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vessels,ACCIDENTS AND EMERGENCIES 423and—the patient recovered.Charles F. Lummis, having fractured his rightarm so badly that the bone protruded, and beingalone in the desert, gave his canteen strap two flatturns about the wrist, buckled it around a cedartree, mounted a nearby rock, set his heels upon theedge, and threw himself backward. He fainted ;but the bone was set. Then, having rigged splintsto the injured member with his left hand and teeth,he walked fifty-two miles without resting, beforehe could get food, and finished the 700-mile trampto Los Angeles with the broken arm slung in abandanna.Richardson tells of a Montana trapper who, havinghis leg shattered in an Indian fight,and findingthat gangrene was setting in, whetted one edge ofhis big hunting knife, filed the other into a saw, andwith his own hands cut the flesh, sawed the bone,and seared the arteries with a hot iron. He survived.First-aid Materials.—Many of the operationshereinafter described can be performed with extemporizedmaterials; but antiseptics and sterilizeddressings, ready at all times for instant use, are soessential in the treatment of wounds and other injuries,that every wise traveler will carry on hisperson some sort of first-aid packet. Even if thisbenothing more than one of the Red Cross dressingsfor small wounds and a few antiseptic tablets,sealed up in a waterproof and greaseproof envelope,which weighs practically nothing and takes up hardlyany room, it may make all the difference bet\veena quick cure and long suffering or death from bloodpoisoning.The pocket emergency case that Imentioned on page 103,along with a soldier's firstaidpacket for major injuries, are sufficient to giveemergency treatment in any case, yet the two togetherweigh less than half a pound and can bfcarried in a coat Docket.