UNDERWAY REPLENISHMENT NWP 4-01.4 - Historic Naval Ships ...

NWP 4-01.42. One reserve radio transmitter capable of batteryoperation, with frequency range and crystals thesame as for the main radio transmitter.3. One HF radio transmitter; minimum frequencyrange 2 to 24 MHz.4. One transmitting automatic alarm keyer system.5. One main radio receiver; minimum frequencyranges and types of reception are 100 to 200kHz, A-1/A-2; 405 to 535 kHz, A-1/A-2; 485 to515 kHz, Class B.6. One reserve radio receiver capable of battery operation;minimum frequency ranges and types ofreception are 405 to 535 kHz, A-1/A-2; 485 to515 kHz, Class B.7. Two HF radio receivers; minimum frequencyrange 2 to 24 MHz, with types A-1/A-2/A-3 reception.Industry tankers may have only onesuch receiver separate from the main receiver.8. One receiving automatic alarm system.9. One HF radiotelephone set; minimum frequencyrange 2 to 30 MHz; with A3J emissionand reception.10. One VHF FM radiotelephone set; frequencyrange 156 to 162 MHz, with type F3 emissionand reception. Preferred channels are 13 or 16.11. One HF radioteletype transmit/receive systemwith type F1 emission and with selective calling(SELCAL) and error correction (SITOR) devicesinstalled in the system. Minimum frequencyrange is 2 to 30 MHz and minimum transmitter RFpower output is 1,000 watts.12. One INMARSAT terminal with bridge voice remoteunit.5.8.3.4 Cryptosystem. Industry-owned tankers donot have cryptographic capability. USNS tanker mastershold clearance for Confidential material. Classifiedmessages to these tankers can be relayed via a shore establishmentboarding officer if operational schedulepermits.5.8.3.5 Communication Publications. Tankershold H.O. 102, International Code of Signals. Tankersdo not hold ACP 131, Communication Instructions —Operating Signals.5.8.4 Course and Speed for Alongside Refueling.When rendezvous has been effected, the navalcommander designates the course and speed for theFAS operation. The course and speed most favorablefor the tanker are preferred, because the tanker’s refuelingstations are often on the main deck. It is preferablefor the tanker to be on the lee side of the fleet unit. Thefleet unit makes the approach and adjusts course andspeed to maintain station on the tanker.5.8.4.1 Course1. The tanker maintains the prescribed course andkeeps the fleet unit informed at all times of thecourse being steered. The helmsman must maintainheading within 1° or 2° of the designated course.2. Experienced helmsmen must be used during refuelingoperations. Normally, the three besthelmsmen should be used to relieve each otherevery half hour, except when it appears more advantageousto use a different arrangement becauseof the estimated refueling time or theavailability of experienced helmsmen. An experiencedhelmsman should be assigned to monitorthe actions of the helmsman.3. Steering control should be by hand. The automaticgyropilot may be used if conditions aresuch that the master determines he can maintainsafe and effective steering control. When the automaticgyropilot is used, an experienced helmsmanmust be on station, alert, and ready to shiftto hand-steering (either electric or hydraulic ifnecessary).5.8.4.2 Speed. The tanker maintains the prescribedspeed as agreed upon with the naval commander.Normally, a refueling speed of 12 to 14 knots will allow(1) the tanker to use maximum pumping rates and (2)the fleet unit to maneuver and maintain station effectively.Higher speeds may be obtained, depending onthe capabilities of units involved.5.8.4.3 Station-Keeping Alongside5.8.4.3.1 Distance Between Ships. The distancebetween ships that is best for safety and operationalpurposes varies with the wind and sea conditions, themaneuverability of the ship alongside, and the type oftransfer rig. See Figure 2-3 for prescribed distances betweenships for the transfer rig used. Optimum distancebetween ships is 100 feet (30.4 m) for the normalspanwire rig. When using the fuel STREAM rig, distancebetween ships should be 150 to 200 feet (45.7 to 60.9 m).5-34 ORIGINAL