Scrub, moist places; 4500–5000 m. SE Xizang.20. Allium changduense J. M. Xu in F. T. Wang & Tang, Fl.Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 14: 285. 1980.昌 都 韭 chang du jiuBulb solitary or clustered, cylindric, 0.5–1 cm in diam.;tunic brown, subreticulate. Leaves linear, shorter than scape, 2–3 mm wide. Scape 15–20 cm, terete, covered with leaf sheathsonly at base. Spathe 2-valved, persistent. Umbel few flowered.Pedicels unequal, 0.2–2.5 cm, ebracteolate. Perianth purple-red;outer segments narrowly oblong, 6.5–14.5 × 2.5–4 mm, apexobtuse; inner ones 7.2–15.5 × 2–4.5 mm. Filaments subulate,subequal, slightly shorter to slightly longer than perianth segments,connate at base and adnate to perianth segments. Ovaryovoid, with concave nectaries covered by short, hoodlike projectionsat base. Style slightly longer than ovary; stigma punctiform.Fl. Aug–Sep.Scrub, slopes; 3200–4500 m. NW Sichuan (Dêgê Xian), EXizang (Jomda Xian, Qamdo Xian).21. Allium rhynchogynum Diels, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh5: 302. 1912.宽 叶 滇 韭 kuan ye dian jiuBulb probably solitary, narrowly cylindric; tunic fibrous.Leaves broadly linear, shorter than scape, 8–10 mm wide, flat,apex rounded. Scape lateral, 16–22 cm, with 1 leaf sheath atbase. Spathe thinly leathery, persistent. Umbel few flowered.Pedicels unequal, 1–2.5 cm, ebracteolate. Perianth pinkish red;segments narrowly lanceolate, 10–12 × 2.5–3 mm, apex acuminate.Filaments subulate, equal, ca. 1/2 as long as perianth segments,connate at base and adnate to perianth segments. Ovaryconstricted at base into a stipe, without concave nectaries atbase. Style shorter than ovary, persistent; stigma globose. Fl.Aug.Cliffs, valleys; 2700–3200 m. NW Yunnan.22. Allium beesianum W. W. Smith, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard.Edinburgh 8: 176. 1914.蓝 花 韭 lan hua jiuBulbs clustered, cylindric, 0.5–1 cm in diam.; tunic brown,fibrous, subreticulate at base, sometimes laciniate. Leaves linear,shorter than scape, 3–8 mm wide. Scape (20–)30–50 cm,terete, covered with leaf sheaths only at base. Spathe 1-valved,deciduous.Umbel hemispheric,laxly fewflowered. Pedicelssubequal,shorter than to equaling perianth, ebracteolate. Perianthblue; outer segments narrowly ovate-oblong, 11–14(–17) × 3–5.5 mm, margin entire, apex obtuse; inner ones slightly longerand narrower than outer. Filaments subequal, usually ca. 4/5 aslong as perianth segments, connate at base and adnate to perianthsegments for ca. 1 mm; outer ones subulate; inner onesbroadened at base, sometimes 1-toothed on each side. Ovaryobovoid-globose, with concave nectaries at base. Style 2–3 × aslong as ovary; stigma punctiform. Fl. and fr. Aug–Oct.Slopes, meadows; 3000–4200 m. SW Sichuan (Yanbian Xian),NW Yunnan (Heqing Xian, Lijiang Naxi Zu Zizhixian).23. Allium yuanum F. T. Wang & Tang, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst.Biol. 7: 295. 1937.齿 被 韭 chi bei jiuBulb solitary or clustered, cylindric, 0.2–0.4 cm in diam.;tunic brown, subreticulate. Leaves linear, usually twisted whendried, shorter or slightly longer than scape, 1.5–3 mm wide,abaxially keeled. Scape 17–55 cm, terete, covered with leafsheaths only at base. Spathe (1 or)2(or 3)-valved, persistent.Umbel hemispheric, densely many flowered. Pedicels subequal,shorter to longer than perianth, ebracteolate. Perianth blue; segmentsovate, 7.5–10 × 3–4 mm, margin irregularly denticulateor (on outer segments) entire, apex acuminate. Filaments subulate,ca. 1/2 as long as perianth segments, connate at base andadnate to perianth segments; inner ones sometimes broadenedat base, entire. Ovary subglobose, with concave nectariescovered by hoodlike projections at base. Style equaling toslightly longer than ovary, not exserted; stigma slightly 3-cleft.Fl. and fr. Aug–Sep.Forest margins, meadows in forests, slopes; 2800–3500 m. NWSichuan.24. Allium sikkimense Baker, J. Bot. 12: 292. 1874.高 山 韭 gao shan jiuAllium cyaneumRegel var. brachystemon Regel; A. kansuenseRegel; A. tibeticum Rendle.Bulbs clustered, cylindric, 0.3–0.5 cm in diam.; tunic darkbrown, fibrous, subreticulate at base, rarely laciniate. Leaveslinear, shorter than scape, 2–5 mm wide, flat. Scape (5–)15–40cm, terete, covered with leaf sheaths only at base. Spathe 1-valved, deciduous. Umbel hemispheric, densely many flowered.Pedicels subequal, shorter than to equaling perianth, ebracteolate.Perianth blue; segments ovate to ovate-oblong, 6–10 ×3–4.5 mm, apex obtuse; inner ones usually slightly longer andwider than outer, margin usually irregularly remotely denticulate.Filaments equal, 1/2–2/3 as long as perianth segments,connate and adnate to perianth segments for ca. 1 mm, usuallyall broadened at base, sometimes 1-toothed on each side. Ovarysubglobose, with concave nectaries covered by short, hoodlikeprojections at base. Style shorter than to subequaling ovary, notexserted; stigma punctiform. Fl. and fr. Jul–Sep. 2n = 32, 48*.Forest margins, scrub, slopes, meadows; 2400–5000 m. S Gansu,S Ningxia, E and S Qinghai, SW Shaanxi, W Sichuan, SE Xizang, NWYunnan [Bhutan, India, Nepal, Sikkim].25. Allium cyaneum Regel, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot.Sada 3(2): 174. 1875.天 蓝 韭 tian lan jiuAllium hugonianum Rendle; A. szechuanicum F. T. Wang& Tang; A. tui F. T. Wang & Tang.Bulbs clustered,cylindric, 0.2–0.4(–0.6) cm in diam.; tunicdark brown, usually not distinctly reticulate. Leaves shorter orlonger than scape, 1.5–2.5 mm wide, semiterete, adaxiallychanneled. Scape 10–30(–45) cm, terete, covered with leafsheaths only at base. Spathe 1- or 2-valved, deciduous. Umbelsubfascicled, sometimes hemispheric. Pedicels subequal, 1–2 ×as long as perianth, ebracteolate. Perianth blue; segments ovate
to oblong-ovate, 4–6.5 × 2–3 mm; inner ones slightly longerthan outer. Filaments equal, 1.3–2 × as long as perianth segments,connate at base and adnate to perianth segments; outerones subulate; inner ones broadened at base, base sometimes 1-toothed on each side. Ovary subglobose, with concave nectariescovered by short, hoodlike projections at base. Style exserted.Fl. and fr. Aug–Oct. 2n = 32*.Forest margins, slopes, meadows; 2100–5000 m. Gansu, W Hubei,Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xizang [Korea].Allium cyaneum var. deltoides S. O. Yu et al. (J. Korean Pl.Taxon. 11(1–2): 29. 1981) was described from Korea, but no materialhas been seen by the present authors.26. Allium aciphyllum J. M. Xu in F. T. Wang & Tang, Fl.Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 14: 284. 1980.针 叶 韭 zhen ye jiuBulbs clustered, cylindric, thickened at base, 0.8–1 cm indiam.; tunic dark brown, reticulate. Leaves subequaling scape,ca. 1 mm wide, adaxially channeled. Scape 15–25 cm, terete,covered with leaf sheaths only at base. Spathe 1-valved, persistent.Umbel few flowered. Pedicels subequal, ca. 2 × as long asperianth, ebracteolate. Perianth pale red; outer segments ovate,ca. 3.5 × 1.8 mm; inner ones oblong, ca. 4 × 2 mm. Filamentsequal, ca. 1.25 × as long as perianth segments, connate at baseand adnate to perianth segments; outer ones subulate; innerones broadened at base for ca. 1 mm, 1-toothed on each side.Ovary obovoid-globose, with concave nectaries covered byhoodlike projections at base. Style exserted. Fl. Aug–Oct.Slopes; 2000–2100 m. N Sichuan (Jinchuan Xian).27. Allium henryi C.H. Wright, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1895:119. 1895.疏 花 韭 shu hua jiuBulbs clustered, cylindric, sometimes slightly thickened atbase, 0.4–1.2 cm in diam.; tunic dark brown, reticulate. Leaveslinear, longer than scape, 2–5 mm wide, flat, apex long acuminate.Scape 11–25 cm, terete, finely angled, covered withleaf sheaths only at base. Spathe 1-valved, persistent. Umbelfew flowered. Pedicels subequal, 1.5–2 × as long as perianth,ebracteolate. Perianth purple-blue to blue; segments ovate, 5.5–7 × ca. 3 mm; inner ones sometimes slightly longer than outer.Filaments slightly longer than to 1.5 × as long as perianthsegments, connate at base and adnate to perianth segments;outer ones subulate; inner ones broadened at base, 1-toothed oneach side. Ovary obovoid-globose, with concave nectariescovered by hoodlike projections at base. Style exserted. Fl. andfr. Sep–Oct.Sunny slopes; 1300–2300 m. W Hubei, E Sichuan.28. Allium heteronema F. T. Wang & Tang, Fl. Reipubl. PopularisSin. 14: 285. 1980.异 梗 韭 yi geng jiuBulb cylindric, slightly thickened at base, 0.8–1 cm indiam.; tunic dark brown, reticulate. Leaves subequaling scape,3–7 mm wide, apex long acuminate. Scape 25–30 cm, terete,angled, covered with leaf sheaths only at base. Spathe 1-valved,persistent. Umbel few flowered. Pedicels very unequal, 2–4 ×as long as perianth, ebracteolate. Perianth purple-blue; outersegments narrowly ovate, 7–7.5 × 2–2.7 mm; inner ones narrowlyoblong, ca. 8 × 2.5–2.7 mm. Filaments slightly longerthan perianth segments, connate at base and adnate to perianthsegments; outer ones subulate; inner ones broadened for ca. 2.5mm and oblong at base, 1-toothed on 1 or both sides. Ovaryobovoid-globose, with concave nectaries covered by hoodlikeprojections at base. Style exserted. Fl. Aug.Slopes; 1600–2300 m. E Sichuan (Chengkou Xian, NanchuanXian).29. Allium paepalanthoides Airy Shaw, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard.Edinburgh 16: 142. 1931.天 蒜 tian suanAllium albostellerianum F. T. Wang & Tang.Bulb solitary, narrowly ovoid-cylindric, 0.5–1.5 cm indiam.; tunic yellowish brown to blackish brown, sometimestinged with red, papery, laciniate, sometimes subfibrous.Leaves broadly linear to linear-lanceolate, shorter than tosubequaling scape, 5–15(–23) mm wide, apex acuminate. Scape(15–)30–50 cm, terete, covered with leaf sheaths for ca. 1/2 itslength. Spathe 1-valved, persistent or deciduous; beak to 7 cm.Umbel laxly many flowered. Pedicels subequal, 2–4 × as longas perianth, ebracteolate. Perianth white; segments with greenmidvein; outer ones ovate, boat-shaped, 3–4.5 × 1.5–2.5 mm;inner ones ovate-oblong, 3.2–5 × 1.5–2.5 mm, apex truncate orobtuse. Filaments equal, 1.5–2 × as long as perianth segments,connate at base and adnate to perianth segments; outer onessubulate; inner ones broadened at base, 1-toothed on each side,teeth 1.5–2 mm, irregularly denticulate at apex. Ovary obovoid,with concave nectaries covered by hoodlike projections at base.Style exserted. Fl. and fr. Aug–Sep. 2n = 16*.Forests, shady and moist slopes, streamsides; 1400–2000 m. WHenan, S Nei Mongol (Yin Shan), S Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan.30. Allium plurifoliatum Rendle, J. Bot. 44: 43. 1906.多 叶 韭 duo ye jiuBulbs usually clustered, cylindric, thickened at base, 0.3–1cm in diam.; tunic blackish brown to yellowish brown, fibrous,sometimes subreticulate. Leaves subequaling scape, 2–6(–8)mm wide, abaxially glaucous, margin revolute, apex long acuminate.Scape 15–40 cm, terete, covered with leaf sheaths forca. 1/2 its length. Spathe 1-valved, persistent or deciduous; beakshort. Umbel laxly flowered. Pedicels subequal, 2–4 × as longas perianth, ebracteolate. Perianth pale red or pale purple to purple;outer segments ovate, boat-shaped, 3.5–4.5(–6.5) × 1.5–2.4(–3.4) mm; inner ones ovate-oblong, 4–5(–7) × 1.5–2.4(–3.4)mm, apex truncate or obtuse. Filaments equal, 1.5–2 × as longas perianth segments, connate at base and adnate to perianthsegments; outer ones subulate; inner ones subulate and entire atbase or broadened and 1-toothed on each side at base, teeth(1–)2–3 mm, irregularly denticulate at apex. Ovary obovoid,with concave nectaries covered by hoodlike projections at base.Style exserted. Fl. and fr. Jul–Oct.
- Page 3:
34b. Stem very short; leaves basal
- Page 6:
simple, erect, usually with a few s
- Page 9 and 10:
ciflorus and S. spicatus Klotzsch);
- Page 11 and 12:
pendulous .........................
- Page 14 and 15:
ase, persistent. Stamens 6, free or
- Page 16 and 17:
Helonias umbellata (Baker) N. Tanak
- Page 18 and 19:
6-11 cm, adaxially sometimes with p
- Page 20 and 21:
小 重 楼 xiao chong louPlants 7-
- Page 22 and 23:
14b. Paris thibetica var. apetala H
- Page 24 and 25:
slightly convex connective apically
- Page 26 and 27:
when dried, not wrinkled adaxially
- Page 28 and 29:
80b. Flowers much smaller, tepals 2
- Page 30 and 31:
8. Smilax davidiana A. de Candolle
- Page 32 and 33:
present. Leaf blade abaxially sligh
- Page 34 and 35:
This species was misidentified in F
- Page 36 and 37:
slightly shorter than petiole; umbe
- Page 38 and 39:
马 甲 菝 葜 ma jia ba qiaVines
- Page 40 and 41:
Vines climbing, usually unarmed. St
- Page 42 and 43:
70. Smilax bauhinioides Kunth, Enum
- Page 44 and 45:
4a. Male umbel 5-9-flowered; filame
- Page 46 and 47:
persistent tepals. Seeds many, glob
- Page 48 and 49:
Imag. Descr. Fl. Russ. 8. 1844; Gag
- Page 50 and 51:
ca. 2/3 as wide as inner ones.6a. I
- Page 52 and 53:
1a. Bracts 2-4, much smaller than l
- Page 54 and 55:
oblong to lanceolate, 2-2.5 cm × 6
- Page 56 and 57: 12b. Leaves 0.5-1 cm wide; inflores
- Page 58 and 59: Yunnan.The bulbs are used medicinal
- Page 60 and 61: 甘 肃 贝 母 gan su bei muFritil
- Page 62 and 63: ather long, slender; stigma 3-lobed
- Page 64 and 65: 2b. Flowers not campanulate, tepals
- Page 66 and 67: etween apical whorl and basal bract
- Page 68 and 69: Lilium nanum Klotzsch var. brevisty
- Page 70 and 71: 2.5-3 cm × 5-10 mm. Stem 20-30 cm,
- Page 72 and 73: 5.5-6 cm × 8-10 mm, margin revolut
- Page 74 and 75: woolly hairs ......................
- Page 76 and 77: 3-5-veined, margin papillose. Flowe
- Page 78 and 79: 3a. Inner tepals neither spotted no
- Page 80 and 81: 3a. Stems subglabrous.4a. Flowers p
- Page 82 and 83: Tepals obliquely outward spreading,
- Page 84 and 85: 12a. Tepals white to cream, spotted
- Page 86 and 87: latipetalum Collett & Hemsley; D. p
- Page 88 and 89: only slightly exserted from periant
- Page 90 and 91: laysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines
- Page 92 and 93: 3b. Perianth tube longer, to 4 cm,r
- Page 94 and 95: About 660 species: N hemisphere, ma
- Page 96 and 97: 44a. Scape 10-15(-20) cm; perianth
- Page 98 and 99: 85b. Perianth segments 3-6 mm; fila
- Page 100 and 101: 125b. Inner filaments entire at bas
- Page 102 and 103: Leaf blade without white main veins
- Page 104 and 105: irregularly 2-lobed. Filaments subu
- Page 108 and 109: Forests, slopes, pastures; 1600-330
- Page 110 and 111: (40-)50-80 cm, terete, covered with
- Page 112 and 113: 2/3-5/6 as long as perianth segment
- Page 114 and 115: Filaments shorter than perianth seg
- Page 116 and 117: umbel, covered with leaf sheaths on
- Page 118 and 119: shores; 1900-3700 m. Xinjiang [Afgh
- Page 120 and 121: 昆 仑 韭 kun lun jiuBulbs cluste
- Page 122 and 123: Bulb solitary or clustered, applana
- Page 124 and 125: 北 葱 bei congBulbs usually clust
- Page 126 and 127: 112. Allium songpanicum J. M. Xu in
- Page 128 and 129: Style exserted. Fl. and fr. May-Jul
- Page 130 and 131: Forests on shady slopes, sands, san
- Page 132 and 133: stigma small. Fruit a capsule, glob
- Page 134 and 135: 90: 27. 1931.紫 萼 zi eBryocles v
- Page 136 and 137: Tepals white, linear, membranous; o
- Page 138 and 139: 19a. Male flowers 2-4 mm; branches
- Page 140 and 141: perianth yellowish green, campanula
- Page 142 and 143: Asparagus soongoricus Iljin.Herbs d
- Page 144 and 145: 北 天 门 冬 bei tian men dongAs
- Page 146 and 147: fr. Sep-Nov.Forests, bamboo forests
- Page 148 and 149: Tovaria oleracea Baker, J. Linn. So
- Page 150 and 151: nate at base, outer ones broadly ov
- Page 152 and 153: 2.5 mm. Style ca. 2 mm; stigma capi
- Page 154 and 155: 38b. Peduncle usually 1-1.5 cm; inf
- Page 156 and 157:
5-12(-17)-flowered; peduncle 3-5 cm
- Page 158 and 159:
Himal. Mts. 1: 380. 1839.对 叶
- Page 160 and 161:
mm. Perianth pale yellow, cylindric
- Page 162 and 163:
nan [Laos, Thailand, Vietnam].2. Di
- Page 164 and 165:
Convallaria keiskei Miquel; C. keis
- Page 166 and 167:
margin, free part very short. Ovary
- Page 168 and 169:
sometimes greenish, ovate to lanceo
- Page 170 and 171:
Liang Songyun ( 梁 松 筠 Liang S
- Page 172 and 173:
lobes with a white hollow on adaxia
- Page 174 and 175:
ar-lanceolate, 30-40 × 3-5 cm, lea
- Page 176 and 177:
26. Aspidistra cruciformis Y. Wan &
- Page 178 and 179:
Fl. Apr. 2n = 36*.SW Guangxi (Longz
- Page 180 and 181:
2.5 mm. Flowers solitary, sometimes
- Page 182 and 183:
17b. Plants less than 40 cm tall; t
- Page 184 and 185:
asal one 6-8 mm. Flowers solitary;
- Page 186 and 187:
2n = 36*, 72*.Dense forests, mossy
- Page 188 and 189:
Plants stoloniferous; stolons with
- Page 190 and 191:
ulate distally. Tepals purple, or w
- Page 192:
Stem 2-3 cm. Leaves 2 or 3; petiole