Cornea - ARVO

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ARVO 2013 Annual Meeting Abstracts by Scientific Section/Group - CorneaPurpose: To study interfacial dynamics and rheological properties ofhuman tear lipids extracted from Schirmer strips (SSL) and effects ofthree lens-care solutions (LCS) on SSL’s interfacial behaviors.Methods: SSL samples were collected from 6 healthy subjects.Sessile bubble tensiometry was used to study interfacial properties ofSSL, LCS or a mixed film (SSL+LCS) at 22 ° C. SSL was depositedon an air bubble to form 100±20 nm-thick films. SSL films weresubjected to expansion-compression cycles with the film areachanging from ~5 to 50 mm 2 . Two ml of LCS (Baush&LombBioTrue [BT], Alcon PureMoist [PM], or AMO Revitalens [RL]) wasinjected into a cell (LCS:Model Tear Electrolytes(MTE)=1:12 v:v)and equilibrated without or with SSL film for 2 hours. The dynamicrheological properties of the films were assessed. Then MTE waspumped through the cell to remove LCS from bulk and SSL dynamicproperties were re-evaluated.Results: Equilibrium surface tension (EST), elasticity modulus (E)and relaxation times (τ) of SSL alone were 22±2.1 mN/m,10.7-14.8mN/m and 80-150 s, correspondingly. EST for LCS alone was40.3±1.5 for BT, 33.4±1.0 for PM, and 30.1±0.8 mN/m for RL. E ofall three LCS was 5 -8.5 mN/m while τ was 33-55 s. After washout,EST of LCS films increased to 43±1.2, 35.1±1.1, and 32.1±0.8 mN/mfor BT, PM and RL, suggesting irreversible adsorption of some LCScomponents. For mixed SSL+LCS films, EST remained unchanged(22±2.1 mN/m). For all mixed films, E was 0.2-0.5 mN/m and τ was50-60 s; the shape of surface pressure vs. area per microgram (π-A)iso-cycles was altered dramatically. The hysteresis Δπ (Δπ=π max -π min )was initially 48mN/m and diminished to 25 mN/m for BT and RL,and to 21.5 mN/m for PM-treated SSL. These changes persisted afterLCS washout for >24 hours, implying binding interactions betweenSSL and some components of LCS.Conclusions: Some components of LCS adsorb and bind irreversiblyto thick SSL films and make these gel-like SSL films less viscous andless elastic, resembling condensed-liquid films. Clinical implicationsof these findings suggest a possibility of tear lipids filmdestabilization upon exposure to LCS.Commercial Relationships: Tatyana F. Svitova, None; Meng C.Lin, TearLab Corporation (F), Allergan, Inc. (F)Program Number: 6037 Poster Board Number: A0100Presentation Time: 10:30 AM - 12:15 PMEfficacy of long-term treatment with diquafosol sodium for dryeye due to laser in situ keratomileusisRyohei Nejima, Yosai Mori, Ayami Masuda, Yoko Maruyama,Keiichiro Minami, Kazunori Miyata. Miyata Eye Hospital,Miyakonojyo, Japan.Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of long-term treatment with 3%diquafosol solution (DQS), that is a P2Y2 receptor agonist facilitatingmucin secretion from the conjunctival goblet cells, for chronic dryeye after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).Methods: This prospective clinical study comprising 18 eyes (9patients) to which DQS was additionally instilled 4 times a day. Tearsecretin, tear break-up time (BUT), superficial punctate keratitis(SPK), and conjunctivitis sicca were examined before and at 1,3, 6, 9and 12 months after treatment. Tear secretin was examined with theSchirmer test with anesthesia before and after the DQS treatment.And also, Tear breakup time (BUT), fluorescein stain, and lissaminegreen stain were examined before and after the DQS treatment. Aquestionnaire survey regarding 14 symptoms was also assessedbefore treatment and at 12 months after. The changes in BUT andstaining scores between before and after DQS treatment wereexamined using Kruskal-Wallis test following the Steel-Dwassmultiple comparison. Changes in the tear secretion and eachsymptom in the questionnaire were compared using the Wilcoxonsigned-ranks test. P 0.05). The mean values of the Tear Break-up time, Tear thinningtime, Schirmer 1 test, and the questionnaire were significantlydifferent compared to the normal group (p < 0.05).Conclusions: The stability and the quality of the tear film in the dryeye subjects were reduced with time resulting in an increase in theOcular aberrations and hence could affect the image quality of theeye.©2013, Copyright by the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc., all rights reserved. Go to iovs.org to access the version of record. For permissionto reproduce any abstract, contact the ARVO Office at arvo@arvo.org.
ARVO 2013 Annual Meeting Abstracts by Scientific Section/Group - Corneaon mild temperature (particularly cool). Since subjects appear, rather,to collapse the 2 physiologically plausible pain dimensions into asingle discomfort dimension, perhaps more attention could be paid tounderstanding subjects' interpretations of the actual terms used whenmeasuring ocular surface discomfort before these words are used,untested, in scales.Mean HORMS for Normal EyesMean HORMS for Dry EyesCommercial Relationships: Johan Hedström, None; BaskarTheagarayan, NoneProgram Number: 6039 Poster Board Number: A0102Presentation Time: 10:30 AM - 12:15 PMMultidimensional scaling of words used to characterize ocularsurface discomfortTrefford L. Simpson, Yunwei Feng. School of Optometry & VisionScience, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.Purpose: To use multidimensional scaling (MDS) to determine thenumber of dimensions required to account for the dissimilaritybetween typical adverbs used to characterize how the eyes feel andthen position these words in this multidimensional space.Methods: 20 subjects rated the dissimilarity of all pairs of 22“typical” adverbs that completed the phrase "My eyes are/feel...", Forexample, these adverbs included burning, scratchy, cold and OK. All231 pairwise combinations of these words were rated by subjectsusing magnitude estimation on a scale of “exactly the same” (0) to“completely different” (100). For each subject the order of pairs wasrandomized and from these ratings, dissimilarity matrices wereformed. These matrices were in turn analysed using a number ofMDS algorithms, in particular SMACOF because it also provided ajackknife error estimation for the solution. Data were analysed usingR.Results: Scree plots showed that 2 dimensions account for most ofthe data variability. Regardless of the method used the results wereconsistent and are illustrated in the Figure. The first dimension is a"discomfort" dimension with most of the words connotingunpleasantness generally clustered in the same region of the solutionspace (circles/words on the left in the fig.) and the "comfortable"words at the other end of this dimension (on the right). The seconddimension is thermal, with warm (highest in the fig.) and cool (lowestin the fig.) at opposite ends.Conclusions: The results are somewhat surprising since currentphysiological and psychophysical evidence would suggest at least 3dimensions, one based on words characterizing mechanical (painful)Commercial Relationships: Trefford L. Simpson, None; YunweiFeng, NoneSupport: NSERC Canada, Operating GrantProgram Number: 6040 Poster Board Number: A0103Presentation Time: 10:30 AM - 12:15 PMChanges of Higher Order Aberration depending on OcularSurface Indicators analyzed by Continuous Measurement afterPhacoemusificationSi-Hwan Choi, Hyung-Bin Lim. chungnam national universityhospital, department of ophthalmology, daejeon, south korea,Daejeon, Republic of Korea.Purpose: To analyze the changes of higher order aberration(HOA)measured serially by KR-1W wavefront at every second for 10seconds between before and after phacoemulsification and evaluatethe relationships with the ocular surface indicatorsMethods: Corneal Root-mean-square(RMS) of HOA was measuredon 47 eyes of 30 patients at preoperatively and postoperatively 2weeks, 4weeks, 6 weeks, 8 weeks by KR-1W using continuousmeasurement mode. We analyzed the relationships between thechanges of corneal HOA and ocular surface indicators such as tearbreak up time, Schirmer test, and superficial punctate keratitisResults: The values of corneal RMS at 1 second and 10 seconds afterblinking (0.190±0.067 /0.278±0.192) was highly increased in 2weeks after surgery(0.417±0.306)/0.422±0.294), and significantlydecreased in 8 weeks after surgery to the similar level before surgery.The difference of HOA between 1 second and 10 seconds afterblinking was increased after surgery in all periods, but it was notstatistically significant. The values of corneal RMS at 1 second and10 seconds and difference between them were not significant(p>0.05) in groups divided depending on the presence of preoperativesuperficial punctate keratitis, 5 seconds on BUT and 10 mm onSchirmer testConclusions: The changes of corneal RMS after phacoemulsificationwas statistically significant, but those depending on ocular surfaceindicators were not significant. The phacoemulsification is moresignificant factor in postoperative corneal RMS than ocular surfaceindicators.Commercial Relationships: Si-Hwan Choi, None; Hyung-BinLim, Noneattributes, one for chemical (also painful) descriptors and one based Program Number: 6041 Poster Board Number: A0104©2013, Copyright by the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc., all rights reserved. Go to iovs.org to access the version of record. For permissionto reproduce any abstract, contact the ARVO Office at arvo@arvo.org.
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