acknowledgements for ansi/nist-itl 1-2011 - NIST Visual Image ...

ForewordThis foreword is not part of the American National StandardANSI/NIST-ITL 1-2011Law enforcement and related criminal justice agencies, as well as identity management organizations,procure equipment and systems intended to facilitate the determination of the personal identity of asubject or verify the identity of a subject using biometric information. To effectively exchange identitydata across jurisdictional lines or between dissimilar systems made by different manufacturers, astandard is needed to specify a common format for the data exchange.Biometric data refers to a digital or analog representation of a behavioral or physical characteristic ofan individual that can be used by an automated system to distinguish an individual as belonging to asubgroup of the entire population or in many cases, can be used to uniquely establish or verify theidentity of a person (compared to a claimed or referenced identity). Biometric modalities specificallyincluded in this standard are: fingerprints, plantars (footprints), palmprints, facial images, DNA andiris images. Identifying characteristics that may be used manually to establish or verify the identity ofan individual are included in the standard. These identifying characteristics include scars, (needle)marks, tattoos, and certain characteristics of facial photos, iris images and images of other body parts.Latent friction ridge prints (fingerprint, palmprint and plantars) are included in this standard and maybe used in either an automated system or forensically (or both).Some data may be stored and/or transmitted in original and/ or processed versions. The image or otherdata (such as a video or audio clip) may be ‘raw’ (as captured), compressed, cropped, or otherwisetransformed. An example of processed information is minutiae from friction ridge images. It isimportant, therefore, that descriptive information associated be transmitted to the receivingorganization.The Information Technology Laboratory (ITL) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST) led the development of this American National Standards Institute (ANSI) approved AmericanNational Standard using the NIST Canvass Method to demonstrate evidence of consensus.[2013a>] The 2011 version of standard replaces ANSI/NIST-ITL 1-2007 and ANSI/NIST-ITL 2-2008standards and the amendment ANSI/NIST-ITL 1a-2009. The 2013 Update incorporates the Dental andVoice Supplements to the 2011 version of the standard as well as some other new material. See theForeward to the 2013 Update for details. [