Environmental Impacts of Multi-Storey Buildings Using Different ...

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1.4 Further WorkThe difficulty in maintaining complete objectivity in building assessment systems is most noteablein the material selection criteria and to a lesser extent in the energy use criteria. Definingsustainable materials presents a confounding challenge for Scientists. Ultimately a betterintegration of LCA techniques and LCA-based decision support tools in whole building rating andcertification systems is preferable.Based on this study there are several options for further work that would add to the growing bodyof knowledge in this vital research area, some of these are detailed below. During the review phaseof the GreenStar NZ tools provide feedback to the New Zealand Green Building Council aroundalignment of the ratings to the initial objective to reduce the flows from and to nature. Data tosupport this important feedback would be essential to ensure changes could be incorporated intofuture tools.Once the GreenStar NZ Education tool has been released it may be prudent to re-run the selfassessmentsand compare LCA with the appropriate application-specific green building rating tool.A further study comparing results obtained for similar self-assessments with BREEAM and LEEDas alternate green building rating tools that have had the opportunity to mature in the market.Further work around true life cycle costs for beneficial re-use options for recycled materials andinvestigating barriers to LCA data availability for New Zealand is suggested.Provision of research data to companies trying to become Environmental Choice certified wouldenable the market to have better data across a wider range of products and this would encouragetheir wider use.A more comprehensive treatment of other credits where LCA would be invaluable isrecommended, examples include; MAN-7 (quantifying the impact of waste diverted from landfill) orEMI-5 (assessing the life cycle costs of reducing flows to municipal sewage systems).The issue of data availability across borders to ensure comparability and the obvious commercialsensitivity of the data is an outstanding issue requiring resolution at a high level. Raising the profileof LCA as a decision support tool at government level would be fundamental to winning furtherfunding to develop New Zealand-based data. When judging the significance of data with respect toreferences or benchmarks the ultimate answer lies in developing case studies of different types ofconventional buildings in different regions that can serve as benchmarks. There are compellingreasons to have this data in terms of future proofing key decisions around climate change andadaptation.In the long run the integration of LCA tools into whole building assessment systems will yieldsignificant benefits, not only will it improve understanding and reward for environmentalperformance, but once established future LCA will be less complex and expensive. A paradigmshift is required away from conventional wisdom and related procurement decisions towardminimisation of life cycle flows to and from nature.Status Draft 16.07.2008Project NumberOur Ref − MWH Scion GreenStar Assessment PeerReviewFINAL.doc
1.5 ReferencesInternational standardisation organisation 2006. Environmental Management – Life cycleassessment – Principles and framework. ISO14040.Johns, W.R., Kokossis, A., and Thompson, F. (2008) A flowsheeting approach to integrated lifecycle analysis. Chemical Engineering and Processing 47: 557–564.Krozer, Y. (2008) Life cycle costings for innovations in product chains. Journal of CleanerProduction 16: 310-321.Mangena, S.J., and Brent, A.C. (2006) Application of a Life Cycle Impact Assessment framework toevaluate and compare environmental performances with economic values of supplied coalproducts. Journal of Cleaner Production 14: 1071-1084.Norgate, T.E., Jahanshahi, S, and Rankin, W.J (2007) Assessing the environmental impact ofmetal production processes. Journal of Cleaner Production 15: 838-848.New Zealand Green Building Council (NZGBC) 2008. Technical Manual Office Design ToolVersion 1. pp vi.Wayne, B., and Trusty M.A. 2007. Integrating LCA Tools in Green Building Rating Systems.Sustainable Materials Conference, Vancouver, 2007. Sustainable Materials Institute, Ontario.Pp112-113.Status Draft 16.07.2008Project NumberOur Ref − MWH Scion GreenStar Assessment PeerReviewFINAL.doc
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Environmental Impacts ofMulti-Store
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ContentsGlossary...................
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6.3.4.3 Maintenance related embodie
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- 9 -GlossaryCO 2 stored - refers t
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- 11 -Chapter 7Chapter 8Chapter 9Ch
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- 13 -An alternative end-of-life sc
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- 15 -designers and a shortage of b
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- 17 -• Ministry for the Environm
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- 19 -which it can be fashioned to
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- 21 -For fire safety, the New Zeal
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- 23 -buildings for low seismic are
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- 25 -4 The Buildings4.1 Constructi
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- 27 -the building. The basement le
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- 29 -4.3.2 Common Design Principle
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- 31 -Figure 4.5: South-west façad
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- 33 -the three longitudinal frames
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- 35 -4.3.5.2 Floor and RoofThe str
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- 37 -4.4 Multi-Storey Timber Build
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- 39 -Several different solutions h
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- 41 -5 Operational Energy5.1 Gener
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- 43 -Table 5.1: Simulation inputs
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- 45 -Table 5.3: Areas of office en
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- 47 -Modifying the design to achie
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- 49 -• Standards New Zealand (NZ
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- 51 -6 Life Cycle Assessment6.1 In
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- 53 -6.2.3.3 Impact AssessmentThe
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- 55 -6.3.2.2 System BoundariesThe
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- 57 -For more information see:http
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- 59 -6.3.3 Inventory Analysis6.3.3
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- 61 -Table 6.2: Net tonnes CO 2 eq
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- 63 -Growing timber takes up CO 2
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- 65 -6.3.4 Impact AssessmentTotal
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- 67 -8000700060005000GWP (t CO2 eq
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- 69 -As explained above, carbon st
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- 71 -Figure 6.10: Total embodied e
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- 73 -Table 6.9: Total GWP of each
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- 75 -8,0007,0006,0005,000GWP (t CO
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- 77 -45000400003500030000GWP (kg C
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- 79 -assumed to be identical for t
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- 81 -6.4.3.2 Green Star Recycling
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- 83 -Table 6.16: Green Star result
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- 85 -The contribution of initial e
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- 87 -results, the reutilisation sc
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- 89 -7.1.1 Platform and Balloon Co
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- 91 -buildings has been analysed a
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- 93 -Figure 7.5: Construction sche
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- 95 -8.2 Source and Availability o
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- 97 -It would be incorrect, howeve
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- 99 -8.5 Additional Opportunities
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- 101 -example, removal of CCA trea
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- 103 -The Waste Minimisation Bill
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- 105 -9 Discussion9.1 The Building
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- 107 -• The buildings tend to be
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- 109 -9.4.3 Data Sets9.4.3.1 Gener
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- 111 -The following assessment wil
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- 113 -Table 9.1. GWP coefficients
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- 115 -Figure 9.2 shows that the ne
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- 117 -placing and retaining materi
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- 119 -Net CO 2 emissions - that is
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- 121 -The LVL specified for the st
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- 123 -10 ConclusionsThe following
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- 125 -building types, instead subs
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- 127 -In summary, reutilisation sh
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- 129 -• What is the ranking of t
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- 131 -• What is the comparison i
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- 133 -Connell Wagner (2007): Combu
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- 135 -Suzuki, Michiya, and Tatsuo
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- 137 -C O N C R E T E B U I L D I
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- 139 -S T E E L B U I L D I N Gm m
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- 141 -T I M B E R B U I L D I N Gm
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- 143 -T I M B E R B U I L D I N G
Page 145 and 146: - 145 -T Exterior Wall Cladding 581
Page 147 and 148: - 147 -Appendix B. Life times of bu
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Page 156 and 157: Timber Plus ProjectSummary of the T
Page 158 and 159: Timber Plus ProjectGreen Star Ratin
Page 160 and 161: Timber Plus ProjectVolatile Organic
Page 162 and 163: Timber Plus ProjectThe Forest Stewa
Page 164 and 165: Timber Plus ProjectStain and Clear
Page 166 and 167: Timber Plus ProjectINTERIOR WALL CL
Page 168 and 169: Timber Plus ProjectWINDOW REVEALSMa
Page 170 and 171: Timber Plus ProjectSOFFIT FRAMINGMa
Page 172 and 173: Timber Plus ProjectEXTERIOR WALL CL
Page 174 and 175: Timber Plus ProjectAdditional Oppor
Page 176 and 177: Appendix AResene Expected Paint Sys
Page 178 and 179: - 152 -Appendix G: Green Star Asses
Page 180 and 181: New Zealand Forest Research Institu
Page 182 and 183: Executive SummaryA common building
Page 184 and 185: 1 IntroductionA common building des
Page 186 and 187: Timber pluso The same assumptions a
Page 188 and 189: Table 1-1-1: Weightings in Green St
Page 190 and 191: The science behind LCA is still dev
Page 192 and 193: In comparison the LCA results have
Page 194 and 195: All four buildings in this research
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