LILIACEAE - China

nate at base, outer ones broadly ovate, ca. 3 × 2.5 mm, innerones oblong, ca. 1 mm wide. Filaments ca. 1 mm; anthers ca. 1mm. Style very short; stigma 3-lobed. Fl. Jul.Forests, thicket meadows; 2200–3600 m. SE Xizang, NW Yunnan[Myanmar].15. Maianthemum lichiangense (W. W. Smith) LaFrankie,Taxon 35: 589. 1986.丽 江 鹿 药 li jiang lu yaoTovaria lichiangensis W. W. Smith, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard.Edinburgh 8: 209. 1914; Smilacina lichiangensis (W. W. Smith)W. W. Smith.Plants 7–20 cm tall. Rhizome subterete, 1–1.5 mm thick,slender. Stem hirsute distally. Leaves 2–4; petiole 3–10(–14)mm; leaf blade ovate, broadly ovate, or oblong-ovate, 2.5–3.5 ×1.6–3.3 cm, both surfaces hispidulous or glabrescent, base obtuseor subcordate. Inflorescence usually a raceme, 1–2(–5) cm,2–4-flowered; rachis papillose-pubescent. Flowers solitary, fragrant;pedicel 2–3 mm. Perianth white; segments connate proximally,forming a tube 2.5–3 mm, lobes spreading, suboblong,4–5 × 2.5–3 mm. Filaments deltoid-lanceolate, 1.5–2 mm. Style2.5–3 mm, longer than ovary; stigma 3-lobed. Berries red atmaturity, 5–6 mm in diam., 1- or 2-seeded. Fl. Jun–Jul, fr. Sep–Oct.Forests, thickets; 2800–3500 m. S Gansu, ?S Shaanxi (QinLing), Sichuan, NW Yunnan.16. Maianthemum tubiferum (Batalin) LaFrankie, Taxon 35:589. 1986.合 瓣 鹿 药 he ban lu yaoSmilacina tubifera Batalin, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk.Bot. Sada 13: 104. 1893; S. fargesii (Franchet) Diels; S. souliei(Franchet) F. T. Wang & Tang; Tovaria fargesii Franchet; T.prattii Franchet var. quadrifolia Franchet; T. souliei Franchet;T. tubifera (Batalin) C. H. Wright.Plants 10–30 cm tall. Rhizome subterete, 1(–6) mm thick,usually slender. Stem hispidulous distally. Leaves 2–5, subsessileor shortly petiolate; leaf blade ovate or oblong-ovate, 3–3.5(–9) × 2.5–4.5 cm, both surfaces laxly pubescent or glabrescent,base truncate or subcordate. Inflorescence a raceme,1–4(–7) cm, 2- or 3(–10)-flowered; rachis pubescent. Flowerssolitary; pedicel 1–2(–4) mm. Perianth white or sometimestinged purple; segments connate proximally, forming a shorttube 1–2 mm, lobes oblong, 2.5–3(–5) × 2–2.5 mm. Filamentsvery short. Style 0.5–1 mm, subequaling ovary. Berries 6–7mm in diam., 2- or 3-seeded. Fl. May–Jul, fr. Sep.Moist places in forests; 2500–3000 m. Gansu, Hubei, Qinghai,Shaanxi, Sichuan.17. Maianthemum gongshanense (S. Yun Liang) H. Li, ActaBot. Yunnan., Suppl. 3: 10. 1990.贡 山 鹿 药 gong shan lu yaoSmilacina gongshanensis S. Yun Liang in F. T. Wang etal., Acta Bot. Yunnan. 5: 261. 1983.Plants 5–20 cm tall. Rhizome 1.5–2 mm thick, slender.Stem white pubescent distally. Leaves 2, shortly petiolate; leafblade ovate or oblong-ovate, 2–5 × 1.5–3 cm, both surfaceslaxly pubescent, base rounded or subcordate. Inflorescence a raceme,1–3 cm, 1–4-flowered, glabrous. Flowers solitary; pedicel5–10 mm. Perianth brownish; segments slightly connate atbase, outer ones oblong, ca. 3 × 1.5–2 mm, inner ones obovate,4–4.5 × 3–3.5 mm. Filaments 0.5–0.8 mm, flat, basally connate;anthers 0.5–0.8 mm. Style short; stigma 3-parted. Fl. Jul.Alpine meadows, thickets; 3400–3600 m. NW Yunnan (GongshanDrung-Nu Zu Zizhixian).18. Maianthemum trifolium (Linnaeus) Sloboda, Rostlinnictví,192. 1852.三 叶 鹿 药 san ye lu yaoConvallaria trifolia Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 316. 1753; Asteranthemumtrifolium (Linnaeus) Kunth; Smilacina trifolia(Linnaeus) Desfontaines; Tovaria trifolia (Linnaeus) Necker exBaker; Vagnera trifolia (Linnaeus) Morong.Plants 10–20 cm tall. Rhizome 2–2.5 mm thick, slender.Stem glabrous. Leaves usually 3; petiole short, ± clasping stem;leaf blade oblong or narrowly elliptic, 6–13 × 1.5–3.5 cm,papery, glabrous. Inflorescence a raceme, (2–)3.5–6 cm, 4–7-flowered, glabrous. Flowers solitary; pedicel 4–6 mm. Perianthwhite; segments slightly connate at base, oblong, 2–3 × 1.5–2mm. Filaments filiform, 2–2.5 mm; anthers small. Style ca. 1mm, subequaling ovary; stigma slightly 3-lobed. Fl. Jun, fr.Aug. 2n = 36.Forests; 400–700 m. Heilongjiang, Jilin, ?Nei Mongol [N Korea,Russia; North America].19. Maianthemum stenolobum (Franchet) S. C. Chen & Kawano,Novon 10: 113. 2000.少 叶 鹿 药 shao ye lu yaoTovaria stenoloba Franchet, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 43: 47.1896; Maianthemum tatsienense (Franchet) LaFrankie var.stenolobum (Franchet) H. Li; Smilacina paniculata (Baker) F.T. Wang & Tang var. stenoloba (Franchet) F. T. Wang & Tang;S. stenoloba (Franchet) Diels; S. tatsienensis (Franchet) H. R.Wehrhahn f. stenoloba (Franchet) H. Hara; S. tatsienensis var.stenoloba (Franchet) D. M. Liu.Plants 10–15 cm tall. Rhizome 2–3 mm thick, slender.Stem glabrous. Leaves 3–5; petiole (1–)2–5 mm; leaf bladeovate or ovate-elliptic, 3–4.5 × 1.8–2.6 cm. Inflorescence usuallya raceme, 1.5–4 cm, 3–11-flowered, glabrous. Flowers solitary;pedicel 2–3 mm. Perianth green; segments connate at base,narrowly lanceolate, 5–7 × ca. 1 mm. Filaments flat, ca. 1 mm;anthers small. Style very short; stigma 3-parted. Berries 4–5mm in diam. Fl. May–Jun, fr. Jul.Forests, grassy slopes, hillsides along ravines; 2000–3000 m. SGansu, W Hubei, E Sichuan.44. HETEROPOLYGONATUM M. N. Tamura & Ogisu in M. N. Tamura et al.,