LILIACEAE - China

1. Iphigenia indica Kunth, Enum. Pl. 4: 213. 1843.山 慈 菇 shan ci guLloydia melanantha H. Léveillé.Corm globose, 0.5–1.5 cm in diam. Stem 10–25 cm, usuallyminutely papillose. Leaves linear, 7–15 cm × 3–9 mm,midvein conspicuous, base sheathing and clasping. Corymb 2–10-flowered; bracts linear, 1.5–2.5 cm; pedicels 2–4 cm. Tepalsdark purple, linear to narrowly oblanceolate, 7–10 × 0.7–1 mm.Stamens 2–3 mm; filaments papillose; anthers ca. 1 mm.Stigma lobes recurved. Capsule obovoid to oblong, 6–8 × 3–3.5mm. Fl. and fr. Jun–Jul. 2n = 22, (26, 33), 44.Pinus forests, moist grasslands, open fields; near sea level to 2100m. Hainan, Yunnan [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Nepal,Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; N Australia].27. GLORIOSA Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 305. 1753.嘉 兰 属 jia lan shuChen Xinqi ( 陈 心 启 Chen Sing-chi); Minoru N. TamuraHerbs perennial, with a stout, tuberous rhizome. Stem sometimes branched, usually elongate and scandent. Leaves cauline, alternate,opposite, or whorled, subsessile, apex bearing a tendril. Flowers few, long pedicellate, sometimes in a corymb, large, showy.Tepals 6, free, spreading or reflexed, persistent. Stamens 6, inserted at base of tepals; filaments filiform; anthers versatile. Ovary 3-loculed; ovules many per locule. Style long, filiform, apically 3-lobed, adaxially stigmatic. Fruit a capsule. Seeds subglobose; testabright red, spongy.About five species: Sand tropical Africa, tropical Asia; one species in China.1. Gloriosa superba Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 305. 1753.嘉 兰 jia lanRhizome usually forked, ca. 1 cm in diam., fleshy. Stemscandent, 2–3 m or more, rather slender. Leaves alternate oroccasionally also opposite, sessile or shortly petiolate, lanceolateto ovate-lanceolate, 7–13 cm, apex long caudate with a tendril.Flowers nodding;pedicel 10–15 cm.Tepals reflexed, brightred, proximally tinged with yellow, linear-oblanceolate, 4.5–5cm × 7–9 mm, base slightly clawed, margin much crisped.Filaments 3–4 cm; anthers ca. 1 cm. Style 2.5–3.5 cm; stigmalobes 6–7 mm. Fl. Jul–Aug. 2n = 22, 88, 90.Forests, thickets; 900–1300 m. S Yunnan [Cambodia, India, Indonesia,Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam;S and tropical Africa].The rhizomes are rich in the alkaloid colchicine.28. EREMURUS Marschall von Bieberstein, Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 3: 269. 1819.Henningia Karelin & Kirilov.独 尾 草 属 du wei cao shuChen Xinqi ( 陈 心 启 Chen Sing-chi); Nicholas J. TurlandHerbs perennial, with vertical, short, stout rhizome, surrounded at neck by leaf bases and sometimes also fibers from old, disintegratedleaf bases. Roots numerous, long, thickened, fleshy. Leaves several, all basal, tufted, linear. Scape simple, erect, exceedingleaves, with sterile bracts distally and a terminal raceme. Raceme usually densely many flowered, usually elongate in fruit; bractsmembranous, margin often minutely serrulate, fimbriate, or ciliate, apex often long filiform acuminate. Flowers bisexual, 1 per bractaxil, pedicellate; pedicel articulate or not. Perianth campanulate, tubular, or cupular; segments 6, free or connate at base, with 1, 3, or5 veins. Stamens 6, often exserted; filaments filiform or dilated toward base; anthers dorsifixed near base, base with 2 lobes to 0.5mm. Ovary 3-loculed; seeds several per locule. Style filiform, long, often conspicuously persistent in fruit; stigma very small. Fruit acapsule, globose or subglobose, loculicidal. Seeds irregularly 3-angled, sometimes winged along angles.About 45 species: C and W Asia, extending E to China and W to Turkey and Ukraine; four species (one endemic) in China.1a. Bract margin entire or densely and minutely serrulate to fimbriate; pedicels spreading or slightly ascending, 1–3.5cm, slender ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4. E. chinensis1b. Bract margin sparsely or densely long ciliate; pedicels ascending to suberect, stout (or, if slender, only 1–1.5 cm).2a. Perianth broadly campanulate, segments ca. 1.5 × 0.8 cm; capsule 1.5–2 cm in diam., valves thick and hardor spongy; pedicels 2–4 cm ................................................................................................................................ 3. E. anisopterus2b. Perianth narrowly campanulate or ± tubular, segments 0.8–1.2 × 0.2–0.45 cm; capsule 0.6–1 cm in diam.,valves rather thin and soft; pedicels 0.6–1.5 cm.3a. Perianth narrowly campanulate, segments pale yellow to brownish, obviously involute immediatelyafter anthesis; stamens conspicuously exserted from perianth by up to 8 mm; pedicels ascending, notsubappressed to rachis, slender; bract margin sparsely long ciliate .................................................................. 1. E. altaicus3b. Perianth ± tubular, segments pale purple, scarcely or not involute immediately after anthesis; stamens