LILIACEAE - China
LILIACEAE - China LILIACEAE - China
sometimes greenish, ovate to lanceolate, 2.5–5 × 0.7–1.2 mm,membranous. Perianth yellowish green, subcampanulate,fleshy, with a cushionlike, ringed, fleshy appendage in throat;tube without brown spots, 2–3.5 × 2–3 mm; lobes ± spreading,ovate-deltoid to ovate-elliptic, 2–3.5 × 2–2.5 mm, marginwhite, membranous, erose, apex usually caudate, rarely subobtuse.Filaments with free part 0.2–0.4 mm; anthers subovate, 1–1.4 mm. Ovary ovoid, 2–2.5 mm in diam. Style to 0.5 mm;stigma obtusely 3-angled, distinctly 3-lobed. Berries red at maturity,ovoid, 5–7 mm in diam. Fl. Apr.1100–1500 m. SW Hubei (Lichuan Xian).15. Campylandra annulata (H. Li & J. L. Huang) M. N. Tamuraet al., Novon 10: 159. 2000.环 花 开 口 箭 huan hua kai kou jianTupistra annulata H. Li & J. L. Huang, Acta Bot. Yunnan.,Suppl. 3: 51. 1990.Rhizome terete, 2.5–3 cm thick; nodes dense. Leaves 6–8,basal or nearly so, slightly or scarcely distichous equitant, graduallynarrowed into indistinct petiole; leaf blade oblanceolateoblong,15–40 × 2.5–4 cm. Spike ca. 5 cm, densely many flowered,with several sterile bracts apically; peduncle ca. 4 cm;fertile bracts 2 per flower, green, larger one 1.1–1.3 cm, smallerone 4–5 mm. Perianth green, subcampanulate, with a cushionlike,ringed, fleshy, smooth appendage in throat; tube 4–5 mm;lobes ovate-lanceolate, ca. 5 mm, apex incurved, acuminatecuspidate.Filaments with free part 2–2.5 mm. Ovary globose,ca. 2.5 mm in diam. Style very short. Fl. Mar–May. 2n = 38*.Yunnan.Described from a cultivated plant.16. Campylandra verruculosa (Q. H. Chen) M. N. Tamura etal., Novon 10: 160. 2000.疣 点 开 口 箭 you dian kai kou jianTupistra verruculosa Q. H. Chen, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 25:69. 1987.Rhizome brown, terete, 1.5–2 cm thick; nodes dense.Leaves 5–12, basal or nearly so, distichous equitant; petiole 4–12 cm; leaf blade 21–40 × 6–8 cm. Spike 10–12 × 1.5–2 cm,densely many flowered; peduncle ca. 15 cm; fertile bracts 2 perflower, pale green, membranous, larger one 5–9 × 3–4 mm,smaller one 3–6 × 1–1.5 mm. Perianth pale yellow-green, subcampanulate,8–11 mm, with a cushionlike, ringed, fleshy,sparsely papillose appendage in throat; tube 2–3 mm; lobesovate, 6–8 × 4–5 mm, fleshy, abaxially densely verruculose,apex cuspidate. Filaments with free part 1.5–2 mm. Ovary globose,ca. 3 mm in diam. Style 0.5–1 mm, 3-angled; stigma 3-lobed. Fl. May.Forests on limestone slopes; ca. 700 m. C and S Guizhou (PingtangXian, Weng’an Xian).52. ROHDEA Roth, Nov. Pl. Sp. 196. 1821.万 年 青 属 wan nian qing shuLiang Songyun ( 梁 松 筠 Liang Song-jun); Minoru N. TamuraHerbs perennial, rhizomatous. Rhizome ascending, thick, stout. Leaves basal, tufted, usually slightly distichous equitant, sessile,base dilated. Scape axillary, suberect, much shorter than leaves. Inflorescence a terminal spike, densely flowered, fleshy; bracts short,membranous. Flowers bisexual. Perianth segments connate except at apex into a globose-campanulate tube; lobes incurved, short,fleshy. Stamens 6; filaments nearly wholly adnate to perianth tube; anthers positioned distally in perianth tube, dorsifixed. Ovary globose,3-loculed; ovules 2 per locule. Style very short or inconspicuous; stigma 3-lobed. Fruit a berry, 1-seeded.One species: China, Japan.1. Rohdea japonica (Thunberg) Roth, Nov. Pl. Sp. 197. 1821.万 年 青 wan nian qingOrontium japonicum Thunberg in Murray, Syst. Veg., ed.14, 340. 1784; Rohdea esquirolii H. Léveillé; R. sinensis H.Léveillé.Rhizome suberect, 1.5–2.5 cm thick. Leaves 3–8(–12),dark green, lanceolate-oblong, oblanceolate, or lanceolate, graduallynarrowed to both ends, 15–50 × 2.5–7 cm, thickly papery,apex acute to subacuminate. Scape 2.5–4(–10) cm, stout. Spikesuboblong, 3–4 × 1.2–1.7 cm, densely many flowered; bractsMacrostigma Kunth.ovate, 2.5–6 × 2–4 mm. Perianth pale yellow, 4–5 × ca. 6 mm;lobes small, thick. Anthers ovate, 1.3–1.5 mm. Berries red atmaturity, globose, ca. 8 mm in diam. Fl. May–Jun, fr. Sep–Oct.2n = 14, 36, 38, ca. 72*.Moist places in forests, grassy slopes; 700–1700 m. Guangxi,Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Zhejiang[Japan].Widely cultivated as an ornamental.53. TUPISTRA Ker Gawler, Bot. Mag. 40: t. 1655. 1814.长 柱 开 口 箭 属 chang zhu kai kou jian shuLiang Songyun ( 梁 松 筠 Liang Song-jun); Minoru N. TamuraHerbs perennial, rhizomatous, monopodial. Rhizome usually ascending, rarely creeping, thick, stout, sometimes slightly woody.
Stem very short. Leaves basal, alternate fasciculate or distichous equitant, distinctly petiolate or not; leaf blade narrowly lanceolate toovate. Scape axillary. Inflorescence a terminal spike, 2- to many flowered, without sterile bracts apically; bracts deltoid to ovate,usually shorter than flowers. Perianth segments 6 or 8, connate for 1/2–2/3 their length into a tube, fleshy; lobes spreading. Stamens6 or 8; filaments nearly wholly adnate to perianth tube; anthers positioned lower than stigma, dorsifixed. Ovary 3- or 4-loculed;ovules 2 per locule. Style 1, cylindric, 4–12 mm; stigma peltate to mushroom-shaped, 2–7 mm in diam., fleshy. Fruit a berry, 1-seeded.Fourteen species: Bhutan, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Sikkim, Thailand, Vietnam; four species (three endemic) inChina.The syntype specimens of Tupistra cavaleriei H. Léveillé can be identified as Amischotolype hispida (A. Richard) D. Y. Hong (Commelinaceae).Tupistra esquirolii H. Léveillé & Vaniot is referable to Curculigo capitulata (Loureiro) Kuntze (Amaryllidaceae). The identity of Tupistrabambusifolia H. Léveillé & Vaniot and T. bambusifolia var. rubromaculosa H. Léveillé & Vaniot (in H. Léveillé, Mem. Pontif. Accad. Romana NuoviLincei 24: 349. 1906) remains uncertain. The types, from Guizhou, have not been seen by the present authors but were said by McKean (Notes Roy.Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 44: 176. 1986) to resemble Zingiber pleiostachyum K. Schumann (Zingiberaceae), which is endemic to Taiwan.1a. Flower subtended by 1 bract; style ca. 12 mm ....................................................................................................... 1. T. grandistigma1b. Flower subtended by 2 or 3 bracts; style 4–8 mm.2a. Spike 18–25(–35) cm; peduncle slightly longer than spike; stigma 5–7 mm in diam. ....................................... 2. T. longispica2b. Spike 2.5–10 cm; peduncle shorter than spike; stigma 2–3 mm in diam.3a. Stigma mushroom-shaped; rhizome ascending; spike 6–10 cm .............................................................. 3. T. fungilliformis3b. Stigma peltate; rhizome creeping; spike 2.5–4.5 cm ................................................................................ 4. T. pingbianensis1. Tupistra grandistigma F. T. Wang & S. Yun Liang in F. T.Wang & Tang, Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 15: 249. 1978.长 柱 开 口 箭 chang zhu kai kou jianRhizome rather short, 1.5–2 cm thick, stout; nodes dense.Leaves 3–5 or more, basal, distichous equitant; petiole 2–5 cm;leaf blade oblong-oblanceolate, 65–110 × 7.5–12 cm, glabrous,apex acuminate. Spike 6–16 cm, several to many flowered;peduncle 5–15 cm; bracts 1 per flower, deltoid, ca. 1.8 × 1 mm.Perianth campanulate, ca. 1.4 cm; tube ca. 5 mm; lobes blackpurple,lanceolate, 8–10 × 3–4 mm, fleshy. Filaments with veryshort free part; anthers elliptic, 2–2.5 mm. Ovary subglobose,3–5 mm. Style ca. 1.2 cm; stigma capitate, dilated, 6–7 mm indiam. Berries globose, 1.2–2 cm in diam. Fl. Mar, fr. Jun. 2n =38*.Forests; ca. 1600 m. Guangxi, S Yunnan [Vietnam].2. Tupistra longispica Y. Wan & X. H. Lu in Y. Wan, Bull.Bot. Res., Harbin 4(4): 168. 1984.长 穗 开 口 箭 chang sui kai kou jianRhizome 2–3 cm thick, stout; nodes dense. Leaves 4–6,basal, nearly distichous equitant; petiole 10–20 cm; leaf bladeoblanceolate, 90–150 × 12.5–18 cm, glabrous, apex acuminate.Spike 18–25(–35) × 1.5–2 cm, densely many flowered; peduncle20–33 cm; bracts 2 per flower, pink, 3–7 × 3–6 mm, membranous.Perianth adaxially white turning yellow, abaxially palepurple, shortly campanulate, 1–1.3 × 1.3–1.8 cm, fleshy; tube3–4 mm; lobes recurved, oblong-ovate, 7–9 × 3–4 mm. Filamentsbasally widened, free part ca. 1 mm. Ovary subglobose.Style 7–8 mm; stigma peltate, suborbicular, dilated, 5–7 mm indiam., 3-lobed. Fl. Nov.Forests on limestone slopes along valleys; 300–400 m. WCGuangxi (Long’an Xian).3. Tupistra fungilliformis F. T. Wang & S. Yun Liang in F. T.Wang & Tang, Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 15: 249. 1978.伞 柱 开 口 箭 san zhu kai kou jianRhizome ascending, short, 1–2 cm thick, stout; nodesdense. Leaves 2 or more, basal; petiole 14–16 cm; leaf bladelinear-lanceolate, 4–20 × 1–1.5 cm, papery, glabrous, apex acuminate.Spike 6–10 × 1.2–2 cm, usually laxly several flowered;peduncle 1.5–3 cm; bracts 2(or 3) per flower, brownish yellow,4–7 × 4–11 mm, membranous. Perianth subcampanulate, 1–1.5cm; tube 3–7 mm; lobes purple, ovate, 5–8 × 4–6 mm, fleshy.Filaments with very short free part. Ovary ovoid, 1.5–2 × ca.2 mm. Style 4–5 mm, 3-angled; stigma mushroom-shaped, ca. 2mm in diam. Berries ovoid-globose, ca. 12 × 5 mm. Fl. Dec–Jan, fr. Dec–Jan of following year. 2n = 38*.Rocks in forests; 1000–1600 m. Guangxi, SE Yunnan.4. Tupistra pingbianensis J. L. Huang & X. Z. Liu, Acta Phytotax.Sin. 34: 592. 1996.屏 边 开 口 箭 ping bian kai kou jianRhizome creeping, short, 2–3 cm thick, stout. Leavesbasal, tufted or spaced, petiolate, oblong-lanceolate, 40–90 ×4.5–7 cm, thickly papery, apex acuminate. Spike procumbent,2.5–4.5 cm, 2–7-flowered; peduncle recurved, 0.5–2.5 cm,fleshy; bracts 2 or 3 per flower, brownish yellow, broadly deltoid-ovate,4–12 × 5–12 mm, subleathery. Perianth purple, 1.2–1.5 × ca. 1.5 cm, fleshy; tube white adaxially, 5–7 mm; lobesbroadly deltoid-ovate,5–7 ×5–6 mm,apex acute. Filaments withvery short free part; anthers suborbicular, ca. 1.5 mm in diam.Ovary spheroidal, ca. 1.5 mm in diam. Style ca. 7 mm; stigmapeltate, slightly inflated, ca. 3 mm in diam. Fl. Nov–Dec.Dense forests; ca. 1700 m. SE Yunnan (Pingbian Miao Zu Zizhixian).54. ASPIDISTRA Ker Gawler, Bot. Reg. 8: t. 628. 1822.蜘 蛛 抱 蛋 属 zhi zhu bao dan shu
- Page 118 and 119: shores; 1900-3700 m. Xinjiang [Afgh
- Page 120 and 121: 昆 仑 韭 kun lun jiuBulbs cluste
- Page 122 and 123: Bulb solitary or clustered, applana
- Page 124 and 125: 北 葱 bei congBulbs usually clust
- Page 126 and 127: 112. Allium songpanicum J. M. Xu in
- Page 128 and 129: Style exserted. Fl. and fr. May-Jul
- Page 130 and 131: Forests on shady slopes, sands, san
- Page 132 and 133: stigma small. Fruit a capsule, glob
- Page 134 and 135: 90: 27. 1931.紫 萼 zi eBryocles v
- Page 136 and 137: Tepals white, linear, membranous; o
- Page 138 and 139: 19a. Male flowers 2-4 mm; branches
- Page 140 and 141: perianth yellowish green, campanula
- Page 142 and 143: Asparagus soongoricus Iljin.Herbs d
- Page 144 and 145: 北 天 门 冬 bei tian men dongAs
- Page 146 and 147: fr. Sep-Nov.Forests, bamboo forests
- Page 148 and 149: Tovaria oleracea Baker, J. Linn. So
- Page 150 and 151: nate at base, outer ones broadly ov
- Page 152 and 153: 2.5 mm. Style ca. 2 mm; stigma capi
- Page 154 and 155: 38b. Peduncle usually 1-1.5 cm; inf
- Page 156 and 157: 5-12(-17)-flowered; peduncle 3-5 cm
- Page 158 and 159: Himal. Mts. 1: 380. 1839.对 叶
- Page 160 and 161: mm. Perianth pale yellow, cylindric
- Page 162 and 163: nan [Laos, Thailand, Vietnam].2. Di
- Page 164 and 165: Convallaria keiskei Miquel; C. keis
- Page 166 and 167: margin, free part very short. Ovary
- Page 170 and 171: Liang Songyun ( 梁 松 筠 Liang S
- Page 172 and 173: lobes with a white hollow on adaxia
- Page 174 and 175: ar-lanceolate, 30-40 × 3-5 cm, lea
- Page 176 and 177: 26. Aspidistra cruciformis Y. Wan &
- Page 178 and 179: Fl. Apr. 2n = 36*.SW Guangxi (Longz
- Page 180 and 181: 2.5 mm. Flowers solitary, sometimes
- Page 182 and 183: 17b. Plants less than 40 cm tall; t
- Page 184 and 185: asal one 6-8 mm. Flowers solitary;
- Page 186 and 187: 2n = 36*, 72*.Dense forests, mossy
- Page 188 and 189: Plants stoloniferous; stolons with
- Page 190 and 191: ulate distally. Tepals purple, or w
- Page 192: Stem 2-3 cm. Leaves 2 or 3; petiole
sometimes greenish, ovate to lanceolate, 2.5–5 × 0.7–1.2 mm,membranous. Perianth yellowish green, subcampanulate,fleshy, with a cushionlike, ringed, fleshy appendage in throat;tube without brown spots, 2–3.5 × 2–3 mm; lobes ± spreading,ovate-deltoid to ovate-elliptic, 2–3.5 × 2–2.5 mm, marginwhite, membranous, erose, apex usually caudate, rarely subobtuse.Filaments with free part 0.2–0.4 mm; anthers subovate, 1–1.4 mm. Ovary ovoid, 2–2.5 mm in diam. Style to 0.5 mm;stigma obtusely 3-angled, distinctly 3-lobed. Berries red at maturity,ovoid, 5–7 mm in diam. Fl. Apr.1100–1500 m. SW Hubei (Lichuan Xian).15. Campylandra annulata (H. Li & J. L. Huang) M. N. Tamuraet al., Novon 10: 159. 2000.环 花 开 口 箭 huan hua kai kou jianTupistra annulata H. Li & J. L. Huang, Acta Bot. Yunnan.,Suppl. 3: 51. 1990.Rhizome terete, 2.5–3 cm thick; nodes dense. Leaves 6–8,basal or nearly so, slightly or scarcely distichous equitant, graduallynarrowed into indistinct petiole; leaf blade oblanceolateoblong,15–40 × 2.5–4 cm. Spike ca. 5 cm, densely many flowered,with several sterile bracts apically; peduncle ca. 4 cm;fertile bracts 2 per flower, green, larger one 1.1–1.3 cm, smallerone 4–5 mm. Perianth green, subcampanulate, with a cushionlike,ringed, fleshy, smooth appendage in throat; tube 4–5 mm;lobes ovate-lanceolate, ca. 5 mm, apex incurved, acuminatecuspidate.Filaments with free part 2–2.5 mm. Ovary globose,ca. 2.5 mm in diam. Style very short. Fl. Mar–May. 2n = 38*.Yunnan.Described from a cultivated plant.16. Campylandra verruculosa (Q. H. Chen) M. N. Tamura etal., Novon 10: 160. 2000.疣 点 开 口 箭 you dian kai kou jianTupistra verruculosa Q. H. Chen, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 25:69. 1987.Rhizome brown, terete, 1.5–2 cm thick; nodes dense.Leaves 5–12, basal or nearly so, distichous equitant; petiole 4–12 cm; leaf blade 21–40 × 6–8 cm. Spike 10–12 × 1.5–2 cm,densely many flowered; peduncle ca. 15 cm; fertile bracts 2 perflower, pale green, membranous, larger one 5–9 × 3–4 mm,smaller one 3–6 × 1–1.5 mm. Perianth pale yellow-green, subcampanulate,8–11 mm, with a cushionlike, ringed, fleshy,sparsely papillose appendage in throat; tube 2–3 mm; lobesovate, 6–8 × 4–5 mm, fleshy, abaxially densely verruculose,apex cuspidate. Filaments with free part 1.5–2 mm. Ovary globose,ca. 3 mm in diam. Style 0.5–1 mm, 3-angled; stigma 3-lobed. Fl. May.Forests on limestone slopes; ca. 700 m. C and S Guizhou (PingtangXian, Weng’an Xian).52. ROHDEA Roth, Nov. Pl. Sp. 196. 1821.万 年 青 属 wan nian qing shuLiang Songyun ( 梁 松 筠 Liang Song-jun); Minoru N. TamuraHerbs perennial, rhizomatous. Rhizome ascending, thick, stout. Leaves basal, tufted, usually slightly distichous equitant, sessile,base dilated. Scape axillary, suberect, much shorter than leaves. Inflorescence a terminal spike, densely flowered, fleshy; bracts short,membranous. Flowers bisexual. Perianth segments connate except at apex into a globose-campanulate tube; lobes incurved, short,fleshy. Stamens 6; filaments nearly wholly adnate to perianth tube; anthers positioned distally in perianth tube, dorsifixed. Ovary globose,3-loculed; ovules 2 per locule. Style very short or inconspicuous; stigma 3-lobed. Fruit a berry, 1-seeded.One species: <strong>China</strong>, Japan.1. Rohdea japonica (Thunberg) Roth, Nov. Pl. Sp. 197. 1821.万 年 青 wan nian qingOrontium japonicum Thunberg in Murray, Syst. Veg., ed.14, 340. 1784; Rohdea esquirolii H. Léveillé; R. sinensis H.Léveillé.Rhizome suberect, 1.5–2.5 cm thick. Leaves 3–8(–12),dark green, lanceolate-oblong, oblanceolate, or lanceolate, graduallynarrowed to both ends, 15–50 × 2.5–7 cm, thickly papery,apex acute to subacuminate. Scape 2.5–4(–10) cm, stout. Spikesuboblong, 3–4 × 1.2–1.7 cm, densely many flowered; bractsMacrostigma Kunth.ovate, 2.5–6 × 2–4 mm. Perianth pale yellow, 4–5 × ca. 6 mm;lobes small, thick. Anthers ovate, 1.3–1.5 mm. Berries red atmaturity, globose, ca. 8 mm in diam. Fl. May–Jun, fr. Sep–Oct.2n = 14, 36, 38, ca. 72*.Moist places in forests, grassy slopes; 700–1700 m. Guangxi,Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Zhejiang[Japan].Widely cultivated as an ornamental.53. TUPISTRA Ker Gawler, Bot. Mag. 40: t. 1655. 1814.长 柱 开 口 箭 属 chang zhu kai kou jian shuLiang Songyun ( 梁 松 筠 Liang Song-jun); Minoru N. TamuraHerbs perennial, rhizomatous, monopodial. Rhizome usually ascending, rarely creeping, thick, stout, sometimes slightly woody.
Change language