••' • ••· THE l(ALEI.DOSCOPE : ITS CONSTRUCTiON AND A PPLICATJON. [Work- March 11, 1800,•sdUdknly disappear. Filter; and after' i1dd- them in that position <strong>for</strong> a day or ~o to I purpose <strong>for</strong> which they arc intended.' Theiog another Si ounces of distilled water, allow the cement to harden; after which the object -box :-;hown in sect ion at z f'ig 5 i~1laoe} the jar.:_' Solution A." slips at lt, Fig. 5, may be gently ~c re wcd in intended f0r the reception of tt~ansp~r~ntThe second is prepared by dissolving 15} theit· places, and the angle of the lower o1j cc t~ which are attached l,y the cement~~i?S of. n~tr8.te of silver ~ 17 .ounces of e~ges carefu~y adjusted by the scre.w nt j, already mentioned ~o the inner I)Urfa.ce ofboihng distilled water; whtlst still boiling Ftg. 2. A smtable cement <strong>for</strong> attaclnng tbo the ground glass dtsc. When required <strong>for</strong>add 12 ~ins of ~chelle ;;alts which have r~liec tors . consists of 1 onn~c of i:-;_in g l ~s,; thin, .loo~? ohjccts, the spa~o .bet,vecn thebeen previOusly diSsolved m half an ounce dtssolvcd m 1! ounces of glactal acettc n~: lll, two dtscs 1s so reduced that 1t IS impossibleot distilled. water, the. ~oiling b~ing con- ; t~1e bottle containing it bcin~ placctl iu o. <strong>for</strong> one piutc to slip behind another, and yettmued until the 1l!ec1p1tat.e wh1Ch <strong>for</strong>ms httle warm water when rcqmrcd <strong>for</strong> u;-;c. allow of }ICrfcct freec~om of m~v~m~nt in thebecomes grey. Filter, pteces. It 1t 1s d~iredand when cool, po~r into Flg. 8. Fi•0 to have two cells, one ina .. jar ~~ label-. ~olu- g. 1 · front of the other, a disct 10n B. If dtsttlled A of clear glass occupieswater is difficult to pro- the place of the groundcut·e rain water, if caught ~l n.ss di ~-;c ; then a brassin the country and nl- ring somewhat ·thickertered, will serve <strong>for</strong>. ~he than the objects· in thepurpose. '!'be bmhng second cell is laid in tomo.y be conducted in a snpport the di:~c of groundfia.sk on a retort stand, glass, and if deemed necesorin a porcelain dish s.'l.ry, the ring of bras.~covered with a glass wire which secmes theplate, and. heated on a latter as shown iu thestove. When these opera- section is replaced by ations are complete, the ------------ ------- ----- brass ftanged ring similartwo glass plates must be Fig. 8.-Front View of Small Eye-piece of Compound Kaleidoscope. Fig. 9.- Section or in section to that whichmade chemically clean by dltto, showing Lens and Method of mounting the same. Fig. 10.- Ba.ck View of ditto, secures the lens in therubbina them with a slip showing Position or Diaphragm. (Scale of Figs. S-17 inclusive, half size.) eye-piece, as sho'l'\'n inof woo~ dipped in strong Fig. 1.2. The process tonitric acid, the process being Fig. 1 L he followed in making theconducted in the open air to object-boxes resembles thatavoid inhaling the noxious g iYen in the case of thefumes. The acid is then carrier, the outside beingwashed off with soft water always finished first whereand a solution of caustic . . , the work in hand is so slightpotash applied in the same ' ·/ ''. in character, as in this inmann'er,after which alcohol . ,. ·,• )· Fig. 12. stance, <strong>for</strong> if the oppositeor rectified spirits of wine is ; ;.-: ·/' course is adopted, on atapplied.L astly, they are ~·.-:· :, ,~· temvting to turn the outside,thoroughly washed in distilled : ~:·/ the work will bond and svringwater, and placed, whilst still - under the tool, and probablywet, side· by side in a clean end by flying to pieces. Todish, when equal quantities of facilitate withdrawal from thethe solutions A and B are ------------------ carrier, they should be furpouredover them and mixed Fig. 11.- Ba.ck View o! Larger Eye-piece. Fig. 12.- section of ditto. nished with a round-headedbystirringwith brass screw ata glass rod. Six each _side, inor eight oun~es the same w~yofenchsolntwn ns shown mwill be suffi- the eye-piececicnt, and a (Figs. 8 and 9),meat dish will the construebefound to be tion of whicha suitable ves- we will nowsel <strong>for</strong> the pur- pass on to conpose.If any Fig. 13. sider. In thesuspicion is en- first plac~ wetertained a~ to must provtde aits cleanliness rin:r. A, of paritwill be well t icularly closetosubject it grained, bardto the same m a h o g a n ~,searching pro- turned t9 .fitcess as do- _ _ smo9thlym.1tsscribed <strong>for</strong> the Flg. 14. bcanng, bemgglass plates. At csr ccin.lly c~reatemperature fu respectmgof 60° the sil- Fig. 13.-Sectiona.l View o! Objective. F!g. 14.-Plan of Camera Obscura <strong>for</strong> Use with Compound Kaleidoscope. the tlucknessverina will be · of the ton~e,complete in two and a half or three ' In replacing the ~id c::. of th ~ cas~ wh!ch )ta,y e · ~o that when fini sh~d it . shal_l ~"be. q~~~bourH. The glassc!'! are then take n out h cen remm·ed to rcn.ch the mtcnor, 1t "·ould 1free from shake. fo tlus r mo IS .washed in distilled water, and when dry be o.n improYement to aftix a pair of hinges tached a dovetail slide, B, belt by a.. ptebethe Rurface. may. he polished with range, a~d a catch to the side on the right of. :ru, at each side, s~cured acro~s t e gr~m Jgeutly ajJphccl wtth a small pad of cotton } 1g. 2, to accelerate the process of cleanmg ~crews to the rmg; t~e s!tde D c~ndes _~vooL .The refiect
. .•Wvrk-1Ia.rch 8, 1890.] T HE K ALEIDOSCOPE : ITS CONSTRUCTiON AND A PPLICATJON.' shoulder·whicb bears on the slid~, and the direction. It may be constructed of pine, mahogany rabbeted or 1Juilt up as ::;hown~int is screwed and afterwards nveted or and should be perfectly square. The ends which holds the traci n ~ cloth or paper 0 1~soldered to the diaphmoam. In c~oos~ng the are mortised' into a baseboard, and shapen wh ich the pic·tmc or d c:-; i ~n has to be drawn.lens it will be of a correct focus If prmt can so that the top, which is left open, is in- To inteni;ify the li~ht, and :-;hade the evesbe discerned or r_ead clearly at a_distance of clined or tilted 30° from t.he horit.onta l line, of the ob~e rvcr as nmch as possihle, Slll·h n.10 in: Wlren fimshed, the eye-piece should the reason <strong>for</strong> this being that the victure lamp as that shown in Fig-. 11 will he foundhave a· deep mark cut on the upper edge, o.s 1 ~sdt1 l. It is fnrni:-;hcd wi th a ~· i n . wickshown by the crow's foot ~~ D, Figs. Bll;nd nnd a silYeretlmctal reflector, :1 in. diametm·:10 to indicate the exact pos1t10n <strong>for</strong> entenng The shade is of strong tin plnte, and theth~ bayonet joint, after which a small pin lnmp is mounted on a, wood base, G in. wirleor screw must be inserted in the grooves to and 8 in. lonfr. which c-orre:-:pouds to theact as a stop when the slide is exactly verti- "itlth of the kalcicloscopc, so thn.t on pine·cal when it will be found that the latter ing the instrnmcnt an d any acte.'-';;ories notrequires grooving. to cle.'l.r.the ind~x above, nctunlly attac-lJ ecl to the same, they mny heand further, the rmg reqUires cuttmg away , kept central with each otlwr on a, htlnrclsomewhat to clear the diaphragm. There is .yet another eye-piece to be made, as shown . 1\, npa rt, ai; ~h ow n in ~cc t ion, Fig-. 1 ii. i\ 11'\. hnYing slips screwed to its tme face 8 in.m Figs. 11 and 12, <strong>for</strong> projecting the picture ··: · tnhc:; in the optica l portion shoul(l reecive aon to a screen or camera obscura <strong>for</strong> copy- ,
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