User Guide to Thresholds and Classification - Environmental ...

174User Guide for Thresholds and ClassificationsAppendix 11D: Comparison of European Union skincorrosion/irritancy risk phrases with HSNO Act skincorrosion/irritancy classificationsThe European Union (EC, 1967) risk phrases are converted into the equivalent Hazardous Substances andNew Organisms Act 1996 (HSNO Act) classification in Table 11D.1. Note that some cut-off values are nottotally aligned with HSNO Act classification categories. This is noted in the table and for classificationpurposes. A precautionary approach is advocated, so the higher hazard category is assigned.Table 11D.1: Comparison of European Union skin corrosion/irritancy risk phrases with equivalent HSNO ActclassificationsEuropean Union risk phrasesHSNO ActequivalentcategorySkin corrosionCorrosive (C)A substance is considered to be Corrosive (C) if, when applied to healthy intact animal skin, itproduces full thickness destruction of skin tissue on at least one animal during the test for skinirritation or if the results can be predicted, for example from strongly acid or alkaline reactions(demonstrated pH of ≤ 2 or ≥ 11.5. Alkaline or acidic reserves should also be taken intoaccount).Classification can be based on the results of validated in vitro tests.A substance is determined to be hazardous and classified as Corrosive (C) and assignedeither risk phrase R34 or R35 in accordance with the criteria below.R35 Causes severe burnsIf when applied to healthy intact animal skin, full thickness destruction of skin tissue occurs asa result of up to three minutes exposure, or if this result can be predicted.8.2AR34 Causes burnsIf when applied to healthy intact animal skin, full thickness destruction of skin tissue occurs asa result of up to four hours exposure, or if this result can be predicted.8.2B and 8.2COrganic hydroperoxides, except where evidence to the contrary is available.Skin irritancyIrritant (Xi)A substance is determined to be hazardous and classified as Irritant (Xi) if it causes:a. inflammation of the skin;b. eye irritation;c. serious eye effects; ord. irritation to the respiratory system.R38 Irritating to skinOrganic peroxides, except where evidence to the contrary is available.Substances that cause significant inflammation of the skin, based on practical observation in6.3ANote there issome overlapJanuary 2012 EPA0109