6139008-History-of-Money

employment. The Irish underclass' dependence on potatoes was a result of not permitting Irish Catholics to obtain gainfulemployment or invest in any significant storehouse of wealth such as real property or joint stock corporations. Withoutsavings, the Irish were forced to grow the majority of their own food for families that average a size of 6 on a single acrewhile still producing enough of a cash crop to pay the rent owed to their British landlords. Potatoes were the only cropthat could produce sufficient calories on such small plots in the Irish climate. The British were far more concerned with thepotential loss of rents to their British subjects on the island than the loss of life among Catholics. Depopulating Irelandimproved the financial stature of England by increasing the island's ability to export high value crops and foodstuffs toLondon. There was no shortage of food on the island during the years of the Famine except that which was created byshipping foodstuffs for the benefit of rich British landowners. A disastrous Gregory Clause of the Poor Law Extension Actwas introduced, limiting aid to those who owned less than one quarter of an acre (1,000 m?) of land. This forced povertystrickenstarving tenants either to give up their homes and land, and so become destitute after the famine, or hold on tothem and risk starvation. Thousands of Irish were buried without coffins because there was not enough money to pay forthe lumber. The landowners who demanded rents from starving people who had no legal rights to own or sell anythingexcept food did not even have the grace to pay for boxes to bury the children of those who starved after being evicted.Irish emigrants to America were now sending money back home by drafts and cash.If Irish nationalism was dormant for the first half of the nineteenth-century, the Famine convinced Irish citizens and Irish-Americans of the urgent need for political change. Each time the rebellion was put down savagely, and each time furthermeasures were taken to keep the Irish in submission, which merely strengthened Irishmen in their hatred for England,contempt for the law, and willingness to go to any lengths to get revenge or independence. The Irish parliament had beenhamstrung since the end of the fifteenth century by Poynings' Law, which gave the English Parliament power to legislatefor Ireland, no matter what the Irish parliament had done. Irish linen manufacturing met with the same fate when theIrish were forbidden to export their product to all other countries except England. The time of the Potato Famine coincidedwith the era of Pax Britannica between the Congress of Vienna (after the defeat of Napoleon) and the Franco-PrussianWar. Britain then reaped the benefits of being the World's sole modern, industrial nation. Following the defeat ofNapoleon, Britain was the "workshop of the World", meaning that its finished goods were produced so efficiently andcheaply that they could usually undersell comparable, locally manufactured goods in other markets. The notable differencebetween the Famine and other humanitarian crises was that it occurred so apparently close to the imperial homeland, at atime well into the modern prosperity of the Victorian and Industrial age. Even today, such crises tend to be far away fromcenters of power such that the subjects of empire, almost by definition, are of distant cultures, languages and religiousbeliefs. Within the imperial culture, the reportage of a crisis among its subjects more often uses dismissive anddehumanizing terms, and treats otherwise urgent matters with little relevancy or interest. The Great Famine howeverrepresents a rare example of "imperial treatment" towards a people so apparently similar, according to the apparentcommon criteria. Although human suffering during the Great Famine itself was never photographed, it immediately andprofoundly altered the course of generations of Irish and Irish Diaspora —for whom history has a rich record.President Andrew Jackson's Veto of the Bank of the United States; July 10, 1832It is important to note that until the 1830's, newspapers served the elite - the wealthy and the well educated. Mostnewspapers cost six cents a copy and emphasized serious articles about business, politics, and foreign affairs. Becausethe newspapers were so expensive (and dull), they attracted only a few thousand readers. The masses were in the dark.Then, with the advent of cheap newspapers owned by the elite, the masses were manipulated easily. When the Americancongress voted to renew the charter of The Second Bank of The United States, Jackson responded by using his veto toprevent the renewal bill from passing. His response gives us an interesting insight. "It is not our own citizens only who areto receive the bounty of our government. More than eight millions of the stock of this bank are held by foreigners... isthere no danger to our liberty and independence in a bank that in its nature has so little to bind it to our country?...Controlling our currency, receiving our public moneys, and holding thousands of our citizens in dependence... would bemore formidable and dangerous than a military power of the enemy. If government would confine itself to equalprotection, and, as Heaven does its rains, shower its favour alike on the high and the low, the rich and the poor, it wouldbe an unqualified blessing. In the act before me there seems to be a wide and unnecessary departure from these justprinciples." Andrew Jackson. In 1832 Jackson ordered the withdrawal of government deposits from the Second bank andinstead had them put into safe banks.Nicholas Biddle: “This worthy president thinks that because he has scalped Indians imprisoned Judges, he isto have his way with the Bank. He is mistaken.”The Second Banks head, Nicholas Biddle was quite candid about the power and intention of the bank when he openlythreatened to cause a depression if the bank was not re-chartered, we quote. "Nothing but widespread suffering willproduce any effect on Congress... Our only safety is in pursuing a steady course of firm restriction - and I have no doubtthat such a course will ultimately lead to restoration of the currency and the re-charter of the bank."By calling in existing loans and refusing to issue new loans he did cause a massive depression, but in 1836 when thecharter ran out, the Second Bank ceased to function. When asked what he felt was the greatest achievement of his careerAndrew Jackson replied without hesitation "I killed the bank!" However we will see this was not the end of private financialinfluence passing itself off as official when we look at. William Henry Harrison, was killed by being poisoned, in 1841, amonth after being inaugurated as President because he continued the policies of Jackson. U.S. Senator Thomas Benton inhis book stated as to President Harrison, "that the deceased President had been closely preceded and was rapidly followedby the deaths of almost all of his numerous family, sons and daughters." Only one of President Harrison's eight children, aThe Hidden History Of Money & New World Order Usury Secrets Revealed at last! Page 253