Book - School of Science and Technology

Special air distribution applications 433There is one additional class recognised by the industry but not yet included in FederalStandard 209E based on 0.1 mm and larger particles.Typical design objectives for a pharmaceutical cleanroom suite can be summarised asfollows:. exclusion of the environment external to the suite. removal or dilution of contamination arising from the local manufacturing process. removal or dilution of contamination arising from personnel working in the area. containment of hazards arising from the product. control product to product cross-contamination. protection of personnel. control and management of flow of material. control and management of flow of personnel. optimum comfort conditions for personnel. adjustable environmental conditions for products. accommodation of process plant and equipment to ensure safe and easy use, as well asgood access for maintenance. effective monitoring of the conditions of the suite.Assembly halls and auditoriaAssembly halls and auditoria are generally characterised by large but variable occupancylevels, relatively high floor to ceiling heights, sedentary occupation, usually non-smokingand stringent acoustic requirements.Specific issues that need to be addressed include the following:. flexible layout to suit possible alternative seating layouts. acoustic control measures ± plant location, vibration, noise breakout, attenuators, ductlinings etc.. integration of large air handling plant and distribution ductwork. occupancy patterns and part load operation. consider viability of heat recovery devices and possible variable speed operation. zoning of the plant in large auditoria. treatment and integration of builderswork plenums. careful selection of air terminal device, integration with seats, control of noise anddraughts. stage ventilation and assessment of lighting gain for cooling. temperature control at rear of auditorium where there is reduced height. background and out of occupancy hours heating. back of house zoning of plant. local cooling and ventilation of control rooms, translation booths etc.Air distribution strategies include:. Mechanical displacement ventilation ± low level supply and high level extract. Lowlevel supply is often via a plenum beneath the seating. Air is extracted at high level,returned to the central plant for heat recovery or exhausted to atmosphere. Thisapproach is suitable for raked fixed seating halls and auditoria. Advantages are thatonly the occupied zone is conditioned, not the entire space, and the potential for `freecooling' is maximised as supply air temperatures are usually 19±20 C. Air volumes,