A beel thicky infested with water hyacinth

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operatton of fishing gear difficult. Thus, the following hvo ecological class~fications using these two characteristics are much more relevant from the ecological and fisheries point of view than the previously discussed ones and will be largely followed in this treatise. Clclrsrjiration based on rrvertne connection i) Opcn bcels : These bcels retain continuity with the parent riven either for the whole year or at least dunng the rainy season. Such btels have continuous exchange of water as well as fish fauna with the parent river. ii) Closed btels : These bcels are completely cut-off from the nearby rivers and receive water mostly from their catchment areas following monsoon rains or dwing high flood. In recent years, nverine embankments constructed to prevent floods have converted many open beels into closed ones by blocking the rivcrine connections. C'lusstfificufion bused on fhe exienr of rnacroph,vte infestiuiron. I) ii) Weed choked bcels: A beel can be considered as weed choked when more than 50% of the total water spread area is covered by aquatic macrophytes. Moderately weed infested beels: A bcel can be considered as moderately weed infested when less than 50% of the total water spread area is covered by aquatic macrophytes. FISHERY RESOURCES OF ASSAM The State has extensive freshwater resource wilh huge potential for fisheries devcloprnmt (Table 2). The floodplain lakes arc a conspicuous feature of both the Brahmaputra and the Barak valleys in Assam. Thm are about 1392 enlisted beels in Assam (Table 3) of which 423 are registered and the remaining 969 are un-registered and under the control of both government (505) and private ownership (464). Together. these beels occupy M area of 1,00,000 ha constituting approximately 61% of the total lentic water bodies of the State. if properly managed in scientific lines, these water bodies can play a pivotal role in boosting nual economy in addition to ground water recharge and flood control.
Tabk 2 Fishery resources of Assam 1 Resource Area ] Rivcrine (km) I 5500 Ponds (ha) I 51000 Reservotr (ha) I 1500 Swarn~s and low lvtnn , areas (ha) I .d . , , Total (ha) 1 10000 368500 Table 3. Beel fisheries resource under different categories in Assam ' Catwow I Number I Area (ha) I Condition - 1 Good I .Semi-derelirr I D(~rt1ic.r Ree~stered 1 423 1 40.000 110.000 1 15.000 1 35,000 , Unreg~stered 1 969 1 60,000 1 Ntl I 10.000 1 30.000 ' Total ] 1,392 [ 100,000 1 10,000 1 25.000 1 65.000 Three types of beels are found in Assam I~I;., 0.r-bow lake gpr, ltrkc !,pee and (rue rcctonrc dcprcss~ons. Ox-bow beels are cut-off portions of river nleanders or dcad rivulet courses. Many of them are connected with the main rivers through channels. Ox-bo~ becis are relatively narrow, long and either bent or serpentine in shape. Lakclike beels arc wtde. shallow and Irregular in contour. Thcy are also cannectcd to rivcrs through channels and receive water from them. The beels In Brahrnaputra basin are situated along the floodplains of rlvcrs D~bru. Bundih~ng, Dtshang, Dikhow. Jhanji, Kakodonga, Dhansiri, Sonat. Kapili. Kallong and Kulsi on the South bank and Dlhang. Mora, Jiadhal, Subansiri. Kantcny. Dhansiri. Ponternari, Pagladia. Manas. Aai, Champabatt and Saralbhanga on the North bank. In Barak valley, the beels are s~tuated along the rivers Barak, Sonai. Sushma, Dhaleswan and Longai. In Brhaputra valley. 342 beels are located tn Central Assam covering an area of 31,080 ha (approx.) followed by lower Assarn (352) and upper Assam (376) with water spread of approximately 29.0(m ha and 23,000 ha (approx.) respectively. On the other hand there are about 322 heels with water cover of 8000 ha in three districts of Barak valley (Table 4).
Page 1: ECOLOGY AND FISHERIES OF BEELS IN A
Page 4 and 5: Ecology and fisheries of beels in A
Page 6 and 7: Project participants V-V, Sugunan 8
Page 9 and 10: INTRODUCTION lndia has extensive fl
Page 12 and 13: Importance of beels If managed alon
Page 14 and 15: 6) The standing water (Ientic compo
Page 16 and 17: I) Ox-bow lakes : These are cut of
Page 20 and 21: Tabk 4. DhMbuUon of bcclr la tbe ri
Page 22: Table S ronfd. ... . .... /an& M~tr
Page 25 and 26: floodplains an flooded. Lakelike be
Page 27 and 28: heavily infested with aquatic veget
Page 29: Table 6. contd. . . ... pH &g.C Av.
Page 33 and 34: Watcr Quality In floodplain wetland
Page 35 and 36: Temp. Trmrp. PH DO CQ, TA Hudnear S
Page 37 and 38: TDS ahride SiO, CI Mg Fc PO, NO, Dl
Page 39 and 40: Table 8. contd. TDS Chloride SiO, C
Page 41 and 42: Biotic communities The abundance an
Page 43: Dbhlct Tabk 10 Planktom In differen
Page 46 and 47: l rabh 10, conki eorc.rr.os T ~ W D
Page 48 and 49: Tnhle 10 cod Morlgaoa Mon Kamrup Dm
Page 50: oligochactea and insccto. Thc bee18
Page 53 and 54: However, Samrajan north in the dist
Page 55 and 56: A beel thicky infested with water h
Page 57 and 58: Fish yield potential Fish yield pot
Page 59 and 60: FISH AND FISHERIES Fish fauna Many
Page 61 and 62: Barpeta Area Deptb Dominant fbb (ha
Page 63 and 64: view of recmitmcnUautostocking in t
Page 65 and 66: I1 Fishing operations in beel
Page 67 and 68: 1. Liming in split dosea It regular
Page 69 and 70:
whole operation is baaed on captive
Page 71 and 72:
Community metabolism Community meta
Page 73 and 74:
Fig. 5. Path- of enorgy flow Jn (Or
Page 75 and 76:
stocLtagmtc~egmwthrmteof~speckrsttt
Page 77 and 78:
Proper stocking and harvesting sckd
Page 79 and 80:
Ferrlisarion / Borrom raking Since
Page 81 and 82:
Flg. 8. Dlrgnmmatlc npnwnbSion of c
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A beel thicky infested with water hyacinth

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