LILIACEAE - China
LILIACEAE - China LILIACEAE - China
2n = 36*, 72*.Dense forests, mossy forests, hillsides, valleys, stream banks,moist and shady places; 800–3200 m. Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan,Sichuan, NW Yunnan (Weixi Xian).18. Ophiopogon fooningensis F. T. Wang & L. K. Dai in F. T.Wang & Tang, Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 15: 252. 1978.富 宁 沿 阶 草 fu ning yan jie caoStem rhizomelike, elongate, stout, with dense nodes, usuallywith somewhat woody, white-hairy roots. Leaves somewhatcrowded and subterminal, abaxially slightly glaucous,grasslike, 30–50 cm × 4–6 mm, 7–9-veined, margin serrulate,white membranous at base. Scape arising from an apical leafaxil, much shorter than leaves. Inflorescence a reduced panicle,10–22-flowered; bracts ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, basal oneca. 6 mm. Flowers solitary or paired; pedicel ca. 4 mm, articulatedistally. Tepals purplish, oblong to ovate-lanceolate, ca. 6 ×2 mm. Filaments distinct, ca. 1 mm; anthers ca. 4 mm. Style ca.4.5 mm, slender. Fl. May. 2n = 36*.Evergreen broad-leaved forests; 1000–1600 m. SE Yunnan.One of us (Tamura) has never seen specimens of this speciesand, therefore, does not know the exact characteristics of the stem. Ifthe stem is not rhizomelike and the leaves are not only tufted subterminallybut also at distant nodes along the stem, then Ophiopogonfooningensis is similar to O. siamensis M. N. Tamura (Acta Phytotax.Geobot. 49: 27. 1998), from N Thailand. However, O. fooningensisflowers in May, whereas O. siamensis flowers in September and October.19. Ophiopogon platyphyllus Merrill & Chun, Sunyatsenia 2:211. 1935.宽 叶 沿 阶 草 kuan ye yan jie caoOphiopogon hainanensis Masamune.Stem rhizomelike, elongate, stout, with dense nodes andsomewhat woody roots. Leaves somewhat crowded and subterminal,subsessile, abaxially glaucous, linear-lanceolate, (24–)40–55 × 1.8–2.2 cm, leathery, margin membranous at base.Scape 12–16 cm. Inflorescence a reduced panicle, ca. 6 cm, 20–26-flowered; bracts ovate, basal one ca. 7 mm. Flowers usuallyin clusters of 2–4;pedicel 7–9 mm, articulate proximally. Tepalswhite, lanceolate to narrowly so, ca. 7 × 1.5–2 mm. Filamentsvery short; anthers ca. 6 mm. Style ca. 6 mm. Seeds oblong, ca.11 × 5 mm. Fl. May–Jun, fr. Jul–Aug.Forest, hillsidess, stream banks; 600–1800 m. Guangdong,Guangxi, Hainan.20.Ophiopogon latifolius L. Rodriguez, Bull. Soc. Bot. France75: 998. 1928.大 叶 沿 阶 草 da ye yan jie caoStem rhizomelike, elongate, stout, with dense nodes andsomewhat woody roots. Leaves somewhat crowded and subterminal,sessile, grasslike, 55–100 × 1–2.7 cm, leathery. Scape40–45 cm. Inflorescence a reduced panicle, 10–20(–25) cm,many flowered; bracts lanceolate to subulate, basal one 1–1.5cm. Flowers in clusters of 3 or 4; pedicel ca. 1 cm, articulatedistally. Tepals bluish, 5–6 mm, outer ones lanceolate, innerones ovate. Filaments very short; anthers ca. 3 mm. Style longerthan anthers, apically curved. Seeds subglobose. Fl. Aug. 2n =36*.Forests, moist places along valleys; 100–1200 m. Guangxi, SEYunnan [Vietnam].21. Ophiopogon grandis W. W. Smith, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard.Edinburgh 13: 171. 1921.大 沿 阶 草 da yan jie caoStem rhizomelike, elongate, 4–10 mm thick, stout, withdense nodes and relatively slender, hairy roots. Leaves somewhatcrowded and subterminal, grasslike, 25–55 cm × (4–)7–11mm, 5–9-veined, margin distinctly denticulate, white membranousat base. Scape 15–20 cm. Inflorescence a reduced panicle,7–8 mm, many flowered; bracts lanceolate to subulate, broadlymembranous at margin, basal one 2–4 cm. Flowers usuallypaired; pedicel 3–5 mm, articulate near middle. Tepals white,ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 8–9 × 2–2.5 mm, inner ones slightlynarrower than outer. Filaments distinct, ca. 1 mm; anthers 4–6mm. Style ca. 7 mm. Seeds ellipsoid, ca. 9 mm in diam. Fl.Jun–Jul, fr. Aug–Sep.Forests; 1800–2800 m. Guizhou, Yunnan.22. Ophiopogon mairei H. Léveillé, Repert. Spec. Nov. RegniVeg. 9: 78. 1910.西 南 沿 阶 草 xi nan yan jie caoAnemarrhena mairei (H. Léveillé) H. Léveillé.Roots numerous, long, soft, usually with fusiform, tuberouspart near tip. Stem rhizomelike, elongate, stout, with densenodes. Leaves somewhat crowded and subterminal, sessile,abaxially glaucous, grasslike or sword-shaped, 20–40 × 0.7–1.4cm, ca. 9-veined, margin serrulate, membranous at base. Scape10–15 cm. Inflorescence a reduced panicle, 5–7 cm, denselymany flowered; bracts subulate, basal one 5–7 mm. Flowerssolitary or paired; pedicel 3–5 mm, articulate near middle.Tepals white to blue, ovate, 4–5 × 1.5–2 mm. Filaments ca. 0.5mm; anthers ca. 2 mm. Style ca. 2.5 mm. Seeds bluish gray atmaturity, ellipsoid to ovoid-globose, ca. 8 mm in diam. Fl.May–Jul, fr. Jul–Aug. 2n = 36*.Forests, ravines, moist and shady places; 800–2100 m. Guizhou,Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan.23. Ophiopogon hongjiangensis Y. Y. Qian, Acta Bot. AustroSin. 9: 54. 1994.红 疆 沿 阶 草 hong jiang yan jie caoRoots numerous, ± long and thick. Stem not rhizomelike,short, with a few roots. Leaves in a single, subterminal tuft,grasslike; petiole 3–16 cm, winged; leaf blade adaxially deepgreen, abaxially glaucous, 15–60 cm × 7–13 mm, 11–15-veined,base attenuate, apex acute or obtuse. Scape 14–22 cm. Inflorescencea reduced panicle, 3–9 cm, 10–20-flowered; bractsovate-lanceolate, basal one 0.8–1.4 cm. Flowers in clusters of2–4, rarely solitary; pedicel 4–6 mm, articulate at middle or ±distally. Tepals white or pale purple, long ovate, 5–6 × 2–3 mm.Filaments ca. 0.5 mm; anthers pale green, lanceolate, 3–4 mm.Style 4–5 mm. Fl. Jul–Aug.
Forests; ca. 1100 m. S Yunnan (Jiangcheng Hani-Yi Zu Zizhixian).24. Ophiopogon stenophyllus (Merrill) L. Rodriguez, Bull.Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris), sér. 2, 6: 95. 1934.狭 叶 沿 阶 草 xia ye yan jie caoPeliosanthes stenophylla Merrill, Philipp. J. Sci. 13: 134.1918.Stem rhizomelike, stout, with dense nodes and somewhatwoody, densely hairy roots. Leaves somewhat crowded andsubterminal, subsessile, grasslike, 25–60 × (0.4–)0.7–1.3 cm,ca. 9-veined, margin serrulate, membranous at base. Scape 10–30 cm. Inflorescence a reduced panicle, 4–14 cm, usually ca.100-flowered; bracts lanceolate, basal one 0.8–1.5 cm.Flowers solitary or paired; pedicel 1–1.4 cm, articulate proximallyor at middle. Tepals white or purplish, ovate to lanceolate,ca. 6 × 2.5–3 mm. Filaments ca. 1 mm; anthers ca. 3 mm,sometimes ± connate. Style ca. 5 mm. Seeds ellipsoid, ca. 1 cmin diam. Fl. Jul–Sep, fr. Oct–Nov. 2n = 36*.Dense forests; 900–2300 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, SJiangxi, SE Yunnan.25. Ophiopogon bockianus Diels, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 254.1900.连 药 沿 阶 草 lian yao yan jie caoMondo bockianum (Diels) Farwell.Roots 1–3 mm thick, white hairy, sometimes with tuberouspart near tip. Stem rhizomelike, relatively short, more than1 cm thick, with dense nodes. Leaves somewhat crowded andsubterminal, subsessile, abaxially glaucous, suboblong, 20–30(–80) × (0.7–)1.4–2.2 cm, margin serrulate, membranous atbase. Scape 18–28 cm. Inflorescence a reduced panicle, 5–14cm, more than 10-flowered; bracts lanceolate, basal one 1.2–1.5cm. Flowers paired; pedicel 6–9 mm, articulate proximally.Tepals purplish, ovate, 6–7 × 2–3 mm, apex usually recurved orre-volute. Filaments very short; anthers 2.5–3 mm, connate.Style ca. 5 mm. Seeds ca. 10 × 8 mm. Fl. Jun–Jul, fr. Aug. 2n =36*.Forests, bamboo forests, hillsides along ravines, shady and humidplaces; 900–2100 m. Guangxi, NE Guizhou (Fanjing Shan), Hubei,Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan.26. Ophiopogon sinensis Y. Wan & C. C. Huang in Y. Wan,Acta Phytotax. Sin. 25: 398. 1987.中 华 沿 阶 草 zhong hua yan jie caoStem rhizomelike, relatively short, ca. 1 cm thick. Leavesnearly crowded and subterminal, indistinctly petiolate, oblanceolate-oblongto suboblong, 23–35 × 3.2–4 cm, apex obtuse.Scape ca. 14 cm. Inflorescence a reduced panicle, ca. 5 cm,several flowered; bracts ovate, basal one 5–7 mm. Flowerssolitary or paired; pedicel 1.2–1.5 cm, articulate proximally.Tepals white, tinged purplish at base, oblong, ca. 7 × 2.5 mm.Filaments very short; anthers ca. 4.5 mm, initially connate, laterfree. Style ca. 6 mm. Fl. Jul.Forests on limestone slopes; 1300–1400 m. Guangxi, SE Yunnan.27. Ophiopogon lushuiensis S. C. Chen, Acta Phytotax. Sin.26: 141. 1988.泸 水 沿 阶 草 lu shui yan jie caoStem rhizomelike, 7–9 cm × ca. 5 mm, with dense nodesand slender roots. Leaves somewhat crowded and subterminal,sessile, long linear, 20–35 cm × 2–3 mm, margin membranousat base. Scape 10–15 cm. Inflorescence a raceme, 4–7 cm, 7–12-flowered; bracts lanceolate, basal one 1–1.5 cm. Flowerssolitary; pedicel 3–4 mm, articulate at middle. Tepals oblong toovate, 5–8 × 3–5 mm, inner ones slightly wider than outer. Filamentsca. 0.8 mm; anthers 3–4 mm. Style ca. 4 mm. Fl. May.Evergreen broad-leaved forests, moist and shady places; 1900–3000 m. W Yunnan (Lushui Xian).28. Ophiopogon szechuanensis F. T. Wang & Tang, Fl. Reipubl.Popularis Sin. 15: 252. 1978.四 川 沿 阶 草 si chuan yan jie caoRoots relatively slender, sometimes with fusiform, tuberouspart near tip. Stem rhizomelike, stout, with dense nodes.Leaves somewhat crowded and subterminal, sessile, abaxiallyglaucous, grasslike, 25–60 cm × 5–11 mm, 5–9-veined, marginserrulate, membranous at base. Scape 13–26 cm. Inflorescencea raceme, 4–11 cm, several to many flowered; bracts lanceolate,basal one 0.8–1.6 cm. Flowers solitary; pedicel 7–9 mm, articulateproximally. Tepals purple or purplish red, ovate-lanceolate,8–9 × 2–2.5 mm. Filaments very short; anthers 6.5–7 mm,connate to form a cone. Style ca. 7 mm, slender. Fl. Jun–Jul. 2n= 36*.Moist places in sparse forests, hillsides along streams; 1000–2000 m. Sichuan, Yunnan.29. Ophiopogon peliosanthoides F. T. Wang & Tang, Fl. Reipubl.Popularis Sin. 15: 252. 1978.长 药 沿 阶 草 chang yao yan jie caoRhizome 1–2 cm. Roots slender, stiff, usually with fusiformor oblong, tuberous part near tip. Leaves basal or nearlyso, tufted; petiole 10–35 cm; leaf blade abaxially glaucous, oblong,10–15 × 3.2–3.8 cm, pinnate-parallel veined, with 4(–6)lateral veins running from midvein, margin ± wrinkled. Scapeca. 30 cm. Inflorescence a reduced panicle, ca. 13 cm, 20–25-flowered; bracts ovate, ca. 1 cm, margin membranous. Flowerssolitary or in clusters of 2 or 3; pedicel 5–11 mm, articulatenear middle. Tepals purple or white, lanceolate to narrowly so,1–1.2 cm × 1.5–2.5 mm. Filaments very short; anthers ca. 8mm. Style ca. 9 mm. Fl. May. 2n = 36*.Evergreen broad-leaved forests, bamboo forests, scrub forests,moist places in thickets; 1000–2100 m. Guangxi, SW Guizhou, SEYunnan.30. Ophiopogon clavatus C. H. Wright ex Oliver, Hooker’sIcon. Pl. 24: t. 2582. 1895.棒 叶 沿 阶 草 bang ye yan jie caoMondo clavatum (C. H. Wright ex Oliver) Farwell.
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Forests; ca. 1100 m. S Yunnan (Jiangcheng Hani-Yi Zu Zizhixian).24. Ophiopogon stenophyllus (Merrill) L. Rodriguez, Bull.Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris), sér. 2, 6: 95. 1934.狭 叶 沿 阶 草 xia ye yan jie caoPeliosanthes stenophylla Merrill, Philipp. J. Sci. 13: 134.1918.Stem rhizomelike, stout, with dense nodes and somewhatwoody, densely hairy roots. Leaves somewhat crowded andsubterminal, subsessile, grasslike, 25–60 × (0.4–)0.7–1.3 cm,ca. 9-veined, margin serrulate, membranous at base. Scape 10–30 cm. Inflorescence a reduced panicle, 4–14 cm, usually ca.100-flowered; bracts lanceolate, basal one 0.8–1.5 cm.Flowers solitary or paired; pedicel 1–1.4 cm, articulate proximallyor at middle. Tepals white or purplish, ovate to lanceolate,ca. 6 × 2.5–3 mm. Filaments ca. 1 mm; anthers ca. 3 mm,sometimes ± connate. Style ca. 5 mm. Seeds ellipsoid, ca. 1 cmin diam. Fl. Jul–Sep, fr. Oct–Nov. 2n = 36*.Dense forests; 900–2300 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, SJiangxi, SE Yunnan.25. Ophiopogon bockianus Diels, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 254.1900.连 药 沿 阶 草 lian yao yan jie caoMondo bockianum (Diels) Farwell.Roots 1–3 mm thick, white hairy, sometimes with tuberouspart near tip. Stem rhizomelike, relatively short, more than1 cm thick, with dense nodes. Leaves somewhat crowded andsubterminal, subsessile, abaxially glaucous, suboblong, 20–30(–80) × (0.7–)1.4–2.2 cm, margin serrulate, membranous atbase. Scape 18–28 cm. Inflorescence a reduced panicle, 5–14cm, more than 10-flowered; bracts lanceolate, basal one 1.2–1.5cm. Flowers paired; pedicel 6–9 mm, articulate proximally.Tepals purplish, ovate, 6–7 × 2–3 mm, apex usually recurved orre-volute. Filaments very short; anthers 2.5–3 mm, connate.Style ca. 5 mm. Seeds ca. 10 × 8 mm. Fl. Jun–Jul, fr. Aug. 2n =36*.Forests, bamboo forests, hillsides along ravines, shady and humidplaces; 900–2100 m. Guangxi, NE Guizhou (Fanjing Shan), Hubei,Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan.26. Ophiopogon sinensis Y. Wan & C. C. Huang in Y. Wan,Acta Phytotax. Sin. 25: 398. 1987.中 华 沿 阶 草 zhong hua yan jie caoStem rhizomelike, relatively short, ca. 1 cm thick. Leavesnearly crowded and subterminal, indistinctly petiolate, oblanceolate-oblongto suboblong, 23–35 × 3.2–4 cm, apex obtuse.Scape ca. 14 cm. Inflorescence a reduced panicle, ca. 5 cm,several flowered; bracts ovate, basal one 5–7 mm. Flowerssolitary or paired; pedicel 1.2–1.5 cm, articulate proximally.Tepals white, tinged purplish at base, oblong, ca. 7 × 2.5 mm.Filaments very short; anthers ca. 4.5 mm, initially connate, laterfree. Style ca. 6 mm. Fl. Jul.Forests on limestone slopes; 1300–1400 m. Guangxi, SE Yunnan.27. Ophiopogon lushuiensis S. C. Chen, Acta Phytotax. Sin.26: 141. 1988.泸 水 沿 阶 草 lu shui yan jie caoStem rhizomelike, 7–9 cm × ca. 5 mm, with dense nodesand slender roots. Leaves somewhat crowded and subterminal,sessile, long linear, 20–35 cm × 2–3 mm, margin membranousat base. Scape 10–15 cm. Inflorescence a raceme, 4–7 cm, 7–12-flowered; bracts lanceolate, basal one 1–1.5 cm. Flowerssolitary; pedicel 3–4 mm, articulate at middle. Tepals oblong toovate, 5–8 × 3–5 mm, inner ones slightly wider than outer. Filamentsca. 0.8 mm; anthers 3–4 mm. Style ca. 4 mm. Fl. May.Evergreen broad-leaved forests, moist and shady places; 1900–3000 m. W Yunnan (Lushui Xian).28. Ophiopogon szechuanensis F. T. Wang & Tang, Fl. Reipubl.Popularis Sin. 15: 252. 1978.四 川 沿 阶 草 si chuan yan jie caoRoots relatively slender, sometimes with fusiform, tuberouspart near tip. Stem rhizomelike, stout, with dense nodes.Leaves somewhat crowded and subterminal, sessile, abaxiallyglaucous, grasslike, 25–60 cm × 5–11 mm, 5–9-veined, marginserrulate, membranous at base. Scape 13–26 cm. Inflorescencea raceme, 4–11 cm, several to many flowered; bracts lanceolate,basal one 0.8–1.6 cm. Flowers solitary; pedicel 7–9 mm, articulateproximally. Tepals purple or purplish red, ovate-lanceolate,8–9 × 2–2.5 mm. Filaments very short; anthers 6.5–7 mm,connate to form a cone. Style ca. 7 mm, slender. Fl. Jun–Jul. 2n= 36*.Moist places in sparse forests, hillsides along streams; 1000–2000 m. Sichuan, Yunnan.29. Ophiopogon peliosanthoides F. T. Wang & Tang, Fl. Reipubl.Popularis Sin. 15: 252. 1978.长 药 沿 阶 草 chang yao yan jie caoRhizome 1–2 cm. Roots slender, stiff, usually with fusiformor oblong, tuberous part near tip. Leaves basal or nearlyso, tufted; petiole 10–35 cm; leaf blade abaxially glaucous, oblong,10–15 × 3.2–3.8 cm, pinnate-parallel veined, with 4(–6)lateral veins running from midvein, margin ± wrinkled. Scapeca. 30 cm. Inflorescence a reduced panicle, ca. 13 cm, 20–25-flowered; bracts ovate, ca. 1 cm, margin membranous. Flowerssolitary or in clusters of 2 or 3; pedicel 5–11 mm, articulatenear middle. Tepals purple or white, lanceolate to narrowly so,1–1.2 cm × 1.5–2.5 mm. Filaments very short; anthers ca. 8mm. Style ca. 9 mm. Fl. May. 2n = 36*.Evergreen broad-leaved forests, bamboo forests, scrub forests,moist places in thickets; 1000–2100 m. Guangxi, SW Guizhou, SEYunnan.30. Ophiopogon clavatus C. H. Wright ex Oliver, Hooker’sIcon. Pl. 24: t. 2582. 1895.棒 叶 沿 阶 草 bang ye yan jie caoMondo clavatum (C. H. Wright ex Oliver) Farwell.
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