User Manual - pancroma

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Landsat 7 Surface TemperatureThe Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+)sensors acquire temperature data and store this information as a digital number(DN) between 0 and 255 inclusive in the Thermal Infrared (TIR) bands. It is possibleto convert these DNs to degrees Kelvin using PANCROMA TM Surface Temperatureutility. PANCROMA TM uses the method specified in the Landsat 7 Science Data<strong>User</strong>s Handbook, first converting the DNs to radiance using the bias and gain valuesspecific to the Landsat band 6, 6a or 6b TM or ETM bands. It then uses the ThermalBand Constants specified in the handbook. The temperatures can be written asFLOAT types to file, displayed as a scaled grayscale image or as a color contourplot.T = K 2 / ln( (K 1 /L λ )+ 1)To use the utility, open a Landsat TIR band by selecting ‘File’ | ‘Open’. Thenselect ‘PreProcess’ | ‘Compute Surface Temperatures’ | ‘Landsat 7’. (Note thatonly TIFF and L1G format is accepted by this utility.) A data entry screen will bedisplayed. You will be prompted to select how the data will be output. You cancheck boxes to direct PANCROMA TM to save a data file, display a grayscaleimage or display a color contour plot. The band number track bar is visible but isnot adjustable as the temperature computation is only valid for band 6 input files.However the Graphics Image Scale Factor can be used to attenuate thegrayscale image output, since the temperature is reported in degrees Kelvin andwill typically exceed the maximum allowable grayscale channel value (255) if not.The default setting is 0.5. Note that you must check either the ‘Landsat ETM+’ or‘Landsat TM’ radio button as the band 6 gains are different for the two Landsattypes. If your input file is a Landsat ETM+ type, PANCROMA TM willautomatically detect whether the input file is a high gain (suffix 61) or low gain(suffix 62) type so that the correct gain and bias coefficients will be used.187
The rendering below shows a color thermal contour plot and a grayscale imagescaled by a factor of 0.5.Landsat 8 Top of Atmosphere ReflectanceLandsat 8 OLI band data can also be converted to TOA planetary reflectanceusing reflectance rescaling coefficients provided in the product metadata file(MTL file). The following equation is used to convert DN values to TOAreflectance for OLI data:ρλ ' = M ρ Q cal + A ρwhere:ρλ ' = TOA planetary reflectance, without correction for solar angle.M ρ = Band-specific multiplicative rescaling factor from the metadata(REFLECTANCE_MULT_BAND_x, where x is the band number)A ρ = Band-specific additive rescaling factor from the metadata(REFLECTANCE_ADD_BAND_x, where x is the band number)188
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1. What Is PANCROMA TM ? ..........
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Compute Single Histogram...........
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67. Tutorial - Pan Sharpening Full
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2. What Useful Things Can PANCROMA
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4. PANCROMA TM Features____________
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5. System Requirements_____________
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7. Getting Started_________________
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Each color and NIR band channel con
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determine if one number is differen
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will be shown at the bottom of the
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12. File I/O_______________________
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13. System Variables_______________
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14. Display________________________
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15. The PANCROMA User Interface____
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not find this file , you will be pr
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If you check the ‘Generate Graysc
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19. Image Subsetting_______________
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IMPORTANT NOTE: There is a check bo
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IMPORTANT NOTE: Saving and opening
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When the Input Box becomes visible,
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20. Batch Subsetting_______________
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21. Quick Start - Pan Sharpening an
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During the internal processing of t
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is unlikely that the settings will
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The default method is checked. The
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around 4000 rows by 4000 columns. I
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the ‘Pan Sharpening Pre Processin
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lowerLimit upperLimitThe following
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Another type of unwanted artifact i
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matching algorithm to be applied. T
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25. ENHG Algorithm - Manual Method_
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The next image is the result of pan
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26. ENHG Algorithm - Automatic Meth
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Next, compute the XIONG file. Open
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The XIONG algorithm is one of the m
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29. AJISANE Algorithm______________
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An example of a pan sharpened image
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The spectral match is indicated by
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You must be careful when selecting
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31. ELIN Local Optimization Algorit
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IMPORTANT NOTE: Regions of high con
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Add the green band and the red band
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33. Pan Sharpen Batch File Processi
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34. Working with SPOT® Data_______
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the special image processing utilit
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35. Working with ASTER Data________
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36. Working with Formosat-2 Data___
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100
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ALI data is similar to Landsat with
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38. Working with Digital Globe® Da
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spectral transmission of the telesc
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ow. Make sure you check this before
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40. Working with Landsat Surface Re
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41. Working with Landsat GEOCOVER D
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foreground and background applicati
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GEOCOVER can offer a very attractiv
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After navigation and selecting your
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Although not designed as a data sou
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44. Working with USGS DOQQ and NAPP
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46. Working with MODIS Surface Refl
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47. Working with RapidEye Data_____
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The Transfer method processes the f
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using the PANCROMA TM ‘Preprocess
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and band 5 (MIR) also be input. Thi
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Page 137 and 138: 50. Automatic Image Registration of
Page 139 and 140: The next two images are the registe
Page 141 and 142: At the present time, PANCROMA TM ca
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Page 147 and 148: ‘File’ | ‘Open’. After your
Page 149 and 150: Haze reduction may be useful in con
Page 151 and 152: Save your image using GeoTiff file
Page 153 and 154: The correction is made according to
Page 155 and 156: 54. Image Processing Utilities - Gr
Page 157 and 158: Input Channel Adjust Group Utility
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Page 163 and 164: 57. Image Processing Utilities - Pa
Page 165 and 166: Channel Level AdjustPANCROMA TM pro
Page 167 and 168: ENHG Scale FactorThe ENHG slider ba
Page 169 and 170: 59. Image Preprocessing____________
Page 171 and 172: select ‘File’ | ‘Open’ and
Page 173 and 174: Analyzer. Doubling is done by first
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Page 177 and 178: There are a few rules of thumb rega
Page 179 and 180: You will need three control points
Page 181 and 182: • image resampling• geometric m
Page 183 and 184: ROWS groupsFirst row of dataSecond
Page 185 and 186: Where QCAL are the calibrated image
Page 187: When you select ‘OK’ the surfac
Page 191 and 192: Q cal = Quantized and calibrated st
Page 193 and 194: A section of a SPOT metadata file s
Page 195 and 196: Temperature (measured in degrees Ke
Page 197 and 198: Calibration requires multiplication
Page 199 and 200: NIR band, band 2 (green) and band 3
Page 201 and 202: and 1 (Brightness, a measure of soi
Page 203 and 204: X-Y Band Scatter PlotsA scatter plo
Page 205 and 206: presented. Check the ‘Compute Lin
Page 207 and 208: PANCROMA TM has a utility for regre
Page 209 and 210: 60. Image Post Processing__________
Page 211 and 212: You can adjust weighting factors fo
Page 213 and 214: Unsupervised ClassificationUnsuperv
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Page 217 and 218: Grayscale and Color Image TilingIt
Page 219 and 220: GeoreferencingPANCROMA TM has a uti
Page 221 and 222: 61. Spectral Analysis______________
Page 223 and 224: When you click ‘OK’, the select
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Page 227 and 228: PANCROMA TM computed that the cover
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Page 231 and 232: SPOT ® Point Spectrum Generator TM
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The next step is to overlay the Lan
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http://www.science.aster.ersdac.or.
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Although the run was not successful
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The pan sharpened image was created
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Now select ‘Spectral Analysis’
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RapidEye ® Spectral Analyzer TMSpe
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Click ‘OK’. The TOA Reflectance
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The second plot is shown below, dis
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have to rationalize the file sizes.
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Euclidean Distance Fraction TM Anal
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The idea is to adjust the included
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In addition to Landsat 7, Spectral
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Low numbers mean high discriminatio
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Copyright USGSAlthough this data is
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Note that the band 6 (TIR) track ba
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higher (whiter) the grayscale pixel
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The table with the manually input r
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this does not correspond to physica
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L71005068_06820030919_B10.TIFL71005
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L71005068_06820040804_B50.TIFL71005
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The parameters are as follows:Compu
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Object Oriented ClassificationPANCR
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to the other. For example a filter
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carefully. PANCROMA TM is able to p
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Landsat imageImage magnitude spectr
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Considerable smoothing has occurred
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IMPORTANT NOTE: In reality, the con
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The following is an example of an i
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In order to deconvolve using fixed
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63. Writing an Index File for an SR
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It will be saved as a .dat file. A
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64. Processing Huge Files and File
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My area of interest for this image
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306
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Now we will start the pan sharpenin
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66. Tutorial - Pan Sharpened Image
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The next step will be to create an
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The panchromatic image is the one i
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And my result looked like this:As y
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67. Tutorial - Pan Sharpening Full
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68. Tutorial - Gap Filling using Tr
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You can use the 'Max Cloud' drop do
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'Enter' and the Adjust file will be
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PANCROMA TM does the rest after tha
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70. Tutorial - Gap Filling using Ha
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Another reason to keep the Search E
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Gap Filled Grayscale ImageGap Fille
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When you do so a batch processing d
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The images below show subsets taken
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340
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It is also apparent that the graysc
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73. Tutorial - Six File TERAS Batch
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common areas of both scenes. See th
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348
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Use the checked image processing ut
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IssuesAlthough the gap filling proc
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76. Tutorial - Pan Sharpening Lands
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77. Tutorial - Image Processing Wor
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From Next PageSection 13Subset One
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I again selected ‘Close Graphic I
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I then selected ‘Pan Sharpening
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the vegetation tones are still norm
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Reduction’ and then ‘Apply Cont
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acquired during different seasons o
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This image is better than the Trans
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I also prepared an image using the
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Full sized Landsat scenes can be pr
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78. Tutorial - Improving Image Qual
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The following image is the RGB colo
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Press ‘OK’. The transformed gra
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However it is close enough to illus
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The second image is a straightforwa
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It is also possible to combine the
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80. Pan Sharpened Image: Landsat Mo
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82. Pan Sharpened Image: Landsat De
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88. Pan Sharpened Image: EO-1 Mount
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Multiple Linear Regression, 205Mult
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