Pathology - Sultan Qaboos University

Annual Report 2009-2010PathologyPathologyhe Department of Pathology takes part in the B.Sc. Health Sciences, MD, and the B.Sc. Medical Laboratory Sciences teachingTand training programmes. It also participates in the Oman Medical Specialty Board (OMSB) postgraduate medical training programmesin pathology and other medical specialties.In addition to its academic activities, the Department offers specialised diagnostic histo¬pathology, cytology, immuno¬pathology,enzyme-histochemistry and electron microscopy services for SQU Hospital. It functions as a referral centre for the Ministry of Health,the Armed Forces Hospital and other hospitals in Oman. The Department runs a central diagnostic and research facility (electronmicroscopy) for SQU, SQUH and the local community and is involved in many academic and postgraduate research projects.The Department is registered and subscribes to international external quality assurance programmes (EQA) in cytopathology, immunohistochemistry,renal pathology and anatomical pathology including a technical module. The postgraduate training programme isapproved for Part I (FRCPath) of the Fellowship of the Royal College of Pathologists examination.170

Annual Report 2009-2010PathologyAnother highlight during the year was the 3 month visit of Professor Clive Harper, a distinguished neuropathologistand the Head of Department of Neuropathology at the University of Sydney, Australia. During histime in the Department as visiting Professor, he helped with neuropathology teaching and the reporting ofslides in the hospital.Visitors who were invited to the Department in 2009–2010 and presented a Dean’s lecture were: Dr. AnshooAgarwal, Professor and Chair, Ras Al Khimah Medical College and Health Sciences University, who presenteda lecture on “Epidemic Dropsy” in October 2009; Dr. Mulazim Hussain Bukhari, Associate Professor (Pathology),King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan, gave a Dean’s lecture on “Molecular Classification ofBreast Cancer and Role of Immunohistochemistry for detection of cell types that predicts response to chemotherapy”in February 2010; Prof Chandu de Silva, Professor and Head of Department, Faculty of Medicine,University of Colombo, Sri Lanka, presented a lecture on “ Poorly differentiated synovial sarcomas-diagnosisand prognostic implications” followed by a brief presentation: “My vision for teaching undergraduate Pathology”in March 2010; Prof Ritu Lakhtakia, Professor of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Faisal University,Saudi Arabi, presented a lecture entitled “The Spirit of Inquiry” in April 2010, and finally Dr. Hassan Kamel,from Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha Qatar, presented a lecture on “Trends and Challenges in PathologyPractice: Choices and Necessities” in June 2010.Teaching ProgrammesPRECLINICAL PROGRAMMEThe Department taught semester 7 and summer courses, including general pathology with some appliedcontent. This year the department was also involved in the full implementation of the new curriculum: MEDI2104, Response to Infection and Pathobiology, Cardiovascular System and Respiratory System, and in the oldcurriculum, in the Integrated Lecture Series and problem-based learning.CLINICAL PROGRAMMEThe Department taught in the following courses for the 5 th year students in the old curriculum: IntegratedLecture series: Cardiovascular System, Nervous System, Respiratory System, Endocrinology, GastrointestinalTract System, and Urinary System. It also took part in the rotation and laboratory work for 7 th year students.B.SC. MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCES (MLS) COURSESIn the B.Sc. Medical Laboratory Sciences (MLS) programme, staff taught in the following courses: Introductionto MLS, Biology of Disease, Applied MDLS, Cellular Pathology I, Cellular Pathology II, Biology of Cancer,Advanced Instrumentation in Cellular pathology and the Project course.172

POSTGRADUATE TEACHINGThe Pathology Department is a training centre for the Oman Medical Specialty Board (OMSB) and is an approvedcentre for the Part I examination of the British Fellowship of the Royal College of Pathologists (FRC-Path), UK. There are up to 3 residents posted at any one time for general pathology training. The Departmentalso offers an elective rotation (4 weeks) for Dermatology, Haematology and Obstetrics and Gynaecologyresidents. This provides them with an opportunity to develop an understanding about Dermatopathologyand Gynaecological pathology, respectively. In addition to OMSB residents, there are 3 senior house officersemployed by SQUH. They rotate between surgical pathology and cytopathology and acquire basic trainingbefore they travel abroad for further studies. The training programme for postgraduate residents in Pathologyis 5 years. At present, there are eleven OMSB trainees who rotate between the Royal Hospital, KhoulaHospital, the Armed Forces Hospital and SQUH.A delegation from the Royal College of Pathologists visited the Department to evaluate the postgraduatetraining programme in histopathology and our continuing accreditation by the College. The team was ledby the President of the College, Prof. Peter Furness. The feedback was very positive and we also had an opportunityto discuss placements for our residents in the UK. This is a difficult time because of changes in Britishgovernment regulations regarding training programmes for foreign students so the visitors were unable tomake any immediate commitments.TRAINING COURSES & CME ACTIVITIESClinico-pathological conferences/seminars are held at least once a month in the Department. Under CMEactivities, consultant pathologists participated in presentations in the fields of: paediatrics, surgery, haematologyand obstetrics and gynaecology. There were six inter-hospital meetings covering diagnostic and renalpathology. Consultant pathologists provided input for the College in the SCRAPS CME presentations,The Department of Pathology offers clinical attachments for laboratory medicine. The technical staff undertookthe training of three Omani students from various hospitals and schools who are studying medicallaboratory techniques.Clinical & Diagnostic ServicesThe Department maintains a high level of diagnostic services in different subspecialties. It acts as a referralcentre for the Ministry of Health Hospitals, the Royal Oman Police Hospital, the Armed Forces Hospital, RoyalPalace Hospital and clinics, Royal Diwan clinics, and private hospitals within Oman.The diagnostic services offered include: diagnostic histopathology service, diagnostic cytopathology, diagnosticimmunocytochemistry, diagnostic enzyme histochemistry and diagnostic electron microscopy.academic and patient care departmentsPathology173

Annual Report 2009-2010PathologyTests done in 2010 Histopathology Laboratory SQU HospitalSQUH Requests SQUH Tests Other HospitalRequestsOther HospitalTestsHistology 4,882 26,440 332 1,154Immunopathology 1,020 10,108 337 4,108Cytology-Gynaecoloy 1,506 1,670 3 3Cytology-Non-Gynaecology1.034 4,214 5 40Electron Microscopy 600 2,081 75 596Teaching 74 361- -- --TOTAL 9,116 44,874 752 5,901Total No. of tests done 2008-201055000Total No. of Tests Done45000350002500015000500037998477645077502008 2009Year2010174

Dr. Ibrahim Al Haddabi, Consultant, who is a lymphoma expert, received cases from different institutions inOman for second opinion. Prof. Anand Date received all renal biopsies done in Oman including those fromthe SQUH, Ministry of Health Hospitals and some private hospitals.In 2010 with 50,775 tests and 9,868 requests and tests handled in the Department, there was an increase of8.5% over the 2009 figures. The overall increase in 2009 compared to 2008 was 24%. The diagnostic serviceactivities of the Department are evaluated by Departmental internal quality assurance programmes. TheDepartment is also registered with and subscribes to international external quality assurance programmesin histopathology, cytopathology and immuocytochemistry. We also subscribe to a technical module.ResearchRESEARCH PROJECTSMedicinal herb polpala (Aerva lanata) and its effect on the structure of the urinary tract of rat: an ultrastructural analysisProject Code: MREC #296; Dates: 2009Value:Investigators:OR 250; Project Funder: Sultan Qaboos UniversityDr. Menaka D. Lokuhetty, Dept. Pathology, SQU; Prof. Anand Date, Dept. Pathology,SQU.Pathogenesis of Breast Cancer in Omani WomenProject Code: MREC #321; Dates: 2009Value:Unfunded; Project Approval: Sultan Qaboos UniversityInvestigators:Shadia Al-Sinawi, Dept. Pathology, SQU.Using Paraffin Blocks for Lung Cancer CasesProject Code: MREC #341; Dates: 2010Value:Unfunded; Project Approval: Sultan Qaboos UniversityInvestigator:Dr. Nasser Al-Wahaibi, Dept. Pathology, SQUacademic and patient care departmentsPathology175

Annual Report 2009-2010PathologyRESEARCH PUBLICATIONS & BOOKSJournal Publications1. Bakathir AA, Al Hamdani A. Relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in the Jaw: A case report. Oral Surg, Oral Med,Oral Pathol, Oral Radiol, Endodontol 2009; 107:e14–16.2. Al Wahaibi N, Mohamed J, Budin SB, Al Hamadani A. The effects of supra-nutritional dose of sodium selenite onchemically induced hepatocarcinogenesis in male rats. Ann Med Healthcare Res 2009;, Proceedings 2009 InternationalOnline Medical Conference, Universal Publisher, ISBN 978-59942-908-3, 2009.3. Mathew M, Sheik S, Rao K, Burney I, Sawhney S, Al Hamdani A. Metastatic malignant melanoma during pregnancy- Case report and review of the literature. SQU Med J 2009; 9:79−83.4. Mathew M, Burney I, Al Hamdani A, Rao K. Bilateral breast metastases in a pregnant woman with disseminatedcutaneous melanoma. Indian J Cancer 2009; 46:342−4.5. Abdwani R, Abdul Raheem R, Ganesh A, Al Hamdani A. A chronic granulomatous diseases of childhood. Oman MedJ 2009; 24:56−7.6. Al Mamari A, Balkhair A, Gujjar A, Ben Abid F, Al Farqani A, Al Hamdani A, Jain R. A case of disseminated tuberculosiswith adrenal insufficiency. SQU Med J 2009; 9:324−7.7. Machado N, Chopra, P Al Hamdani A. Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid presenting as cervical lymphadenopathy:an approach to management. SQU Med J2009: 9:328−32.8. Al Wahaibi N, Mohamed J, Al Hamadani A. Supplementation of selenium reduces chemical hepatocarcinogenesis inmale Sprague-Dawley rats. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2010; 24:119−23.9. Al Wahaibi N, Mohamed J, Al Hamadani A. Nuclear factor -kappa B as a promising target for selenium chemopreventionin rat hepatocarcinogenesis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010; 25:788−91.10. Alwan D, Al Hamdani A. A case of gastric and duodenal strongyloidiasis. SQU Med J 2010; 10:262−5.11. Al Wahaibi N, Mohamed J, Budin SB, Al Hamadani A. NF-κB as a promising target for selenium chemoprevention inrat hepatocarcinogenesis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010; 25:786−91.12. Al Wahaibi N, Mohamed J, Budin SB, Al Hamadani A. The effects of supra-nutritional dose of sodium selenite onchemically induced hepatocarcinogenesis in male rats. Ann Medicine Healthcare Res. Proceedings 2009 InternationalOnline Medical Conference, 2009. p. 69–76.13. Kadim IT, Mahgoub O, AlMarzooqi W, Khalaf S, AlSinawi S, AlAmri I. Effects of transportation during the host season,breed and electrical stimulation on histochemical and meat quality characteristics of goat longissimus muscle.Anim Sci J 2010; Epub 2010 DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2009.00722.x.14. Kadim IT, Mahgoub O, AlMarzooqi W, Khalaf S, AlSinawi SSH, AlAmri I. Effects of transportation during the hot seasonand low voltage electrical stimulation on histochemical and meat quality characteristics of sheep longissimusmuscle. Livest Sci 2009; 126:154–61.15. ZM, Melghit KK, AlAmri I, AlKindi MA. Soft chemistry preparation of layered Al0.3V2O5 5H2O. Ceram Int 2010;36:807–9.176

16. Mothershaw AS, Gaffer T, Kadim I, Guizani I, AlAmri I, Mahgoub O, AlBahry S. Quality characteristics of broiler chickenmeat on salt at different temperatures. Int J Food Prop 2009; 12:681– 90.17. AlBahry SA, Mahmoud I, Elshafie A, AlHarthy A, Sabha A, AlGhafri A, AlAmri I, Al Kindi A. Bacterial flora and antibioticresistance from eggs of green turtles chelonia mydas: An indication of polluted effluents. Mar Pollut Bull 2009;58:720–5.18. AlHarthi A, AlSaadi M, AlOmari I, Sitepu H, Melghit K, AlAmri I, AlHinai AT, Thomas S. Structural analysis and bandgap tailoring of Fe3+-doped Zn–TiO2 nanoparticles. Appl Phys A 2009; 99:237– 44.19. Kadim IT, Mahgoub O, AlMarzooqi W, Khalaf SK, Mansouri MH, AlSinani SSH, AlAmri I. Effects of electrical stimulationon histochemical muscle fiber staining, quality, and composition of camel and cattle longissimus thoracismuscles. J Food Sci 2009; 74:S44– 52.20. Khaled M, AlShukeili OS, AlAmri I. Effect of M-doping (M = Fe, V) on the photocatalytic activity of nanorod rutile TiO2for Congo red degradation under the sunlight. Ceram Int 2009; 35:433– 9.21. Jibril B, AlMaamari RS, AlAmri I. Effects of potassium distributions in carbonizations of bituminous coal. J Anal ApplPyrolysis 2009; 85:529–33.22. Al-Sajee DMA, Al-Hamdani A. A case of gastric and duodenal strongyloidiasis. SQU Med J 2010; 10:262–4.CONFERENCE & SEMINAR PRESENTATIONSConference PresentationsInternational1. Al Wahaibi N, Mohamed J, Al Hamadani A. Effects of sodium selenite on chemically induced hepatocarcinogenesisin male rats. Bengkel Penulisan Sainstific Patologi Dan Anatomi 2009. Negeri Semilan, Malaysia, 2009.2. Al Wahaibi N, Mohamed J, Al Hamadani A. Effects of sodium selenite on biochemical profile on chemically inducedhepatocarcinogenesis in male rats Bengkel Penulisan Sainstific Patologi Dan Anatomi 2009. Negeri Semilan, Malaysia,2009.3. Tageldin MH, Al Ismaily SI, AlRawahi AM, Safwat A, AlBusaidi S, AlAmri I, Al Adawi K. Lumpy skin disease of cattle:An emerging problem in the Sultanate of Oman. European Buiatrics Forum, EBF. Marseilles, France, 1–3 December2009.academic and patient care departmentsPathology177