Environmental Impacts of Multi-Storey Buildings Using Different ...

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- 82 -6.4.4 ResultsThe number of points awarded (only for the two categories materials and energy), as well asthe weighted total score (based on those two categories) for the Steel, Concrete, Timber andTimberPlus building are shown in Table 6.14.The weighted score is calculated in the Green Star tool based on the weightings shown inTable 6.12. Categories for which “not applicable” was chosen are excluded from theweighting, i.e. it leads to a different result if N/A is ticked or if 0 credits are awarded.Table 6.14: Green Star results – base scenario.Timber TimberPlus Steel ConcreteRecyclables Storage 0 0 0 0Re-use of Façade N/A N/A N/A N/ARe-use of Structure N/A N/A N/A N/AShell and Core or Intergrated Fit out 0 0 0 0Recycled Content of Concrete N/A N/A N/A 3Recycled Content of Steel N/A N/A 2 N/APVC Minimisation 0 0 0 0Sustainable Timber 2 2 N/A N/ACarpet N/A N/A N/A N/APaints 0 0 0 0Thermal insulation 0 0 0 0Non-carpet floor coverings N/A N/A N/A N/ACredits for material 2 2 2 3Credits for energy 3 3 3 3Total credits 5 5 5 6Weighted score 5 5 5 6The environmental ranking of the buildings based on the Green Star results would be- Concrete- Steel/Timber/TimberPlus (all joint equal)In comparison the LCA results for primary energy use as well as GWP in the base scenarioare shown in Table 6.15Table 6.15Table 6.15.Table 6.15: LCA results – base scenarioRanking Primary energy GWP1 TimberPlus TimberPlus2 Concrete Timber3 Timber Concrete4 Steel Steel
- 83 -Table 6.16: Green Star results – recycling scenario.Timber TimberPlus Steel ConcreteRecyclables Storage 0 0 0 0Re-use of Façade N/A N/A N/A N/ARe-use of Structure N/A N/A N/A N/AShell and Core or Integrated Fit out 0 0 0 0Recycled Content of Concrete 3 3 3 3Recycled Content of Steel N/A N/A 2 N/APVC Minimisation 0 0 0 0Sustainable Timber 2 2 2 2Carpet N/A N/A N/A N/APaints 0 0 0 0Thermal insulation 0 0 0 0Non-carpet floor coverings N/A N/A N/A N/ACredits for material 5 5 7 5Credits for energy 3 3 3 3Total credits 8 8 10 8Weighted score 7 7 8 7For the reutilisation scenario, the environmental ranking of the buildings based on the resultsof the Green Star rating would be:• Steel• Concrete/Timber/TimberPlus (all joint equal)For comparison, Table 6.17 shows the LCA results for primary energy use as well as GWP inthe reutilisation scenario.RankingTable 6.17: LCA results – reutilisation scenario.LCA reutilisationscenario -Primary energyLCA reutilisationscenario -GWP1 TimberPlus TimberPlus2 Concrete Timber3 Timber Steel4 Steel Concrete
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Environmental Impacts ofMulti-Store
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ContentsGlossary...................
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6.3.4.3 Maintenance related embodie
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- 9 -GlossaryCO 2 stored - refers t
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- 11 -Chapter 7Chapter 8Chapter 9Ch
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- 13 -An alternative end-of-life sc
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- 15 -designers and a shortage of b
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- 17 -• Ministry for the Environm
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- 19 -which it can be fashioned to
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- 21 -For fire safety, the New Zeal
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- 23 -buildings for low seismic are
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- 25 -4 The Buildings4.1 Constructi
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- 27 -the building. The basement le
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- 29 -4.3.2 Common Design Principle
Page 31 and 32: - 31 -Figure 4.5: South-west façad
Page 33 and 34: - 33 -the three longitudinal frames
Page 35 and 36: - 35 -4.3.5.2 Floor and RoofThe str
Page 37 and 38: - 37 -4.4 Multi-Storey Timber Build
Page 39 and 40: - 39 -Several different solutions h
Page 41 and 42: - 41 -5 Operational Energy5.1 Gener
Page 43 and 44: - 43 -Table 5.1: Simulation inputs
Page 45 and 46: - 45 -Table 5.3: Areas of office en
Page 47 and 48: - 47 -Modifying the design to achie
Page 49 and 50: - 49 -• Standards New Zealand (NZ
Page 51 and 52: - 51 -6 Life Cycle Assessment6.1 In
Page 53 and 54: - 53 -6.2.3.3 Impact AssessmentThe
Page 55 and 56: - 55 -6.3.2.2 System BoundariesThe
Page 57 and 58: - 57 -For more information see:http
Page 59 and 60: - 59 -6.3.3 Inventory Analysis6.3.3
Page 61 and 62: - 61 -Table 6.2: Net tonnes CO 2 eq
Page 63 and 64: - 63 -Growing timber takes up CO 2
Page 65 and 66: - 65 -6.3.4 Impact AssessmentTotal
Page 67 and 68: - 67 -8000700060005000GWP (t CO2 eq
Page 69 and 70: - 69 -As explained above, carbon st
Page 71 and 72: - 71 -Figure 6.10: Total embodied e
Page 73 and 74: - 73 -Table 6.9: Total GWP of each
Page 75 and 76: - 75 -8,0007,0006,0005,000GWP (t CO
Page 77 and 78: - 77 -45000400003500030000GWP (kg C
Page 79 and 80: - 79 -assumed to be identical for t
Page 81: - 81 -6.4.3.2 Green Star Recycling
Page 85 and 86: - 85 -The contribution of initial e
Page 87 and 88: - 87 -results, the reutilisation sc
Page 89 and 90: - 89 -7.1.1 Platform and Balloon Co
Page 91 and 92: - 91 -buildings has been analysed a
Page 93 and 94: - 93 -Figure 7.5: Construction sche
Page 95 and 96: - 95 -8.2 Source and Availability o
Page 97 and 98: - 97 -It would be incorrect, howeve
Page 99 and 100: - 99 -8.5 Additional Opportunities
Page 101 and 102: - 101 -example, removal of CCA trea
Page 103 and 104: - 103 -The Waste Minimisation Bill
Page 105 and 106: - 105 -9 Discussion9.1 The Building
Page 107 and 108: - 107 -• The buildings tend to be
Page 109 and 110: - 109 -9.4.3 Data Sets9.4.3.1 Gener
Page 111 and 112: - 111 -The following assessment wil
Page 113 and 114: - 113 -Table 9.1. GWP coefficients
Page 115 and 116: - 115 -Figure 9.2 shows that the ne
Page 117 and 118: - 117 -placing and retaining materi
Page 119 and 120: - 119 -Net CO 2 emissions - that is
Page 121 and 122: - 121 -The LVL specified for the st
Page 123 and 124: - 123 -10 ConclusionsThe following
Page 125 and 126: - 125 -building types, instead subs
Page 127 and 128: - 127 -In summary, reutilisation sh
Page 129 and 130: - 129 -• What is the ranking of t
Page 131 and 132: - 131 -• What is the comparison i
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- 133 -Connell Wagner (2007): Combu
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- 135 -Suzuki, Michiya, and Tatsuo
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- 137 -C O N C R E T E B U I L D I
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- 139 -S T E E L B U I L D I N Gm m
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- 141 -T I M B E R B U I L D I N Gm
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- 143 -T I M B E R B U I L D I N G
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- 145 -T Exterior Wall Cladding 581
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- 147 -Appendix B. Life times of bu
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- 149 -Appendix D: Transport scenar
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- 151 -Appendix F: Warren and Mahon
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Timber Plus ProjectSummary of the T
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Timber Plus ProjectGreen Star Ratin
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Timber Plus ProjectVolatile Organic
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Timber Plus ProjectThe Forest Stewa
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Timber Plus ProjectStain and Clear
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Timber Plus ProjectINTERIOR WALL CL
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Timber Plus ProjectWINDOW REVEALSMa
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Timber Plus ProjectSOFFIT FRAMINGMa
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Timber Plus ProjectEXTERIOR WALL CL
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Timber Plus ProjectAdditional Oppor
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Appendix AResene Expected Paint Sys
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- 152 -Appendix G: Green Star Asses
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New Zealand Forest Research Institu
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Executive SummaryA common building
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1 IntroductionA common building des
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Timber pluso The same assumptions a
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Table 1-1-1: Weightings in Green St
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The science behind LCA is still dev
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In comparison the LCA results have
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All four buildings in this research
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1.4 Further WorkThe difficulty in m
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