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69. Tutorial – Six File Automatic Method________________________________________________________________This tutorial describes the recommended method for co-registering the two setsof three each Landsat band files for gap filling. The gap filling process, identicalto that described in Section 48 is also repeated.The preceding section described the PANCROMA TM semi-manual process forco-registering Landsat band files. In general, the registration process containsthe following elements:• Compute Maximum Extents – this utility determines the maximum overlapbetween the Reference and Adjust data sets and specifies this overlap bycomputing the corner coordinates that define the overlap• Image Rescale. Sometimes the Reference and Adjust images do nothave the same scale factor. Landsat band images for example can haveeither 30m or 28.5m resolution. In this case the images must be rescaledso that the two match, i.e. the 28.5m image must be rescaled to 30mresolution• Image Subsetting. Next the two images must be cropped according to theMaximum Extents corner coordinates so that both images have the samelatitude and longitude boundaries• Row and Column Count Rationalization. The images get a final check tocorrect any off-by-one row or column discrepancies resulting fromrounding errors when recomputing row and column counts during anyrescaling and when mapping the corner latitude and longitude values totheir corresponding row and column values.In the preceding Tutorial (Section 48) this process was done using four separate,semi-manual utilities. A new PANCROMA TM utility conducts these operationsautomatically, saving time and reducing the probability of making an error in theprocess. In order to use the utility, you start with two three-file data sets asbefore, for example a Landsat band1, band2 and band3 Reference file and aband1, band2 and band3 Adjust file. There must be at least some common areashared between the two data sets. The band files must also be in GeoTiffformat. To get started, open three band files (either the Reference or Adjustgroup) by selecting ‘File’ | ‘Open’ and opening three files from the same data setin series. Continue opening three more files, for example the files from theAdjust data set if you opened the Reference set first. You should now have sixband files opened. Now select ‘Band Combination’ | ‘Subset Images’ | ‘SubsetSix Bands’. When the subset data entry box appears, just click on ‘Enter’.327
PANCROMA TM does the rest after that. If all goes well, you should see your sixregistered images appear after a bit of computation. You can save all six files byselecting ‘File’ | ‘Save’ and typing in a base file name. PANCROMA TM will add anumerical suffix to the base file name, numbering the output files in the sameorder that you input them. Two example subsets from such a pair of coregisteredsets is shown below. You are now ready to gap fill the registeredimages.328
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1. What Is PANCROMA TM ? ..........
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Compute Single Histogram...........
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67. Tutorial - Pan Sharpening Full
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2. What Useful Things Can PANCROMA
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4. PANCROMA TM Features____________
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5. System Requirements_____________
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7. Getting Started_________________
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Each color and NIR band channel con
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determine if one number is differen
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will be shown at the bottom of the
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12. File I/O_______________________
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13. System Variables_______________
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14. Display________________________
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15. The PANCROMA User Interface____
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not find this file , you will be pr
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If you check the ‘Generate Graysc
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19. Image Subsetting_______________
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IMPORTANT NOTE: There is a check bo
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IMPORTANT NOTE: Saving and opening
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When the Input Box becomes visible,
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20. Batch Subsetting_______________
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21. Quick Start - Pan Sharpening an
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During the internal processing of t
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is unlikely that the settings will
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The default method is checked. The
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around 4000 rows by 4000 columns. I
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the ‘Pan Sharpening Pre Processin
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lowerLimit upperLimitThe following
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Another type of unwanted artifact i
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matching algorithm to be applied. T
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25. ENHG Algorithm - Manual Method_
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The next image is the result of pan
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26. ENHG Algorithm - Automatic Meth
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Next, compute the XIONG file. Open
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The XIONG algorithm is one of the m
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29. AJISANE Algorithm______________
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An example of a pan sharpened image
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The spectral match is indicated by
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You must be careful when selecting
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31. ELIN Local Optimization Algorit
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IMPORTANT NOTE: Regions of high con
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Add the green band and the red band
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33. Pan Sharpen Batch File Processi
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34. Working with SPOT® Data_______
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the special image processing utilit
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35. Working with ASTER Data________
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36. Working with Formosat-2 Data___
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100
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ALI data is similar to Landsat with
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38. Working with Digital Globe® Da
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spectral transmission of the telesc
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ow. Make sure you check this before
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40. Working with Landsat Surface Re
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41. Working with Landsat GEOCOVER D
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foreground and background applicati
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GEOCOVER can offer a very attractiv
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After navigation and selecting your
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Although not designed as a data sou
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44. Working with USGS DOQQ and NAPP
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46. Working with MODIS Surface Refl
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47. Working with RapidEye Data_____
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The Transfer method processes the f
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using the PANCROMA TM ‘Preprocess
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and band 5 (MIR) also be input. Thi
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134
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50. Automatic Image Registration of
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The next two images are the registe
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At the present time, PANCROMA TM ca
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Since only a portion of EMR reachin
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144
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‘File’ | ‘Open’. After your
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Haze reduction may be useful in con
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Save your image using GeoTiff file
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The correction is made according to
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54. Image Processing Utilities - Gr
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Input Channel Adjust Group Utility
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55. Image Processing Utilities - SP
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56. Image Processing Utilities - AS
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57. Image Processing Utilities - Pa
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Channel Level AdjustPANCROMA TM pro
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ENHG Scale FactorThe ENHG slider ba
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59. Image Preprocessing____________
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select ‘File’ | ‘Open’ and
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Analyzer. Doubling is done by first
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high pixel brightness in one image
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There are a few rules of thumb rega
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You will need three control points
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• image resampling• geometric m
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ROWS groupsFirst row of dataSecond
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Where QCAL are the calibrated image
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When you select ‘OK’ the surfac
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The rendering below shows a color t
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Q cal = Quantized and calibrated st
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A section of a SPOT metadata file s
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Temperature (measured in degrees Ke
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Calibration requires multiplication
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NIR band, band 2 (green) and band 3
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and 1 (Brightness, a measure of soi
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X-Y Band Scatter PlotsA scatter plo
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presented. Check the ‘Compute Lin
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PANCROMA TM has a utility for regre
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60. Image Post Processing__________
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You can adjust weighting factors fo
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Unsupervised ClassificationUnsuperv
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214
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Grayscale and Color Image TilingIt
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GeoreferencingPANCROMA TM has a uti
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61. Spectral Analysis______________
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When you click ‘OK’, the select
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The plot shows all of the computed
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PANCROMA TM computed that the cover
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Landsat Reflectance Point Spectrum
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SPOT ® Point Spectrum Generator TM
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will become disabled and the Color
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When the ‘Zoom Disabled’ radio
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Digital spectra are recorded for mi
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The next step is to overlay the Lan
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http://www.science.aster.ersdac.or.
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Although the run was not successful
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The pan sharpened image was created
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Now select ‘Spectral Analysis’
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RapidEye ® Spectral Analyzer TMSpe
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Click ‘OK’. The TOA Reflectance
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The second plot is shown below, dis
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have to rationalize the file sizes.
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Euclidean Distance Fraction TM Anal
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The idea is to adjust the included
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In addition to Landsat 7, Spectral
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Low numbers mean high discriminatio
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Copyright USGSAlthough this data is
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Note that the band 6 (TIR) track ba
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higher (whiter) the grayscale pixel
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The table with the manually input r
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this does not correspond to physica
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L71005068_06820030919_B10.TIFL71005
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Page 335 and 336: Gap Filled Grayscale ImageGap Fille
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Page 359 and 360: From Next PageSection 13Subset One
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The following image is the RGB colo
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Press ‘OK’. The transformed gra
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However it is close enough to illus
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The second image is a straightforwa
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It is also possible to combine the
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80. Pan Sharpened Image: Landsat Mo
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82. Pan Sharpened Image: Landsat De
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88. Pan Sharpened Image: EO-1 Mount
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Multiple Linear Regression, 205Mult
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