Book - School of Science and Technology

346 Ventilationof air which could be used to reduce the quantity provided over a short period ofoccupancy.Legislation and other rulesNo pre cis of current Acts of Parliament or the Regulations and Guidance Notespublished (often separately for England and Wales; Scotland; and Northern Ireland)under those Acts can be either complete or up to date; nor can a digest of local authoritybye-laws or regulations purport to be comprehensive. The notes which follow thereforeare no more than an alphabetical listing to illustrate some of the less specialised regulations:. Auditoria. The CIBSE occupancy requirement is that an outside air quantity of 8 litre/sper person (non-smoking) be provided by a ventilation system. As a result of variableoccupancy rates, carbon dioxide controlled mechanical ventilation systems are permitted.. Car parks. Building Regulations, etc., require, for natural ventilation, that openings tooutside should have an area of 5% of floor area. Between 6 and 10 air changes arerequired, dependent upon circumstances, if ventilation is to be mechanical.. Dwellings. Building Regulations require that habitable rooms, naturally ventilated,must be provided with an opening to outside with an area of at least 5% of floor area.When ventilation is by mechanical means, one air change per hour must be provided tohabitable rooms and three air changes per hour to bathrooms (or 15 litre/s) and one airchange per hour to kitchens (or either 60 litre/s generally or 30 litre/s via a cookerhood).. Factories. Since almost all work places fall within this one category, specific Orders underthe Factories Act, the Offices, Shops and Railway Premises Act and the Health and Safetyat Work Act will apply. An Order published by the Health and Safety Executive suggeststhat a minimum of 6 litre/s of outside air should be provided per person.. Hospitals. Publications by the Department of Health and Social Security coverrequirements for Buildings over a very wide field of activities.. Kitchens. School kitchens are required, in a Building Note published by the ScottishEducation Department, to have an outside air supply of not less than 17.5 litre/s per m 2of floor area nor less than 20 air changes per hour.. Schools. The Department of Education and Science requires that working areas shouldbe provided with an outside air supply of 8.5 litre/s per person.. Theatres. These, with other places of public entertainment such as dance halls, fallunder the same category as auditoria.. Toilets. Many local authorities (and Building Regulations) require three air changesper hour or 6 litre/s of outside air per WC pan. (For public use, it is good practiceto provide double this air quantity.) Duplicate fans and motors are commonly required.Readers who require detailed information upon a particular area of legislation wouldbe well advised to consult BSRIA since this organisation publishes a wide range ofbibliographies.Criteria for air supply to occupied roomsGood ventilation cannot be defined in simple terms which can be quantified as hard andfast rules. Reference must be made to conditions which have been found in practice to