The role of digital video media in second language listening ...

Table 3-9 Videotext Two: Summary of key elements, Frames 8-10.......................87Table 3-10 Videotext Three: Summary of key elements, Frame 1..........................90Table 3-11 Videotext Three: Summary of key elements, Frames 2-5.....................91Table 3-12 Videotext Three: Summary of key elements, Frames 6-9.....................92Table 3-13 Videotext Three: Summary of key elements, Frames 10-14.................93Table 4-1 Summary of participant comments related to videotext appropriacy....106Table 4-2 Videotext One: Patterns of self-selected stops, initial pass...................109Table 4-3 Videotext Two: Patterns of self-selected stops, initial pass..................110Table 4-4 Videotext Three: Patterns of self-selected stops, initial pass................112Table 4-5 Text type identification........................................................................117Table 4-6 Initiate macrostructure.........................................................................118Table 4-7 Confusion; little support......................................................................119Table 4-8 Generate macrostructure; little help......................................................120Table 4-9 Generate macrostructure; confusion....................................................121Table 4-10 Generate propositions; confirm interpretation....................................122Table 4-11 Refine macrostructure; attend to audio track......................................123Table 4-12 Frequency of text type identification..................................................124Table 4-13 Identification of text type...................................................................125Table 4-14 Written text in identification..............................................................126Table 4-15 Use of headlines in initial macrostructure construction......................127Table 4-16 Reactions to inability or partial ability to decode a headline................129Table 4-17 Use of visual elements the generation of macrostructure...................130Table 4-18 Caption as a basis of confirmation.....................................................134Table 4-19 Embedded text as a basis for confirmation........................................135Table 4-20 Background images as confirmation..................................................136Table 4-21 Refine individual word meaning........................................................137Table 4-22 Image narrows possible interpretation...............................................138Table 4-23 Refine macrostructure development...................................................139ix