Lilium nanum Klotzsch var. brevistylum S. Yun Liang in F.T. Wang & Tang, Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 14: 283. 1980.Bulb oblong, 1.5–2 cm in diam.; scales purple, lanceolate,2–3 cm × 5–7 mm. Stem 20–35 cm, glabrous. Leaves scattered,linear or narrowly lanceolate, 3–5 cm × 2–5 mm. Flower solitary,nodding, campanulate. Tepals yellow, tinged pale purplishand with purple spots adaxially; outer ones elliptic-lanceolate,2–2.2 cm × 5–8 mm; inner ones somewhat wider; nectarieswith fimbriate projections on both surfaces. Stamensconverging apically; filaments 8–10 mm, glabrous; anthers 4–5mm. Ovary ca. 1 cm × 4 mm. Style very short, ca. 1 mm. Fl.Jun.Forest margins; ca. 4300 m. SE Xizang (Zayü Xian).11. Lilium concolor Salisbury, Parad. Lond. 1: t. 47. 1806.渥 丹 wo danBulb ovoid, (1.5–)2–3.5 cm in diam.; scales white, ovateor ovate-lanceolate, 2–2.5(–3.5) × 1–1.5(–3) cm. Stem occasionallytinged purple near base, 30–50(–80) cm, papillose,rooting near bulb. Leaves scattered, sessile, linear, (2–)3–7(–10)cm × 2–10 mm, veins and margin papillose, apex acute. Flowers1–5 in a subumbel or raceme, erect. Tepals stellately spreading,deep red, spotted or unspotted, oblong-lanceolate to oblanceolate,2.2–5.2 cm × 4–14 mm; nectaries papillose on bothsurfaces. Stamens converging; filaments 1.8–2 cm, glabrous;anthers ca. 7 mm. Ovary 1–1.2 cm × 2–3 mm. Style 7–9 mm.Capsule oblong, (1.5–)3–3.5 × ca. 2.2 cm.Fl. May–Jul, fr. Aug–Sep.Moist places in forests, thickets, moist meadows, grassy slopes,hillsides, sunny grasslands; 300–2200 m. Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan,Hubei, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Yunnan[Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Russia (Far East, E Siberia)].1a. Tepals unspotted ..................................... 11a. var. concolor1b. Tepals spotted.2a. Tepals (25–)28–35(–40) × (5–)6–9(–10) mm ................................... 11b. var. pulchellum2b. Tepals 50–52 × 8–14 mm ...... 11c. var. megalanthum11a. Lilium concolor var. concolor渥 丹 ( 原 变 种 ) wo dan (yuan bian zhong)Lilium concolor var. sinicum (Lindley & Paxton) J. D.Hooker; L. concolor var. uniflorum Spae; L. mairei H. Léveillé;L. sinicum Lindley & Paxton.Leaves 3.5–7 cm × 3–6 mm. Tepals unspotted, 2.2–4 cm ×4–7 mm. 2n = 24*.Thickets, grassy slopes, hillsides; 300–2000 m. Hebei, Henan,Hubei, Jilin, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Yunnan.The bulbs are medicinal and edible.11b. Lilium concolor var. pulchellum (Fischer) Regel, Gartenflora25: 354. 1876.有 斑 百 合 you ban bai heLilium pulchellum Fischer in Fischer et al., Index Sem.Hort. Petrop. 6: 56. 1840; L. buschianum Loddiges; L. concolorvar. buschianum (Loddiges) Baker.Leaves (2–)3–4.5(–7) cm × 2–3(–6) mm. Tepals spotted,(2.5–)2.8–3.5(–4) cm × (5–)6–9(–10) mm. 2n = 24.Moist places in forests, sunny grasslands; 600–2200 m. Hebei,Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shandong, Shanxi [Japan,Korea, Mongolia, Russia (Far East, E Siberia)].11c. Lilium concolor var. megalanthum F. T. Wang & Tang,Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 14: 283. 1980.大 花 百 合 da hua bai heLilium megalanthum (F. T. Wang & Tang) Q. S. Sun.Leaves 5–8.5 cm × 5–10 mm. Tepals with purple spots, 5–5.2 × 0.8–1.4 cm.Moist meadows; ca. 500 m. Jilin.12. Lilium dauricum Ker Gawler, Bot. Mag. 30: t. 1210. 1809.毛 百 合 mao bai heLilium maculatum Thunberg subsp. dauricum (Ker Gawler)H. Hara; L. pensylvanicum Ker Gawler; L. pseudodahuricumM. Fedossejew & S. Fedossejew.Bulb ovoid-globose, ca. 2 cm in diam.; scales white,broadly lanceolate, 1–1.4 cm × 5–6 mm, articulate or not. Stem(30–)50–70(–120) cm, not papillose. Leaves scattered plus 4 or5 in a whorl at apex of stem, sessile, linear, rarely to lanceolate,4–5 cm × 3–4(–25) mm, 3–5-veined, margin papillose, sometimesalso sparsely white woolly, base with a cluster of whitewoolly hairs. Flowers 1 or 2(–6). Tepals vermilion or red, withpurple-red spots, rarely with yellow claws; outer ones oblanceolate,(3–)7–9 × 1.5–2.3 cm, abaxially white woolly, sometimesglabrous; inner ones slightly narrower; nectaries deeppurple papillose on both surfaces. Stamens converging; filamentsca. 5 cm; anthers ca. 1 cm. Ovary ca. 1.8 cm. Style ca. 4cm. Capsule oblong, ca. 5 × 3 cm. Fl. Jun–Jul, fr. Aug–Sep.2n = 24*.Open forests, bushy slopes, hillsides, moist meadows; 400–1500m. Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol [Japan, Korea,Mongolia, Russia (Far East, E Siberia)].13. Lilium henrici Franchet, J. Bot. (Morot) 12: 220. 1898.墨 江 百 合 mo jiang bai heBulb ovoid or subglobose, ca. 4 cm in diam.; scales lanceolate,2.5–4 × 0.8–1.5 cm. Stem 60–120 cm. Leaves scattered,narrowly lanceolate, 12–15 × 0.9–1.4 cm, glabrous, 3-veined. Flowers usually 5 or 6 in a raceme, open campanulate.Tepals white, with an obvious, purple-red or deep purple-redblotch at base adaxially, sometimes also with purple-red speckles,suboblong-lanceolate, 3.5–5 × 1.2–1.4(–2) cm; nectariesgreen, not papillose. Stamens converging apically; filaments ca.2 cm, glabrous; anthers ca. 1 cm. Ovary 0.9–1.3 cm × 2–3 mm.Style 1.5–2.2 cm. Fl. Jun–Jul.Mixed forests; ca. 2800 m. W Sichuan, NW Yunnan.1a. Tepals with an obvious, deep purple-redblotch at base adaxially ............................ 13a. var. henrici1b. Inner tepals with a large, purple-red blotch
at base adaxially and a few purple-redspeckles, outer ones each with a purpleredblotch only ................................... 13b. var. maculatum13a. Lilium henrici var. henrici墨 江 百 合 ( 原 变 种 ) mo jiang bai he (yuan bian zhong)Lilium franchetianum H. Léveillé; Nomocharis henrici(Franchet) E. H. Wilson.Tepals with an obvious, deep purple-red blotch at baseadaxially.Mixed forests; ca. 2800 m. W Sichuan, NW Yunnan.13b. Lilium henrici var. maculatum (W. E. Evans) Woodcock& Stearn, Lilies World, 226. 1950.斑 块 百 合 ban kuai bai heNomocharis henrici (Franchet) E. H. Wilson f. maculataW. E. Evans, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 15: 194. 1926.Inner tepals with a large, purple-red blotch at base adaxiallyand a few purple-red speckles; outer ones each with a purple-redblotch only.NW Yunnan.14. Lilium bakerianum Collett & Hemsley, J. Linn. Soc., Bot.28: 138. 1890.滇 百 合 dian bai heBulb broadly ovoid to subglobose, ca. 2.5 cm in diam.;scales white, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 2–2.2 cm × 7–10 mm.Stem 60–90 cm, papillose. Leaves scattered, linear or linearlanceolate,4–7.5 cm × 4–7 mm, papillose at margin and onmidvein abaxially, sometimes white pubescent on both surfaces.Flowers 1–3, nodding or suberect, campanulate. Tepalswhite, greenish, yellow, pink, or purple, often with purple to redspots; outer ones lanceolate, 6.5–8.3 × 1.4–1.8 cm; inner onesslightly wider; nectaries not papillose. Stamens converging; filamentsca. 3 cm; anthers ca. 1.6 cm. Ovary 1.7–2 cm × 2–4mm. Style 2.2–2.6 cm. Capsule oblong, ca. 3.5 × 2.5 cm. Fl.Jun–Sep, fr. Sep–Oct.Pinus forests, forested and grassy slopes, forest and thicket margins,grasslands, hillsides along streams; 1500–3800 m. Guizhou, Sichuan,Yunnan [Myanmar].1a. Leaves white pubescent on bothsurfaces .............................................. 14e. var. yunnanense1b. Leaves glabrous.2a. Tepals white .............................. 14a. var. bakerianum2b. Tepals not white.3a. Tepals purple-red to pink ........ 14d. var. rubrum3b. Tepals pale yellow, yellow, brownishyellow, purplish yellow, yellowishgreen, or greenish.4a. Tepals pale yellow, yellow,brownish yellow, or purplishyellow, with purple or purple-redspots adaxially ................. 14b. var. aureum4b. Tepals yellowish green, paleyellow-green, greenish, or palegreen, with purple or bright redspots adaxially ............... 14c. var. delavayi14a. Lilium bakerianum var. bakerianum滇 百 合 ( 原 变 种 ) dian bai he (yuan bian zhong)Leaves glabrous. Tepals white, with purple-red spots adaxially.Forest margins; ca. 2800 m. W Sichuan, NW Yunnan [Myanmar].14b. Lilium bakerianum var. aureum Grove & Cotton, LilyYear Book 8: 127. 1939.金 黄 花 滇 百 合 jin huang hua dian bai heLeaves glabrous. Tepals pale yellow, yellow, brownishyellow, or purplish yellow, with purple or purple-red spotsadaxially.Thicket margins, grassy slopes; 2000–2500 m. SW Sichuan,NW Yunnan.14c. Lilium bakerianum var. delavayi (Franchet) E. H. Wilson,Lilies East. Asia 43. 1925.黄 绿 花 滇 百 合 huang lu hua dian bai heLilium delavayi Franchet, J. Bot. (Morot) 6: 314. 1892.Leaves glabrous. Tepals yellowish green, pale yellowgreen,greenish, or pale green, with purple or bright red spotsadaxially.Forested or grassy slopes; 2500–3800 m. Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan[Myanmar].14d. Lilium bakerianum var. rubrum Stearn, Gard. Chron.,ser. 3, 124: 4. 1948.紫 红 花 滇 百 合 zi hong hua dian bai heLilium linceorum H. Léveillé & Vaniot.Leaves glabrous. Tepals purple-red or pink, with purple orred spots adaxially.Forest margins, hillsides along streams, grassy slopes; 1500–2000 m. Guizhou, Yunnan.14e. Lilium bakerianum var. yunnanense (Franchet) Sealy exWoodcock & Stearn, Lilies World, 151. 1950.无 斑 滇 百 合 wu ban dian bai heLilium yunnanense Franchet, J. Bot. (Morot) 6: 314. 1892.Leaves white pubescent on both surfaces. Tepals white orpale rose, unspotted.Pinus forests, grasslands; 2000–2800 m. SW Sichuan, NWYunnan.15. Lilium sempervivoideum H. Léveillé, Bull. Acad. Int.Géogr. Bot. 25: 38. 1915.蒜 头 百 合 suan tou bai heLilium bakerianum Collett & Hemsley subsp. sempervivoideum(H.Léveillé) McKean.Bulb subglobose, 2.3–3 cm in diam.; scales lanceolate,
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34b. Stem very short; leaves basal
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simple, erect, usually with a few s
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ciflorus and S. spicatus Klotzsch);
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pendulous .........................
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ase, persistent. Stamens 6, free or
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Helonias umbellata (Baker) N. Tanak
- Page 18 and 19: 6-11 cm, adaxially sometimes with p
- Page 20 and 21: 小 重 楼 xiao chong louPlants 7-
- Page 22 and 23: 14b. Paris thibetica var. apetala H
- Page 24 and 25: slightly convex connective apically
- Page 26 and 27: when dried, not wrinkled adaxially
- Page 28 and 29: 80b. Flowers much smaller, tepals 2
- Page 30 and 31: 8. Smilax davidiana A. de Candolle
- Page 32 and 33: present. Leaf blade abaxially sligh
- Page 34 and 35: This species was misidentified in F
- Page 36 and 37: slightly shorter than petiole; umbe
- Page 38 and 39: 马 甲 菝 葜 ma jia ba qiaVines
- Page 40 and 41: Vines climbing, usually unarmed. St
- Page 42 and 43: 70. Smilax bauhinioides Kunth, Enum
- Page 44 and 45: 4a. Male umbel 5-9-flowered; filame
- Page 46 and 47: persistent tepals. Seeds many, glob
- Page 48 and 49: Imag. Descr. Fl. Russ. 8. 1844; Gag
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- Page 52 and 53: 1a. Bracts 2-4, much smaller than l
- Page 54 and 55: oblong to lanceolate, 2-2.5 cm × 6
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- Page 60 and 61: 甘 肃 贝 母 gan su bei muFritil
- Page 62 and 63: ather long, slender; stigma 3-lobed
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- Page 66 and 67: etween apical whorl and basal bract
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- Page 82 and 83: Tepals obliquely outward spreading,
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- Page 86 and 87: latipetalum Collett & Hemsley; D. p
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- Page 90 and 91: laysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines
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shores; 1900-3700 m. Xinjiang [Afgh
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昆 仑 韭 kun lun jiuBulbs cluste
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Bulb solitary or clustered, applana
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北 葱 bei congBulbs usually clust
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112. Allium songpanicum J. M. Xu in
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Style exserted. Fl. and fr. May-Jul
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Forests on shady slopes, sands, san
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stigma small. Fruit a capsule, glob
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90: 27. 1931.紫 萼 zi eBryocles v
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Tepals white, linear, membranous; o
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19a. Male flowers 2-4 mm; branches
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perianth yellowish green, campanula
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Asparagus soongoricus Iljin.Herbs d
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北 天 门 冬 bei tian men dongAs
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fr. Sep-Nov.Forests, bamboo forests
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Tovaria oleracea Baker, J. Linn. So
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nate at base, outer ones broadly ov
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2.5 mm. Style ca. 2 mm; stigma capi
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38b. Peduncle usually 1-1.5 cm; inf
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5-12(-17)-flowered; peduncle 3-5 cm
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Himal. Mts. 1: 380. 1839.对 叶
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mm. Perianth pale yellow, cylindric
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nan [Laos, Thailand, Vietnam].2. Di
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Convallaria keiskei Miquel; C. keis
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margin, free part very short. Ovary
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sometimes greenish, ovate to lanceo
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Liang Songyun ( 梁 松 筠 Liang S
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lobes with a white hollow on adaxia
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ar-lanceolate, 30-40 × 3-5 cm, lea
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26. Aspidistra cruciformis Y. Wan &
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Fl. Apr. 2n = 36*.SW Guangxi (Longz
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2.5 mm. Flowers solitary, sometimes
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17b. Plants less than 40 cm tall; t
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asal one 6-8 mm. Flowers solitary;
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2n = 36*, 72*.Dense forests, mossy
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Plants stoloniferous; stolons with
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ulate distally. Tepals purple, or w
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Stem 2-3 cm. Leaves 2 or 3; petiole