User Manual - pancroma

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Each color and NIR band channel contains only 25% of the pixels and visualinformation as compared to the panchromatic channel. If there were a way tocombine the color information in these channels with the higher resolution imageinformation in the panchromatic channel then it would be possible to producecolor images at the higher (15m) resolution. There is a way, and it is what thePANCROMA TM algorithms do: produce a color 15m resolution RGB image bycombining RGB color information in ETM+ bands 1, 2, 3 and image information inthe panchromatic channel using appropriate image fusion techniques. The resultis a 15m color image with colors that can closely approach those of the lowerresolution images produced by combining the band data. Because Landsatcovers virtually the entire earth, you can produce such images for any area thatinterests you. And unlike image data extracted from sources such as GoogleEarth, Landsat is copyright free.15
9. Landsat 8 Data Sets________________________________________________________________Landsat 8 was successfully launched on February 11, 2013 from Vandenberg AirForce Base in California. It initially achieved stable orbit with its sensors turnedoff. It was gradually maneuvered into its final orbit with its sensors completelypowered up in May, 2013.There are many similarities between Landsat 8 and its predecessor, Landsat 7and significant differences as well. The biggest difference is that Landsat 8works. Landsat 7 has a so-called whiskbroom sensor, meaning that it has amechanical scanning mirror that sweeps from one side of the forward path to theother, successively directing points along the swept path to the sensor. Asowners of computer hard drives know, mechanical elements of electronicsystems are always the weak link and are prone to early failure. That is whathappened to the scanning mirror (actually the scanning mirror corrector calledthe SLC) in 2003. Since that time Landsat images have black stripes of missingdata that must be patched in order to create useful images.Landsat 8 in contrast has what is sometimes called a push broom sensor. Itconsists of an array of sensors called a Sensor Chip Assembly (SCA) that eachcollect data for part of the swath. As a result there are no mechanical parts andthis sensor should be much more reliable. The main Landsat 8 SCA is shownschematically below.The most obvious specification difference to the user between Landsat 8 andLandsat 7 is the dynamic range of the digital number (DNs) output from thesensors. Landsat 7 has 8 bits of dynamic range while Landsat 8 has 12. Thisdoes not mean that Landsat 8 is more accurate than Landsat 7, or that it canreport back a larger number (since any number can be scaled infinitely large). Itmeans that the numbers it returns are known more precisely. Landsat 7 canreport 256 discrete levels of sensed electromagnetic radiation (2 8 =256) whileLandsat 8 can report 2 12 =4096 levels. Essentially, Landsat 7 measures thingswith a ruler that has 256 gradients on it while Landsat 8 measures things with4096 gradients on its ruler. This can theoretically be very useful when trying to16
Page 2 and 3: 1. What Is PANCROMA TM ? ..........
Page 4 and 5: Compute Single Histogram...........
Page 6 and 7: 67. Tutorial - Pan Sharpening Full
Page 8 and 9: 2. What Useful Things Can PANCROMA
Page 10 and 11: 4. PANCROMA TM Features____________
Page 12 and 13: 5. System Requirements_____________
Page 14 and 15: 7. Getting Started_________________
Page 18: determine if one number is differen
Page 21 and 22: will be shown at the bottom of the
Page 23 and 24: 12. File I/O_______________________
Page 25 and 26: 13. System Variables_______________
Page 27: 14. Display________________________
Page 30 and 31: 15. The PANCROMA User Interface____
Page 32: not find this file , you will be pr
Page 35 and 36: If you check the ‘Generate Graysc
Page 38 and 39: 19. Image Subsetting_______________
Page 40 and 41: IMPORTANT NOTE: There is a check bo
Page 42 and 43: IMPORTANT NOTE: Saving and opening
Page 44 and 45: When the Input Box becomes visible,
Page 46 and 47: 20. Batch Subsetting_______________
Page 48 and 49: 21. Quick Start - Pan Sharpening an
Page 50 and 51: During the internal processing of t
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25. ENHG Algorithm - Manual Method_
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The next image is the result of pan
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26. ENHG Algorithm - Automatic Meth
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Next, compute the XIONG file. Open
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The XIONG algorithm is one of the m
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29. AJISANE Algorithm______________
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An example of a pan sharpened image
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The spectral match is indicated by
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You must be careful when selecting
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31. ELIN Local Optimization Algorit
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IMPORTANT NOTE: Regions of high con
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Add the green band and the red band
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33. Pan Sharpen Batch File Processi
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34. Working with SPOT® Data_______
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the special image processing utilit
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35. Working with ASTER Data________
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36. Working with Formosat-2 Data___
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100
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ALI data is similar to Landsat with
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38. Working with Digital Globe® Da
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spectral transmission of the telesc
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ow. Make sure you check this before
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40. Working with Landsat Surface Re
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41. Working with Landsat GEOCOVER D
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foreground and background applicati
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GEOCOVER can offer a very attractiv
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After navigation and selecting your
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Although not designed as a data sou
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44. Working with USGS DOQQ and NAPP
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46. Working with MODIS Surface Refl
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47. Working with RapidEye Data_____
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The Transfer method processes the f
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using the PANCROMA TM ‘Preprocess
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and band 5 (MIR) also be input. Thi
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134
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50. Automatic Image Registration of
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The next two images are the registe
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At the present time, PANCROMA TM ca
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Since only a portion of EMR reachin
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144
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‘File’ | ‘Open’. After your
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Haze reduction may be useful in con
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Save your image using GeoTiff file
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The correction is made according to
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54. Image Processing Utilities - Gr
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Input Channel Adjust Group Utility
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55. Image Processing Utilities - SP
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56. Image Processing Utilities - AS
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57. Image Processing Utilities - Pa
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Channel Level AdjustPANCROMA TM pro
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ENHG Scale FactorThe ENHG slider ba
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59. Image Preprocessing____________
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select ‘File’ | ‘Open’ and
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Analyzer. Doubling is done by first
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high pixel brightness in one image
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There are a few rules of thumb rega
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You will need three control points
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• image resampling• geometric m
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ROWS groupsFirst row of dataSecond
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Where QCAL are the calibrated image
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When you select ‘OK’ the surfac
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The rendering below shows a color t
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Q cal = Quantized and calibrated st
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A section of a SPOT metadata file s
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Temperature (measured in degrees Ke
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Calibration requires multiplication
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NIR band, band 2 (green) and band 3
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and 1 (Brightness, a measure of soi
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X-Y Band Scatter PlotsA scatter plo
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presented. Check the ‘Compute Lin
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PANCROMA TM has a utility for regre
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60. Image Post Processing__________
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You can adjust weighting factors fo
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Unsupervised ClassificationUnsuperv
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214
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Grayscale and Color Image TilingIt
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GeoreferencingPANCROMA TM has a uti
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61. Spectral Analysis______________
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When you click ‘OK’, the select
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The plot shows all of the computed
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PANCROMA TM computed that the cover
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Landsat Reflectance Point Spectrum
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SPOT ® Point Spectrum Generator TM
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will become disabled and the Color
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When the ‘Zoom Disabled’ radio
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Digital spectra are recorded for mi
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The next step is to overlay the Lan
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http://www.science.aster.ersdac.or.
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Although the run was not successful
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The pan sharpened image was created
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Now select ‘Spectral Analysis’
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RapidEye ® Spectral Analyzer TMSpe
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Click ‘OK’. The TOA Reflectance
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The second plot is shown below, dis
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have to rationalize the file sizes.
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Euclidean Distance Fraction TM Anal
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The idea is to adjust the included
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In addition to Landsat 7, Spectral
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Low numbers mean high discriminatio
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Copyright USGSAlthough this data is
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Note that the band 6 (TIR) track ba
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higher (whiter) the grayscale pixel
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The table with the manually input r
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this does not correspond to physica
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L71005068_06820030919_B10.TIFL71005
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L71005068_06820040804_B50.TIFL71005
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278
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The parameters are as follows:Compu
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Object Oriented ClassificationPANCR
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to the other. For example a filter
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carefully. PANCROMA TM is able to p
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Landsat imageImage magnitude spectr
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Considerable smoothing has occurred
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IMPORTANT NOTE: In reality, the con
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The following is an example of an i
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In order to deconvolve using fixed
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63. Writing an Index File for an SR
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It will be saved as a .dat file. A
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64. Processing Huge Files and File
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My area of interest for this image
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306
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Now we will start the pan sharpenin
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66. Tutorial - Pan Sharpened Image
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The next step will be to create an
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The panchromatic image is the one i
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And my result looked like this:As y
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67. Tutorial - Pan Sharpening Full
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68. Tutorial - Gap Filling using Tr
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You can use the 'Max Cloud' drop do
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'Enter' and the Adjust file will be
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326
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PANCROMA TM does the rest after tha
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70. Tutorial - Gap Filling using Ha
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Another reason to keep the Search E
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Gap Filled Grayscale ImageGap Fille
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When you do so a batch processing d
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The images below show subsets taken
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340
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It is also apparent that the graysc
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73. Tutorial - Six File TERAS Batch
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common areas of both scenes. See th
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348
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Use the checked image processing ut
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IssuesAlthough the gap filling proc
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76. Tutorial - Pan Sharpening Lands
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77. Tutorial - Image Processing Wor
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From Next PageSection 13Subset One
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I again selected ‘Close Graphic I
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I then selected ‘Pan Sharpening
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the vegetation tones are still norm
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Reduction’ and then ‘Apply Cont
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acquired during different seasons o
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This image is better than the Trans
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I also prepared an image using the
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Full sized Landsat scenes can be pr
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78. Tutorial - Improving Image Qual
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The following image is the RGB colo
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Press ‘OK’. The transformed gra
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However it is close enough to illus
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The second image is a straightforwa
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It is also possible to combine the
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80. Pan Sharpened Image: Landsat Mo
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82. Pan Sharpened Image: Landsat De
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88. Pan Sharpened Image: EO-1 Mount
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Multiple Linear Regression, 205Mult
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