Camping and woodcraft - Scoutmastercg.com

ROUTE SKETCHING 87Paces of Animals.—The paces of saddle animalsvary according to individuals, but can soon be determinedby test. This should be done both at walk andtrot, counting only the double pace, like that of aman, when walking, or the rise when trotting. Thepace of a horse is as uniform as that of a man. Amule's gait is still steadier and the stride is moreeven.Distance by Sound.—In mapping a considerableterritory in the mountains, where pacing isunreliable and may be impracticable, two men canwork to advantage if one carries a gun or pistol andthe other a stop-watch. For example, you wish toknow the distance from camp to a certain peak.The man with the gun climbs the peak, and fires ashot when he gets there, to call his comrade's attention.Then he ties his neckerchief on a stick, and,stepping out in plain view, signals with the extemporizedflag, and fires at the same Instant. Theman in camp times, with his stop-watch, the intervalbetween signal and arrival of the gun's report.Sound travels, in quiet open air, approximately atthe following rates, according to temperature:VELOCITY OF SOUNDAt— 30° Fahr., 1030 ft. per sefc.=l mile in 5.13 sees." 20° " 1040=1 " 5.08 ""10° " 1050:=1 " 5.03 "0°"" 1060=1 " 4.98 "10° "" ""1070=1 4.9320° "" ""1080=1 4.8832° "" ""1092=1 4.8340° "" ""1100=1 4.80''50° " ""1110=1 4.7860° "" ""1120=1 4.7370° "•' ""1130=1 4.6880° "" ""1140=1 4.63— 90° "" ""1150=1 4.59—100°"" ""1160^1 4.55—110°"" ""1170=1 4.51—120°"" ""1180=1 4.47When the air is calm, fog or rain does not appreciablyaffect the result ;wind does, of course. The