Cornea - ARVO

ARVO 2013 Annual Meeting Abstracts by Scientific Section/Group - CorneaCommercial Relationships: Rachel L. Redfern, None; KendallStout, None; Karen Dionne, NoneSupport: NIH Grants EY018113 (RLR), EY007551 (UHCO) andEY007088 (KS)Program Number: 6000 Poster Board Number: A0063Presentation Time: 10:30 AM - 12:15 PMCorneal Epithelial Cell Protective and Wettability-enhancingProperties of Hyaluronic acid + PEG 8000 in an Artificial TearProductStephen Davio, Megan E. Cavet, Karen L. Harrington, Amy Walsh,Zora Marlowe, Brian Glass, Paramita Sarkar. Pharmaceutical R&D,Bausch & Lomb, Rochester, NY.Purpose: Artelac Rebalance® (“product”) is an artificial tear productwhich combines hyaluronic acid (HA) and a large molecular weightpolyethylene glycol, PEG-8000. We conducted in vitro studies toprobe the effect of this unique combination on corneal epithelial cellsurvival under desiccating stress. We also evaluated wettabilityaspects of the formulation using physical measurements.Methods: Corneal cell survivability under desiccating stress wasevaluated using human corneal epithelial cells (HCEpiC) pre-treatedwith saline (control) or 50% product +/- HA and +/- PEG 8000 for 10min followed by desiccation for 20 min. The percentage of livingcells was determined by staining with calcein using the LIVE/DEADassay kit (Invitrogen). Wettability of the formulation was assessed forproduct +/- HA and +/- PEG 8000 by measuring surface tension(Kruss K-100) and by measuring the effect of the formulation oncontact angle in a captive bubble apparatus (FTA 1000 + FTA32video 2.0 software) using a silicone hydrogel contact lens as modelfor the cornea. Contact angles were measured in the presence of theproduct, and after removal of product and replacement with saline.Results: Corneal cells exposed to product show significantly highersurvival to desiccating stress than cells exposed to saline (68 and72% vs. 5%, respectively). Removal of HA from the formulationdrops cell survivability to that of the saline control. Removal of PEG-8000 has no effect on cell survivability which remains equivalent tointact formulation. Surface tension (ST) measurements on the intactformulation show 64 mN/m which is a decrease from that of water,72 mN/m. This effect is entirely associated with PEG 8000. Contactangle measurements using the captive bubble apparatus show theproduct enhances the wettability of a model surface which persistsafter replacement of the product with saline. This enhancedwettability and the residual effect are both due exclusively to PEG8000.Conclusions: The in vitro and physical measurements demonstratecomplementary properties of HA and PEG 8000 in the artificial tearproduct. HA is demonstrated to enhance survival in corneal cellsunder desiccating stress. PEG 8000 demonstrates a consistentdecrease in surface tension and an ability to enhance the wettabilityof a model surface which persists after removal of the product.Commercial Relationships: Stephen Davio, Bausch & Lomb (E);Megan E. Cavet, Bausch + Lomb (E); Karen L. Harrington,Bausch + Lomb (E); Amy Walsh, None; Zora Marlowe, Bausch &Lomb (E); Brian Glass, Bausch + Lomb, Inc. (E); Paramita Sarkar,Bausch and Lomb (E)Program Number: 6001 Poster Board Number: A0064Presentation Time: 10:30 AM - 12:15 PMChange of Tear Secretion in the Lacrimal Glands of High-FatDiet-Fed C57BL/6J MiceTakaaki Inaba, Motoko Kawashima, Akiko Ito, Mitsuhiro Watanabe,Ken Shinmura, Tetsuya Kawakita, Kazuo Tsubota. keio university,Tokyo, Japan.Purpose: Aging is one of the most important factors for thepathogenesis of dry eye disease. Metabolic syndrome acceleratesaging. Although several studies have reported that diabetic patientshave an elevated incidence of dry eye disease, the mechanismresponsible for dry eyes disease remains unclear.Methods: We investigated the secretion and metabolic changesoccurring at 6 months in response to a high-fat diet (HFD).Results: Tear secretion was decreased by the HFD compared tonormal diet at 6 months. Additionally, inflammatory cell infiltrationincreased in the lacrimal glands of the HFD-fed mice.We alsoinvestigated the molecular mechanisms involved includingmetabolism and aging genes.Conclusions: The results indicate that aging accelerated by the HFDis related to dry eye.Commercial Relationships: Takaaki Inaba, None; MotokoKawashima, Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd (F); Akiko Ito, None;Mitsuhiro Watanabe, None; Ken Shinmura, None; TetsuyaKawakita, None; Kazuo Tsubota, AcuFocus, Inc (C), Allergan (F),Bausch Lomb Surgical (C), Functional visual acuity meter (P), JiNS(P), Kissei (F), Kowa (F), Santen, Inc. (F), Otsuka (F), Pfizer (C),Thea (C), Echo Denki (P), Nidek (F), Ophtecs (F), Wakasa Seikatsu(F), CEPT Company (P)Program Number: 6002 Poster Board Number: A0065Presentation Time: 10:30 AM - 12:15 PMComparison of two rodent models of dry eye induced byScopolaminePierre-Paul Elena 1 , Nicolas Cimbolini 1 , Sophie Antonelli 1 , LaurenceFeraille 1 , Stefano Barabino 2 , Philippe Margaron 1 . 1 Iris Pharma, LaGaude, France; 2 Clinica Oculistica, Genova, Italy.Purpose: Dry eye syndrome is a relatively common disease withmultifactorial causes. It is necessary to have an experimental modelto test and select therapeutic candidates for this disease.Here we compare two experimental models using scopolamine, atropane alkaloid drug with muscarinic antagonist effects, to suppresslacrymation and induce dry eye symptoms.Methods: The first experimental model consisted in inducing dry eyein albino rats by systemic and continuous delivery of scopolamine(20mg/day) via osmotic pumps implanted subcutaneously on Day 1.Animals were divided in three groups of five rats: In the first groupthe pumps delivered saline solution. The second and the third groupsthe pumps delivered 20 mg/day of scopolamine solution over 21days.The second experimental model consisted in placing pigmented micein a controlled environmental chamber (relative humidity 55%,temperature 20-22°C) without transdermal scopolamineadministration. The second and the third groups were placed in thecontrolled environmental chamber with transdermal scopolamineadministration.For both models, the first two groups received saline instillation andthe third group, 0,05% cyclosporine eye drops.Tear production was measured with the phenol red thread (PRT) testand the corneal defects were examined by slit-lamp observation.These examinations were preformed at baseline and on day 7 for themouse and rat models, and on days 14 et 21 only for rat model inboth eyes.Results: Symptoms of dry eye, including decrease in tear secretion,appearance of corneal defects and a rise in the inflammatory markers©2013, Copyright by the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc., all rights reserved. Go to iovs.org to access the version of record. For permissionto reproduce any abstract, contact the ARVO Office at arvo@arvo.org.