Environmental Impacts of Multi-Storey Buildings Using Different ...
Environmental Impacts of Multi-Storey Buildings Using Different ... Environmental Impacts of Multi-Storey Buildings Using Different ...
- 146 -T I M B E R P L U S B U I L D I N G M A I N T E N A N C EStairs Lifetime # of replacements Mass of replacements (tonnes)T Stairs 15 3 16.58 Princeton, 2008RoofS Roof Cladding 40 0.5 1.67 Szalay 2006S/G Spouting 40 0.5 0.20 Kirk et al. 1995S/G Downpipes 40 0.5 0.16 Kirk et al. 1995S Wall Cladding 40 0.5 0.90 Szalay 2006Exterior walls (Envelope)T Exterior Cavity Battens 50 0.2 0.55 Szalay 2006T Exterior Wall Cladding 40 0.5 11.68 Kirk et al. 1995T Exterior Wall Cladding 30 1 1.11 Kirk et al. 1995P Exterior Walls 8 6.5 1.91 Szalay 2006T Soffit Framing 40 0.5 0.31 Kirk et al. 1995T Soffit Lining 40 0.5 0.22 Kirk et al. 1995P Exterior Soffits 8 6.5 0.06 Szalay 2006T Parapet Framing 40 0.5 0.29 Kirk et al. 1995Interior wallT Interior Wall Cladding 30 1 10.23 Kirk et al. 1995P Interior Walls 8 6.5 5.06 Szalay 2006MDF 15 MDF 40 0.5 7.45 Princeton, 2008WindowsG Windows 40 0.5 15.80 Szalay 2006Al Windows 40 0.5 0.52 Szalay 2006T Window frames 40 0.5 0.61 Szalay 2006DoorsG Doors 40 0.5 0.17 Szalay 2006T Doors 40 0.5 1.00 Szalay 2006P Doors 8 6.5 0.15 Szalay 2006T Door frames 40 0.5 0.01 Szalay 2006Ceiling officesP Ceilings 8 6.5 0.06 Szalay 2006MDF 17 MDF ceiling tiles 40 0.5 26.86 Princeton, 2008LouversP Louvres 8 6.5 1.43 Szalay 2006
- 147 -Appendix B. Life times of building materialsFrom "Life Cycle Costing for Design Professionals", 2.ndEd. Kirk et al. 1995MaterialUseful LifeBalustrading (glass) ("Balcony Walls and Handrails - Glass Panels") 40Pre-cast Concrete Stairs 50Steel stairs 40Cedar/Redwood siding (cladding) 40Plywood Siding 30Corrugated Metal Deck (comflor) 30Metal soffits 40Cast iron roof drains 40Exterior metal panels 30+From Princeton University Design Standards Manual(Princeton 2008)MaterialUseful lifeAluminium Louvres 60Plywood Panelling (plywood roofs/floors) 40Plywood siding (ext walls) 30Stairs - pressure treated lumber 15Wood finish carpentry/millwork (interior wood cladding) 60-80From Exemplar House Study (Szalay 2006)All foundations/floor framing/wall framing/pilesBuilding LifeFibre Cement Walls 50Weatherboard/wooden panelling 40Plasterboard lining 40Plasterboard ceiling lining and battens 40Steel roofing, battens, insulation 40Interior paint 8Exterior paint 8Window frames and glazing 40External doors, frames 40Internal doors 40Assumptions for this studyAcoustic Ceiling Tile, Fibre Cement 40
- Page 95 and 96: - 95 -8.2 Source and Availability o
- Page 97 and 98: - 97 -It would be incorrect, howeve
- Page 99 and 100: - 99 -8.5 Additional Opportunities
- Page 101 and 102: - 101 -example, removal of CCA trea
- Page 103 and 104: - 103 -The Waste Minimisation Bill
- Page 105 and 106: - 105 -9 Discussion9.1 The Building
- Page 107 and 108: - 107 -• The buildings tend to be
- Page 109 and 110: - 109 -9.4.3 Data Sets9.4.3.1 Gener
- Page 111 and 112: - 111 -The following assessment wil
- Page 113 and 114: - 113 -Table 9.1. GWP coefficients
- Page 115 and 116: - 115 -Figure 9.2 shows that the ne
- Page 117 and 118: - 117 -placing and retaining materi
- Page 119 and 120: - 119 -Net CO 2 emissions - that is
- Page 121 and 122: - 121 -The LVL specified for the st
- Page 123 and 124: - 123 -10 ConclusionsThe following
- Page 125 and 126: - 125 -building types, instead subs
- Page 127 and 128: - 127 -In summary, reutilisation sh
- Page 129 and 130: - 129 -• What is the ranking of t
- Page 131 and 132: - 131 -• What is the comparison i
- Page 133 and 134: - 133 -Connell Wagner (2007): Combu
- Page 135 and 136: - 135 -Suzuki, Michiya, and Tatsuo
- Page 137 and 138: - 137 -C O N C R E T E B U I L D I
- Page 139 and 140: - 139 -S T E E L B U I L D I N Gm m
- Page 141 and 142: - 141 -T I M B E R B U I L D I N Gm
- Page 143 and 144: - 143 -T I M B E R B U I L D I N G
- Page 145: - 145 -T Exterior Wall Cladding 581
- Page 149 and 150: - 149 -Appendix D: Transport scenar
- Page 154 and 155: - 151 -Appendix F: Warren and Mahon
- Page 156 and 157: Timber Plus ProjectSummary of the T
- Page 158 and 159: Timber Plus ProjectGreen Star Ratin
- Page 160 and 161: Timber Plus ProjectVolatile Organic
- Page 162 and 163: Timber Plus ProjectThe Forest Stewa
- Page 164 and 165: Timber Plus ProjectStain and Clear
- Page 166 and 167: Timber Plus ProjectINTERIOR WALL CL
- Page 168 and 169: Timber Plus ProjectWINDOW REVEALSMa
- Page 170 and 171: Timber Plus ProjectSOFFIT FRAMINGMa
- Page 172 and 173: Timber Plus ProjectEXTERIOR WALL CL
- Page 174 and 175: Timber Plus ProjectAdditional Oppor
- Page 176 and 177: Appendix AResene Expected Paint Sys
- Page 178 and 179: - 152 -Appendix G: Green Star Asses
- Page 180 and 181: New Zealand Forest Research Institu
- Page 182 and 183: Executive SummaryA common building
- Page 184 and 185: 1 IntroductionA common building des
- Page 186 and 187: Timber pluso The same assumptions a
- Page 188 and 189: Table 1-1-1: Weightings in Green St
- Page 190 and 191: The science behind LCA is still dev
- Page 192 and 193: In comparison the LCA results have
- Page 194 and 195: All four buildings in this research
- 147 -Appendix B. Life times <strong>of</strong> building materialsFrom "Life Cycle Costing for Design Pr<strong>of</strong>essionals", 2.ndEd. Kirk et al. 1995MaterialUseful LifeBalustrading (glass) ("Balcony Walls and Handrails - Glass Panels") 40Pre-cast Concrete Stairs 50Steel stairs 40Cedar/Redwood siding (cladding) 40Plywood Siding 30Corrugated Metal Deck (comflor) 30Metal s<strong>of</strong>fits 40Cast iron ro<strong>of</strong> drains 40Exterior metal panels 30+From Princeton University Design Standards Manual(Princeton 2008)MaterialUseful lifeAluminium Louvres 60Plywood Panelling (plywood ro<strong>of</strong>s/floors) 40Plywood siding (ext walls) 30Stairs - pressure treated lumber 15Wood finish carpentry/millwork (interior wood cladding) 60-80From Exemplar House Study (Szalay 2006)All foundations/floor framing/wall framing/pilesBuilding LifeFibre Cement Walls 50Weatherboard/wooden panelling 40Plasterboard lining 40Plasterboard ceiling lining and battens 40Steel ro<strong>of</strong>ing, battens, insulation 40Interior paint 8Exterior paint 8Window frames and glazing 40External doors, frames 40Internal doors 40Assumptions for this studyAcoustic Ceiling Tile, Fibre Cement 40
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