Fall 2011 Bulletin Vol. 27, Number 1 (PDF) - Center for Gender in ...

and working lives. To ensure juscebecomes a reality for all women, UNWomen calls on governments to repeallaws that discriminate against women,and ensure that legislaon protectswomen from violence and inequality inthe home and the workplace; supportinnovave jusce services, includingone-stop shops, legal aid and specializedcourts, to ensure women can access thejusce to which they are entled; andput women on the frontline of juscedelivery as police, judges, legislators andacvists; and invest in jusce systemsthat can respond to women’s needs.Women and Children Firstnyurl.com/3g8h2pn“Good Pracce Guide: CommunityMobilizaon through Women’s Groupsto Improve the Health of Mothers andBabies,” 2011. The aim of the guide isto provide a case study of good praccein working with women’s groups toaddress maternal and newborn healthand to share lessons learned from thisexperience. While the guide describesan approach used in rural communiesin India and Bangladesh, this canbe successfully adapted to differentcontexts. The project worked throughwomen’s groups, using a parcipatorylearning and acon cycle, to mobilizecommunity acon to improve thehealth of mothers and babies. In India,the project resulted in a 45 percentreducon in newborn deaths and areducon in maternal deaths, as wellas a 57 percent reducon in moderatematernal depression. In Bangladesh,the project resulted in an increase inuptake of health services. In both Indiaand Bangladesh, the project resulted ina significant improvement in hygienicdelivery pracces, including use ofdelivery kits, and an increase in exclusivebreaseeding.Women’s Edge Coalitionnyurl.com/3z4q96s“NAFTA and the FTAA: a Gender Analysisof Employment and Poverty Impacts inAgriculture,” by Marceline White, CarlosSalas and Sarah Gammage, 2003, 48 pp.This case study seeks to quanfy thedifferenal impact of trade agreementson Mexican women and men so thatthe lessons learned can inform newtrade agreements. It uses the TradeImpact Review (TIR) developed by theWomen’s Edge Coalion for their LookFIRST (Full Impact Review and Screeningof Trade) campaign. This frameworkenables trade negoators, governmentsand others to forecast the potenalbenefits and drawbacks of a tradeagreement before it is rafied. Since theNorth American Free Trade Agreement(NAFTA) was introduced, the numberof female-headed households livingin poverty in Mexico has increased by50 percent. While the jobs created byNAFTA primarily went to women, theyare low-waged and insecure jobs, forexample in the border export factories(maquiladoras). While offering womensome autonomy, they do not alleviatepoverty.Women in Development Europe(WIDE)nyurl.com/3h3jeqc“Informaon Sheet: Gender andTrade Indicators,” 2002, 4 pp.WIDE’s informaon sheet—aimed atgovernments, trade policy makers, theWorld Trade Organizaon and academicresearchers—is designed to assist effortsto measure and monitor the relaonshipbetween trade and gender. It outlinesthree sets of indicators which can beapplied to an analysis of any tradingrelaonship between countries ortrade blocks. The first are situaonalindicators, which describe the social andeconomic posion of women. Theseshould be ulized as a starng pointfor any gender analysis of trade. Thesecond indicator is of polical will, whichmeasures the extent to which tradepolicy makers take gender concerns intoaccount, and to what extent they actuallyinclude gender equality measures inthe trade agreements they negoatewith a trading partner. Finally, there aredynamic indicators including measuressuch as trading volumes as well as abreakdown of trade by sector, includingagriculture and manufacturing. Thesedynamic indicators provide insights intothe links between gender and tradeover the period that a trade agreementis operang, where, for instance, thesituaon before an agreement could becompared with the situaon five yearsaer the start of a trade agreement.They therefore show to what extentwomen gain or lose from increasedtrade. The informaon sheet concludeswith a number of praccal uses for theseindicators, including: to assess how wellgender policy coincides or overlaps withtrade policy; to assess the genderedeffects of trade and the effect thattrade has on gender relaons; to assessthe need for gender-sensive policymeasures in trade agreements; to assessthe need for gender-sensive policymeasures to be included in trade policy.The World Bank South Asia RegionHuman Development Unitnyurl.com/3ha6sp5“Empowering Women: The Effect ofWomen’s Decision-Making Poweron Reproducve Health ServicesUptake Evidence from Pakistan,” byXiaohui Hou and Ning Ma, 2011, 20 pp.What correlaons are there betweenwomen’s autonomy and their uptakeof reproducve health services inPakistan? This policy research workingpaper suggests that women’s decisionmaking power has a significant posiveimpact on services uptake, whileinfluenal males’ decision makingpower has the opposite effect. Thisstudy finds that empowering women(for example, improving their educaonand economic status) improves theirulizaon of maternity services. Italso finds that reproducve healthpolicy should target Pakistani malehousehold members involved inmaking such decisions so that they maygain a greater understanding of theimportance of maternity services. Datafor this research was drawn from thePakistan Social and Living StandardsMeasurement Survey.MONOGRAPHS AND TECHNICAL REPORTS11