Arts - Buffalo State College

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whether the US Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) and state DOMAS are unconstitutional by unfairly denying same-sex couples their fundamental rights as American citizens. Presentation Type and Session: Poster V Exploring a Possible College Drinking Motive: Defiance James Harter, Psychology Faculty Mentor: Professor Michael MacLean, Psychology Drinking is associated with numerous problems and negative consequences for college students. When it comes to college drinking, there are four motives that are typically studied in the field of psychology: coping with negative emotions, enhancement of positive emotions, enhancement of socializing, and conformity. The purpose of this study was to propose a possible new motive known as defiance drinking. Defiance drinking is drinking because it is forbidden and one wishes to defy parental and/or societal restrictions, perhaps as a way of demonstrating autonomy and independence. The study comprised of 291 participants, (138 potential participants were removed because they were over 21 years of age or because of validity issues and another 108 participants were excluded due to not reporting alcohol consumption in the last month). Confirmatory factor analysis and meditational analysis were conducted to test whether defiance drinking motives were adequately measured and whether they are significantly associated with alcohol outcomes. The results indicate that defiance drinking motives partially mediate the relationship between deviance-proneness and alcohol outcomes. This suggests that defying authority is a motive for some underage college drinkers and that it is tied to a tendency to break rules and to experience alcohol-related problems. Defiance drinking motives appear to be worthy of additional study. Presentation Type and Session: Poster IV Eye Tracker and Art Perception Victoria Bitterman and Kathryn Przybysz, PSY 488: Internship Faculty Mentors: Professor Howard Reid, Psychology, Professor Lin Xia Jiang, Fine Arts, and Professor Stephani Foraker, Psychology Our study is using an eye tracker apparatus to examine whether or not there is a difference in perception of pictures between novice and trained artists. Previous eye tracker research has examined complex art issues, such as whether novices and trained artists view abstract paintings differently. There is no previous research comparing the variables we are examining. Specifically we are using an eye tracker apparatus to record the eye movements of students in art classes and non-art classes while looking at relatively simple drawings. These black and white drawings consist of objects, faces, and human figures. The drawings will be shown in pairs, with one correctly drawn and one that is identical except for a minor error in perspective or proportion. We will be measuring the amount of time Psychology and Social Sciences spent focusing on the errors. Our prediction is that the amount of time that subjects focus on the errors will increase with the amount of art training they have received. Presentation Type and Session: Poster II Fair Trade and Organic Consumption: African-American Students’ Attitudes Toward Food Choices Ariel Peters, PSC 470W: Senior Seminar Faculty Mentors: Professor Patrick McGovern, Political Science and Professor Kyeonghi Baek, Political Science There has been an abundance of research done about the psychological traits of fair trade and organic consumers and the emerging trend of political consumerism. However, little research has been done exploring African-American attitudes toward purchasing organic products. Of those studied, people who identified themselves as purchasers of fair trade and organic products were often motivated to purchase because of social pressure, beliefs about social justice, perceived health benefits, price and availability. My research will examine a relationship between African-American consumers and their attitudes toward organic and fair trade products. I hypothesize that African-American consumers perceive organic and fair trade food products differently from their white counterparts. This would fall into line with theories suggesting that African-American consumers may be acculturated toward food differently from white consumers. Using random sampling techniques, I will complete an analysis of survey data collected from Buffalo State College students regarding their food preferences and purchasing habits. Conclusions from this study may then be used to assess consumer behavior towards these products with regard not only to price and availability but group attitudes as well. Presentation Type and Session: Poster V Friendship Qualities, Academic Interest, and Academic Performance In College Geraldine Erokwu, Psychology Faculty Mentor: Professor Michael MacLean, Psychology When it comes to factors that influence academic performance there is more research on secondary students than college students. The purpose of this project is to study the relationships among friendship qualities, academic interest, and academic performance. For the purpose of this study academic interest is defined as what motivates students internally to engage in schoolwork and succeed. Using the Friendship Quality Scale and a modification of Marsh et al.’s (2005) measure to assess academic interest, data will be gathered from Buffalo State College students. I hypothesize that there will be an interaction, such that the influence of academic influence will vary depending on friendship qualities. With the results of this study, I hope to contribute to the field and help colleges serve students better. Presentation Type and Session: Poster IV 115
116 Psychology and Social Sciences Gender and Characteristic Overlap Among Cluster B Personality Disorders Morgan Morningstar, Psychology Faculty Mentor: Professor Jill Norvilitis, Psychology Since their inclusion in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-III (DSM-III; American Psychiatric Association [APA], 1980), personality disorder diagnosis has remained a controversial subject among researchers and clinicians, with considerable overlap among symptoms and ongoing questions about gender differences. This study investigates four hypotheses: 1) that personality measures based on DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria will show extensive overlap among characteristics; 2) that histrionic and narcissistic characteristics will map onto the Five-Factor Model in a similar way with high extraversion and neuroticism, and low agreeableness; 3) that women will show higher levels of histrionic and borderline personality traits and men will show higher levels of narcissistic and antisocial traits; 4) that women will have higher levels of vulnerability when exhibiting narcissistic traits and men will show higher levels of grandiosity. The 429 adult participants completed measures of the four personality disorders, the Big Five Personality Factors, and psychological vulnerability. Traditionally, clinicians view histrionic and borderline as primarily female disorders and narcissistic and antisocial as primarily male disorders. Preliminary analysis shows gender differences supporting this idea in three of the four disorders. Correlational results show considerable overlap among the four personality disorder measures. This overlap indicates the possibility that Cluster B does not contain four distinct disorders and that the construct of Cluster B may need to be revised. To investigate this, we will conduct factor analyses and cluster analyses to examine the relationship between gender and personality disorder. My poster will summarize the findings of this study. Presentation Type and Session: Poster V Going the Distance: Comprehending Pronouns As Distracting Entities Increase Bryan Wight, PSY 499: Independent Study Faculty Mentor: Professor Stephani Foraker, Psychology Going the Distance: Comprehending Pronouns as Distracting Entities Increase Pronouns create an indirect allusion to the entity to which they refer – the referent. Direct-access, which states we process cues at the pronoun virtually automatically (McKoon and Ratcliff, 1980; Foraker and McElree, 2007), and serial search, which states we scan our mental representations one by one until we find the referent (McElree and Dosher, 1993; O’Brien, 1987; Sternberg, 1966) are two competing explanations of how unconscious processes facilitate pronoun comprehension. Past research has shown direct access to be the dominant method for noun-verb linking (McElree, Foraker, and Dyer, 2003). The present study manipulated the number of distractor entities (distance) between the pronoun and its referent noun. Here are examples: SHORT – I heard that John ate some bad seafood. He fainted suddenly. [One distractor entity]. MEDIUM – I heard that John ate some bad seafood before Mary arrived at the party. He fainted suddenly. [Three distractor entities]. LONG – I heard that John ate some bad seafood before Mary arrived at the party with friends from the sorority. He fainted suddenly. [Five distractor entities]. Participants read sentences and answered comprehension questions while their eye saccades were recorded via an infrared eye-tracking camera. We predict using direct-access there will be no difference in the reading times spent on each pronoun, regardless of the number of distractors, and any regressions will occur to the target area – surrounding the referent noun. If participants follow a serial-search mechanism, reading time should progressively increase as distracting entities do and regressions should fixate on incorrect nouns. Preliminary results will be presented. Presentation Type and Session: Oral – Social Sciences Hand Gestures Used In the General Assembly Meetings At the Occupy Protests Lauren Stanley, Nicole Meyer, and Jay Kaplewicz, PSY 330: Psychological Power of Language Faculty Mentor: Professor Stephani Foraker, Psychology The research question for our project was “How do the hand gestures used at the Occupy protests help aid in the flow of communication during the general assembly meetings?” The purpose of the observational research was to find how the protesters overcome the difficulties that arise when trying to communicate effectively and fairly amongst a large group. The data were collected from the general assembly meetings held for Occupy Buffalo, and also instructional videos found online to observe how the system of hand gestures were used. These gestures substitute ideas such as “agree”, “disagree”, as well as others. The research found suggests that the hand gestures used were a system of emblems, symbolic representations for particular concepts, that help keep order and ensure every voice is heard. Presentation Type and Session: Poster III The Impact of Labor Strikes Upon Labor Unions, Workers’ Rights, and Subsequent Labor Legislation Enactment Catherine McCulle, HON 400: All College Honors Colloquium Faculty Mentors: Professor Alex Blair, History and Professor Andrea Guiati, Director, All College Honors Program The purpose of my research is to examine the impact labor strikes in the early twentieth century had upon the formation of labor unions, workers’ rights, and subsequent labor-related legislation. I plan on constructing a poster containing strong images of striking workers and the violence they endured on the picket lines to help convey their struggles for better working conditions, pay, and a shorter work day/week. My analysis will focus upon particularly
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Editor Jill K. Singer, Ph.D. Direct
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Welcome to the 14 th annual Student
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Congratulations to all the student
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‘Year of the Arts’ Events: Warr
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Information Assurance Through Cyber
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Poster Sessions and Displays Butler
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Sooner Rather Than Later: The Role
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Shadows Under the Bed Mallory Schel
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Parent Survey Evaluation and Distri
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Family: Portraits In High Dynamic R
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28 Arts the inside of the building,
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34 Arts both pianist and pedagogue.
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38 Arts Shimmying Across the Atlant
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