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Determination of Critical Micelle Concentration of Surfactants Using a Microfluidic Device Hasina Hamin, Chemistry and Brandon Sligh, Chemistry Faculty Mentor: Professor Jinseok Heo, Chemistry We propose a new method of determining critical micelle concentration (CMC) of surfactants using the quenching effect of a fluorescence dye in a microfluidic device. A surfactant molecule consists of a hydrophilic head group and a hydrophobic tail domain. The addition of surfactants reduces the surface tension of a liquid. Aggregates of surfactant molecules, called micelle, form when the concentration of surfactant is greater than CMC. The measurement of CMC is important in biology and industry because the CMC value indicates the amount of surfactant required to reach maximum surface tension reduction. The CMC of a surfactant can be determined by tracing the change of chemical or physical property of the surfactant over a broad range of concentrations. The change is drastic before and after the CMC. The conventional methods for determining the CMC take a long time for analysis and are not ideal for high throughput measurement of CMC. Calcein, a fluorescent dye, shows fluorescence quenching at a high concentration (more than 10 uM). The formation of micelle will trap the calcein in the hydrophobic micell core. The concentrated calcein molecules are expected to show the quenching effect in the micelle. This calcein quenching can be used to determine the CMC. Our research will be focused on implementing the CMC analysis based on the calcein dye in a microfluidic device. The microfluidic device enables the simultaneous collection of the fluorescence signal emitting from various concentrations of surfactant solution containing the calcein dye. Presentation Type and Session: Poster VI Determination of Menthol In Various Menthol-Containing Natural Samples Sandra Jones and Nicole Martin, FOR 614: Forensic Applications of Instrumental Analysis Faculty Mentor: Professor Alexander Nazarenko, Chemistry Menthol ((1R,2S,5R)-2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol) is an organic compound with numerous applications in medicine, perfumery,in organic synthesis, and as a natural pesticide. We isolate it from peppermint oil using traditional precipitation procedure. For qualitative and quantitative determination of menthol in pharmaceutical samples, various extraction work-ups were employed. Nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectra of menthol were applied for positive identification along with traditional optical rotation and melting point determination methods. For determination of small and trace amounts of menthol, gas chromatography with flame ionization and/or mass spectrometric detection were the most suitable approaches. The results of menthol determination in Physical Geography, Sciences, and Mathematics several pharmaceutical and natural samples will be presented and discussed. Presentation Type and Session: Poster VII Determination of Nicotine In Various Tobacco Samples Chelsey Whitson and Melissa Boler, FOR 614: Forensic Applications of Instrumental Analysis Faculty Mentor: Professor Alexander Nazarenko, Chemistry Among natural alkaloids, nicotine is certainly one of the best known. The systematic name of nicotine is 3-(s)-(1methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine. Isolation of nicotine from tobacco leaves includes extraction with hot, strongly alkaline aqueous solution, with subsequent distillation and precipitation of nicotine in a cation form with picrate or another suitable counter-ion. This solid was used for positive identification of nicotine using UV spectra, Fourier transform infrared techniques, mass spectra and nuclear magnetic resonance experiments. Pure nicotine can be isolated by solvent extraction with diethyl ether. Both gas chromatography (with flame ionization or mass spectra detectors) and high performance liquid chromatography are suitable for quantitative determination of nicotine and do not require derivatisation. The specifics of nicotine determination analysis in natural tobacco-containing samples will be discussed. A simple UV spectrophotometric procedure can be used for determination of relatively large nicotine quantities after solvent extraction separation. Presentation Type and Session: Poster VI Determination of Synephrine In Weight Loss Supplements Anita McAndrew, CHE 495: Forensic Chemistry Applications Faculty Mentor: Professor Alexander Nazarenko, Chemistry Synephrine (4-[1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]phenol) is a natural monoamine alkaloid of phenylethylamine group, which is commonly used as a component in weight loss supplements, and is also a natural alkaloid present in bitter orange essential oil. We apply nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared, and Raman spectroscopy for positive identification of synephrine after its isolation. Using varying methods of extraction we will qualitatively and quantitatively determine the amount of synephrine in pharmaceutical and natural samples. Derivatisation is necessary for analysis using gas chromatographic separation with consecutive determination using flame ionization and/or mass spectrometric detection. Because of phenyl group in synephrine molecule, high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection does not require any derivatisation and is therefore a natural and relatively simple alternative to GC/MS determination. Presentation Type and Session: Poster V 95
96 Physical Geography, Sciences, and Mathematics Determination of Theobromine In Cocoa and Tealeaves Sheila Hagerty, FOR 614: Forensic Applications of Instrumental Analysis Faculty Mentor: Professor Alexander Nazarenko, Chemistry Theobromine, a bitter alkaloid, is present in cacao and to lesser extent, in tealeaves and is regularly consumed by many through consumption of foods and beverages. It is in the methylxanthine class of chemical compounds, along with caffeine and theophylline. Theobromine’s systematic name is 3,7-dihydro-3,7-dimethyl-1Hpurin-,6-dione. Isolation procedure of theobromine from cocoa requires its extraction with subsequent removal of lipids (“cacao butter”) and additional extraction of the alkaloid with methanol. The resulting crystalline compound was investigated using UV spectra, Fourier transform infrared techniques, mass spectra and nuclear magnetic resonance experiments. This can be used for positive identification of the compound. Both gas chromatography (with flame ionization or mass spectra detectors) and high performance liquid chromatography with UV spectrophotometric detection are suitable for quantitative determination of theobromine and do not require derivatisation. The peculiarities of theobromine analysis in natural samples will be discussed. Presentation Type and Session: Poster V Determining Neutron Age In Distilled Water Steven Tarasek, Physics Faculty Mentor: Professor Michael DeMarco, Physics During this beginning research project, our objective was to study the distribution of neutrons emitted from our Plutonium-Beryllium (PuBe) source as they travel through water. One of the characteristics of the neutrons is designated as Neutron Age, or Fermi age. Neutrons from the Pu(Be) source activate the In foil and produce gamma rays. Using the gamma rays that are proportional to the number of neutrons emitted from our Indium isotope, we determined the neutron age. The gamma rays were detected using a Germanium detector attached to a multichannel analyzer (MCA). Along with the age, we calculated the cross section for absorption of our Indium foil, as well as the neutron flux of our PuBe source. Fermi age for a particular medium is related to nuclear reactor design, helping to figure out how far to place fuel rods from one another in order to have the neutrons at the right energy to continue the nuclear fission chain reaction, while also keeping the reactor from overheating and melting down. Presentation Type and Session: Poster VI € Effects of On-Campus Storm Water Mitigation Efforts To Scajaquada Creek Jerome Krajna, Alyssa Russell, and Ashley Williams, GES 460/529: Environmental Field Methods and Analysis Faculty Mentor: Professor Elisa Bergslien, Earth Sciences and Science Education Scajaquada Creek, located within Erie County, New York, is a 29 square mile urbanized sub-watershed of the Lake Ontario basin, and a tributary of the Niagara River. Because Scajaquada Creek is located within an urbanized area it has been highly manipulated leading to degraded water quality. This has led Buffalo State College to implement on-campus storm water mitigation efforts with the goal of improving the water quality in Scajaquada Creek. In this study we will collect water samples every five days over the course of three weeks at three points along the campus’ border with the creek, and a fourth sample in nearby Hoyt Lake. With these samples we will compare oxygen levels, pathogens, phosphorous, and the presence of floatables to samples collected prior to the mitigation projects implementation. We look to show that the on-campus mitigation efforts have improved the water quality of the creek. Presentation Type and Session: Poster VIII An Error Term For Levinson’s Inequality Allan Sesay, Mathematics Faculty Mentor: Professor Peter Mercer, Mathematics Jensen’s Inequality was discovered in 1906 by Danish mathematician Johan Jensen. It is a cornerstone of the theory of Mathematical Inequalities. It applies to functions which are convex – that is, f’’≥0. In recent years, researchers have found and used “error terms” for Jensen’s Inequality. Levinson’s Inequality was discovered in 1964 by American mathematician Norman Levinson. It applies to functions for which f’’’≥0. In the project my goal was to find an error term for Levinson’s Inequality. I began by studying several proofs of Jensen’s Inequality, and several methods for obtaining its error term. This involved reading mathematics papers published as recently as 2008 and 2010. The hope was that I could suitably modify one of those methods to get an error term for Levinson’s Inequality. But after some time, it became evident that this could not be the case because Jensen’s Inequality gives rise to a “linear functional” that is positive, while the linear functional arising from Levinson’s Inequality is not positive. So whatever error term I might find had to have a different sort of character. But this apparent setback showed be not what to look for, which turned out to be helpful. After lots of reading and lots of thinking, I eventually found an error term. Very roughly, Levinson’s Inequality reads (for f’’’≥0) L1 ≤ L2. I found that this could be recast n βf '''(α) as L1 − L2 = E, where E is the desired error term, E = − ∑(A1 − xj) n , j =1 0≤α≤1 and 0≤α≤1/2, and so in particular, f’’’≥0 gives is back € Levinson’s Inequality . € Presentation Type and Session: Poster VII 2 . L1 ≤ L2. €
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Editor Jill K. Singer, Ph.D. Direct
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Welcome Statements ________________
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Welcome to the 14 th annual Student
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Congratulations to all the student
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‘Year of the Arts’ Events: Warr
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Information Assurance Through Cyber
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Poster Sessions and Displays Butler
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Sooner Rather Than Later: The Role
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Shadows Under the Bed Mallory Schel
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Parent Survey Evaluation and Distri
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Family: Portraits In High Dynamic R
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28 Arts the inside of the building,
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30 Arts Richard Wagner. Building on
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32 Arts Fashion of Interaction: An
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34 Arts both pianist and pedagogue.
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36 Arts practices. It will be built
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38 Arts Shimmying Across the Atlant
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40 Arts than modern alloys, history
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42 Business and Fashion & Textile T
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Arts - Buffalo State College

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