User Guide to Thresholds and Classification - Environmental ...

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292User Guide for Thresholds and Classifications> 10 and 100 mg/L 1 mg/L or unknown 9.1C *> 1 and 10 mg/L > 1 mg/L Yes or unknown;the chronic test data ‗declassify‘> 10 and 100 mg/L > 1 mg/Lsubstance> 10 and 100 mg/L < 1 mg/L No9.1D> 100 mg/L or abovewater solubility1 mg/L or unknown Yes or unknown> 100 mg/L or abovewater solubility> 1 mg/LNo for either property; thechronic test data‗de-classify‘ substanceSubstance not classifiedIf intended for biocidal usesee Biocidal ClassificationNotes: L(E)C 50 = median lethal concentration or median effect concentration; NOEC = no observable effectconcentration.* If a mixture is classified as 9.1B or 9.1C on the basis of acute toxicity data, and the weighted sum ofcomponents, which are not rapidly degradable or are bioaccumulative, is < 25% then the mixture is assigned a9.1C or D classification ie, 9.1B drops to 9.1C and 9.1 C to 9.1D.19.3.2. Bridging principlesGuidance on the bridging principles for classifying mixtures without test data is in chapter 18.19.3.3. Classification of a mixture based on the classifications of components: summationapproachWhen test data on the mixture are not available and the bridging principles are not applicable, thesummation approach is used to derive an aquatic hazard classification for the mixture.RationaleThe toxicity criteria for the aquatic classification categories differ by a factor of 10 in moving from onecategory to another. Substances with a classification in a high toxicity band may, therefore, contribute to theclassification of a mixture in a lower band. The calculation of these classification categories, therefore, needsto consider the contribution of all substances that are classified for aquatic toxicity.When components are classified as 9.1A and their acute toxicity is well below the cut-off value (that is, 1mg/L) they contribute to the toxicity of the mixture even at a low concentration. Active ingredients inpesticides often possess such high aquatic toxicity but so do some other substances such as organometalliccompounds. Under these circumstances the application of the normal cut-off values or concentration limitsmay lead to an ‗under-classification‘ of the mixture. Therefore, multiplying factors are applied to account forhighly toxic components, as described in ‗Mixtures with highly toxic components‘ under ‗Classificationprocedure‘ below.January 2012 EPA0109
293User Guide for Thresholds and ClassificationsClassification procedureRapid degradability and potential for bioaccumulationWhen classifying a mixture for aquatic hazards, separate consideration must be given to the rapiddegradability and potential bioaccumulation of the components of the mixture. In general, a mixture cannotbe directly tested for these properties. The classification criteria for 9.1B and 9.1C require that the mixtureincludes a weighted sum of the components with one or both of these properties to be ≥ 25%.If the weighted sum of these components is
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