Fall 2011 Bulletin Vol. 27, Number 1 (PDF) - Center for Gender in ...

ArticlesAffiliaVolume 26, Issue 2, 2011“The Impact of UnintendedConsequences of the 1996 U.S.Immigraon Reform Act on Women,”by Maria Gomes and Fariyal Ross-Sheriff,pp. 117-124. One of the unintendedconsequences of the 1996 IllegalImmigraon Reform and ImmigrantResponsibility Act (IIRIRA), also knownas the 1996 Immigraon Reform Act,which was designed to address theissues of illegal immigraon in theUnited States, is the fracturing offamilies. For some female deporteeswho have lived in the United Statessince infancy, deportaon is a case ofdouble despair because they are sentaway from both the country to whichthey have been socialized and theirfamilies and are exiled to their countriesof birth, where they are strangers.Despite the interlocking and overlappingoppressions of gender, migraon status,and social class, many of these deportedmothers and grandmothers (as wellas fathers and grandfathers) have touse their social locaon and mulpleidenes to develop creave strategiesfor coping with the myriad challengesof reintegraon or reselement andparenng from strange lands, theirbirthplaces.“To Be or Not to Be a Feminist inIndia,” by Adi Mitra, pp. 182-200.This study was situated in the contextof a postcolonial understanding offeminism by women in social aconwork. It analyzed how urban middleandupper-class women in Kolkata,India, constructed a feminist praxisin terms of their everyday livedexperiences as volunteers and socialacvists and as urban Indian womenworking in the social work sector ofIndian society. The crical issue wasthe women’s concepon of feminism.Tesmonies from 21 women form thecrux of the data that were collected viasemi-structured bilingual interviewsand parcipant observaon, inspiredby feminist standpoint analysis as atheorecal interest.Volume 26, Issue 1, 2011“Gendered Maers: UndocumentedMexican Mothers in the CurrentPolicy Context,” by Michele Belliveau,pp. 32-46. Feminist theorists haveexchanged an exclusively genderedanalysis for an interseconal lens thataccounts for the mulple marginalizedlocaons occupied by individuals ina hierarchy. This arcle uses bothinterseconal and feminist standpointtheories to analyze the findings froma qualitave study of undocumentedMexican mothers’ strategies of aainingresources for their children in thecurrent policy context. Standpointtheory foregrounds the voices ofundocumented Mexican mothers, whileinterseconal analysis illuminates theirmulple and interacng social locaons.The findings that mothers accessedsome needed resources but not othersare analyzed to demonstrate therelevance of interseconal analysis topolicy development and pracce.“Experiences of Racism by FemaleMinority and Immigrant NursingAssistants,” by Natsuko Ryosho, pp.59-71. In the long-term care system,gender, race, ethnicity, and classintersect. While both care providersand consumers are predominantlywomen, their caregiving and workingrelaonships reflect a hierarchicalpaern that is based on race andsocioeconomic status. This qualitavestudy explored perceived racismand cultural conflicts of eight femaleminority and immigrant cerfied nursingassistants (CNAs) who work at theboom of the nursing home industryhierarchy. On the basis of the findings,the author discusses implicaonsfor feminist pracce in addressinginterracial and cultural issues in nursinghomes.Comparative Studies of South Asia,Africa and the Middle EastVolume 31, Issue 1, 2011“Islamic Feminism Revisited,” by HaidehMoghissi, pp. 76-84. Women in almostevery Muslim society have placed issuesof women’s rights firmly at the heartof their sociees’ polics. Womencenteredsecular religious and/ornonreligious perspecves and acvies,through their resistance against Islamistgender polics, have introduced a newdynamism into debates over religionand the secular and the separaon ofstate and faith. This essay quesonsthe outcome for women who in theirconnued and persistent intellectualtendencies push for Islamic feminism asthe only homegrown, locally produced,and culturally appropriate frame forfeminist acvism in Muslim-majoritycountries.“Ijhad and Lower-Middle-ClassWomen: Secularism in RuralBangladesh,” by Fauzia Erfan Ahmed,pp. 124-132. Scholars who argue for thecompability of Islam with democracytend to gloss over the fact that theseparaon of religion and state has nottaken place in the history of the Muslimworld. In fact, lile research has beencarried out on contemporary effortsto make this structural disncon, animperave of the democrac state.The author begins this arcle with ananalysis of the nineteenth-centurydebates between Islamic scholars andEuropean posivists and how theycreated a polarized perspecve thatframes Western secular tenets asinherently opposed to Islamic religiousprinciples and that connues to thepresent day. The author then examinesthe call by scholars and acvists toseparate religion and state in theMuslim world as well as the BangladeshSupreme Court’s decision in 2001 todeclare the fatwa unconstuonal.The author invesgates to what extentthis decree has led to the separaon1

their aackers. The media makes funof the women’s suffering, using songsto encourage male chauvinism. Thepsychologist Ruth Marina Matamorossays the situaon is so bad that violenceagainst women has been declared apublic health problem. To alleviate thisa few all-women police precincts havebeen set up, staffed by specially-trainedpolicewomen. The policewomen deplorethat no shelters exist for the baeredwomen. In the film, some of the womenaend a meeng to learn how to breakthe cycle of violence. 2010, 38 min.Good Fortune: The DevelopmentDilemma in KenyaAre internaonal aid programs in Africaundermining the very communiesthey aim to help? Good Fortune isa rare and inmate portrait of twovibrant Kenyan communies, onerural, one urban, baling to save theirhomes and businesses from largescaledevelopment organizaons.Both communies believe the aidprojects will devastate their lives andare organizing to fight back. Part I isset in the rural countryside wherean American company is threateningto flood Jackson’s family farm. Thecompany has invested over $21 millionin a commercial rice farm in the regionthat they say will smulate the economy,create employment, and provideinfrastructure. But to irrigate its farm,the company is planning to flood over1100 acres of local farmland, includingthe homes of 500 families like Jackson’s.As water reaches his doorstep, Jacksonorganizes his community and vows tofight to protect his land. Part II showsthe life of a successful midwife, SilvaAdhiambo, who lives in Kibera, Africa’slargest squaer community. Her homeand business are being demolished aspart of a UN slum-upgrading project.The government and the U.N. insistthe evicons will be temporary but theresidents do not believe them. Silva, herhusband and her neighbors organizeto stop it. The film suggests that poorpeople should not be passive recipientsof well-intenoned internaonal aidprograms that affect their lives. 2010, 73min.Films Media Groupwww.films.comTribal Wives: Female Roles, WesternNorms, and Tribal LifeEntering a developing-world culture,especially an isolated one, is a realitycheck for any Westerner. If the visitor isa woman, issues related to patriarchalcontrol and female independencewill almost certainly shape herinteracons with the community. Thisthree-part series follows three Brishwomen as they become temporaryaddions to families in remote areasof Turkey, Tanzania, and Ethiopia. Asan on-the-ground case study, eachepisode evokes challenging quesonsregarding women’s rights across theglobe. To what extent can we imposeWestern standards? Should they enterthe discussion at all? Is defiance orconformity the beer strategy whenthe customs under discussion, howeveralien, are no longer theorecal? 2010,50 min.Icarus Filmswww.icarusfilms.comNostalgia for the LightFor his new film master directorPatricio Guzmán travels 10,000 feetabove sea level to the driest placeon earth, the Atacama Desert, whereatop the mountains astronomers fromall over the world gather to observethe stars. The Atacama is also a placewhere the harsh heat of the sunkeeps human remains intact: those ofPre-Columbian mummies; 19th centuryexplorers and miners; and the remainsof polical prisoners, “disappeared”by the Chilean army aer the militarycoup of September, 1973. So whileastronomers examine the most distantand oldest galaxies, at the foot of themountains, women, surviving relavesof the disappeared whose bodies weredumped here, search, even aer twentyfiveyears, for the remains of theirloved ones, to reclaim their families’histories. Melding the celesal quest ofthe astronomers and the earthly one ofthe women, Nostalgia for the Light is agorgeous, moving, and deeply personalodyssey. 2011, 90 min.Indie Pix Filmswww.indiepixfilms.comPearls on the Ocean FloorPearls on the Ocean Floor examines thelives and works of Iranian female visualarsts living and working in and outsidethe Islamic Republic. This unflinchingand incisive study, featuring interviewswith Shirin Neshat, Shadi Ghadirian,Parastou Forouhar, Sara Rahbar, andtwelve others, captures the uncertaintyof this momentous me in Iran’s history.Speaking with grace and honesty, thesebrave women express what is seldomseen in the western media: uniqueindividual perspecves regarding issuesof identy, gender, and the role art playsin challenging the tradional stereotypesoen associated with women in Iran.2009, 77 min.Women Make Movieswww.wmm.comThe Price of SexAn unprecedented and compellinginquiry into a dark side of immigraonso difficult to cover or probe withdepth, The Price of Sex sheds light onthe underground criminal network ofhuman trafficking and experiences oftrafficked Eastern European womenforced into prostuon abroad.Filming under cover with extraordinaryaccess, even posing as a prostute togather her material, Bulgarian-bornChakarova travels from impoverishedrural areas in post-Communist EasternEurope, including her grandmother’svillage, to Turkey, Greece, and Dubai.This dangerous invesgave journeybrings Chakarova face to face withtrafficked women willing to trust herand appear on film undisguised. Theirharrowing first-person accounts, as wellas interviews with traffickers, clients,and an-trafficking acvists, expose theroot causes, complex connecons, andstark significance of sexual slavery today.2011, 73 min.AUDIOVISUALS5

Monographs and Technical ReportsActionAidnyurl.com/5varpta“Farming as Equals: How SupporngWomen’s Rights and Gender EqualityMakes the Difference,” 2011, 44 pp. Thisreport takes seven concrete examplesof policy intervenons which highlightgood pracce for focusing on women,and combines this with wider evidenceto draw out key lessons fordelivering stronger outcomesfor women smallholderfarmers. It then looks at thecurrent role that differentinstuons and donors areplaying in supporng women,concluding with concrete stepsthat donors and mullateraliniaves can take to startpung women’s rights andgender equality at the heart oftheir agricultural policies.Arid Lands InformationNetworknyurl.com/4x3vrax“Joto Afrika: Women asKey Players in ClimateAdaptaon,” by G. Adeniji,2011, 8 pp. Joto Afrika, Swahilifor “Africa is feeling theheat,” is a series of briefingsand online resources aboutadapng to climate change inAfrica. Gender oen dictateswho gains and who losesin environmental disasters:where women lack basicrights, more will die fromnatural disasters than men;where they enjoy equal rights,the death rate is the same. Globaldebates therefore idenfy the need tomainstream gender into climate changeanalysis, parcularly as women provideup to 90 percent of rural poor people’sfood and produce 60-80 percent ofthe food in most developing countriesbut are insufficiently represented indecision-making processes on climatechange. Drawing on case studies andlocal acon in countries across Africa(South Africa, Togo, Cameroon, Namibia,Kenya and Tanzania), the sixth edionof the briefing series highlights ways toimprove gender analysis and increaserepresentaon in climate adaptaon.Association for Women’s Rights inDevelopment (AWID)nyurl.com/3vt7qlm“Capturing Change In Women’sRealies: A Crical Overview of CurrentMonitoring and Evaluaon Frameworksand Approaches,” by Srilatha Batliwalaand Alexandra Piman, 2010, 43 pp. Thisdocument provides a crique of currentmonitoring and evaluaon frameworksand approaches as experienced bywomen’s organizaons and movementsworldwide along with an analysis ofa large number of monitoring andevaluaon frameworks and tools. PartI of this document provides a broadoverview of common challenges withmonitoring and evaluaonand idenfies feministpracces for engaging in tostrengthen organizaonallearning and more readilycapture the complexchanges that women’sempowerment and genderequality work seek. Part IIoffers an analysis of a largenumber of monitoring andevaluaon frameworksand tools, along with someof their strengths andweaknesses in assessingwomen’s rights and genderequality processes andimpacts.nyurl.com/5v4t4ez“The Power of Invesngin Women’s Rights andEmpowerment: A Mid-TermSummary of the MDG3Fund and its GenderEquality Outcomes,” byAlexandra Piman, 2011,18 pp. This brief shares anassessment of the DutchMDG3 Fund, highlighngthe mid-term outcomes ofgrants made to a sample ofwomen’s organizaons worldwide. Thefindings reveal how crical support towomen’s organizaons, working from arights-based approach, catalyzes a broadand wide-reaching set of outcomes thattruly make a difference in women’s lives,rights, and parcipaon around theworld.6

Center for Advocacy on Stigmaand Marginalization and the PauloLongo Research Initiativenyurl.com/4x2lk52“The First Pan-India Survey of SexWorkers: A Summary of PreliminaryResults,” by Rohini Shani and V. KalyanShankar, 2011, 14 pp. This pan-Indiasurvey found that while poverty andlimited educaon are condions thatpush women into sex work, povertypushes women into other labormarkets at earlier ages than in sexwork. Therefore, sex work cannot beconsidered as singular or isolated in itslinks with poverty, as other occupaonsare pursued before sex work emerges oris considered as an opon. Sex work mayalso be regarded as offering a significantsupplementary income to other formsof labor. Many of those surveyed alsoworked in diverse occupaons in theunskilled manufacturing or servicessector for extremely poor wages.Federal Ministry of Health ofNigerianyurl.com/3p6d3dc“Saving Newborn Lives in Nigeria:Newborn Health in the Context of theIntegrated Maternal, Newborn andChild Health Strategy,” 2011, 120 pp.This report contains new data thatshows that as the death toll in Nigeriais falling, the percentage of deathsthat happen in the first month of life isincreasing. The authors argue that, since241,000 babies die in the first monthof life in Nigeria every year, Nigeria isthe African country with the highestnewborn death toll. The authors reportthat newborn deaths now make up 28percent of all deaths under five yearscompared to 24 percent two years ago.Also, six out of 10 mothers give birthat home without access to skilled careduring childbirth and it is in the firstfew days of life when both women andnewborns are most at risk.Food and Agricultural Association(FAO)nyurl.com/3lvuhtr“Governing Land for Women and Men:Gender and Voluntary Guidelineson Responsible Governance of Landand Other Natural Resources,” byElizabeth Daley and Clara Mi-youngPark, 2011, 45 pp. This paper is wrienas a contribuon to the subsequentpreparaon of the Gender TechnicalGuide, tentavely tled, “GoverningLand for Women and Men,” whichwill focus on gender-equitable landgovernance and what this means inpracce for all the naonal and localgovernment officials, civil societygroups, and land administrators,technicians and professionals workingin the land sector worldwide. Thepaper is based both on the outcomesof the consultaon process to date andon supporng research, consultaonand literature review on gender andgovernance of tenure. It contextualizesand defines gender, discusses whatgovernance of tenure means from agender perspecve, and idenfies andanalyzes key issues and themes. It thensummarizes the recommendaonsrelevant to gender that emerged duringconsultaons in different regions of theworld.nyurl.com/3lbg42z“The Vital Role of Women In AgricultureAnd Rural Development,” 2011, 11 pp.This document provides evidence onthe vital role of women in agricultureand rural development. It demonstratesthat eliminang the gap between menand women in access to agriculturalresources and inputs would raise yieldson women’s farms by 20-30 percentand increase agricultural producon indeveloping countries by 2.5-4 percent,which could in turn reduce the numberof undernourished people in the worldby 12-17 percent or 100-150 millionpeople. The document also reviewspolicy recommendaons and provenstrategies for closing the gender gap inagriculture and rural development.Forest Peoples Programmenyurl.com/3tc4ax4“E-Newsleer: Special Edion onGender,” 2011, 14 pp. The arclesassembled in this special edion of theFPP newsleer highlight the genderedaspects of FPP’s work with its partners.In Indonesia, Thailand, and Guyana,aenon to women’s systems of landuse shows how these complement malesystems of land use. When indigenouswomen also mobilize to defend theirrights, then the collecve force of thesociety is strengthened, not divided. Thisnewsleer highlights discussions amongindigenous women themselves, onhow best to approach issues of genderdiscriminaon in their own countriesand communies.Gender Actionnyurl.com/3on4ovh“Gender, IFIs, And Food Insecurity,”2011, 4 pp. Gender Acon’s primerexplores IFI-related causes and genderspecificimpacts of recent soaring foodprices. Demonstrang that IFI-ledagriculture, macroeconomic, financialand trade policies in developingcountries intensify gender inequaliesand disproporonately impoverishwomen and girls, this primerrecommends targeted acons IFIs musttake to address the disproporonatelynegave impact of food insecurity onwomen and girls.Gender at Worknyurl.com/43puehy“A Holisc Approach to GenderEquality and Social Jusce,” by MichelFriedman and Ray Gordezky, 2011, 18pp. The authors of this paper describethe key elements of Gender at Work’sOrganisaon Strengthening Program:the Integral Framework, Acon Learningand Capacity pracces. These representideas woven together from a variety offields (concerned with the individuals’psychology and consciousness, access toresources, and the social structures inwhich they live and work) to address thelack of progress toward gender equality.This paper builds on over 15 years ofGender at Work’s engagement withcivil society organizaons on women’srights, gender equality and social jusceissues in Bangladesh, South Africa,India, Ethiopia, Sudan, Somalia, Kenya,Uganda and Zanzibar, as well as previouspapers wrien for the organizaon. ItMONOGRAPHS AND TECHNICAL REPORTS7

highlight the significance of gender rolesand equality in improving nutrion andhealth: homestead food producon;linking small holders; and producermarkeng groups.nyurl.com/6j7m865“Agricultural Extension Services andGender Equality: An InstuonalAnalysis of Four Districts in Ethiopia,”by Marc Cohen and Mamusha Lemma,2011, 44 pp. This paper exploreswhether decentralizaon has improvedthe quality of service delivery andcizen sasfacon with the servicesprovided, focusing on agriculturalextension. Specifically, authors examinewhether services are responsive to theneeds and expressed demands of poorfarmers, including women farmers.This arcle focuses on the instuonalarrangements through which agriculturalextension services are provided andhow these contribute to efficiency,effecveness, and equity in servicedelivery. Authors carried out qualitaveresearch on these quesons in fourdistricts in four different regional states.Findings include: (1) deployment ofextension agents to rural communies(kebeles) has increased the agents’knowledge of local problems as well asaccess to extension services for bothfemale and male farmers; (2) rapidexpansion of the service has createdopportunies for women to becomeagents; and (3) both male and femaleagents offer services to women farmers.The authors conclude that greateremphasis on downward accountability inservice provision would allow extensionagents to adapt their services to theneeds and knowledge of the farmers.nyurl.com/62au9ks“Do Men and Women AccumulateAssets in Different Ways?: Evidencefrom Rural Bangladesh,” by Agnes R.Quisumbing, 2011, 43 pp. This paperexamines asset dynamics for husbandowned,wife-owned, and jointly ownedassets, using unique longitudinalsurvey data from rural Bangladesh.Nonparametric and parametric methodsare used to examine the shape of thedynamic asset froner, the numberof equilibria, and whether land andnon-land asset stocks converge to suchequilibria. The paper also invesgatesthe differenal impact of negaveshocks and posive events on husbands’,wives’, and jointly owned assets.Husbands’ and wives’ asset stocksare drawn down for different kinds ofshocks, with husbands’ assets beingliquidated in response to death of ahousehold member and dowry andwedding expenses, and both husbands’and wives’ assets being negavelyaffected by illness shocks. The paperconcludes by drawing out implicaonsfor the design of gender-sensive socialprotecon mechanisms.International Gender and TradeNetworknyurl.com/3d7sqb6“A Gender Primer of Trade andInvestment Policies,” by PamelaSparr, 2002, 11 pp. This paper looksat the policy measures put in place bygovernments to regulate internaonaltrade, and considers how thesemeasures relate to gender roles andrelaonships. It discusses the reasonsfor addressing gender in the context oftrade, arguing that trade has differentimpacts on men and women, and thatmen and women respond differently totrade policies. It then analyzes severalkey policy measures including: tariffs,quotas, subsidies, exchange rates,capital controls/investment limitaons,investment incenves, intellectualproperty and non-tariff barriers. Foreach of these measures a definionis provided, as well as an outline ofpurpose and a gendered example. In thecase of tariffs, for example, the paperdescribes how in Senegal the lowering oftariffs on foodstuffs has had an adverseeffect on a women’s tomato pastemicroenterprise which collapsed whencheap imports of tomatoes floodedthe market. The paper concludes byhighlighng the need to undertakesocial impact assessments with a stronggender component, which should becarried out before trade and investmentagreements are finalized.Norwegian Agency for DevelopmentCooperationnyurl.com/5vnem“Gender Review: Royal NorwegianEmbassy Islamabad, Pakistan,”Peer Bauck, Janne Lexow, and JanneAndresen, 2011, 52 pp. In 2007Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs(MFA) adopted an acon plan forWomen’s Rights and Gender Equalityin Development Cooperaon (GEAP).The purpose of this gender review is tostrengthen the efforts of the Norwegianembassy in Pakistan in parcular to plan,implement, monitor, and report on howissues are promoted in programs andin the policy dialogue with partners.The paper demonstrates these twofindings: first, that Pakistan’s genderindicators are discouraging since itranks as one of the worst countriesin the world in terms of gender gap;and second, that women’s hard-wonlegal rights are under pressure as theFederal Shariat Court (FSC) of Pakistanhas declared several crical clauses ofthe Protecon of Women Act of 2006unconstuonal. The report concludeswith recommendaons regardingopportunies for the embassy toimprove gender mainstreaming in theprogram follow up, and to strengthenthe instuonalizaon of cross-cungconcerns at the embassy.Plan Internationalnyurl.com/3tc7f9w“Weathering the Storm: AdolescentGirls and Climate Change” by A. Swarup,2011, 44 pp. Analyzing how and whyclimate change disproporonatelyaffects adolescent girls, this reportseeks to inform decision-makers andpolicy analysts in countries facing thepressures of climate change about waysforward. Using evidence collected fromEthiopia and Bangladesh, the reportdemonstrates that climate change isexposing a growing number of girlsand young women to very specificrisks. These risks include dying duringdisasters, enduring early and forcedmarriages, being exposed to sexualviolence, and dropping out of school.MONOGRAPHS AND TECHNICAL REPORTS9

Rwanda Men Engage Networknyurl.com/3fcysap“Masculinity and Gender-BasedViolence in Rwanda: Experiences andPercepons of Men and Women,”2010, 58 pp. This report examines theresults of the first naonal householdsurvey conducted in Rwanda (fromJanuary 2010 to June 2010) regardingmen and women’s perceponsof masculinity and gender-basedviolence (GBV). The experiences andopinions of those surveyed werequantavely and qualitavely studiedin relaon to the ways in which menare supposed to behave according toRwandan sociocultural norms. The finalsecon contains recommendaonsfor developing programs, includingawareness trainings, psychosocialsupport and campaignswith a special focuson male environmentssuch as the police andarmy. This official reportwas commissionedby the Rwanda MenEngage Network andcoordinated by theRwanda Men’s ResourceCentre.Save the ChildrenFundnyurl.com/3dwd22p“Champions for theChildren: State of theWorld’s Mothers,” 2011,42 pp. This State of theWorld’s Mothers reportranks 164 countrieson women’s access tohealth care, educaonand opportunies.Whereas millionsof children are alivetoday because of pastinvestments in lifesavingprograms, the authorsnote that 22,000children sll perishper day, mostly frompreventable or treatablecauses. The authorscontend that Norway is the world’s bestplace to be a mother. Also, eight of the10 top-ranked countries are in WesternEurope, and the remaining two are inthe southern hemisphere, with Australiaranking second and New Zealand eighth.On the other hand, eight of the world’s10 worst countries to be a mother are inSub-Saharan Africa. The worst place inthe world to be a mother, according tothe authors, is Afghanistan. The authorsargue that despite ongoing conflictand rising civilian casuales, expecngmothers in Afghanistan are at least 200mes more likely to die during childbirththan from bombs or bullets. In light ofthis, the authors conclude that whilemany countries are making progress,many are sll lagging behind and thusin need of support. Finally, the authorsargue that effecve soluons to thischallenge are affordable—even in theworld’s poorest countries.United Nationsnyurl.com/6k7wncd“State of the World’s Minories andIndigenous Peoples 2011,” 2011, 262pp. This year’s edion presents anoverview of the situaon of minority andindigenous women today, and includesdiscussions of gender-based violenceand armed conflict, including theviolence that indigenous and minoritywomen experience within their owncommunies, and the difficules thatthey face in accessing jusce and supportfrom outside; consideraon of the lackof progress made towards achievingthe Millennium Development Goals forminority and indigenouswomen, with specialfocus on reproducverights and maternalmortality; interviewsand special reports ontrafficking, interseconaldiscriminaon, landseizures and women’spolical representaon;overviews of the humanrights situaon of minoriesand indigenous peoples inevery major world region.UN Womenprogress.unwomen.org“Progress Of The World’sWomen: In Pursuit OfJusce,” 2011, 167 pp. Thisreport is UN Women’s firstmajor report, followingthe organizaon’s launchin early 2011. It recognizesthe posive progressmade—139 countriesand territories nowguarantee gender equalityin their constuons, forexample—but also showsthat too oen, womenconnue to experienceinjusce, violence andinequality in their home10MONOGRAPHS AND TECHNICAL REPORTS

and working lives. To ensure juscebecomes a reality for all women, UNWomen calls on governments to repeallaws that discriminate against women,and ensure that legislaon protectswomen from violence and inequality inthe home and the workplace; supportinnovave jusce services, includingone-stop shops, legal aid and specializedcourts, to ensure women can access thejusce to which they are entled; andput women on the frontline of juscedelivery as police, judges, legislators andacvists; and invest in jusce systemsthat can respond to women’s needs.Women and Children Firstnyurl.com/3g8h2pn“Good Pracce Guide: CommunityMobilizaon through Women’s Groupsto Improve the Health of Mothers andBabies,” 2011. The aim of the guide isto provide a case study of good praccein working with women’s groups toaddress maternal and newborn healthand to share lessons learned from thisexperience. While the guide describesan approach used in rural communiesin India and Bangladesh, this canbe successfully adapted to differentcontexts. The project worked throughwomen’s groups, using a parcipatorylearning and acon cycle, to mobilizecommunity acon to improve thehealth of mothers and babies. In India,the project resulted in a 45 percentreducon in newborn deaths and areducon in maternal deaths, as wellas a 57 percent reducon in moderatematernal depression. In Bangladesh,the project resulted in an increase inuptake of health services. In both Indiaand Bangladesh, the project resulted ina significant improvement in hygienicdelivery pracces, including use ofdelivery kits, and an increase in exclusivebreaseeding.Women’s Edge Coalitionnyurl.com/3z4q96s“NAFTA and the FTAA: a Gender Analysisof Employment and Poverty Impacts inAgriculture,” by Marceline White, CarlosSalas and Sarah Gammage, 2003, 48 pp.This case study seeks to quanfy thedifferenal impact of trade agreementson Mexican women and men so thatthe lessons learned can inform newtrade agreements. It uses the TradeImpact Review (TIR) developed by theWomen’s Edge Coalion for their LookFIRST (Full Impact Review and Screeningof Trade) campaign. This frameworkenables trade negoators, governmentsand others to forecast the potenalbenefits and drawbacks of a tradeagreement before it is rafied. Since theNorth American Free Trade Agreement(NAFTA) was introduced, the numberof female-headed households livingin poverty in Mexico has increased by50 percent. While the jobs created byNAFTA primarily went to women, theyare low-waged and insecure jobs, forexample in the border export factories(maquiladoras). While offering womensome autonomy, they do not alleviatepoverty.Women in Development Europe(WIDE)nyurl.com/3h3jeqc“Informaon Sheet: Gender andTrade Indicators,” 2002, 4 pp.WIDE’s informaon sheet—aimed atgovernments, trade policy makers, theWorld Trade Organizaon and academicresearchers—is designed to assist effortsto measure and monitor the relaonshipbetween trade and gender. It outlinesthree sets of indicators which can beapplied to an analysis of any tradingrelaonship between countries ortrade blocks. The first are situaonalindicators, which describe the social andeconomic posion of women. Theseshould be ulized as a starng pointfor any gender analysis of trade. Thesecond indicator is of polical will, whichmeasures the extent to which tradepolicy makers take gender concerns intoaccount, and to what extent they actuallyinclude gender equality measures inthe trade agreements they negoatewith a trading partner. Finally, there aredynamic indicators including measuressuch as trading volumes as well as abreakdown of trade by sector, includingagriculture and manufacturing. Thesedynamic indicators provide insights intothe links between gender and tradeover the period that a trade agreementis operang, where, for instance, thesituaon before an agreement could becompared with the situaon five yearsaer the start of a trade agreement.They therefore show to what extentwomen gain or lose from increasedtrade. The informaon sheet concludeswith a number of praccal uses for theseindicators, including: to assess how wellgender policy coincides or overlaps withtrade policy; to assess the genderedeffects of trade and the effect thattrade has on gender relaons; to assessthe need for gender-sensive policymeasures in trade agreements; to assessthe need for gender-sensive policymeasures to be included in trade policy.The World Bank South Asia RegionHuman Development Unitnyurl.com/3ha6sp5“Empowering Women: The Effect ofWomen’s Decision-Making Poweron Reproducve Health ServicesUptake Evidence from Pakistan,” byXiaohui Hou and Ning Ma, 2011, 20 pp.What correlaons are there betweenwomen’s autonomy and their uptakeof reproducve health services inPakistan? This policy research workingpaper suggests that women’s decisionmaking power has a significant posiveimpact on services uptake, whileinfluenal males’ decision makingpower has the opposite effect. Thisstudy finds that empowering women(for example, improving their educaonand economic status) improves theirulizaon of maternity services. Italso finds that reproducve healthpolicy should target Pakistani malehousehold members involved inmaking such decisions so that they maygain a greater understanding of theimportance of maternity services. Datafor this research was drawn from thePakistan Social and Living StandardsMeasurement Survey.MONOGRAPHS AND TECHNICAL REPORTS11

PeriodicalsGender and DevelopmentVolume 19, Number 1, 2011The special issue on migraon includesthe following arcles:• Remiances and TransnaonalFamilies in Italy and the Philippines:Breaking the Global Care Chain, byCharito Basa, Wendy Harcourt, andAngela Zarro• Climate Change and Migraon: a CaseStudy from Rural Bangladesh, by KathaKarki• Gendering Remiances in Albania:a Human and Social DevelopmentPerspecve, by Julie Vullnetari andRussell King• Feminised Financial Flows inHonduran-US Transnaonal Families, byAllison J. Petrozziello• The Impact of Remiances on GenderRoles and Opportunies for Children:Research from the InternaonalOrganizaon for Migraon, by Chrisne12Aghazarm et al.• Construcng “Modern GenderedCivilised” Women and Men: Gender-Mainstreaming in Refugee Camps, byKatarzyna Grabska• Protecng Migrant Domesc Workersin the UK, by Krisnah Poinasamy• Who Cares? HIV Related Sickness,Urban-Rural Linkages, and the GenderedRole of Care in Return Migraon inSouth Africa, by Lorena Nunez, JoVearey, and Sco Drimie• The Influence of Male Migraon onFemale Resources, Independence, andDevelopment in Gambian Villages, byBjörn GunnarssonInstitute of Development StudiesBulletinVolume 42, Issue 1, 2011The special issue on Gender, Rights andReligion at the Crossroads includes thefollowing arcles:• Introducon: Gender, Rights andReligion at the Crossroads, by MarizTadros• Disentangling Religion and Polics:Whither Gender Equality?, by DenizKandiyo• Religion and Development:A Praconer’s Perspecve onInstrumentalisaon, by CassandraBalchin• The Islamisaon of Human Rights:Implicaons for Gender and Polics inthe Middle East, by Yousry Moustafa• Cohesion, Mul-Faithism and theErosion of Secular Spaces in the UK:Implicaons for the Human Rights ofMinority Women, by Pragna Patel• Islamism and Secularism: BetweenState Instrumentalisaon andOpposion Islamic Movements, by IslahJad• Re-thinking the Promoon of Women’sRights through Islam in India, by NidaKirmani• Beyond “Islam” vs“Feminism,” by ZibaMir-Hosseini• From Islamic Feminismto a Muslim HoliscFeminism, by MargotBadran• The MuslimBrotherhood’s GenderAgenda: Reformed orReframed?, by MarizTadrosJournal ofInternationalWomen’s StudiesVolume 12, Number 3,2011The special issue onArab Women and TheirStruggles for Socio-Economic and PolicalRights includes thefollowing arcles:• The Fourth Wave:Revoluon and

Democrazaon in the Arab Middle East,by Muhamad Olimat• Arab Women and PolicalDevelopment, by Rowaida Al Maaitah etal.• The Millennium Development Goals:Prospects for Gender Equality in theArab World, by Nadine Sika• Gulf Cooperaon Council (GCC)Women and Misyar Marriage: Evoluonand Progress in the Arabian Gulf, byTofol Jassim Al-Nasr• Woman Entrepreneurship in theAl-Banah Region of Oman: AnIdenficaon of the Barriers, by RuqayaAl-Sadi, Rakesh Belwal, and Raya Al-Badi• Women and the Kuwai NaonalAssembly, by Muhamad S. Olimat• Women’s Empowerment in Bahrain, byFakir Al Gharaibeh• Job Sasfacon among Women in theUnited Arab Emirates, by Musa Shallal• Engaging Ancient Islamic Tradions inthe Poetry of Saleha Ghabesh, by SaddikM. Gohar• Promong Gender-Sensive Jusceand Legal Reform in the PalesnianTerritories: Perspecves of PalesnianService Providers, by Stephanie Chaban• Factors Associated with ContracepveBooksUse among Jordanian Muslim Women:Implicaons for Health and Social Policy,by Muntaha K. Gharaibeh et al.• Women’s rights: Tunisian Women inthe Workplace, by Sangeeta Sinha• Algerian Women between FrenchEmancipaon and Religious Dominaonon Marriage and Divorce from 1959Ordonnance no. 59-274 to the 1984Code de la Famille, by Teresa Camachode AbesJournal of International Women’sStudiesVolume 12, Number 1, 2011This issue includes the following arcles:• Women War Survivors of the 1989-2003 Conflict in Liberia: The Impact ofSexual and Gender-Based Violence, byHelen Liebling-Kalifani et al.• Women and Peace Talks in Africa, byAkin Iwilade• The Golden Cage: Western Women inthe Compound in a Muslim Country, byRoni Berger• Women under Aack: Violence andPoverty in Guatemala, by CorinneOgrodnik and Silvia Borzutzky• Occupaonal Health and Safety ofWomen Workers: Viewed in the Light ofLabor Regulaons, by Jinky Leilanie Lu• Antecedent and Sequalae Issuesof Nepalese Women Trafficked intoProstuon, by Chandra Kant Jha andJeanne Madison• When the Sex Market Rejects, byHarsankar Adhikari• Gender and Increased Access toSchooling in Cameroon: A MarginalBenefit Incidence Analysis, by TabiAtemnkeng Johannes and ArmandGilbert Noula• Sexual-Polical Colonialism and Failureof Individuaon in Doris Lessing’s TheGrass is Singing, by Sima Aghazadeh• Creeping Online: Canadian FeministScholarly Journals, by Katherine Side• Risk Factors for Homelessness and SexTrade Among Incarcerated Women: AStructural Equaon Model, by SeijeoungKim, Timothy P. Johnson, SamirGoswami, and Michael Puisis• Women in Administraon in India, byJayasheela George• Gender Empowerment and Equality inRural India: Are Women’s Community-Based Enterprises the Way Forward?,by Maria-Costanza Torri and AndreaMarnezDuke University Presswww.dukepress.eduSpectacular Rhetorics: Human RightsVisions, Recognions, Feminisms,by Wendy Hesford, 2011, 296 pp.This book is a rigorous analysisof the rhetorical frameworks andnarraves that underlie human rightslaw, shape the process of culturaland legal recognion, and delimitpublic responses to violence andinjusce. Integrang visual and textualcricism, Wendy S. Hesford scrunizes“spectacular rhetoric,” the use of visualimages and rhetoric to construct certainbodies, populaons, and naons asvicms and incorporate them intohuman rights discourses geared towardWesterners, chiefly Americans. Hesfordpresents a series of case studiescriquing the visual representaonsof human suffering in documentaryfilms, photography, and theater. In eachstudy, she analyzes works addressing aprominent contemporary human rightscause, such as torture and unlawfuldetenon, ethnic genocide and rapeas a means of warfare, migraonand the trafficking of women andchildren, the global sex trade, andchild labor. Through these studies, shedemonstrates how spectacular rhetoricacvates certain cultural and naonalnarraves and social and policalrelaons, consolidates idenesthrough the polics of recognion,and configures material relaons ofpower and difference to produce and,ulmately, to govern human rightssubjects.The War Machines: Young Men andViolence in Sierra Leone and Liberia,by Danny Hoffman, 2011, 328 pp.Hoffman considers how young men aremade available for violent labor bothon the balefields and in the diamondmines, rubber plantaons, and otherunregulated industries of West Africa.Based on his ethnographic researchwith milia groups in Sierra Leoneand Liberia during those countries’recent civil wars, Hoffman traces thepath of young fighters who movedfrom grassroots community-defenseorganizaons in Sierra Leone duringthe mid-1990s into a large pool of13

mercenary labor. Hoffman argues thatin contemporary West Africa, space,sociality, and life itself are organizedaround making young men available forall manner of dangerous work. Drawingon his ethnographicresearch over thepast nine years,as well as theanthropologyof violence,interdisciplinarysecurity studies,and contemporarycrical theory, hemaintains that themobilizaon ofyoung West Africanmen exemplifiesa global trend inthe outsourcingof warfare andsecurity operaons.A similar dynamicunderlies thepolical economyof violence in Iraq,Afghanistan, and agrowing number ofpostcolonial spaces.Women, War,and the Makingof Bangladesh:Remembering1971, by YasminSaikia, 2011, 336pp. Fought betweenIndia and whatwas then East andWest Pakistan,the war of 1971led to the creaon of Bangladesh,where it is remembered as the War ofLiberaon. For India, the war representsa triumphant seling of scores withPakistan. If the war is acknowledgedin Pakistan, it is cast as an act ofbetrayal by the Bengalis. None of thesenaonalist histories convey the humancost of the war. Pakistani and Indiansoldiers and Bengali miliamen rapedand tortured women on a mass scale.In this book, survivors tell their stories,14revealing the power of speaking thatdeemed unspeakable. They talk ofvicmizaon—of rape, loss of statusand cizenship, and the “war babies”born aer 1971. The women also speakas agents of change, as social workers,caregivers, and warme fighters. In theconclusion, men who terrorized womenduring the war recollect their warmebrutality and their postwar efforts toachieve a sense of humanity.The Naon Writ Small: African Ficonsand Feminisms, 1958–1988, by SusanZ. Andrade, 2011, 280 pp. Andradefocuses on the work of Africa’s firstpost-independence generaon ofBOOKSnovelists, explaining why male writerscame to be seen as the voice of Africa’snew naon-states, and why Africanwomen writers’ commentary on naonalpolics was overlooked. Since Africa’searly female noveliststended to write about thefamily, while male authorsoen explicitly addressednaonal polics, it wasassumed that the womenwriters were uninterestedin the naon and the publicsphere. Challenging thatnoon, Andrade arguesthat the female authorsengaged naonal policsthrough allegory. In theirwork, the family stands forthe naon; it is the naonwrit small. Interprengficon by women, as wellas several feminist maleauthors, she analyzesnovels by Flora Nwapa andBuchi Emecheta (Nigeria);novellas by OusmaneSembene, Mariama Bâ, andAminata Sow Fall (Senegal);and Bildungsromansby Tsitsi Dangarembga(Zimbabwe), NuruddinFarah (Somalia), and AssiaDjebar (Algeria). Andradereveals Africa’s earlywomen novelists’ influenceon later generaons offemale authors, and shehighlights the momentwhen African womenbegan to write aboutmacropolics explicitlyrather than allegorically.Earthscanwww.earthscan.co.ukGender and Climate Change:An Introducon, edited by IreneDankelman, 2010, 312 pp. Thistextbook, now in paperback, provides acomprehensive introducon to genderaspects of climate change. Althoughclimate change affects everybody it isnot gender neutral. It has significant

social impacts and magnifies exisnginequalies such as the disparitybetween women and men in theirvulnerability and ability to cope withthis global phenomenon. Over 35authors have contributed to the book.It starts with a short history of thethinking and pracce around genderand sustainable development overthe past decades. Next it provides atheorecal framework for analyzingclimate change manifestaons andpolicies from the perspecve of genderand human security. Drawing on newresearch, the actual and potenaleffects of climate change on genderequality and women’s vulnerabiliesare examined, both in rural and urbancontexts. This is illustrated with a richrange of case studies from all over theworld and valuable lessons are drawnfrom these real experiences. Too oenwomen are primarily seen as vicms ofclimate change, and their posive rolesas agents of change and contributors tolivelihood strategies are neglected. Thebook disputes this characterizaon andprovides many examples of how womenaround the world organize and buildresilience and adapt to climate changeand the role they are playing in climatechange migaon. The final seconlooks at how far gender mainstreamingin climate migaon and adaptaonhas advanced, the policy frameworks inplace and how we can move from policyto effecve acon.Routledgewww.routledge.comGender and Labour in ContemporaryIndia: Eroding Cizenship, by AmritaChhachhi, 2011, 256 pp. Providinga comprehensive analysis of theelectronics industry in India, this bookhighlights the gendered nature of laborregimes and domesc regimes andalso the linkages between households,labor markets, factories and the state,to provide a more comprehensiveunderstanding of the relaonshipbetween gender and economic/industrial restructuring. Making animportant contribuon to the growingamount of available literature on genderand globalizaon, the author analyzesthe struggles that women workershave been engaged in over their work,wages and service condions and intheir personal lives. These asseronsof cizenship in pracce highlight thesignificance of agency and public aconin ensuring legal entlements as well asa consciousness of rights among workersand provide a new perspecve on thebroader theme of women’s employmentand globalizaon.Changing Marriage Paerns inSoutheast Asia: Economic and Socio-Cultural Dimensions, edited by GavinW. Jones, Terence H. Hull, and MaznahMohamad, 2011, 240 pp. This bookprovides a comprehensive and up-todatepicture of partnerships andmarriage in the Southeast Asian regionusing quantave data alongsidequalitave approaches. Through theresearch of demographers, sociologistsand anthropologists, it examinesthe way trends in the formaon anddissoluon of marriages are related tochanges in the region’s economy andsociety; illuminang both the broadforces affecng marriage paerns andthe way these forces work out at theindividual and family level. This bookpresents the variety of contemporarymarriage paerns in the region with anemphasis on the ways in which marriageissues impinge on the welfare of thoseconcerned.The Polical Economy of GlobalRemiances: Gender, Governmentalityand Neoliberalism, by Rahel Kunz,2011, 226 pp. Over the last decade,a new phenomenon has emergedwithin the internaonal community:the Global Remiances Trend (GRT).Thereby, government instuons,internaonal (financial) organizaons,NGOs and private sector actors havebecome interested in migraon andremiances and their potenal forpoverty reducon and development,and have started to devise instuonsand policies to harness this potenal.This book employs a gender-sensivegovernmentality analysis to trace theemergence of the GRT, to map itsconceptual and instuonal elements,and to examine its broader implicaons.Through an analysis of the GRT at theinternaonal level, combined withan in-depth case study on Mexico,this book demonstrates that theGRT is instrumental in spreading anddeepening specific forms of genderedneoliberal governmentality.Vulnerable Daughters in India: Culture,Development and Changing Contexts,by Maas Larsen, 2011, 228 pp. InIndia, girls are aborted on a massivescale merely because they are girls.Underlying this widespread problem isthe puzzling fact that daughters havebecome vulnerable in a me of generalimprovement of welfare, female statusand deep economic and social changes.The findings center on a contradiconbetween the connued importance ofthe cultural factors which for so longhave established that a son is necessary,and socioeconomic changes that arechallenging the importance of thesevery same factors. This contradiconentails an uncertainty over sonsfulfilling expectaons which has,rather than lt the balance in favor ofdaughters, instead increased the relaveimportance of sons and intensifiednegave consequences for daughters.The original findings are based on settheorec systemac comparisons ofeight villages in Himachal Pradesh thatfacilitate a reconceptualizaon and analternave analysis that takes contextualdifferences into account. It builds onextensive fieldwork and collecon ofboth qualitave and quantave data.Microcredit and Women’sEmpowerment: A Case Study ofBangladesh, by Aminul Faraizi,Taskinur Rahman, and Jim McAllister,2010, 160 pp. Using a case study ofBangladesh, and based on a long termparcipatory observaon method,this book invesgates claims of thesuccess of microcredit, as well asBOOKS 15

the criques of it, in the context ofwomen’s empowerment. It confrontsthe disncon between women’sincreasing wealth as a consequence ofthe success of microcredit programsand their apparent non-commensurateempowerment, looking at twoorganizaons (the Grameen Bank andthe Bangladesh Rural AdvancementCommiee) as they operate in twolocalies in rural Bangladesh, in orderto discover how enrichment andempowerment are oen confused.The book goes on to establish that thewell-publicized success stories of themicrocredit program are blown out ofproporon, and that the dynamics ofcollecve responsibility for repaymentof loans by a group of womenborrowers—usually seen to be a toolfor the success of microcredit—is infact no less repressive than tradionaldebt collectors. This book makes acontribuon to development debates,challenging adherents to more closelyspecify those condions under whichmicrocredit does indeed have validity,as well as providing insights relevant toSouth Asian Studies and DevelopmentStudies.16The Gender Imperave: HumanSecurity vs State Security, edited byAsha Hans and Bey A. Reardon, 2010,472 pp. The book asserts that humansecurity derives from the experience andexpectaon of human wellbeing whichdepends on four essenal condions: alife sustaining environment, the meengof essenal physical needs, respectfor the identy and dignity of personsand groups, protecon from avoidableharm and expectaons of remedyfrom them. The book demonstratestheir integral relaonship to humansecurity. Patriarchy being the germinalparadigm from which most majorhuman instuons such as the state, theeconomy, organized religions and socialrelaons have evolved, the book arguesthat fundamental inequalies must bechallenged for the sake of equality andsecurity. The fundamental point raisedis that expectaon of human wellbeingis a connuing cause of armed conflictwhich constutes a threat to peaceand survival of all humanity and humansecurity cannot exist within a militarizedsecurity system. The editors of the bookbring together 14 essays which cricallyexamine militarized security in order tofind human security pathways, showBOOKSways in which to refute the dominantparadigm, indicate a clear genderanalysis that challenges the currentsystem, and suggests alternaves tomilitarized security.Practical Actionwww.praccalacon.orgGender and the Economic Crisis,edited by Ruth Pearson and CarolineSweetman, 2011, 170 pp. Contributorsto this book map the emerging impactof the economic crisis on women, menand their families in different contexts,and suggest policy and pracce changes.Authors include key figures in theresearch field as well as policymakersand development praconers,who analyze, with first-handexperience, the inial impactsof the economic crisis inSouth and East Asia, Africa,Lan America, and the MiddleEast. The current globaleconomic crisis is expectedto lead to millions morepeople being pushed intoextreme poverty. The effectsare profoundly different forwomen and men, and theexisng gender inequaliesand power imbalances meanthat addional problems arefalling disproporonatelyon those who are alreadystructurally disempowered andmarginalized. The economiccrisis is the latest elementin a complex web of shocksand longer-term traumasaffecng women, men andtheir families in developing countries.These include food and fuel shocks,changing climac condions, and theHIV pandemic. For many people livingin poverty, these crises are experiencedas one mulfaceted crisis, which hasaccentuated already exisng underlyingchronic concerns in both the producveand the reproducve (care) economiesof the world. While these issuesremain largely invisible to mainstreameconomists and policymakers, they arecrical to the development of effecveand sustainable responses to the crisis.

empowerment. TheSchool of Genderand DevelopmentStudies analyzes andsupports human,social, culturaland economicdevelopment tobring about genderequity and socialjusce. In addion tonumerous tradionalcerficaons, theschool has recentlyannounced distancemode cerficaonsfor: MA in Genderand DevelopmentStudies, PG Diplomain Gender andDevelopmentStudies, PGCerficate in Genderand DevelopmentStudies, and aDiploma in Women’sEmpowerment andDevelopment.SIT Graduate InstituteMaster of Artsin SustainableDevelopmentDeadline: Rollingnyurl.com/3kot8adSIT’s one-year MAfor developmentprofessionals uniquelyintegrates theoryand pracce with anemphasis on localleadership, communityownership, and globalcollaboraon. Graduateswill be prepared forposions such asprogram director;program manager;capacity buildingspecialist; monitoringand evaluaon officer;policy analyst; advocate,outreach, and educaonofficer; and coordinatorof partnerships,networks, and alliances.Grants and FellowshipsSchool for Advanced ResearchCampbell Fellowship for WomenScholar-Praconers from DevelopingNaonsDeadline: November 1, 2011nyurl.com/ybxxpnkOne six-month fellowship is availablefor a female postdoctoral social scienstfrom a developing naon whose workaddresses women’s economic andsocial empowerment in that naon.The goal of the program is twofold:to advance the scholarly careers ofwomen social sciensts from thedeveloping world, and to supportresearch that idenfies causes of genderinequity in the developing world andthat proposes praccal soluons forpromong women’s economic and socialempowerment.18Social Science Research CenterInternaonal Dissertaon ResearchFellowship (IDRF)Deadline: November 3, 2011nyurl.com/luzc9tThe Internaonal Dissertaon ResearchFellowship (IDRF) offers nine to twelvemonths of support to graduate studentsin the humanies and social scienceswho are enrolled in doctoral programsin the United States and conducngdissertaon research outside of theUnited States. IDRF promotes researchthat is situated in a specific disciplineand geographical region but is alsoinformed by interdisciplinary andcross-regional perspecves. Researchtopics may address all periods in history,but applicants should be alert to thebroader implicaons of their researchas it relates to contemporary issues anddebates. Seventy-five fellowships areawarded annually.University of PennsylvaniaMelon Post-Doctoral TeachingFellowship 2012-14Deadline: November 30, 2011nyurl.com/244so3wThe School of Arts and Sciences invitesapplicants for four two-year postdoctoralteaching fellowships in the humaniesand humanisc social sciences. Fellowswill teach one course per term.Eligibility is limited to applicants whowill have received their Ph.D. withintwo years prior to the me they begintheir fellowship at Penn (August, 2010or later). The university is especiallyseeking fellows in Anthropologyspecializing in Medical Anthropology

and Africa or specializing in SexualityStudies and Queer Theory with someknowledge of Trans Studies. Fellows inEnglish, French and Music History arealso wanted. Posions include a $49,440spend.American Association of UniversityWomen (AAUW)AAUW Internaonal FellowshipDeadline: December 1, 2011nyurl.com/3kvsglsInternaonal Fellowships areawarded for full-me studyor research in the UnitedStates to women who arenot United States cizens orpermanent residents. Bothgraduate and postgraduatestudies at accreditedinstuons are supported.Recipients are selected foracademic achievement anddemonstrated commitmentto women and girls. Theoverwhelming majorityreturn to their homecountries to become leadersin government, academia,community acvism, thearts, and science. Severalfellowships are availablefor study outside of theU.S. Funding is availablefor Master’s/ProfessionalFellowships, DoctoralFellowships, and PostdoctoralFellowships.Georgetown LawWomen’s Law and PublicPolicy Fellowship Program(WLPPFP)Deadline: December 1, 2011nyurl.com/3pz5keuThe Women’s Law and Public PolicyFellowship Program (WLPPFP) offersFellowships for public interest lawyersfrom the United States who arecommied to advancing women’srights throughout their careers.Throughout the Fellowship year,parcipants gain invaluable experienceby working on women’s issues inWashington, D.C. with a public interestorganizaon or governmental agencyand by parcipang in educaonal andprofessional development opportuniesorganized by WLPPFP. Possibleplacements for 2012-2013 includeTeaching Fellows at Georgetown Law,Fellowships at the Naonal Partnershipfor Women and Families, Fellowships atthe Naonal Women’s Law Center, andFellowships at organizaons working onGender Rights and HIV/AIDS.Institute for Advanced Studies onScience, Technology and Society(IAS-STS)IAS-STS Fellowship ProgramDeadline: December 31, 2011nyurl.com/3offz62The IAS-STS in Graz, Austria, promotesthe interdisciplinary invesgaon ofthe links and interacons betweenscience, technology and societyas well as technology assessmentand research into the developmentand implementaon of socially andenvironmentally sound technologies.Research Fellowships are offered fora variety of issues, including projectson Gender, Technology, and theEnvironment.The Woodrow Wilson NationalFellowship FoundationDoctoral Dissertaon Fellowship inWomen’s StudiesDeadline: TBAnyurl.com/3d6v85hThe Women’s Studies Fellowshipsare provided to Ph.D.candidates at instuonsin the United Stateswho will complete theirdissertaons duringthe fellowship year.The most compeveapplicaons include notonly a clear, thorough, andcompelling descriponof the candidate’s work,but also evidence of anenduring interest in andcommitment to women’sissues and scholarship onwomen. The Women’sStudies compeon is forprojects in the humaniesand social sciences.Gays and Lesbiansin Foreign AffairsAgencies (GILFAA)LGBT Foreign AffairsScholarshipDeadline: Unspecifiedwww.glifaa.org/homeGLIFAA is sponsoring ascholarship for students offoreign affairs interestedin LGBT advocacy and working in aforeign affairs-related internship. TheLGBT Foreign Affairs Scholarship Boardwill award one $2,500 scholarship toa disadvantaged student who plans tointern in a foreign affairs-related field.The LGBT Foreign Affairs Scholarshipserves as need and merit-based financialaid for students pursuing degrees and/or careers in foreign affairs. For moreinformaon, email lgbtscholarship@glifaa.org.GRANTS & FELLOWSHIPS 19

ConferencesDepartment of Sociology at JamiaMillia IslamiaInternaonal Seminar on Gender,Violence, and Development: The SouthAsian ExperiencesOctober 12-13, 2011nyurl.com/433g8fdThe seminar is an aempt to lookinto the various forms, contexts, andnature of violence against womenin the light of the challenges todevelopment that it poses. While globaleconomic integraon has provided newopportunies for some poor women,overall it is further impoverishingmillions of already poor people, andis creang new pockets of poverty.The South Asian region shares a richculture and reflects mulculturalism,intermingling of various religions andethnicies. Most of the countries inSouth Asia suffer from widespreadgender inequalies and violence againstwomen. This violence is mulcausal.The social structures and instuonsof society, widespread militarizaonof the region and armed conflicts,neoliberal economic reforms are someof the major players in the violenceagainst women. Papers based onempirical research fit into the followingsub-themes: Gender, Violence, andDevelopment; Cultural Violence; ArmedConflict and Militarizaon; SocialResponses to Violence Against Women.This conference will be held in NewDelhi, India.Center for Population and PolicyStudies at Gadjah Mada UniversityThe 6th Asia Pacific Conference onReproducve and Sexual Health andRights (APCRSHR)October 19-22, 2011www.apcrshr6.orgThis conference aims to foster cricalengagement and discussion regardingreproducve and sexual health in theAsia Pacific region. To meet this goal,the conference theme is “ClaimingSexual and Reproducve Rights in Asianand Pacific Sociees.” The currentchallenges in Asia Pacific region—such as the sensive issues of sexualand reproducve health—need tobe resolved. It is therefore crical toclaim sexual and reproducve rightswithin Asian and Pacific sociees.The conference will include severalformats, namely: plenary session;parallel session; satellite session; poster;and youth forum. The youth forumwill be conducted one day before theconference, which is designed to giveparcipants opportunity to discussyouth-related global issues, and tobuild their capacity on networking andadvocacy skills. This conference will takeplace in Yogyakarta, Daerah IsmewaYogyakarta, Indonesia.Motherhood Initiative for Researchand Community Involvement (MIRCI)Motherhood Studies: Developingand Disseminang a New AcademicDiscipline for a New CenturyOctober 20-22, 2011nyurl.com/3breyw6The Internaonal Conference onMothering, Educaon and MaternalPedagogies will explore the relaonshipbetween mothering, motherhood, andeducaon, examining the countless waysin which women have been affectedby, view, and/or challenge exisngeducaonal ideologies and policies and/or develop new theories, pracces,idenes, and meanings from themulple locaons of teacher, learner,and mother/other mother/surrogatemother. This conference will take placein Toronto, ON, Canada.Avon Global Center 2011 Womenand Justice and Jinal Global LawSchoolSecond Annual Women and JusceConference: Gender-Based Violenceand Jusce in South AsiaOctober 22-23, 2011nyurl.com/4x22n8nThe theme of the second annual Womenand Jusce Conference is “Gender-Based Violence and Jusce in SouthAsia.” This two-day event will compriseplenary sessions and working groupsessions. The program aims to facilitatea substanve dialogue across sectorsand jurisdicons on the topic of genderbasedviolence and jusce, conveningdisnguished judges, scholars, legalpraconers and other advocatesfrom South Asia and around the world.The conference organizers hope thismeeng will provide a forum for:discussion and collaboraon betweenand among jusce system actors, civilsociety advocates, health professionals,and academics from South Asia andother regions to develop soluons foreradicang gender-based violence;sharing best pracces emerging fromwithin South Asia to address violenceagainst women and girls; examiningopportunies for using internaonalhuman rights frameworks andmechanisms to analyze gender-basedviolence and design soluons to it;engaging academia and scholarly worksto inform the development of advocacytools and strategies to combat genderbasedviolence, including designing lawsand monitoring their effecveness; andenhance internaonal collaboraon andnetworks of stakeholders addressinggender-based violence. The conferencewill take place in New Delhi, India.WIDEWomen’s Rights and Gender EqualityAmidst The “Arab Springs”—Challengesand Lessons Learnt Across RegionsOctober 27-28, 2011nyurl.com/3fuhmjyWhat is now known as the “Arab spring”has had a dramac ripple effect allover the region, sll in upheaval todifferent extents. Although women wereprominent actors of those upheavals,issues of non-discriminaon, equality20

and women’s rights face difficulesto be included in the frameworks ofongoing and/or upcoming constuonalreform processes. Moreover, in manycountries retaliaon against womenhas been brutal, ranging from rapesto virginity tests to imprisonment andtorture. The internaonal community isplaying a significant role both in termsof diplomacy as well as direct supportand selecve media coverage. “The Arabspring” has created new internaonalinterests as well as new funding pots.What are the implicaons forthe peoples of these countriesand for women’s rights inparcular? This conference hasbeen organized to address thesequesons.violence commied in the oppressionof any gendered identy thatchallenges dominant heteronormaverepresentaons. This conference willtake place in Bristol, United Kingdom.International Centre forInterdisciplinary Research in Law(ICIRL) and the Centre for Researchin Social Justice and Policy (CRSJP)Internaonal Conference on SustainableDevelopmentDecember 5-7, 2011nyurl.com/4drdz4dThis conference aims to providean interdisciplinary forum onglobal sustainable development forpraconers and academics. Theconference will serve as a forumto foster dialogue among variousstakeholders, including senior levelpolicy makers, academics, andpraconers. The conference aimsto promote mutual exchange ofstakeholders’ experiences and researchresults about all aspects of sustainableUniversity of the West ofEnglandGendered Violence ConferenceNovember 23-25, 2011www.genderedviolence.comTimed to coincide with theInternaonal Day for theEliminaon of Violence againstWomen on November 25, 2011,this conference is concernedwith promong cross-disciplinaryand cross-sector debate aboutthe causes and prevenon ofgendered violence and aimsto provide a forum in which adialogue between academics,praconers, policy makers andgrass roots organizaons candevelop. Violence commiedto establish or maintain powerrelaons between gendersconnues to be a major globalpublic health problem. Thepersonal, social and economiccosts of gendered violence arerecognized by the UN, WHOand individual governmentsas untenable and the need fordeveloping and disseminangpreventave and curaveacons remains pressing. Thisconference will also includesessions regarding the ongoingsymbolic and representaonalCONFERENCES21

human and social development, andfoster discussions about the praccalsoluons to various challenges. Thiscongress also provides opportunies forthe delegates to exchange new ideasand apply experiences face to face, toestablish business or research relaons,and to find global partners for futurecollaboraon. This conference will takeplace in Putrajaya, Malaysia.Association of Sexuality Educators,Counsellors and Therapists (ASECT)First Naonal Conference on SexualMedicine: Mind to MoleculeDecember 16-18, 2011www.sexconf.comThe main focus of this conference isto embrace the areas of sensuality,sexuality, sexual psychology and sexualmedicine. It is an aempt to bridge thegap from all streams of medicine andstrengthen es. The official language atthe conference is English. All abstractsand presentaons must be made inEnglish only. This conference will takeplace in Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.Association for Gender Research,Education, Academia and Action(AGREAA)Trans Studies ConferenceMarch 2-4, 2012agreaa.wordpress.com/conferenceThis interdisciplinary andmuldisciplinary conference seeksto examine and explore issues whichare current in transgender studies ofall kinds. In parcular the project isinterested in invesgang the variouscontexts in which trans identy, pracceand embodiment maers, includinglegal, acvist, medical, anthropological,sociological, psychological, arsc,cinemac, literary, linguisc, moral,social, (geo) polical, philosophical, andreligious dimensions. This conferencewill take place in Ontario, California atthe University of La Verne College ofLaw.United Arab Emirates Gender andWomen’s Studies ConsortiumGender and Women’s Studies in theArab RegionCONFERENCES22March 7-9, 2012www.aus.edu/conferences/cfpThe UAE Gender and Women’s StudiesConsorum is commied to supporngUAE and Arab Region faculty interestedin developing Gender and Women’sStudies courses. Scholars, praconersand students interested in genderand women’s studies in the UAE andthe Arab region are encouraged toaend. This conference will addressthe following three issues and topics:curriculum maers in gender andwomen’s studies in/on the Arab regionclassrooms; research issues in genderand women’s studies perspecves in/on the Arab region; and Arab feminisms.This conference is co-sponsored by theAmerican University of Sharjah, Sharjah,UAE and the University of SouthernMaine, Portland, USA.The 2nd Biannual Irish SexualityStudies ConferenceSelf, Selves and SexualiesMarch 9-10, 2012nyurl.com/4xwhxgpThis cross-, inter-, and mul-disciplinaryconference is aimed at enhancingsexual literacy, generang well beingand advocang social jusce. The manydiscourses of Sexuality Studies permeateand inform the different narraves oflife, be it at private or public levels.This conference aims to provide aglobal plaorm on which to discuss inan open fashion the varied processesand variaons in sexual cultures, sexualidenes, and gender role formaon. Inthis way, parcipants will elaborate onthe many debates informing the cultural,economical, ethical, historical, and socialfoundaons of sexuality, at personal andsocietal levels. This conference will takeplace at Dublin City University (DCU).The Association for Women’s Rightsin Development (AWID)Transforming Economic Power toAdvance Women’s Rights and JusceApril 19-22, 2012www.forum.awid.org/forum12The 12th AWID Internaonal Forumwill gather up to 2000 women’s rightsleaders and acvists from around theworld at the Halic Congress Center inIstanbul, Turkey. Istanbul was selectedas the site for the next AWID Forumfor many reasons. AWID wanted tobring the event to a region that hadnot already hosted a Forum. Istanbulis a very accessible locaon forEastern Europe, the Commonwealthof Independent States and the MiddleEast and North Africa—all regions thathave been underrepresented in pastAWID Forums. Through the 2012 AWIDInternaonal Forum, organizers aimto explore how economic power isimpacng on women and the planet,and to facilitate connecons among thevery diverse groups working on theseissues from both human rights andjusce approaches so that together wecontribute to stronger, more effecvestrategies to advance women’s rights andjusce. Quesons should be addressedto conference organizers at forum12@awid.org.The XIX International AIDSConferenceJuly 22-27, 2012www.aids2012.orgThe Internaonal AIDS Conferenceis the premier gathering for thoseworking in the field of HIV, as well aspolicy makers, persons living with HIVand other individuals commied toending the pandemic. It is a chance toassess where we are, evaluate recentscienfic developments and lessonslearned, and collecvely chart a courseforward. The AIDS 2012 program willpresent new scienfic knowledge andoffer many opportunies for structureddialogue on the major issues facingthe global response to HIV. A varietyof session types—from abstract-drivenpresentaons to symposia, bridging andplenary sessions—will meet the needsof various parcipants. Other relatedacvies, including the Global Village,satellite meengs, exhibions andaffiliated events, will contribute to anexceponal opportunity for professionaldevelopment and networking.The conference will take place inWashington, DC.

Calls for PapersIzmir University of EconomicsGender/Violence InternaonalConferenceDeadline: October 15, 2011ekokam.ieu.edu.tr/gv2012The aim of this interdisciplinaryconference is to understandand expose the violenceinvolved in the produconof bodies, spaces andpolics. It will open up thequeson of violence toinspire different trajectoriesof thinking and acontowards the producon ofdifferent bodies, differentspaces and different polics.In the final analysis this is anethical project inquiring intothe possibility of theorizingand acng from a place ofopenness to hearing thevoice of the other. Abstractsshould be single-spaced350 words or less. The tleand applicant’s name andaffiliaon should be printedon a separate page. Thisconference will take placeApril 4-6, 2012 at the IzmirUniversity of Economics.13th World Congress onPublic HealthDeadline: October 21, 2011nyurl.com/3aqrofaThe World Federaon ofPublic Health Associaonsand the Ethiopian PublicHealth Associaon invitelocal, naonal and internaonal publichealth leaders, service providers,advocates, trainers and students tosubmit abstracts dealing with majorissues related to opportunies andthreats in realizing global health equity.These abstracts should demonstratethe role that public health could playin addressing emerging issues andcurrent problems that contributeto global health inequity. Abstractsshould also showcase innovaons,tools, transferrable knowledge, andtechnology. Highlighng these lessonslearned from across the globe, willhelp us make collecve decisions andrecommendaons to the global healthcommunity, thereby, moving us forwardtowards sustainable global health equity.Accepted abstracts will be presentedat the 2012 world congress on publichealth tled Towards Global HealthEquity: Opportunies and Threats tobe held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, April23-27, 2012.International Centre forInterdisciplinary Research in Law(ICIRL)The Internaonal Conference onSustainable DevelopmentDeadline: October 30, 2011nyurl.com/65yr22mThis conference consistsof four main sessions:Sustainable Social andHuman Development;Social Sciencesand Humanies;Human Rights andGood Governance;and SustainableDevelopment.This conferenceaims to provide aninterdisciplinary forumon global sustainabledevelopment forpraconers andacademics; fosterdialogue among variousstakeholders, includingsenior level policymakers, academics,and praconers; andfind global partnersfor future business orresearch collaboraons.All full papersubmissions will be peerreviewed and evaluatedbased on originality,technical and/orresearch content/depth,correctness, relevanceto the conference,contribuons, and readability. Theaccepted full papers will be publishedin the refereed conference proceedings.All accepted full papers will also bepublished on the OIDA InternaonalJournal of Sustainable Developmentand will be indexed in SSRN, EBSCO andAMICUS, Library and Archives Canada’sdatabase to ensure their permanent23

preservaon for present and futuregeneraons.This conference will takeplace December 5-7, 2012 at the PalmGarden Hotel, Putrajaya, Malaysia.The XIX International AIDSConferenceDeadline: October 30, 2011www.aids2012.orgOrganizers of the XIX Internaonal AIDSConference welcome the submissionof abstracts for original contribuonto the field in the following programtracks: Basic Science; Clinical Science;Epidemiology and Prevenon Science;Social Science, Human Rights andPolical Science; and ImplementaonScience, Health Systems and Economics.Submissions should include a coverpage, a 300-word abstract, and indicatewhich of the tracks listed would bemost appropriate for the submission.For more informaon, please see theorganizaon’s website. The conferencewill take place in Washington, DC on July22-27, 2012.Gender and HistorySpecial Issue: Gender and ReligionDeadline: October 31, 2011nyurl.com/3mwcf5zFrom medieval female spiritualityto modern Hindu or Muslim“fundamentalisms,” from Buddhistsaints and African healers to nineteenthcenturymuscular Chrisanity, historiesof gender and religion have aractedincreasing aenon from scholars overthe last two decades. This special issueof Gender and History will highlight therich diversity of ongoing historical workin this field and provide an opportunityto crically reflect upon contemporarytheorecal, methodological andhistoriographical debates and issueswithin this burgeoning area of genderhistory. Editors plan to approach thecreaon of this volume via a colloquiumto be held September 17-18, 2012 at theUniversity of York (UK). Paper proposals(500-750 words maximum) are to besubmied by October 31, 2011 andinvitaons to present at the colloquiumwill be issued by January 2012.Association for Gender Research,Education, Academia and Action(AGREAA)Trans Studies ConferenceDeadline: December 2, 2011agreaa.wordpress.com/conferenceOrganizers invite proposals whichexamine and explore issues which arecurrent in transgender studies of allkinds. In addion to academic analysis,organizers welcome the submissionof work around acvist struggles andacademic accountability to the transcommunity, creave works, and otherapproaches from community membersand acvists and others for whom transexistence and experience is salient.Papers, reports, works-in-progress andworkshops are invited on issues relatedto any of the following themes: translaw; trans acvism and the academy;race and trans issues; trans youth; transpersons and the medical establishment;trans spirituality; and representaonsof trans pracce and trans persons.Abstracts of 300 words should besubmied to the organizers.UN Women’s Housing, Land &Property RightsCall for Contribuons: Virtual PlaormOf The UN SR On The Right To Housingnyurl.com/6edlsdaThe virtual plaorm of the UN SpecialRapporteur on the Right to AdequateHousing is now up and running. This newtool will be used inially for developingthe project “Women and the Right toLand and Housing.” People worldwidecan now register and contribute tothe themac report and the guide andleaflet which will be produced on thesubject.Online ResourcesAssociation for Women’s Rights inDevelopment (AWID)May 24 Pack on Faith-BasedPeacebuilding: The Need For A GenderPerspecvenyurl.com/3nqwnluThis May 24 Pack looks at the pointwhere religion, women’s rights andpeacebuilding intersect. Here, theAssociaon for Women’s Rights inDevelopment (AWID) shares theoutcomes of its research on religiousfundamentalism and how that impactswomen’s rights worldwide. Womenpeace acvists and women religiousleaders from different corners of the24world share their stories of frustraonas well as inspiraon, and tell of theneed to be creave and paent in termsof changing the patriarchal featuresof religions. Several of the womenfeatured in this May 24 Pack share howprogressive male allies have been crucialin terms of supporng and sustainingthem in their work for peace and juscein faith-based sengs.NYU School of LawBusiness and Human RightsDocumentaon Project (B-HRD)www.B-HRD.orgThe Business and Human RightsDocumentaon Project was recentlylaunched at a public event atNYU School of Law. B-HRD is aninteracve, mullingual informaonportal that connects and informsadvocates by providing an onlineforum to share informaon aboutcorporate accountability campaignsand advocacy strategies. Availablein English, French, and Spanish, thesite features content contributed byadvocates and organizaons aroundthe globe including: an extensive,searchable database of human rightsdocumentaon; an “In Focus” seconthat highlights recent developments in

key campaigns against business-relatedabuse; and a “Tools & Strategy Forum”with resources and advocacy strategiesto help advocates prevent and seekjusce for business-related abuses.B-HRD’s In Focus secon highlightsseveral campaigns against businessrelatedabuse from around the world.B-HRD was designed to complementexisng online resources, such as theBusiness and Human Rights ResourceCentre, and was jointly developed byInternaonal Network for Economic,Social and Cultural Rights (ESCR-Net;www.escr-net.org) and the Centerfor Human Rights and Global Jusce(CHRGJ; www.chrgj.org) as well as theInternaonal Human Rights Clinic at NYUSchool of Law.Gender ActionFactsheet on Internaonal FinancialInstuons and Sexual andReproducve Rightsnyurl.com/3zqwyrjGender Acon research shows thatalthough sexual and reproducvehealth (SRH) rights are promoted byinternaonal financial instuons’policies, they are rarely acknowledgedor fulfilled through investments. Thisdocument explores how ideologicalassaults on SRH investments underminethe World Bank’s SRH and genderpolicies. Examples of the AfricanDevelopment Bank and the Inter-American Development Bank projectfunding shoralls are also provided.2011 United Naons data on women andreproducve rights around the world arebriefly outlined. Recommended aconsare given in the “What Can Civil SocietyDo?” secon. At the end, there areaddional SRH resources suggesons.Mother Pelican: Journal ofSustainable Human Developmentwww.pelicanweb.org/#infoarchiveThe April 2011 issue of this onlinejournal focused on gender equality andhuman development. The May 2011issue focused on gender equity andenergy policy. Two leaps forward areneeded to aain the transion fromconsumerism to sustainability: a leapfrom sexism to gender equality, and aleap from fossil fuels to clean energy.This issue addresses the genderedimplicaons of the transion from fossilfuels to clean energy. It is argued thatboth issues are ghtly coupled, and thatjointly pushing for both gender equalityand clean energy is the best globalstrategy at this point in human history.This issue also includes two addionalsupplements:*Status of Gender Equality in Society(Supplement)nyurl.com/3jhn2deThis online supplement is a digestof recent events and significantcontribuons to fostering genderequality—and human development—invarious secular cultures and instuons.Editors have compiled informaon onthe following topics: Current Statusof the World’s Women and Girls; ACentenary of Celebraons?; Egypt’sRevoluon Through the Eyes of FiveWomen; Women as Key Players inClimate Adaptaon; UN Women andthe WomenWatch Web Site; Gender,Humiliaon, and Global Security;Plight of Japanese Astronaut and herFamily; Rising Tide: Gender Equality andCultural Change around the World; andGender Equality Video by the EuropeanCommission.*Status of Gender Equality in Religion(Supplement)www.pelicanweb.org/solisustv07n05supp5.htmlThis supplement is a digest of recentevents and significant contribuons tofostering gender equality—and humandevelopment—in various religioustradions and instuons. With so muchgoing on, the selected items are theeditor’s choice.The National Academieswww.nap.eduStarng on June 2, 2011, all PDF versionsof books published by the NaonalAcademies Press will be downloadableto anyone free of charge. This includesa current catalog of more than 4,000books plus future reports produced bythe Press. Before today’s announcement,all PDFs were free to download inONLINE RESOURCESdeveloping countries, and 65 percent ofthem were available for free to any user.Violence is Not our Culture (VNC)Strategising Online Acvism: A Toolkitnyurl.com/3bdygpyA new resource from Violence is Notour Culture (VNC), this toolkit wasinspired by the workshops held in Asiaand Africa. While this toolkit has beendesigned primarily for the local partnersand acvists of the VNC campaign,this can be a resource, too, for humanrights acvists who are keen to developtheir online acvism and want to knowwhere and how to start. The toolkitincluded informaon on why andhow informaon and communicaontechnologies (ICTs) can be used bywomen’s rights and human rights groupsin their advocacy skills; maximizingthe efficiency of online tools, includingnetworking and mobile tools foradvocacy and campaigning; developingan advocacy and/or communicaonstrategy; using social networking;and understanding online privacy andsecurity issues relevant to buildingonline acvism. The toolkit is availablefor free download and distribuon.UNIFEMInvesng In Gender Equality: EndingViolence Against Women And Girlswww.endvawnow.orgThis publicaon presents importantdata analysis and graphs from variouscountries of the world showing howgender equality and violence againstwomen are correlated. Countries withgreater progress on gender equality,girls’ secondary educaon, and women’sreproducve health and rights (includingmaternal mortality) have lower levelsof violence against women. The toolhighlights how advancements ingender equality and reducing violenceagainst women and girls is a “smart”investment which is central to women’sempowerment with high pay-offs forpoverty reducon and developmentoverall. The rigorous stascalanalysis is based on the leading globalgender equality indices and violenceagainst women prevalence surveys,25

for countries for which such data wasavailable through 2009. The resourceis currently available at the VirtualKnowledge Centre and is available inArabic, English, French, and Spanish.United Nations Women’s Watchand the Inter-Agency Network onWomen and Gender EqualityFact Sheet: Women with Disabilieswww.un.org/womenwatch/enableThis WomenWatch special feature ison women with disabilies. It serves asa portal to resources and the work ofthe UN in this area. Informaon on theConvenon on the Rights of Persons withDisabilies (2006) is presented, includinga secon with links to informaonrelated to the Convenon’s arcle onwomen with disabilies. The factsheetprovides informaon about girls andwomen with disabilies in the followingareas: educaon, employment andpaid work, health and housing. Thesources for this factsheet are variousUN divisions and the World Bank.There is also a “Citaons” secon withBook Reviewexcerpts from the Beijing Plaorm forAcon, the World Programme of Aconconcerning Disabled Persons and otherdocuments. It encompasses informaonsuch as sgmas associated with disabilityand gender inequality as well as acall for acon to ensure that womenwith disabilies enjoy all human rightsand inclusion in development. Linksto a selecon of UN publicaons anddocuments and resources on other UNwebsites are provided. WomenWatchis the United Naons system’s centralgateway to gender equality and women’sempowerment informaon andresources.Women’s Initiatives for GenderJusticeLegal Eye On The ICCnyurl.com/3pr45ytThe Legal Eye on the ICC is an onlinenewsleer which contains summariesand gender analysis of judicial decisionsand other legal developments at theInternaonal Criminal Court (ICC),and discussion of legal issues arisingfrom vicms’ parcipaon beforethe Court, parcularly as these issuesrelate to the prosecuon of genderbasedcrimes in each of the situaonsunder invesgaon by the ICC. TheCourt currently has six situaons underinvesgaon: Uganda, the DemocracRepublic of the Congo, Darfur, Sudan,the Central African Republic, Kenya andLibya. Available in French and English.Women’s Voiceswww.iccwomen.orgWomen’s Voices is a regular e-leerwhich provides updates and analysison polical developments, the pursuitof jusce and accountability, theparcipaon of women in peace talksand reconciliaon efforts from theperspecve of women’s rights acvistswithin armed conflict situaons,specifically those countries underinvesgaon by the InternaonalCriminal Court (ICC) including Uganda,the Democrac Republic of Congo,Darfur, the Central African Republic,Kenya and Libya. In English/French.Contesng Archives: Finding Women in the Sources, edited by Nupur Chaudhuri, Sherry J. Katz, and Mary Elizabeth Perry. 2010,223 pages. University of Illinois Press, IL. Reviewed by Jason Black, Doctoral Student, History, Michigan State University.Contesng Archives: Finding Women in the Sources contains a wealth of informaon and covers a wide range of specificsubjects while maintaining the goal outlined in the tle of finding women in historical sources. The principle argument of thebook holds that archives are not neutral sources, but are collected with specific goals in mind, by specific people, and tend tobe created by men collecng sources that primarily deal with men. This does not mean that finding women in the archives isimpossible, only that it requires a fair amount of work.The twelve essays within are split up into three secons. The first, “Locang Women in Official Documents,” contains fouressays which focus their aenon on official archival sources and how to read them in such a way as to find women andfemale agency in collecons that were not collected with these goals in mind. Mary Elizabeth Perry explores the life of Fama,a slave in early modern Spain. Fama appears in a single Inquisitorial record, aer she challenged a local priest’s claim thatshe had converted from Islam to Chrisanity while being treated for the plague. Daniel S. Haworth introduces us to MaríaPetra Fernández, a nineteen-year-old orphan living in nineteenth-century Mexico. Fernández appears in an 1854 case file,aempng to have herself declared an adult so that she could be free to marry the man of her choice, and not one chosen byher foster father. Julia Clancy-Smith explores the lives of migrant women in nineteenth-century Tunis through the tesmoniesof Giovanna Tellini, who was prosecuted for grand larceny and contraband. Finally, Kali Nicole Gross invesgates interseconof race, crime and gender in an early tweneth century racially integrated neighborhood in Philadelphia, through the trial ofHenriea Cooper, charged with killing her newborn child.Each of these essays centers around legal documentaon of some kind. In three of the four essays the women in quesonwere the subject of criminal proceedings; only Fernández iniated legal proceedings of her own volion. Legality aside, whatthese essays also have in common is that they locate evidence of female agency within the archives, illustrang some of the26

ways in which women navigated the sociees in which they lived. The necessary reliance on legal documents leaves a numberof quesons unanswered, namely what happened to each of these women aer their respecve cases were resolved, butthere is only so much that official archives can provide in these cases.The second secon, “Integrang Varied Sources Found Inside and Outside Official Archives,” aempts to address thatproblem. Lisa Sousa ulizes criminal and civil records, as well as formal texts and a variety of images, to explore women’slives in colonial Mexico. In order to reconstruct the lives of progressive era radical women in California, Sherry J. Katz beganwith the limited archival and interview materials available and then expanded her focus to materials from feminist, socialreform and labor campaigns. Malgorzata Fidelis focuses on leers to the editor of the communist era magazine Girlfriend,supplemented by interviews, to explore the experiences of Polish working women under communism. By working withthe collected papers of two of Marcus Garvey’s wives, Amy Ashwood Garvey and Amy Jacques Garvey, Ula Taylor is able toreconstruct the Harlem cultural tradion of “street-strolling.” This acvity allowed these women to maneuver around Harlem,interacng with their neighbors and compiling knowledge relevant to their community. Nupur Chaudhuri uses the 1825 travelnarrave of a Bengali woman, Krishnobhabini Das, to explore gender, racial and colonial relaons in Bengal, India. Finally,Mansoureh Eehadieh (Nezam Mafi), Elham Malekzadeh, Maryam Ameli-Rezaei, and Janet Afary ulize court registers,personal leers and the memoirs of a European doctor to reconstruct women’s lives in turn of the century Iran.The essays in this second secon explore a variety of source material in order to accomplish their goals. They illustrate theways in which historians, when faced with minimal obvious resources, must be flexible enough to approach other, perhapsseemingly tangenal sources, to expand their understanding of their subjects. Even these essays leave much to be explored intheir respecve areas of research, but not for lack of effort. Even with addional sources at their disposal, these historians aresll working with a small pool of resources.The third secon, “Creang Women’s History Archives,” is the shortest, containing only two essays, but serves as a call toarms for historians. Joanne L. Goodwin traces the creaon of two collecons of women’s history documents in Nevada, atthe University of Nevada in Reno, and in Las Vegas. The collecons were created with the express purpose of recording thehistory of women in Las Vegas, Nevada, and their contribuons to the city and the state at large. Kathleen Sheldon, uponarriving in Beira, Mozambique in 1982, discovered that, although the new socialist state was endeavoring to empowerits female cizens, there were almost no archival records dealing with women. Sheldon set about creang a collecon ofinterviews to serve as a foundaon for studying the history of working women in the recently independent Mozambique.Both of these essays provide examples of how archives can be constructed in such a way as to focus on women’s history,which is so oen obscured in other archival projects.The book overall provides excellent models for historians, whether they’re researching women’s history or not, of how toperform archival research on historical subjects who did not create archives, or did not have archives created specifically topreserve their works. It also exposes the dangers of treang archives as neutral sources. Although the creaon of women’shistory archives in Nevada or Mozambique is certainly a good thing, it also helps to illustrate the fact that archives are createdwith a specific goal in mind, and pursuing that goal can obscure some aspects of the historical record. The book doesn’tprovide a model for archives that do not do this, and it seems impossible to do so. Knowledge is subjecve, as is the way inwhich it is organized, and this will likely always be the case.Where Contesng Archives shines is in providing posiveexamples of how to do research despite this, of ways in whichhistorians can make use of archives that do not, on the surface,deal directly with their research, or that obscure it throughsheer volume or organizaon.For historians of women’s history, this book is of immensevalue, as it provides specific models that can certainly beapplied or modified to fit their own research interests and thearchives in which they find themselves, or when there are noarchives to ulize. The same can be said for other historians ofthe so-called “subaltern” who wish to study historical actorswho are not well represented within archival materials. Finally,the book is useful for anyone embarking on research or firsttackling the methodologies of historical research, as it providesdetailed models used by fieen historians of almost as manyregions and cultures, and does so in a book that is compact andreadable.BOOK REVIEW27

Beyond Women’s Empowerment in Africa: Exploring Dislocaon and Agency, by Elinami Veraeli Swai. 2010, 220 pages. PalgraveMacmillan, New York, NY. Reviewed by Erin Moore, Doctoral student, Comparave Human Development, University ofChicago.In the summer of 2009, the New York Times Magazine proclaimed: “the oppression of women worldwide is the human rightscause of our me.” Indeed, since the raficaon of the United Naons’ Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in 2000,“women’s empowerment,” in the eyes of the western public, has assumed the posion of panacea to global poverty. In Africain parcular, “empowerment” comes in various forms from naonal governments and internaonal NGOs (nongovernmentalorganizaons): small loans, public health campaigns, educaon iniaves, and leadership training. Swai’s Beyond Women’sEmpowerment in Africa: Exploring Dislocaon and Agency is a mely intervenon into what might be considered the“women’s empowerment industry” in Africa.As Swai notes, the contemporary women’s empowerment industry follows in a long line of nearly two hundred years ofmissionary and colonial domesc training iniaves that fundamentally refigured—and connue to influence—noons ofgender and power in African colonies (see Allman et. al. 2002, Comaroff and Comaroff 1991, Hodgson 2005, Hunt 1990,Thomas 2003). Swai argues that while we imagine the women’s empowerment industry to personally, polically, economically,and socially advance the rights and abilies of women and girls, it was actually through parcipaon in colonial and missionarywomen’s educaon groups that women came to understand themselves as disempowered. Mission educaon, according toSwai, taught women to devalue the knowledge of everyday life they had learned in their homes and communies in favor ofmodern educaon. She writes: “I believe that educaon shapes women’s predisposion toward certain predetermined goalswithout considering their realies, and I see this as problemac because it is inherently normave, oen unknowingly so; it isa way of avoiding or hiding a foundaonal element of the hegemony of patriarchy and capitalism” (8).Drawing on Catherine Odora-Hoppers’ (2002) noon of “Indigenous Knowledge Systems,” Swai’s goal is to bring African“women’s knowledge systems” to the center of “any discourse on development in Africa” (2). She explains how the dislocaonof African women is part and parcel to the evisceraon of these knowledge systems by both colonial archives and modernempowerment projects. For Swai, African women’s knowledge systems are inter-psychological, process-based, and markedby agenve identy construcon: “…knowing is a process of construcng identy” (47-8). Given their fluid and ever-changingnature, according to Swai, these knowledge systems are not easily discernible by standardized quantave studies nor havethey been paid adequate aenon in colonial histories and ethnographies of Tanzania, where she bases her ethnographicwork.Swai uses ethnography, discourse analysis, and archival research to illustrate African women’s knowledge systems at workamong rural women in Tanzania, as well as to demonstrate how, under the name of “women’s empowerment,” theseknowledge systems have been devalued and dismissed. In her interesng and thorough rendering of the earliest colonialethnographies of the Tanganyika Territory in Chapter 1, Swai demonstrates how colonial officials blamed what they perceivedas a lack of “development” on women, which drove the matriculaon of these women to mission schools. Mission educaonwas nearly always domesc and was designed to prepare African women to keep a clean and Chrisan home (Hunt 1990).While contemporary women’s educaon in Africa covers topics beyond home economics, according to Swai: “the typesof educaon that are considered to empower women are oen used as a sieve, as a gate keeping device to control andmanipulate women’s social and economic mobility” (7).In Chapter 2, Swai unfolds her theorecal approach to “Women’s Knowledge Systems.” Drawing from Carol Gilligan’s (1982)line of developmental psychology, the idea that women are relaonal—as opposed to men who are goal-oriented—is thelinchpin to her formulaon of “women’s knowledge systems.” However, Swai does not argue for simply idenfying andrevaluing these knowledge systems as important and as filling gaps in the literature on African women. Rather, she goesto great length to show the bidireconal and ambivalent processes through which, for example, discourses on marriagedisenfranchise women while simultaneously engendering a source of women’s knowledge. Chapter 3 builds on historicaland anthropological interest in African women’s fashion by examining the khanga, print-cloth made and worn by Tanzanianwomen, as a mediator of women’s knowledge systems. Swai argues that women use the khanga to represent and teachcultural meaning through the use of images and slogans. Chapter 4 gives examples of other uses of women’s knowledgesystems, including women’s natural healing techniques and agricultural pracces. Chapter 5 details the “Genesis of Women’sDisempowerment” by describing aempts by internaonal NGOs to incorporate tradional and indigenous knowledges incommunity development iniaves. These aempts emphasized local parcipaon in NGO programs in such a way as tofurther disenfranchise women from their land and to make domesc and care-giving tasks more me consuming. Chapter6 traces the evoluon of the concept of “women’s empowerment” internaonally and in Tanzania specifically, highlighngits correlaon with educaon. “The classic oxymoron ‘women(’s) empowerment,’” Swai writes, “has come to mean womenconforming to social and cultural expectaons, a pracce that ‘…is likely to be anthecal to empowerment’” (160, quongKabeer 1999: 457). In her conclusion, Swai reiterates the ambivalent and bidireconal nature of women’s knowledge systems.BOOK REVIEW28

According to Swai, these knowledges make themselves available for both transcending and reproducing women’s current socialposion.Beyond Women’s Empowerment in Africa is a richly detailed argument for reconsidering what we, as scholars and as acvists,mean by “women’s empowerment.” Rather than taking economic, social, and educaonal intervenon iniaves at face value,Swai interrogates these programs for their complexies to underscore how outside intervenons are never just imposed; theyalways meet local pracces to produce unintended consequences. By combining archival and ethnographic material, Swai showswhat “women’s empowerment” means to various actors in variegated sites and queries its putave benefits. Swai combines theinsights of western social theorists (e.g. Foucault, Bourdieu, and Vygotsky) with those of African and Africanist feminists (e.g.Hunt, Kanogo, Oyewumi) to produce an argument equally influenced by feminist and sociological theory. As such, this text will beof interest to those in many fields including development studies, gender studies, and African studies.Throughout the text, Swai is also refreshingly self-reflexive, which is especially important given her own subject-posion as aneducated Tanzanian woman gives her paradoxically both great closeness to and an impassable distance from her informants.In this way, she pays homage to the feminist insistence that one must situate herself in order to tell the most authenc story.In Swai’s own words: “The strength of this endeavor is to help us understand that ‘African woman’ is a cultural-historicalconstrucon, which scholars have taken as truthful and real” (11).ReferencesAllman, Jean, Susan Geiger, and Nakanyike Musisi, Eds. (2002). Women in African Colonial Histories. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.Comaroff, Jean and John Comaroff (1991). Of Revoluon and Revelaon. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Gilligan, Carol (1982). In a Different Voice: Psychological Theory and Women’s Development. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Hodgson, Dorothy (2005). The Church of Women: Gendered Encounters between Maasai and Missionaries. Bloomington: Indiana UniversityPress.Hunt, Nancy Rose (1990). “Domescity and Colonialism in Belgian Africa: Usumbura’s Foyer Social, 1946-1960.” Signs 15(3): 447-74. Spring.Kanogo, Tabitha (2005). African Womanhood in Colonial Kenya 1900-1950. Athens: Ohio University Press.Odora-Hoppers, Catherine, Ed. (2002). Indigenous Knowledge and the Integraon of Knowledge Systems: Towards a Philosophy ofArculaon. Claremonth, South Africa: New Africa Educaon.Oyewumi, Oyeronke (2003). “Abiyamo: Theorizing African Motherhood.” Jenda: A Journal of Culture and African Women’s Studies (4).Thomas, Lynn (2003). Polics of the Womb: Women, Reproducon, and the State in Kenya. Berkeley: University of California Press.BOOK REVIEW29

Gender, Development, and Globalizationa program ofMichigan State University206 Internaonal CenterEast Lansing, MI 48824-1035 USAIf there are any changes to your address, please provide our office with a correcon:Email: bullen@msu.edu • Telephone: 517-353-5040 • Fax: 517-432-4845For informaon on the Center for Gender in Global Context, visit www.gencen.msu.eduor email gencen@msu.edu.For informaon on GenCen’s Gender, Development, and Globalizaon (formerly Women and InternaonalDevelopment) Program, visit gencen.msu.edu/gdg.Thank You.**Note: all photos courtesy of Global Focus, Internaonal Studies and Programs, Michigan State University**