(1979). Social Networks and Psychology. Connections, 2 - INSNA

More documents

Recommendations

Info

- 88 -I have been illustrative rather than exhaustive in this round-up and I am sure I have neglected manyimportant contributions . Again, I welcome information and comments from others, either directly toConnections, or to me to be included in future statements .Attneave, C . L . 1969 . "Therapy in tribal settings and urban network intervention ." Family Process,192-210 .Berger, M . and Wuescher, L . 1975 . "The Family in the Substantive Environment : An Approach to the Developmentof Transactional Methodology ." Journal of Community Psychology 3 : 246-253 .Brennan, G . T . 1977 . "Work/life segmentation and human service professional : A social network approach ."Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Massachusetts at Amherst .Brim, J . A . 1974 . "Social Network Correlates of Avowed Happiness ." Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease158 : 432-439 .Bronfenbrenner, U . 1977 . "Toward an Experimental Ecology of Human Development ." American Psychologist 32 :513-531 .Brown, B . B . 1978 . "Social and Psychological Correlates of Help-Seeking Behavior Among Urban Adults ."American Journal of Community Psychology 6 : 425439 .Curtis, W . R . 1973 . "Community Human Service Networks : New Roles for Mental Health Workers ." PsychiatricAnnals 3(7) .Curtis, W . R . 1974 . "Team Problem-Solving in a Social Network ." Psychiatric Annals 4 : 11-27 .Gelinas, D . 1975 . "Support Development Issues During Life Transitions : Bereavement of Young Adults ."Paper presented at a meeting of the American Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois .Gottlieb, B . H . 1975 . "Lay Influences on the Utilization and Provision of Health Services : A Review ."Canadian Psychological Review 177 126-136 .Gottlieb, B . H . and Todd, D . M . in press . "Social Support in Natural Settings ." In : Munoz, R ., Snowdon,L . and Kelly, J . (Eds .) . Research in Social Context : Bringing About Change . San Francisco : Jossey-BassHirsch, B . J . 1977 . "Social Network as a Natural Support System ." Paper presented at a meeting of theAmerican Psychological Association, San Francisco .Kahn, R . L . 1975 . "Discussion of a Symposium on Support and Coping : Concepts, Research and Applicationsfor Community Psychology," American Psychological Association, Chicago, Illinois .Killworth, P . and Bernard, H . 1978 . "The Reverse Small-World Experiment ." Social Networks 1 : 159-192 .Lieberman, M .A . and Glidewell, J . C . (Eds .) 1978 . "Special Issue on the Helping Process ." AmericanJournal of Community Psychology 6 : whole issue .Lieberman, M . A . and Mullan, J . T . 1978 . "Does Help Help? The Adaptive Consequences of Obtaining Helpfrom Professionals and Social Networks ." American Journal of Community Psychology 6 : 499-517 .Sarason, S . B ., Carroll, C . F ., Maton, K ., Cohen, S . and Lorentz, E . 1977 . Human Services and ResourceNetworks . San Francisco : Jossey-Bass .Speck, R . V . and Attneave, C . L . 1973 . Family Networks . New York : Vintage Books .Steiner, I . D . 1974 . "Whatever Happened to the Group in Social Psychology ." Journal of ExperimentalSocial Psychology 10 : 94-108 .Toldsdorf, C . C . 1976 . "Social Networks, Support, and Coping : An Exploratory Study ." Family Process 15 :407-417 .Travers, J . and Milgram, S . 1969 . "An Experimental Study of the Small World Problem ." Sociometry 32 :425-443 .Walker, K . N ., MacBride : A ., and Vachon, M . L . 1977 . "Social Support Networks and the Crisis of Bereavement,"Social Science and Medicine l17 35"41 .
- 89 -EXPECTATIONS IN A SOCIAL NETWORK: THE SMALL WORLD OF BOCHNER, BUKER, AND MCLEOD REVISITEDLinton C . Freeman 1 (Social Relations, Lehigh U .)ABSTRACT . Some of the data from a "small world" study by Rochner, Buker and McLeod(1976) are reanalyzed to illustrate one of the difficulties in the statisticaltreatment of such social networks data . A conclusion reported in the originalarticle is found to be incorrect and a new result is recorded .The purpose of this note is to explore one of the special problems in the statistical analysisdata generated in the study of social networks : the calculation of expected frequencies . This willdone in the context of a reexamination of the data from Table 4 of a recent study by Bochner, BukerMcLeod (1976) hereafter referred to as BB&M .TheBB&MStudyThe article by BB&M provides an excellent illustration of one of the special problems of statisticalanalysis of social network data . It describes an inherently interesting problem and includes an imaginativedesign for the collection of d ata . B B &M were concerned with the problem of evaluating the effectivenessof an international educational and living center in fostering friendships among people from vastlydifferent backgrounds . Do experiences in such a center, they asked, generate warm and intimate connectionsbetween the people involved?BB&M designed a variation of Milgram's (1967) small world experiment in which they had persons in asample of students in an international living center each pass a packet to another whom they consideredto be a friend . Persons chosen this way were requested to continue passing the packet . Thus, the datagenerated were a set of 18 chains, varying in length from 0 to 15 steps, each representing the history ofthe passage of a packet . Various kinds of personal attribute data on each subject were also recorded .The problem, as defined by BB&M, was to assess the impact of individual attributes--like nationality,sex, program of instruction in the center and location of residence--on choice of friends . Thus, theirindependent variables were attributes of persons and their dependent variable was the dyadic relation offriendship choice . Their research goal was to determine the degree to which any friendship choice isbiased by the characteristics of the chooser and his or her potential targets . They were not concernedwith choice biases determined by the structure of the relations between points established earlier in thechain . 2BB&M define a transaction as "the handing on of a booklet by one person to another ." In reportingtheir data BB&M have decomposed the chains into their pairwise components (thereby eliminating thepossibility of studying sequential effects) . They concentrate instead on studying biases in the generationof from-to pairs .BB&M reported a significant tendency for persons to pass messages to targets of the same nationality,gender and program of study . Their analysis of data on housing propinquity, however, led them to theconclusion that proximity effects were small .Reanalysis of the Propinquity DataTABLE 1PROPINQUITY DATAofbeandDistance between roomsof initiator and receiverNumber oftransactionsRoommate 7Same Unit 20Same Floor 18Same Building 35Different Building 6(Source : BB&M, Table 4)Table 1 shows the "propinquity data" as reported in BB&M's Table 4, BB&M in referring to this tablereported that, "The model transaction occurred between two persons who occupied the same building butlived on different floors, indicating that physical proximity played only a minor role in determining thepattern of responses ." They went on to argue that, "the absence of a strong proximity effect," in contrastto the findings of other studies, was fortunate because it left the main determinants of response patternsunmarred "by internal inconsistency ."
Page 1 and 2: The International Network for Socia
Page 3 and 4: NETWORK NOTEBOOKTheEditors'Request
Page 5 and 6: - 63 -ditions of stagflationary cri
Page 7 and 8: Michael Pearlman . 1977a . "Great B
Page 9 and 10: - 67 -MIGRATION AND SETTLEMENT . (S
Page 11 and 12: -69-PAPERSRUDIMENTARY NETWORKS AMON
Page 13 and 14: provided the following improved spe
Page 15 and 16: - 73 -analysis and differentiates h
Page 17 and 18: - 75 -normally been intentionally e
Page 19 and 20: - 77 -classes" which are "in betwee
Page 21 and 22: - 79 -charisma . As a consequence,
Page 23 and 24: - 81 -URBAN SOCIOLOGY IN BRITAIN AN
Page 25 and 26: - 83 -Footnotes1 . Michael Harloe (
Page 27: - 85 -help make sense of interlocki
Page 32 and 33: - 9 0 -The only trouble with that c
Page 34 and 35: - 9 2 -RESEARCH REPORTSDATA OF MICR
Page 36 and 37: staff--two of whom are native Miski
Page 38 and 39: - 9 6 -SI'EQAL JOURNAL ISSUESAbstra
Page 40 and 41: - 98 -fits in a given industry of f
Page 42 and 43: - 100 -THESIS SUMMARIESTHE CONTENT
Page 44 and 45: - 1 0 2 -Since the theory postulate
Page 46 and 47: - 1 0 4 -financial dependence, inte
Page 48 and 49: - 1 0 6 -John Foster, 1974 . Class
Page 50 and 51: - 1 0 8 -Clearly, in order to find
Page 52 and 53: ANU-MACRONET2 . A PROGRAM FOR COMPU
Page 54 and 55: ABSTRACTSABRAMS, Philip (Sociology,
Page 56 and 57: This analysis is based upon Franco
Page 58 and 59: on the fact that they and those who
Page 60 and 61: NEWBY, Howard (Sociology, Essex) "U
Page 62 and 63: - 120 -SMITH, Christopher J . (Okla

(1979). Social Networks and Psychology. Connections, 2 - INSNA

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?