Book - School of Science and Technology

Index 719gradients 57hot water systems 177,589±91measurements 13±14, 13occupied rooms 347±8ratio values 55scales 5sensors 624±5steam properties 160summer time 92±3thermal indices 10±12winter time 51±6, 60Temporarywater hardness594±5Terminal diffusers 167Terminal heat emitters 114±15Terminal reheat systems 645Terminals, flue gas disposal 335Test Discount Rate (TDR)683±4Test Reference Year 675Tests of filters 486±7Theatres 346Thermal balance points 68Thermal capacity73, 667±8Thermal centre lines 250Thermal conductivity 172Thermal expansiongases 4liquids 4pipework 255±9sensors 624±6, 625±6solids 4Thermal indices 10±12Thermal inertia 21Thermal insulationductworks 457±8, 457±8materials 457pipework 169±71winter time 29±30, 29Thermal response 60Thermal storage 140, 265Thermal storage cylinderscapacity128central storage heaters 121power supply142storage equipment 138±42Thermal transmittance coefficientsee U valuesThermal wheel heatexchangers 507±8, 508Thermistors 625Thermocouples 625Thermometers 13±14, 13, 276±7Thermostatic control valves 623Thermostatic steam traps 220,220Thermostats 624±6, 625±6Thermosyphon free cooling 545Three-pipe circuits 159, 395Three-port valves 630, 632Throttling dampers 481, 482Throw 416Timber 315, 315Time (chimneydesign) 324Time lag 60Tobin tube ventilator 351Toilets 346, 358, 431Torque 628Total heat diagrams 531±2Total pressure 447, 449Trace heating 307Transmissionnetworks 654±5noise 466±7, 466sound 459vibration 466±7, 466Trap set 221Trench convectors 196, 197Tropics 375Tube plate calorifiers 217±18Tube steam-to-watercalorifier 217, 218Tubular heaters 112, 112Turbines 691, 692Turbulent ventilation 431Turn-down ratios 263Twin-flue Lancashire boilers 272Two-pipecircuits 238±9, 238, 240fan coil air-conditioningsystem 392gravitycirculation 164, 164,250hot water circuits 154±6,155±6induction air-conditioning393, 393Two-port valves 630, 632, 633Two-position controllers 635±6,636U values 24±6, 24±6building regulations 30±1ductworks 457±8, 457±8envelope insulation 32±3glazing 35±6, 36ground floors 34±5, 35insulated materials 41uninsulated constructions 40windows 35±6, 36Ultimate analysis 318Ultrasonic atomisers 498Under sink water storageheaters 567Under-hearth insulation 285±6Underfeed stokers 279±82Undergroundducts 173±5heat distribution 175, 175storage 304Undirectional flowcleanrooms 431Uninsulated constructions 40Unit heaters 199±200, 199±201Unitarycontrollers 656Units 2conversion factors 704±5symbols 703Unrestrained expansionjoints 256, 257Unventilated hot watersystems 592±3, 618, 618Unventilated storage waterheaters 571±2, 571±2Up-feed pipework 616upolyvinylchloride(uPVC) 441Upward air-flow systems 396±8,410±12, 414Utilisation efficiency670Utilisation of steam 159Vacuum systems 164Valve authority631±2Valves 305±6, 629±33, 629±32gas by-pass 547gate 246, 246relief 276±7spill 213, 215±16Vane anemometers 15, 471±2Vaporisation 282Vapourcompression 530±2, 536±40media 114±15pressure 4, 44±5, 44resistance 42±3seals 30Variable fan speed 481, 483Variable refrigerant volume402±3Variable volume systemsair-conditioning 384±8control 647±9design calculations 528diffusers 422±3fans 481±3, 482Velocityair measurements 15chimneyflue gases 324pressure 447±8, 448, 453±4water systems 235±9, 236Vent pipes tanks 305Vented storage heaters 571±2Ventilation 341±72air 89air change rates 345±6air-conditioning 521allowance 21, 46±7, 46chimneys 338efficiency372