Camping and woodcraft - Scoutmastercg.com

I70CAMPING AND WOODCRAFTthe front and you can see the hands clearly throughIt."If it Is desired to make a sketch-map of someregion for which you cannot obtain a governmenLtopographical sheet, and the country is too roughfor pacing, it will help if one member of the partycarries a stop-watch, with which to estimate distancesby the sound of pistol shots, as described in Vol. II.Whistle.— A party traveling in thick woodswith only an old line of blazes to guide them mayhave to deploy to find the marks. It will save time,and perhaps a good deal of searching for each other,if they have shrill whistles and a prearranged code5f signals. The army officer's whistle is a good one.Maps.— Write to The Director, U. S. GeologicalSurvey, Washington, D. C, for an index mapshowing what topographical sheets have been publishedfor the State that you are to travel in. Thesesheets are sold at ten cents each (no stamps).Their character is described as follows:The United States Geological Survey has been engagedsince its organization in making a topographic survey andmap of the United States. The unit of survey is a quadrangle15', 30', or 1° in extent each way, covering anarea of one-sixteenth, one-fourth, or one " square degree,"The unit of publication is an atlas sheet 16^ by20 inches, and each sheet is a topographic map of one ofthe above areas. As the atlas sheets are uniform in size,the greater the area covered the smaller the scale of themap. The scale of the full degree sheet is i: 250,000,that of the 30' sheet is i: 125,000, and that of the 15'sheet 1 : 62,500. A sheet is designated by the name ofsome well-known place or feature appearing on it, andthe names of adjoining published sheets are printed onthe margins. The maps are engraved on copper andprinted from stone. The cultural features, such as roads,railroads, cities, towns, etc., as well as all lettering, arein black; all water features are printed in blue; whilethe hill features are shown by brown contour lines.The contour interval varies with the scale of the mapand the relief of the country.These maps vary in merit. For some of thewilder and rougher regions they are only recon-