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The Hadhrami Arabs in Southeast Asia 

with special reference to Singapore: 

An Annotated Bibliography 

Compiler 

Kartini Saparudin 

Editor 

Noryati Abdul Samad

Produced by: National Library Board 

Designed by: Redhesign 

Printed in Singapore by: Chin Long Printing Pte Ltd 

© National Library Board Singapore 2010 

ISBN-13 : 978-981-08-2956-8 (pbk.) 

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National Library Board Singapore Cataloguing in Publication Data 

The Hadhrami Arabs in Southeast Asia with special reference to Singapore : an annotated bibliography / Kartini Saparudin, compiler ; 

Noryati Abdul Samad, editor ; with introduction by Omar Bajunid Farouk. – Singapore : National Library Board, c2010. 

p. cm. 

Includes indexes. 

ISBN-13 : 978-981-08-2956-8 (pbk.) 

1. Arabs – Singapore – Bibliography – Catalogs. 2. Arabs – Southeast Asia – Bibliography – Catalogs. 3. Yemenis – Singapore – 

Bibliography – Catalogs. 4. Yemenis – Southeast Asia – Bibliography – Catalogs. 5. Hadramawt (Yemen : Province) – Emigration 

and immigration – Bibliography – Catalogs. I. Kartini Saparudin, 1979- II. Noryati Abdul Samad. III. Singapore. National Library 

Board. 

Z3221 

016.30589275335 -- dc22 OCN498058080

CONTENTS 

FOREWORD 5 

PREFACE 7 

The Hadhrami Arabs in Southeast Asia: An Introduction 8 

A bibliographic survey of Hadhrami Arabs in Southeast Asia: With compiler’s notes 11 

1 Hadhramaut 

1.1 Politics & economics 25 

1.2 History & society 29 

1.3 Hadhramaut & Southeast Asia 37 

2 Travel, Migration and the Coming of Islam 

2.1 Trade networks 45 

2.2 Seafaring, shipping and navigation 47 

2.3 Migration & assimilation 48 

2.4 Historiography 55 

2.5 Islamisation 59 

2.6 Persians & other Arabs 65 

3 Politics, Nationalism & Pan-Islamism 

3.1 Politics 68 

3.2 Arabs & Malays 77 

3.3 Pan-Islamism 82 

3.4 Dutch & British policies 86 

3.5 Orientalist scholarship 91 

3.6 Reforms & intellectual networks 94 

� � � �� tarekats & religion-based movements 99 

4 Communities & Diasporas 

4.1 Singapore 102 

4.2 Malaysia 108 

4.3 Indonesia 110 

4.4 Others 114 

5 Lectures & Essays, Literary Arts & Commercial Publications 

5.1 Lectures & essays 117 

5.2 Poetry & literature 121 

5.3 Print, publishing & broadcasting 124 

6 Performing Arts 

6.1 Drama, music & dance 131 

5

Contents 

6 

7 Language 

7.1 Dictionaries & word list 139 

7.2 Language & linguistics 141 

8 Social Life 

8.1 Socio-cultural identity 142 

8.2 Associations 145 

8.3 Schools (madrasahs) 155 

8.4 Mosques 167 

8.5 Keramat 170 

8.6 Culinary culture 171 

8.7 Sports 172 

9 Material Culture 

9.1 Architecture & place 176 

9.2 Attire & others 180 

9.3 Visual art 182 

9.4 Exhibitions & auctions 184 

10 Business & Enterprise 

10.1 Haj 186 

10.2 Trade 189 

10.3 Religious economy 194 

10.4 Shipping trade 195 

10.5 Slave trade 196 

11 Biography 197 

12 Genealogy 

12.1 Royal lineages 213 

12.2 Family history 215 

12.3 Obituary 221 

12.4 Weddings 228 

13 Law 

13.1 General 233 

13.2 Marriage 236 

13.3 Property & estate 239 

13.4 Wills & inheritance 249 

14 Arabic Legal Documents from The Koh Seow Chuan Collection 

14.1 Introduction 253 

14.2 List of documents 258 

Author Index 276 

Title Index 283 

Acknowledgements 317

FOREWORD 

The Islamisation of the Malay world of Southeast Asia was a process that began since the 10 th 

century A.D., if not earlier. It was a process that lasted centuries and in which Hadhrami Arabs from 

the Southern region of what is today the Republic of Yemen played a major role. The Hadhrami saints, 

scholars and traders made the long sea journey across the Indian Ocean, stopping and settling at 

various locations off the coasts of East Africa, southern India and throughout Southeast Asia. 

While it is true that the Hadhramis played their role in Islamisation alongside other Muslim 

communities such as the Ottomans, Persians, Tamils, Gujeratis, Chinese and others, it cannot be 

denied that the Hadhramis’ part in this process was dominant. The most obvious fact that leads to this 

�� 

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sources of Islamisation. 

The publication of this bibliography should be seen as part of an effort to encourage research 

in Hadhrami studies. The centuries of migration, settlement and assimilation into the various cultures 

of the Malay world were manifested in the participation of Hadhrami Arabs in the political, economic, 

educational and artistic life of the region, going far beyond religion in the narrow sense of the term. 

Therefore, the study of Hadhrami Arabs in Southeast Asia is not just the study of the Islamisation of the 

region but also that of social history, political economy, literature, music and dance. 

Indeed, it is these areas and more that are covered in this bibliography. A glance at the various 

categories of the entries and the variety of source materials will suggest the potential for the further 

development of Hadhrami studies as far as the Southeast Asian region is concerned. An example is the 

area of music and dance. It is not widely known by people living in Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore 

that the music and dance form known as zapin has its origins in the Hadhrami �� . Even less known 

is the connection between �� 

believed to be the carrier of Islam and the various cultural forms that spawned as this tradition made its 

�� 

or zapin continues to be practiced or performed by the Arabs, Javanese, Malays and other people of 

�� 

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this tradition in other parts of the world to which Hadhramis migrated. 

Bibliographies such as this cannot inspire interest in Hadhrami studies. They can, however, 

�� 

inspired. The bibliography itself is a register of those who have been attracted to things Hadhrami, 

whether economic, political, social or cultural, and who recorded their interests and fascinations in 

Arabic, English and Malay. 

What is presented in this bibliography only provides a taste of the variety of the materials that are 

available. Researchers in Hadhrami studies have been writing in many other languages such as Dutch, 

German, French, Swahili, Russian and Japanese. 

7

Foreword 

The second half of the 20th century had seen the emergence and sometimes dominance of 

a more legalistic and regressive interpretations of Islam that is the mark of certain externalist and 

modernist orientations among Muslims. During the last 20 years we have also seen something of a 

�� 

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to an understanding of the vital forces within Muslim orientations. These studies must be promoted and 

supported to put legalistic and rigid interpretations of Islam in their place. 

Associate Professor Syed Farid Alatas 

Head, Department of Malay Studies 

Assoc. Prof., Department of Sociology 

Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences 

National University of Singapore 

8

PREFACE 

�� 

conjunction with the Rihlah – Arabs in Southeast Asia Exhibition held at the National Library Building 

�� 

Chian Reference Library, National Library Singapore. The materials cover the history, culture, lifestyle, 

personalities and contributions of the Hadhrami Arabs to the region from the early 19th century to the 

present. It brings together monographs, newspapers and journal articles, oral history and the legal 

documents from the Koh Seow Chuan Collection. 

The Hadhramis migrated to different parts of the world including Egypt, India, East Africa, and 

�� th century. Many of 

these Hadhrami Arabs were sayyids - a class of people who claim descent from Prophet Muhammad. 

They played important roles in spreading Islam to Southeast Asia. 

In addition to their status as sayyids and some marriages with local royal families, their economic 

success and religious knowledge enabled them to win the hearts of the common people, establishing 

contacts with local authorities and later colonial administrations. The Hadhrami elites acted as 

intermediaries between local rulers and European colonials. 

The Hadhramis in Singapore, in particular, were also known for their roles in the spice trade, 

property investment, publishing and shipping trade. Due to their connections and their wealth, they 

�� 

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participation and social reforms in Hadhramaut. They subsidised road construction in Hadhramaut and 

contributed to the construction of mosques, schools and textile mills and agriculture. Their contributions 

to the community in Singapore, as seen through the mosques, madrasahs and waqf, remains an 

enduring part of the Singapore memory. 

I wish to thank Assoc. Prof. Syed Farid Alatas for his foreword, Prof. Dr. Omar Bajunid Farouk 

for writing the introduction to this bibliography as well as the team of compilers from the Lee Kong 

Chian Reference Library, led by Kartini Saparudin for their effort in and commitment to compilation of 

this bibliography. We hope this bibliography will be a useful source for further research as well as an aid 

for researchers. We welcome donations of materials related to the Hadhrami community in Singapore 

and the region from individuals and organisations as part of our effort to preserve and make accessible 

documentation and memories of the community. 

N Varaprasad (Dr) 

Chief Executive 

National Library Board Singapore 

9

The Hadhrami Arabs in Southeast Asia: 

An Introduction 

Scholars generally agree that the state of research and scholarship on the Hadhramis in 

Southeast Asia is still very much in its infancy. There is still so much that we do not know about the 

Hadhramis and their multifarious and overlapping roles in Southeast Asia. Sometimes even our basic 

understanding of who the Hadhramis are in the context of Southeast Asia seems unclear. However, 

in the recent years, there is a growing corpus of academic literature which has attempted to examine 

the nature and role of Hadhrami presence in this part of the world. Based on available sources, we 

know for certain that the Hadhramis have established a niche in the world of Southeast Asia for over a 

�� 

as well as archival evidence to show that the Hadhramis have been present in Southeast Asia since 

ancient times. 

�� 

appreciated. In order to do so, we need to understand the characteristic features of Hadhrami presence 

itself. To begin, we need to recognise that the Hadhramis have established a long history of continual, 

mutually enriching and harmonious contacts with the region and its diverse peoples and cultures. 

The Hadhramis were in Vietnam long before the Islamisation of Malacca. They were also in Burma, 

Thailand and Cambodia much longer than commonly assumed. To this day, Hadhramis continue to play 

an important role as a minority group in Cambodia, Thailand and Burma. The broad historical stream 

of Hadhrami presence in Southeast Asia has enabled the Hadhramis to assume all kinds of roles not 

only in the different local contexts of the region but also in the different eras. They came as sailors, 

navigators, missionaries, scholars, teachers, diplomats, traders and entrepreneurs. They intermarried 

with the locals and integrated fairly easily into local societies. It was not uncommon for the Hadhramis to 

intermarry with the daughters of the local nobilities and aristocrats. Some even penetrated into the local 

ruling families. Some others even established their own ruling houses as in the case of Aceh, Brunei, 

Sulu, Pontianak and Siak, to name a few. The Hadhramis have also intermarried with non-Muslims 

of various ethnic groups in the different parts of Southeast Asia. This pattern of positive inter-ethnic 

contacts between the Hadhramis and the other communities in Southeast Asia continues to prevail until 

today. 

The Hadhramis have always been associated with the coming and spread of Islam to the region 

although the discourse on the nature and pattern of the early Islamisation of Southeast Asia is far 

from resolved. It is generally accepted that there is a symbiotic relationship between the Hadhramis 

and Islam especially in the context of Southeast Asia. Although there are also Christian Arabs in the 

Philippines for example, the general image of the Arabs in Southeast Asia is that they are all Muslims. 

This is also probably partly due to the fact that the overwhelming majority of the Arabs in Southeast Asia 

are Hadhramis, or Arabs from Hadhramaut, a region in Southern Yemen which used to be staunchly 

Islamic. Other Arabs who were drawn to the region also had to contend with the Hadhrami leadership of 

Islam in the region. 

Another area in which the Hadhramis have stood out among the local Muslims is in terms of 

providing religious leadership. As a people who believe that they are the natural custodians of Islam, 

whose mission is to defend and promote the faith, the Hadhramis are generally inclined to be generous 

10

in supporting the establishment of Islamic institutions like mosques, waqfs, schools and other public 

utilities or charities. Invariably, through the medium of Islam, the Hadhramis were able to enhance their 

capacity to relate to their local counterparts culturally, socially, linguistically, economically, ethnically 

and even politically. The close bonds that exist between the Muslims and the Hadhramis, however, tend 

to give the erroneous impression that Arabic culture is synonymous with Islamic culture. There is no 

doubt that Arabic culture has left its mark on the local music, the arts, scripts and languages, cuisines, 

costumes and customs but this does not necessarily represent a one-way process of “Arabisation”. On 

the contrary, this phenomenon could also be seen as the localisation of an external or foreign culture. 

Likewise, in the different parts of Southeast Asia, many Hadhramis too, through their interactions with 

the locals, became assimilated into the local societies adopting local cultures as their own whether in 

terms of language, custom, costume or cuisine. 

Nevertheless, although there are cultural similarities between Arabic culture and Islamic culture 

and overlapping ties between the Hadhramis and their Muslim co-religionists in the various local 

settings, many Hadhramis actually continue to be ethnically distinguishable from the others on the basis 

of some ascriptive criteria as well as some form of voluntary association. Their deep concern with their 

genealogical background tends to insulate them from the other Muslims as well as from each other. 

Their allegiance or loyalty to the clan, sub-clan or super-clan also sets them apart either from the other 

Muslims or others not of their own background although inter-clan marriages are also not uncommon 

among the Hadhramis. There is, however, still a recognisable degree of tribal or clannish sentiments 

�� 

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example, represents a super-clan incorporating various clans and sub-clans like Al-Attas, Al-Sagoff, 

Al-Kaf or Al-Juneid, which claim to have a direct genealogical lineage to Prophet Muhammad through 

his grandson, Hussin bin Ali. The Bin Abdats, a non-Alawiyin clan, for example, claim to have a 

genealogical lineage that goes back to Prophet Adam. The important thing is that it is inconceivable for 

�� 

the Arab identity. In view of the fact that Arab clan networks exist trans-nationally across many different 

continents and countries, every single Arab clan anywhere in Southeast Asia is bound to have its 

counterparts either within the region or beyond. 

The existence and extensiveness of the international network of a particular clan actually 

constitutes an important test of its Arabness. The Bajunid clan, for example, exists in Singapore, 

Malaysia, the Philippines, Indonesia, Burma, United Arab Emirates, Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Egypt and 

even as far as the Netherlands, United Kingdom and the United States. The Al-Habshis, on the other 

hand, can be found in Singapore, Malaysia, the Philippines, Indonesia, Thailand, Burma, Saudi Arabia 

and Yemen. In principle, an Arab clan without an extensive international clan network is usually seen as 

�� 

of association, which may help to sustain and promote the Arab identity and in turn, consolidate the 

group solidarity of the Hadhramis. Arab civil society institutions like the Al-Wehdah Arab Association 

in Singapore or the Jakarta-based Ar-Rabithah Al-Alawiyah,�� 

emergence and maintenance of the ethnic boundaries of the Hadhramis. 

Although the Hadhramis are to be found in all of Southeast Asia and have been in the region 

for centuries, they seem to have a special place and role in Singapore. It is remarkable that there are 

over 120 Hadhrami clans in Singapore today constituting the backbone of a vibrant Arab community 

11

The Hadhrami Arabs in Southeast Asia: An Introduction 

in the republic. The establishment of Singapore in the early 19 th century almost immediately attracted 

the entrepreneurial class of Hadhramis, who brought not just their capital and expertise, but also their 

pre-existing regional and international networks. It was no secret that the British, who recognised their 

commercial acumen and entrepreneurial qualities, solicited their presence in Singapore. 

While there was a continual immigration of Hadhramis into Singapore from Hadhramaut and 

other parts of Southeast Asia, Singapore simultaneously became the transit point for many new Arab 

migrants who wanted to move to new areas in the lesser-known parts of the region. The Hadhramis 

in Singapore participated actively in its development as a commercial, trading and shipping centre 

�� 

Arab charity and philanthropy in Singapore in the past has been acknowledged. The Arab contribution 

to the development of civil society in Singapore too is beginning to be more appreciated. The tangible 

as well as the intangible resources that the Arabs command as a small but adaptable and enterprising 

community in Singapore with an impressive network of international connections will likely be fully 

�� 

examine the contributions of the Arab minority in the history of Singapore and the region, is both timely 

and appropriate. 

Prof. Dr Omar Farouk Bajunid 

Faculty of International Studies 

Hiroshima City University, Japan 

12

A bibliographic survey of Hadhrami Arabs 

in Southeast Asia: With compiler’s notes 1 

INTRODUCTION 

I Background 

Two years ago, when the team was starting on this bibliography, we thought that literature on the 

subject was limited. We were in for a surprise as we found a vast but scattered literature on the subject. 

It was then that we understood the potential value this bibliography could bring to researchers and 

�� 

Although there has been increasing interest in the Hadhrami communities of Southeast Asia, there 

has yet to be a single bibliography dedicated to this subject. Published in conjunction with the National 

Library Singapore’s Rihlah – Arabs in Southeast Asia Exhibition, The Hadhrami Arabs in Southeast 

Asia with special reference to Singapore: An annotated bibliography documents resources held by the 

�� 

from the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (ISEAS) library and the Central Library of the National 

University of Singapore (NUS) where the Library is lacking, especially in terms of theses and certain 

journal titles. 

This bibliography is useful as a guide for research but is not 

�� 

Hadhrami Arabs. There was Hisyam Ahmad’s �� 

masyarakat Arab di Indonesia (1981). 2 Hisyam gave a six-page 

listing with key highlights by specialists on Indonesia such as 

Snouck Hurgronje, J.M van der Kroef and Anthony Reid. As his 

bibliography was written in 1981 and limited to Indonesia in scope, 

updates on a more comprehensive bibliography are needed as 

scholarship on Indonesia has since expanded greatly. 

Apart from Hisyam Ahmad’s list, existing listings were meant to 

capture the publication output of the region and were not focused on 

the subject of Hadhrami Arabs per se. Because of the dominance 

of Hadhramis in the publishing industry of the Malay world, these 

listings incidentally indicate the publishing efforts by Hadhrami Arabs 

in the region. 

The Hadhramis were involved in publishing both Arab language materials for their communities, and 

Malay publications for the wider Malay market. This is demonstrated in William Roff’s Bibliography of 

1 The author would like to thank the following for their feedback on this article: Michelle Heng, Timothy Pwee, Noryati Abdul Samad, 

Syed Farid Alatas and Bouchaib Silm. 

2 Ahmad, Hisyam.(1981). �� 

[Microform]. Bandung: Dokumentasi, Lembaga 

Kebudayaan, Universitas Padjadjaran. Available in ISEAS. 

13

A bibliographic survey of Hadhrami Arabs in Southeast Asia: With compiler’s notes 

Malay and Arabic periodicals published in the Straits Settlements and Peninsular Malay States 1876- 

1941: With an annotated union list of holdings in Malaysia, Singapore and the United Kingdom (1972); 

and in Patricia Lim’s Singapore, Malaysian and Brunei newspapers: An international union list (1992). 

Roff lists 15 Arabic periodicals from Singapore and Lim lists 13 such titles, also in Singapore. 3 

From the other side of the region, in Indonesia, there is Natalie Mobini-Kesheh’s listing of 36 periodical 

titles. Her article The Arab periodicals of the Netherlands East 

Indies, 1914-1942 includes data of known holdings. It uses a 

form that is consistent with Roff’s bibliography. 4 The bulk of 

the holdings are found in the Perpustakaan Nasional Republik 

Indonesia (National Library of Indonesia). There are 14 titles 

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the Royal Institute for Linguistics and Anthropology (KITLV) in 

Leiden. Additional holdings at the library of the Leiden State 

University (LU), and some private collections in Indonesia, are 

also included; although Kesheh is quick to add that the listing is 

far from exhaustive. 

Nevertheless, over 

the decade, a few 

researchers are beginning 

to provide details on the 

publishing output of the 

Hadhrami communities 

in Southeast Asia, going 

�� 

by different colonial 

experiences. Kazuhiro 

Arai’s “Arab” periodicals 

�� th 

century in Southeast Asia 

in the Journal of Sophia Asian Studies5 combines both Roff’s 

and Mobini-Kesheh’s bibliographic listings. He presents a more holistic way of looking at the publishing 

industry, while reducing the discrepancies found in Roff’s and Mobini-Kesheh’s data. Arai’s list also 

includes Jawi literature in Southeast Asia, as Roff’s and Kesheh’s do. 6 However, the writer admits that 

his list requires further checking for researchers’ accessibility. 

Similar to Arai, David Hirsch creates a list of Hadhrami-published periodicals in his article Hadrami- 

Arabic press in Southeast Asia: A historical survey. From visits to contacts and libraries in Southeast 

Asia, and even the United Kingdom, he lists and acquires Southeast Asian and Arabic vernacular 

3 See (504) for Roff’s entry. Lim, Patricia Pui Huen. (Compiler). (1992). Singapore, Malaysian and Brunei newspapers: 

An international union list. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. Call No.: RSING 016.0795957 LIM-[LIB]. 

4 See (499). 

5 See (486). 

6 There are many listing of periodicals in Malaya, Singapore and Indonesia. These are written in the Malay language. 

14

publications of the Hadhrami communities in Singapore, Penang, Johor, Surabaya, Jakarta and Kuala 

�� 

(UCLA)’s library. 7 

Other than bibliographic listings of Hadhrami periodicals, basic forms of bibliography exist as reference 

lists of scholarly literature. Some of them are from theses such as Mohammad Redzuan Othman’s The 

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�� (1994). Theses and reference lists from secondary literature serve as a starting point for this 

bibliography. Other than merely building upon existing bibliographies or reference lists, this bibliography 

includes unexplored articles found in dailies, serials and ephemera published in the 19th and 20th centuries that are in our collection. 

We like to address this growing need for an organised bibliography in the midst of growing scholarship 

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together different subjects on the making of the Hadhrami community in Southeast Asia. Apart from 

showcasing the Library’s resources, this aims to be a tool by which academics and librarians can further 

�� 

As evidenced by a compendium of secondary literature that mostly resulted from conferences, 8 the 

creation of new knowledge on this subject matter is increasingly regional. This is due to a long history 

of shared socio-political experiences of Southeast Asia as a region. Tagliacozzo the historian terms this 

the longue durée, in the words of Fernand Braudelian, as a fuller 

expression that depicts the length of shared history of the region. 

Apart from addressing scholarship based on this regional scale, 

there are practical reasons for the birth of this bibliography. Firstly, 

many of the previous listings were focused on holdings in overseas 

libraries. None showcased the richness, or limitations, in the libraries 

of Singapore. Singapore was a historical point of reference for 

wealthy Hadhrami Arabs as well as home to their publishing efforts. 

We need to do more to promote our collection to this community 

of scholars as well as to narrow the gaps in our collection. 

Furthermore, these Singaporean Hadhrami Arabs are plugged into 

the wider network of overseas Hadhramis in Southeast Asia. This is 

where the resources in our collection can become a starting point 

for researchers. Connections between the knowledge produced on 

and by these Hadhramis need to be made and this is where this 

bibliography would come in handy. 

7 See (493). Hirsch admits that the list and thus, the collection at UCLA are not exhaustive as many of the Hadhrami émigré 

materials are still in private hands. 

8 Examples are Ahmed Ibrahim Abushouk & Hassan Ahmed Ibrahim’s The Hadhrami diaspora in Southeast Asia: Identity 

maintenance or assimilation? (2009), Eric Tagliacozzo’s Southeast Asia and the Middle East: Islam, movement, and the longue 

durée (2009), Ulrike Freitag’s Indian Ocean migrants and state formation in Hadhramaut: Reforming the homeland (2003), Huub 

de Jonge & N. J. G. Kaptein’s Transcending borders: Arabs, politics, trade and Islam in Southeast Asia�� 

Freitag & W. G. Clarence-Smith’s �� 

(1997). 

15


Another pragmatic reason, as shown by listings by Roff and Mobini-Kesheh, the literature on the 

Hadhramis forms only a subset of a larger documentation of works on other ethnic groups such as the 

Malays. There is a tendency to overlook Hadhrami sources within a larger corpus of Malay-Muslim 

literature. This bibliography is an attempt to highlight what lay hidden within this body of Malay literature 

and present them meaningfully. 

Finally, previous listings or bibliographies are arranged by authors’ names. In short, this bibliography 

offers an interdisciplinary paradigm of the study of the Hadhrami communities within the scope of 

Southeast Asia. This consists of 14 chapters or broad areas, with an annotation for each entry. There 

are also two indices: an author index, and a title index. 

The current effort by the National Library Singapore to support this area of scholarship on Hadhrami 

Arabs is also an attempt to preserve the nation’s heritage. As many of the primary and secondary 

materials on the Hadhrami Arabs are privately owned, the donation of such documents to our collection 

are welcomed. 

Challenges 

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contributions to Southeast Asia within the vast body of Islamic literature in Southeast Asia. For example, 

the contributions of Hadhramis to Islam in Southeast Asia and Islamisation in the region in the 19th and 

20th century are not mutually exclusive. As the oeuvres on Islamisation are too wide to be included in 

this bibliography, the chosen Islamic literature of the region are those that illustrate the role Hadhramis 

play. 

�� 

or conceiving “standard” categories can replace the arduous process of reading and rereading these 

annotations for a more systematic, effective and meaningful way of grouping the literature on the 

�� 

bibliography include perspectives from both the academic and the community. Such perspectives are 

merely guidelines to primarily frame and organise the materials selected for this bibliography. For this 

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16

The next challenge is maintaining consistencies in the spelling of Arabic terms, and especially Arabic 

names in English. Apart from the terms used by authors and editors in the titles, we attempted 

to standardise these names and terms as much as possible. The different names and terms that 

�� 

experiences of Southeast Asian places and civilisations during the longue durée. 9 Annotations use 

the spellings that authors employed in their writings. For this, we seek our readers’ indulgence in 

inconsistencies they will come across. 

II Bibliographic survey 

The study of Arabs in Southeast Asia is a study of Arab diasporas and communities living across the 

region. These diasporas are transnational, or for pre-colonial era when nation-states have yet to exist, 

translocal. 10 These Hadhrami diasporas retained their cultural identity based more on kinship and nasab 

(lineage) which formed the basis of a uniquely type of �� and less so on language. According 

to Bajunid, the maintenance of this �� varies through three distinctive time periods in Southeast 

�� 

maintenance of identity, or threats to such displays of identity. 11 

Arabs in pre-colonial Southeast Asia 

Pre-colonial Southeast Asia was a period when Islam played a dominant role in traditional centres of 

the Muslim world. The Arabs were looked upon as custodians of Islam. General recognition of this 

9 See (930), p. viii. 

10 See (481), footnote 3 of p. 2. See also (141) for more explanations on the Hadhrami identity in connection with Ibn Khaldun’s 

concept of �� 

11 Omar Farouk Bajunid, The dynamics of Islamic, Arabisation and localization in the Malay World, Malay Studies: Working paper 

series, Ctoria University of Wellington, 1-32, 7. 

17


paved the way for the Arabs to intermarry with locals from the upper class communities. 12 This did not in 

any way dilute the core Arab identity that is based on patrilineal descent as projected by the existence 

of Arab clan names at that time. 13 Who these Arabs were, is still open to question. Although sources 

from the period acknowledge the presence of Arabs in the region during the pre-colonial period, most 

�� 

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A Hadhrami Arab denotes a person who belongs to a sub-grouping within the wider race or ethnic group 

known as “Arab” and originates from Hadhramaut, Yemen. They are known for their entrepreneurial 

traits and their role in propagating Islam in Africa, Asia and Southeast Asia. 14 Their mass migration 

to these areas was reported to happen in the 19 th and 20 th centuries. Abushouk goes further in the 

introduction of his book by his claim that many of the Hadhrami migrants during this time went to 

Southeast Asia. 15 

There is a general consensus amongst scholars that permanent overseas Hadhrami emigration into 

Southeast Asia was a fairly recent phenomenon, which is, of the 19 th and 20 th centuries. However, for 

Yusof A. Talib, who wrote a comprehensive bibliographic essay in French reviewing European writings 

on the Hadhrami emigration, the occurrence of the Hadhrami emigration into Indian Ocean such as the 

islands of Zanzibar, Madagascar, Comores and the Malay Archipelago, was not a recent trend. 16 

12 See (354), (409) & (403). 

13 See footnote 7 above. 

14 Muhammad Hasan Al-Aydrus reinforces this in his 1996 work Penyebaran Islam di Asia Tenggara: Asyraf Hadramaut dan 

peranannya�� 

original nine wali or saints of Islam through the progeny of Ahmad bin Isa, who are mostly Hadhramis. Drewes makes this a 

subject of his study by looking at classical Indonesian texts. 

15 See (486). 

16 See (159). 

18

However, this hypothesis remains to be established due to lack of statistical data and further reinforced 

by impermanence of small-scale Hadhrami movements. In addition, even if small migration occurred 

before the 19 th century, the very scale would not warrant this human movement as a historical event or 

prominent enough to be recorded in the history books. G. R. Tibbetts posits such human movements as 

“semi-permanent settlements [that] were established by roving merchant populations”. 17 

G. R. Tibbetts’ own life-long work strengthens this hypothesis as he acknowledges that Arab presence 

and trade in Southeast Asia was as early as the 5 th and 7 th centuries. Gleaning from Arab and Chinese 

sources, documentary evidences proved that there were conclusive trade relations between “South 

Arabia” and China via the sea route. 18 While Tibbetts establishes the presence of Muslims settlements 

in Southeast Asia, the author remains doubtful that permanent Arab colonies were set up in Southeast 

Asia for trade or missionary work. Instead, he posits that these were semi-permanent settlements. 

Without going into the argument of Islamisation of Southeast Asia here, the foundation of Tibbetts’ work, 

which was largely based on Arab and Chinese sources, proved that there were other alternatives to 

European sources. These sources pinpoint to Arabs’ existence in Southeast Asia pre-19 th century. 

Tibbetts’ work on this type of Arabic travel literature was laudable, as it did not dismiss the value of 

these Arab literary works in illuminating the presence of Arab traders in Southeast Asia. The nature of 

�� 

sources were by writers who interviewed Arab merchants and sailors that made their long voyage 

between Malaya and ports of the Persian Gulf. In addition, some of the sources were copied from other 

secondary sources. These were of fanciful tales woven by sailors, while some were even harder to 

verify with other comparable foreign works. Tibbetts concedes that European scholars only began to 

recognise the Arab contributions to the study of this period of Malayan history in the last 

hundred years. 19 

The issue of whether these Arabs were Hadhramis still remains. There are two sides to this. There 

are scholars who refrained from making such a statement. Ulrike Freitag, notes the tendency in “some 

Hadhrami literature to retrospectively claim a major role in Islamisation, notably of Southeast Asia, 

which was earlier ascribed to Muslims of Indian and Persian origins”. 20 Furthermore, Abdul Rahman 

Tang Abdullah states that the Malay Annals do not associate Islamisation in the Malay courts to 

Hadhrami Arabs but to Arabs who came from Hijaz. He posits that the local royal families had already 

established their superior royalty prestige from the Hijaz clan, 21 and hence, were not invested in such 

claims that Hadhramis brought Islam to the royal courts in Southeast Asia. 

Scholars from the other side of the camp, notably of Hadhrami origins, however, further ask whom these 

�� th century, were. 22 This calls 

into question the so-called historical myth of the wali songo (nine saints of Java). The Babad Tanah Jawi 

17 See (101-102),(106) & (156). 

18 Tibbetts, (1956). 

19 See (156), p. 84. 

20 See (481), p. 17. 

21 See (402). 

22 See Section 2.5 for these works. 

19


attributes the conversion of Java to Islam to the wali songo. Douwe Adolf Rinkes, the Dutch scholar, 

revisited the burial sites and also reexamined classical Indonesian literature that purportedly point to 

the existence of the nine saints of Java. He did not come to any concrete conclusions about the identity 

of these nine saints. This departs from some scholars who opine that some, if not all of the saints were 

Hadhrami Arabs. 23 

However Farid Alatas asserts his position from a socio-historical standpoint that “the question of 

Hadhrami origins is important not merely for the sake of historical accuracy, but because it laid the 

foundations for the �� 24 

Alatas demonstrates that Hadhrami sources contain genealogies of the wali songo who lived in Java 

during the 15th and 16th centuries. Moreover, he argues that many indigenous works portray these 

“saints” as historical personalities. 

As it appears, the Hadhrami Arabs were not the only groups of people from the Middle East who 

appeared to enjoy the lucrative trade in Southeast Asia. There were Persians, Armenians, Syrians, 

Muslim Druze and Oriental Jews who arrived at the scene. 25 Even so, the question as to whether the 

Hadhramis were continuing Islamisation from the work of others since the 19 th century remains to be 

a source of contention amongst scholars in Hadhrami studies. In general, scholars tend to agree that 

Indians, Indians of Arab origin and Arabs who came to the region by India, carried out large-scale 

Islamisation of the Malay-Indonesian Archipelago. 26 

The colonial era: 19 th and early 20 th centuries 

The colonial period was marked by a growth of Hadhrami diasporas in the Malay world, especially after 

the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869. Steamships plying the Red Sea, Indian Ocean and the Straits 

of Malacca further facilitated travel and communication. Paradoxically, it was the colonial geopolitics 

that provided the documentation on the history of Hadhramaut and other polities across Southeast Asia. 

This is certainly true in the 19 th and 20 th centuries of Hadhrami emigration. More importantly, literature 

from this period saw explicit mention of Hadhrami Arabs in the region. 

The Dutch civil servant and scholar of the 19th century, L. W. C. Van den Berg, prepared the seminal 

report �� 

. 27 It was in French as French was 

the more popular European language than Dutch. Although the volume was based on interviews of 

overseas Hadhramis living in Batavia (Jakarta) and travel literature on Hadhramaut, �� 

provides a vivid description of the geography and history of Hadhramaut as well as the history of the 

Hadhrami emigration into Southeast Asia. Berg did not visit Hadhramaut when he published the report 

at the end of 1886 in Batavia, 28 but his report was an important reference for European powers of the 

23 See (188). 

24 See (141), p. 33. 

25 The Persians were mostly traders. Some of them were Christian missionaries who were in the Philippines and the areas of the 

Malay Archipelago such as Java, Sumatra, Sunda and Maluku. 

26 See (141), p. 32. 

27 See (326). 

28� �� 

20

day. This report remains as one of the most cited sources on the history of Hadhrami emigration into 

�� 

�� 

�� 

publication, had 38 publications to his name. 29 

Fifty years after Berg’s report, the British published A report on the social, economic and political 

conditions of the Hadramawt�� 

in the British colonial service before the three-year British occupation of Hadhramaut. 30 Subsequently, 

written reports on the socio-economic and political conditions of Hadhramaut were published by 

�� 31 Three years after the report, Ingrams 

�� 

members of the Hadhrami community. He was there to allay any anti-British sentiments that could have 

resulted from British intervention in the affairs of Hadhramaut in 1934. Before 1934, the British were 

only interested in preventing other foreign powers from staking their interests over Hadhramaut. 32 This 

dialogue distinguished Singapore as a site for highly political discussions and negotiations. 

R. B. Serjeant’s work The Sayyids of Hadramawt is another noteworthy source as it was presented in 

a refreshing and original manner for its time. 33 This work was based on an inaugural lecture that was 

given at the University of London on the 5 June 1956. Academic monographs rely heavily on colonial 

reports. Serjeant departs from this methodology as he also employs a healthy range of published and 

unpublished sources of the sayyid families. What arises from this study of hagiographies, genealogies 

and sources in the British archives is a convincing and lively tale of the well-organised sayyid groups. 

�� 

such intra-group psychology and organisation in Hadhramaut helps us understand intra-group dynamics 

and politics in Indonesia. 34 

29 See (913), p. 38. 

30 William Harold Ingrams (1897-1973) began his career as a Second Lieutenant in the King’s Shophsire Light Infantry, and from 

1914-1918 was promoted to Lieutenant. He joined the Colonial Service and held several posts. These were Assistant District 

Commissioner, 1919-1925, Second Assistant Secretary, Zanzibar, 1925-1927, Assistant Colonial Secretary, Mauritius, 1927-1933, 

�� 

Saudi Arabia (later the Eastern Aden Protectorate), 1937-1940 and 1942-1944 and Acting Governor, 1940, and Chief Secretary, 

1940-1942, Aden. After his mission in Aden, he served the British government in various capacities until his retirement in 1968. 

Some of his publications are Arabia and the Isle (1942), Seven across the Sahara (1949) and The Yemen: Imams, rulers and 

revolutions (1963). 

31� �� 

�� 

�� 

Hazeu (Hazeu Collection) and Collectie R. A. Kern (Kern Collection) in KITLV, Leiden, Netherlands and the Oriental Collection of 

the Leiden University. Some of the other colonial sources on Hadhrami exist in Seiyun Archives (SMA). 

32 See (384), p. 71. 

33 See (86). 

34 See (480). Non-sayyid Hadhramis were thought to have descended from Quraysh tribes. 

21


Sejeant’s other work Historians and historiography of Hadramawt for the Bulletin of the School 

of Oriental and African Studies presents the author’s knowledge of printed historical literature of 

�� 

materials from pre-Islamic inscriptions, documents on the Islamic period, Hadhrami chronicles, 

genealogical works, historical materials of the 19th century, materials on the Alawi-Irshadi dispute, 

historical works by sayyids, social history, works thought to be no longer extant, and historical 

�� 

by Hadhramis who were connected with Southeast Asia. 35 

The Hadhrami elites were active in politics and international relations before the arrival of 

the Europeans. Hadhrami individuals achieved powerful positions in Riau, Melaka, Aceh and 

Minangkabau. 36 These elites collaborated and acted as intermediaries between indigenous rulers and 

European colonisers. Because of their connections, the colonial powers feared that the emergence of 

Pan-Islamism would threaten their stake in the region. 37 As a result, Arab loyalty to the colonial powers 

was questioned from time to time and essentially, politically-motivated movements were seen as 

products of Pan-Islamism and therefore, essentially anti-colonialist in nature. Such suspicions motivated 

�� 38 

The increase of Hadhramis in the region during the colonial period provides the sharp dichotomy 

between overseas Hadhramis and “pure” Hadhramis living in Hadhramaut. The need to retain their 

genealogies further reinforces this sense of separateness amongst the overseas Hadhramis. British and 

Dutch policies also contribute to this segregation between the Hadhramis and other racial categories. 

The Dutch policies of segregation divided the Dutch East Indies into three broad racial categories: 

Europeans, Vreemde Oosterlingen (Foreign Orientals) and natives. The Arabs were part of the 

Foreign Oriental category. The British had their own categories for the natives. In British Malaya, the 

context was slightly different from the Dutch East Indies, as the Arabs were not forced to live in special 

neighbourhoods. What further distinguish Arabs in the British Malaya and Arabs in the Dutch East 

Indies was that Arabs in the Dutch East Indies drew heavily on the idea of Hadhramaut as a source of 

inspiration with the rise of Indonesia’s national consciousness. 39 

Post-colonial period 

After the emergence of Southeast Asian independent nation-states, Hadhrami identity remains visible 

despite the certain level of indigenisation that took place over the decades. The Hadhramis were 

involved in the process of nation-building as they forged a role as citizens of resident states. Due to the 

legacy of their predecessors and partly due to their colonial heritage, the Arabs retained their ethnic 

identity through the maintenance of ethnic associations, clan names and intermarriage relations. The 

35 See (54). 

36 See (297), (969-970) and (977-978). 

37� �� Turkische Skizzen (1877). For more on 

literature on the term, see footnote 1 of (292). 

38 See 3.5 of bibliography. 

39 See (304-306) & (878). 

22

success of assimilation according to Milton Gordon‘s proposed seven variables 40 provides the most 

comprehensive criteria for discussing the case of Hadhrami diasporas in Southeast Asia. Islam plays a 

major role in the Hadhramis’ assimilation. A difference is, in the past, the Hadhrami elites were looked 

upon as custodians of Islam. However, after the evolution of the nation-states, Hadhramis shared this 

important role with other Muslim groups. 41 

In Malaya, and later Malaysia, the Hadhramis were recognised as bumiputeras and enjoy the same 

privileges conferred upon Malays under the Federal Constitution. For Indonesia and Brunei, Hadhramis 

still qualify for special privileges under the respective constitutions. In Singapore, however, Singapore 

Hadhramis maintain their special position in the republic’s social landscape but were not accorded the 

same rights as the Malays due to policies of meritocracy, positive discrimination and multiculturalism. 42 

Several debates occurred through Singapore media in the 1980s that saw Arabs positioning themselves 

apart from the Malay community in Singapore. 43 

Nevertheless, the contributions of the Arabs towards their “host societies” are tremendous. This paved 

the way for further assimilation of the Arabs into the different communities. The economic impact of 

the Arabs on Hadhramaut was once tremendous, as Ingrams himself estimated in 1934 that the total 

remittances pouring into Hadhramaut from abroad annually was a staggering sum of 630,000 pounds 

sterling. It was said that Hadhramaut became dependant on remittances from the diasporas, particularly 

from Southeast Asia. 44 

The impact of the Hadhrami emigration on the introduction and spread of commercial laws and 

techniques in the diasporas are evident. The setting up of Islamic institutions such as the Shariah Court 

in Southeast Asia, for instance, is partly encouraged by legislative history of colonial powers. However, 

�� 

�� 

of jurispudence. Rajeswary Brown starts in this direction of scholarship, 45 although more could be done 

�� 46 

40 The seven variables are: (i) change of cultural patterns to those of host society; (ii) large-scale entrance into cliques, clubs 

and institutions of the host society on the primary group level; (iii) large-scale intermarriage; (iv) development of a sense of 

�� 

�� 

41 See Section 4. 

42 See footnote 9 of this article. 

43 See section 3.2 of this bibliography. 

44� �� 

reforms, see (260). 

45 See (857-858). 

46 See (141), p. 25. 

23


III Compiler’s notes 

Arrangements 

The 1,206 entries are arranged according to 14 main subject headings: Hadhramaut; Travel, Migration 

& the Coming of Islam; Politics, Nationalism and Pan-Islamism; Communities & Diasporas; Lectures, 

Essays, Literary arts & Commercial Publications; Performing Arts; Language; Social Life; Material 

Culture; Business & Enterprise; Biography; Genealogy; Law and, The Arabic Legal Documents from 

The Koh Seow Chuan Collection. 

The articles within each subject heading are listed alphabetically by author or title, for works with no 

authors’ names. This is subsequently arranged by the year of publication. Where available, translations 

of the title will be given in square brackets. 

English and Malay titles are annotated in their respective languages. Titles in other foreign languages 

such as Arabic, Dutch, French and German are annotated in English. A foreign language title is 

indicated with square brackets at the beginning of the annotation. For instance, an Arabic title is 

�� 

within each subject category. 

Access to the Library’s Resources 

Most of the resources cited in this bibliography can be found in the Lee Kong Chian Reference Library, 

National Library Singapore unless otherwise stated. Except for titles indicated as “RCLOS”, all of the 

Library’s items can be consulted freely as open access materials from Level 7 to Level 11 of Lee Kong 

Chian Reference Library. 

Patrons who wish to consult RCLOS items, may apply for them at the information counter of Level 11. 

Items that are indicated as “RU R” need to be requested for at the information counters of level 7 or 11 

in advance as these items are at an offsite storage area. For items that are indicated as “RRARE”, only 

�� 

numbers are given. 

Items labelled as “RCLOS”, “RSING” and “RSEA” are available at the Library’s Singapore and 

Southeast Asia Collections (Level 11). 

Patrons who request to consult the Arabic Legal Documents from the Koh Seow Chuan Collection, 

need to apply in advance by completing a form at the information counter of Level 11. Access to these 

documents is subjected to permission by the donor. 

There is full online access for newspaper articles from The Straits Times though this website: 

http://newspapers.nl.sg. Full-text articles from certain years can be accessed remotely. Details on 

accessibility can be found in the website’s FAQ. 

Theses, some journal titles and rare items can be found at the Central Library of the National University 

of Singapore (NUS) and the library of the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (ISEAS). To check on 

their availability, patrons are advised to search the online catalogues of these two libraries. As ISEAS 

24

and NUS libraries have their own rules and applications, patrons are advised to check with the libraries 

concerned to access their resources. Items that belong to Associate Professor Syed Farid Alatas are 

indicated as “Private Collection of Syed Farid Alatas”. Items, without call numbers or an indication of its 

location, are included in this bibliography for reference only. 

Websites cited are valid in December 2009. 

Standards 

The Arabic transliteration that is used here follows the Library of Congress standards. Names, as much 

�� 

�� 

of Association (ALA) Filing Rules. 

Audience 

Other than scholars of Hadhramis in Indian Ocean and Southeast Asia, researchers and heritage 

�� 

the general public as well as the experienced academics and postgraduate scholars were taken into 

consideration when this bibliography was conceptualised. 

Limitations 

Here are some of our recommendations for the next compiler: 

Firstly, due to time constraints, it was not possible to access articles from important primary documents 

such as the Utusan Melayu and other Malay and English sources published in Singapore. We made 

�� Berita Harian and all the Arabic newspapers that were published in 

the 1920s-1930s. Utusan Melayu would have interesting insights for us as it was seen as a deliberate 

attempt to wrest power from Arab dominance in Malay publishing in Singapore. 47 

Secondly, it would be very meaningful if the next project would include documents from the National 

Archives of Singapore (NAS) that contain information on the Arabs. This bibliography only includes 

bibliographic references on oral interviews done by the Archives and a reference to Paul Kratoska’s 

�� 48 We also recommend Jane Priestland’s �� 

British documentary sources (Vols. 1-12). However, the documents and annotations listed and edited by 

�� 

little on Singapore. 49 

Thirdly, there are vast collections of Dutch sources, which we do not have access to. Without full 

�� 

47 See (257). 

48 Kratoska, Paul H. (Compiler). (1990).�� 

(Vols. 1-12). Kuala Lumpur: Arkib 

Negara Malaysia. RSING 016.9595106 KRA -[LIB] V. 

49 See (320). 

25


often primary documents on the subject of Arabs and Islam in Indonesia. The province of Hadhrami 

literature from Indonesia is vast. Perhaps there would be a time when a bibliography focused on the 

Netherlands East Indies or Indonesia can be published. 

Journals that indicate statistics on population and demography of Singapore are too numerous to be 

included in this bibliography. 

Apart from the publishing efforts by the Hadhrami communities in Southeast Asia, many of the sources 

that are available are manuscripts. These can be found in the Al-Ahqaf Library in Tarim, Hadhramaut; 

Jam’iyyat Khayr Library in Jakarta, Indonesia; and the Arabic legal documents of the Koh Seow Chuan 

Collection in the Lee Kong Chian Reference Library, National Library Singapore. The collection in 

Singapore comprises power of attorney documents, title deeds and wills. As mentioned earlier, many 

sources are still in private hands. This bibliography is a call for private donors to come forth and deposit 

their valuable copies with us or to provide them on loan for digitisation at least. 

Conclusion 

We hope this bibliography would further promote in-depth research into the Hadhrami world of 

Southeast Asia. In time, growth of a more comprehensive, more organised, well-indexed and extensive 

�� 

Kartini Saparudin 

Reference Librarian 

Singapore and Southeast Asian Collections 

National Library Singapore. 

26

1 HADHRAMAUT 

1.1 Politics & economics 

�� , p. 3. 

� �� 

�� 

(Hadhramaut) for a peace talk amongst them. 

�� Al-Hudá, p. 2. 

� �� 

�� 

development of Hadhramaut. 

3. Boxberger, Linda�� 

Ulrike Freitag & W. G. Clarence-Smith (Eds.), Hadhrami traders, scholars, and statesmen in 

�� 

(pp. 51-66). Leiden: Koninklijke Brill. 

Call No.: RSEA 304.809533 HAD 

�� 

particular insights into rivalry of the Kathiri and Quayti sultans and how the abolition of 

their sultanates ended peacefully. This includes a map of South-western Arabia. 

4. Bujra, Abdalla�� Middle Eastern 

Studies, 3(4), 355-375. 

Online: Available from NLB’s e-Resources - JSTOR 

�� 

�� 

at the turn of the 20th century, culminating to just before the Japanese invasion. The 

second is the Hadhrami reaction to the Yemeni Revolution of the 1960s. The tensions 

between the Alawi and Irshadi camps in the Far East is compared with the pro- and anti- 

Republican tensions in the Middle East during the later period. 

5. Freitag, Ulrike. (1997). Hadhramis in international politics c. 1750-1967. In Ulrike Freitag & 

W. G. Clarence-Smith (Eds.), Hadhrami traders, scholars, and statesmen in the Indian Ocean, 

�� (pp. 112-130). Leiden: Koninklijke Brill. 


This aims to enlarge the perspective of a debate, which has so far concentrated 

on relations between homeland, diasporas and host country. In the imperial 

age, the Hadhramis has skillfully used their international networks to succeed in 

�� 

�� 

chances for foreign support were high during the increase of imperial rivalry. 

27

1 Hadhramaut 

6. Gavin, R. J. (1975). Aden under British rule, 1839-1967. London: Hurst. 

Call No.: R 953.35 GAV 

This book looks into British activities in Aden and its hinterland based on available 

�� 

emphasizes not only British policies towards South-west Arabia, but also the history of 

�� 

economically advanced neighbours. 

�� Al-Hudá, p. 6. 

� �� 

�� 

�� 

8. Hartwig, Friedhelm. (1997). Expansion, state foundation and reform: The contest for power 

in Hadhramaut in the nineteenth century. In Ulrike Freitag & W. G. Clarence-Smith (Eds.), 

�� 

(pp. 35-50). 

Leiden: Koninklijke Brill. 


This chapter looks at factors that pushed for the political transformation of Hadhramaut 

during the late 18 th and 19 th centuries. It examines the contest for power in Hadhramaut 

during the 19 th century. Finally, it looks at the local aspect of the Kathiri sultanate and its 

relationship with its supporters. This includes a comparative chronology of political and 

military events in India and South Arabia. 

9. Ingrams, William Harold. (1945, April). Political development in the Hadhramaut. International 

Affairs, 21(2), 236-252. 

Available in NUS 


28 

Ingrams describes the state of political and social affairs in Hadhramaut as one of chronic 

strife, and reliant on the wealth generated by overseas Hadhrami communities - the 

largest settlement of which was in Java. With regards to British administration of the area, 

Ingrams reported that a similar treaty to that of the rulers of Unfederated Malay States 

was drawn up for Hadhramaut. He also highlights the methods used in the building up of 

state government and social services with the Quaiti state as an example. Ingrams also 

recounts attempts by a separatist movement of the Bin ‘Abdat section of the Kathiri tribe. 

It was supported by income earned from their property investments in Singapore and 

Java.

10. Ingrams, William Harold. (1964). The Yemen imams, rulers, and revolutions. New York: 

F.A. Praeger. 

Call No.: RU R 953.32 ING 

The campaign of King Ahmed of Yemen against the British in Aden made his name and 

his country known to the world. Revolution in Yemen, however, is nothing new. This 

book traces the historical overview of the gradual and theocratic regime from the time 

of the Prophet Muhammad, the spread of Arab nationalism that generated because 

of Napoleon’s conquest in Egypt in 1798, the rise of Turkish imperialism, the British 

presence in Aden, etc. It also looks at the colourful lives of imams of Yemen. 

11. Ingrams, William Harold. (1997). Arabia and the isles (3rd ed.). New York: Kegan Paul 

International. 

Call No.: R 953.35 ING 

Different parts of this edition were completed at different points of Ingram’s own journey 

as a civil servant throughout his travels in Arabia and after, in particular his journey 

�� 

and 1940s. Other than documenting his travels at a personal level, Ingrams attempts to 

explicate the British policy towards Southwest Arabia and Hadhramaut during the 20th �� 

the edition as a result of the development in his thoughts on the subject. Above all, this 

�� 

12. Ingrams, William Harold, & Ingrams, Doreen. (1945, January-February). The Hadhramaut in 

time of war. �� 

(1-2), 1-29. 

Call No.: RU R 910.5 GJ 


In their address, the Ingrams gave an update on the situation in Hadhramaut. They 

provided an account of their journey to the Wahidi country, as well as the administrative 

and humanitarian work that was taking place in Hadhramaut. The paper also includes a 

reference to their visit to Singapore, Penang, and Java. 

13. Kostiner, Joseph. (1996). �� 

. London: Royal 

Institute of International Affairs. 

Call No.: R 953.305 KOS 

�� 

with the preparations taken during the 1970s and 1980s, which preceded the union in 

1990. It then examines the subsequent evolution of unity as well as the problems that led 

to internal war. 

29

1 Hadhramaut 

14. Lekon, Christian. (1997). The impact of remittances on the economy of Hadhramaut, 

1914-1967. In Ulrike Freitag & W. G. Clarence-Smith (Eds.), Hadhrami traders, scholars, and 

�� 



This chapter focuses on three components. It examines (i) the importance of overseas 

remittances for different regions in Hadhramaut; (ii) the impact of two World Wars and the 

�� 

stagnation in Hadhramaut. 

15. Mahdi, Kamil A., Würth, Anna, & Lackner, Helen. (2007). �� 

Continuity and change. Reading, UK: Ithaca Press. 

Call No.: R 953.32053 

This is a collaborative effort by scholars and policy-makers on the Yemen in the 21 st 

century. It provides wide-ranging issues from the economic issue of labour migration in 

Yemen to educational policy issues in Yemen. It is a must-read for readers who have a 

stake in modern Yemen. 

16. Smith, G. Rex (Gerald Rex). (2002, April). “Ingrams peace”, Hadramawt, 1937-40: Some 

contemporary documents. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society (Third Series), 12(1), 1-30. 



The paper examines some contemporary British documents relating to the peace pact 

that Sayyid Sir Abu Bakr Al-Kaf and Harold Ingrams established during the period 

1937-1940. The author provides a description of the key players in the negotiations, an 

�� 

account of the peacemaking process. The second half of the paper, the author analyses 

the documents itself, and these include materials such as minutes of meetings and 

correspondences. 

�� , p. 3. 

� �� 

30 

�� 

the capital of Tarim to celebrate his inauguration after his uncle Sultan ‘Umar, passed 

away.

18. United Nations. Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia. (2006). Review and 

appraisal of progress made by Yemen in the implementation of the new Programme of Action for 

�� 

. New York: United Nations. 

Call No.: R 953.32 REV 

This study contains analyses of the procedures undertaken by Yemen with a view to 

implement the “Programme of Action” adopted by the Third United Nations Conference on 

the Least Developed Countries, that was held in Brussels from 14 to 20 May 2001. This 

was entitled “Programmes of Action for the Decade 2001-2010 for the Least Developed 

Countries”. The Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA) prepared 

�� 

Yemen of the Programme of Action, and of the ways in which globalisation and regional 

integration have been managed. 

19. Vom Bruck, Gabriele. (2005). Islam, memory, and morality in Yemen: Ruling families 

in transition. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 

Call No.: R 953.3 VOM 

1.2 History & society 

For over a millennium, the Yemeni hereditary elite had enjoyed exclusive rights to the 

leadership of the Imamate, the religiously sanctioned state. After King Faysal of Iraq was 

violently removed from power in 1958, which subsequently meant the overthrow of the 

Yemeni Imamite - the longest reigning Hashimite rule in the Middle East, the Hashimite 

power declined. This book tells the story of the Yemeni hereditary elite which was 

overthrown in the 1962 revolution in North Yemen. It highlights their personal predicament 

as those targeted by the revolution as they make sense of their current lives in the 

process of remembering and formulating responses to adversity. 

20. �� 

. (2007). �� 

�� 

�� 

Available in NLB 

�� 

�� 

21. �� 

. (1990). �� 

�� 


�� 

31

1 Hadhramaut 

22. �� 

�� 

[A booklet 

�� 

�� 

�� 

Call No.: R 306.095335 HAL 

�� 

1425 to 1426 Hijrah, educational and social forums on how to preserve the creativity, as 

well as cultural studies and heritage of Hadhramaut. 

23. �� 

. (1996). �� 

�� 

�� 

�� 

�� 


[In Arabic] The history of the Arabian Peninsula and its people through time before the 

advent of Islam. 

24. �� 

. (1998). Arabian and other essays. Hyderabad: Haneef 

Book Binding Works. 


[In Arabic] This is a collection of articles of literary, historical and other interests. It tells 

the genesis, evolution and development of Arabic poetry, the Arabic novel, the history 

of Hadhramaut prior to and into the early Islamic period, and the relations between the 

Arabian Peninsula and Deccan. 

25. Arai, Kazuhiro. (2007). An attempt to reform Hadramawt in the early twentieth-century: A 

preliminary consideration on the “Truth Society (Jam‘iyyat Al-Laqq)” of Tarim. Memoirs of the 

Research Department of The Toyo Bunko, 65, 91-112. Retrieved May 6, 2009 from 

http://www.toyo-bunko.or.jp/international/zenbun/memoirs65/04ARAI.pdf 

This paper is a study of the “Truth Society” in Tarim from 1915-1917 based on an 

unpublished document entitled “The Truth Society Note” that is held in the private 

collection of a descendent of the society’s founding president, Abd Al-Rahman b. Shaykh 

Al-Kaf. The author looks at the objectives and origins of the society, the composition of 

its members (who were mainly of the sada class) and the key activities of the society that 

include the promotion of education and promotion of a less luxurious or wasteful lifestyle. 

26. �� 

. (n.d.). �� 

[The ancients and the end]. 

[S.I.: s.n]. 

Call No.: R 953.35 AYD 

32 

[In Arabic] Snippets of events in Hadhramaut pertaining to its history, discoveries, religion 

and others.

27. �� 

. (2001). �� 

[Games of the town of 

�� 

Call No.: R 394.3095335 AYD-[CUS] 

[In Arabic] Children’s games native to the town of Tarim. 

28. �� 

. (2005).�� 

[Snippets of 

�� 


[In Arabic] Narrates stories on traditions and landmarks of Tarim in the past that can serve 

as a reminder or important information to readers. 

29. �� 

. (2006). �� 

[Native words of 

�� 

Call No.: R 621.9095335 AYD 

[In Arabic] A concise description of the various tools and items used in Tarim and their 

local terms. Some of these tools can only be found in Tarim. The tools include those for 

carpentry, tanning, drafting, fabric spinning and blacksmithing etc. 

30. �� 

. (1998). �� 

�� 

�� 

�� 

Call No.: R 953.3 BAM 

[In Arabic] The author pieces together the information of each immigrant who came to 

Yemen by translating contents and events with respect to geographical information and 

description of the clans. 

31. �� 

. (2008). �� 

[A 

�� 

wa-Al-Nashr. 


�� 

The author focuses on two parts - past history of Yemen and stories from the history of 

Hadhramaut. 

32. �� 

. (2005). �� 

[Missing 

�� 

Call No.: R 953.35 BIL 

�� 

�� 

of Hadhramaut. 

33

1 Hadhramaut 

33. Camelin, Sylvaine�� 

Ulrike Freitag & W. G. Clarence-Smith (Eds.), Hadhrami traders, scholars, and statesmen in the 

�� 



�� 

Hadhrami society. She represents the groups and their relations as a whole from her 

perspective of her research in Al-Shihr. 

34. �� 

. (2007).�� 

. London: 

Laurence King. 

Call No.: RART 720.95335 DAM 

This is a study on the mud brick buildings of Yemen. Organised according to the principal 

�� 

�� 

pertinent architectural information such as building notes, interviews with master builders, 

plans, sketches, along with photographs of the country’s vernacular architecture. 

35. Dresch, Paul. (1989). Tribes, government, and history in Yemen. Oxford England; New York: 

Clarendon Press; Oxford University Press. 

Call No.: R 953.32 DRE 

This is a penetrating study of South Arabia, where the sedentary tribes of highland 

Yemen remain important after many centuries. Dresch combines ethnography with 

history to describe a thousand year old tribal system by drawing heavily on local histories, 

�� 

�� 

�� , p. 4. 

� �� 

[In Arabic] A debate on the night of Thursday, 24th�� 

Auditorium. The motion is “Traditions of Hadhramaut”. 

37. Freitag, Ulrike. (1997). Hadhramaut. �� 

Singapore, 2(2), 5-6. 

Call No.: RSING 305.89275957 AMP 

Freitag describes her experiences in visiting Mukalla in 1996. The city’s strong sense 

of history and its more modern changes strike. She recounts the challenges of being a 

Western female visitor and also the local hospitality she encounters with 

Southeast Asians. 

38. Hestler, Anna. (1999). Yemen. Singapore: Times Books International. 

Call No.: R 953.3 HES 

34 

Yemen is strikingly distinctive from the rest of the Arabian Peninsula with its lush green 

valleys and rugged mountains. Known as the fabled land of the queen of Sheba, Yemen 

has deep roots that traced to pre-Islamic times. This book gives an understanding of the 

geography, history, lifestyle, food, festivals, etc of the region.

39. Ibn Al-Mujawir, Yusuf ibn Ya’qub, & Smith, G. Rex (Gerald Rex). (2008). A traveller in 

�� 

. Aldershot, Hants; Burlington, VT 

London: Ashgate; For the Hakluyt Society. 

Call No.: R 915.3042 IBN-[TRA] 

�� th century) by Ibn Al-Mujawir. It is a fascinating account of the western and southern areas 

of the Arabian Peninsula by a man of the east of the Islamic world. His route began 

in Mecca to run south through the Red Sea coastal plain, Tihamah, down into Yemen 

and along the southern coast of peninsula. Contained in this book are appendices of 

genealogical and dynastic tables of prominent families of Yemen as well as routes taken 

by Ibn Al-Mujawir. List of literary works quoted by writer in the text is also included in 

the appendices. 

40. �� 

. (2003). �� 

�� 

[History of Hadhramaut past and 

�� 

Call No.: R 953.35 IBN 

�� 

�� 

events are arranged in chronological order of time and are very detailed. 

41. �� 

�� 

�� . (2009). 

�� 

�� [Arab 

�� 

Call No.: RSEA 929.20953 IBN 

[In Arabic] Provides a comprehensive description of the tribes and its clans living in 

Al-Mahjar and Hadhramaut. 

42. Ingrams, Leila. (2006). �� 

. 

London: Stacey International. 

Call No.: R 953.300222 ING 

This documents the heritage of Yemen as portrayed by foreign travellers from 1496 to the 

turn of the 20th�� 

travelers” from the West to make Hadhramaut their home in 1930s and 1940s. Copies of 

illustrations that survived dated from 1680 onwards. 

43. Ingrams, William Harold. (1936, December). Hadhramaut: A journey to the Sei’ar country and 

through the Wadi Maseila. The Geographical Journal, 88(6), 524-551. 



In Ingrams’ account of his visit to Hadhramaut in 1934, he makes reference to the 

Hadhramis in Southeast Asia, detailing their population size, value of remittances and 

the trades that they were engaged in. He also attributes the liberal movement to limit the 

�� 

35

1 Hadhramaut 

44. Ingrams, William Harold. (1938, October). The Hadhramaut: Present and future. 

The Geographical Journal, 92(4), 289-311. 



This is a lecture given by Ingrams at a Royal Geographical Society evening meeting. In 

his talk, Ingrams describes his trip to Hadhramaut in 1936 where he and his wife visited 

Shibam, Mukalla, Shihr, Seiyun and other parts of the country. He also documents 

the changes he saw since his last visit in 1934. The article also includes a short 

description on the completion of the Alkaff Road, and a reference to an expectation that 

the Hadhramis abroad will return home as improvements in the areas of security and 

employment opportunities are being made. 

45. Ingrams, William Harold. (1938, October). Peace in the Hadhramaut. Journal of the Royal 

Central Asian Society, 25(4), 507-541. 

all No.: RU R 950.05 JRCAS 

In his lecture given on July 20, 1938, Ingrams shares his visit to Hadhramaut in 1934. 

He assesses the state of Hadhramaut and reports the changes and improvements to 

the place. He also recounts his meeting with Syed Abu Bakar Alkaff, describing him as a 

deeply religious, generous, hospitable and well-respected man, as well as Alkaff’s efforts 

in bringing peace in Hadhramaut. 

46. Ingrams, William Harold. (2001). �� 

�� 

Call No.: R 953.35 ING 

This book was put together during Ingram’s vacation in Hadhramaut between 1935 and 

1934. Contains information on the politics, geographical region, indigenous people, and 

archeological border of Hadhramaut. 

47. Lewcock, Ronald B. (1986). �� 

. Paris, France: 

UNESCO. 

Call No.: R 953.35 LEW 

�� 

Hadhramaut through its history and the many efforts at preserving one of the most 

valuable cultural heritage of the world. Contains photographs of the famous sites as well 

as a chronology of the area. 

48. Lewcock, Ronald B. (1986). �� 

. Paris: Unesco. 

Call No.: R 953.32 LEW 

36 

Lewcock gives the background and development of this city, its architecture, social 

structure and way of life. The report concludes with an action plan for the protection and 

conservation of the cultural heritage of this old city.

49. Low, Cheryl-Ann Mei Gek. (2010, January). Hadhramaut: Encountering the familiar in a far 

away place. BiblioAsia, 5(4), 15-18. 

Call No.: RSING 027.495957 SNBBA -[LIB] 

Online: http://www.microsite.nl.sg/PDFs/BiblioAsia/BIBA_0504Jan10.pdf 

Low provides an account of her trip to Hadhramaut as part of her work for the Rihlah 

exhibition. She describes the hospitality of the people of Hadhramut, her observations on 

the culinary culture and port-cities of Shihr and Mukalla, where migrants stayed to earn 

their fare before deciding their destinations. 

50. Maréchaux, Pascal, & Maréchaux, Maria. (1997). Impressions of Yemen. 

New York: Flammarion. 

Call No.: R 953.3 MAR 

As photographers and architects, the Maréchauxs bring to this edition a heightened 

sense of meaning and composition to the buildings they capture while they travel through 

and study Yemen for more than two decades. Their sensitivity towards a misunderstood 

world that demonstrates a mastery of materials, tools and symbols in their architecture 

is thoughtful. 

51. Meulen, D. van der (Daniël). (1947). �� 

. 

London: J. Murray. 


A personal account of Meulen’s travel to the Aden Protectorate and Hadhramaut in 1939. 

Contains references to the Al-Attases and Al-Kafs. 

52. Morrah, Patrick. (1947, September 25). Expedition into South Arabia. The Straits Times, p. 9. 

� �� 

Online: http://newspapers.nl.sg/ 

A book review of van der Meulen’s �� 

. 

53. �� 

. (2008). �� 

M�� 

�� 


�� 

�� 

37

1 Hadhramaut 

54. Serjeant, R. B. (Robert Bertram). (1962). Historians and historiography of Hadramawt. Bulletin 

of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 25(1/3), 239-261. 

Call No.: RU R 950.05 BSOAS 


This article presents the author’s record of the printed historical literature of Hadhramaut, 

�� 

source materials from pre-Islamic inscriptions, documents on the Islamic period, 

Hadhrami chronicles, genealogical works, historical materials of the 19th century, 

materials on the Alawi-Irshadi dispute, historical works by Sayyids, social history, works 

�� 

of these materials reside in Southeast Asia and/or produced by Hadhramis who were 

connected with Southeast Asia. 

55. �� 

. (2007). �� 

[History 

�� 

Call No.: R 953.3 SHA 

�� 

�� 

�� 

during that year or other events. 

56. �� 

. (1994). �� 

[Turns in Hadhrami 

�� 

of Tarim). 

Call No.: R 953.35 SHA 

[In Arabic] History of Hadhramaut before and after Islam until the modern day. It also 

includes Hadhrami landscapes, kingdoms, and geographical information of Hadhramaut. 

57. Sonneborn, Liz. (2008). Yemen. New York, NY: Children’s Press. 

Call No.: R 953.3 SON 

Describes the geography, people, government, culture, history, religion, economy, and 

wildlife of Yemen. 

58. Stark, Freya. (1990). �� 

. 

London: Arrow. 

Call no.: RU 953.35 STA 

38 

This travelogue describes the author’s impressions and observations of her trip in 

Hadhramaut in 1935.

59. United Nations. Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia. (2002). Women and 

men in Yemen: A statistical portrait. New York: United Nations. 

Call No.: R 953.308021 WOM 

This booklet offers a “statistical portrait” of the roles men and women play in the 

Republic of Yemen based on the original Arabic document entitled Women and men in 

the Republic of Yemen: Statistical portrait that was produced by the Central Statistical 

Organisation of the Ministry of Planning and Development. It presents data on legal 

status of women in Yemen, population and household surveys, education and literacy, 

health and reproduction, work and economic activity and representation of men and 

women in public life and leadership. 

60. Wanita Arab juga ingin buang tudong muka. (1962, Januari 26). Berita Harian, p. 3. 

� �� 

Pemberontakan wanita-wanita Arab terhadap peraturan yang tidak membenarkan kaum 

wanita menunjukkan muka mereka kepada kaum lelaki, kecuali suaminya sahaja (di kota 

Aden, Yaman). 

1.3 Hadhramaut & Southeast Asia 

61. Abaza, Mona. (1988). Hadhramaut and the Southeast Asian world: The kinship system, 

�� 

. Bielefeld: Forschungsschwerpunkt 

Entwicklungssoziologie, Universitat Bielefeld. 

Call No.: RSEA 306.095335 ABA 

The author provides an overview of the kinship systems and social practices of 

Hadhramaut and the Malay Archipelago, and examines the issues arising from the 

transfer of Hadhramaut culture to Southeast Asian societies. 

62. �� 

. (2002). �� 

[Holiday in beautiful Java]. 

Call No.: RSEA 915.982 ALH 

[In Arabic] The author shares his experiences of his journey in visiting Java, the places he 

explored, and the people he met. He also explains how Islam was spread to East Asia. 

63. Alkaff, Alwee Sheikh. (1999). Yemeni President visits Singapore. �� 

Arab Association of Singapore, 4(3), 4. 


President Ali Abdullah Saleh’s visit comes with an encouragement to trade. Excerpts of 

his speech and the questions-and-answers are given. 

64. Al Wehdah urges Singapore govt to relax visa entry for Yemenis. (1997). �� 

of the Arab Association of Singapore, 2(2), 3. 


�� 

�� 

of communist rule. 

39

1 Hadhramaut 

65. Arabian Sultan to copy Malaya. (1959, January 19). The Straits Times, p. 5. 

� �� 


Malaya has impressed Sultan Hussain bin Ali Alkatiri, that he aims for his State of Seiyun 

in Southern Arabia to follow the modernisation programme in Malaya. 

66. Arabs raise $11,304 for hurricane fund. (1941, January 25). The Straits Times, p. 4. 

� �� 


A meeting convened in November 1940 at S. M. Alkaff’s home saw the Hadhramis 

�� 

are included. 

67. Di Meglio, Rita Rose. (1970). Arab trade with Indonesia and the Malay Peninsula from the 

8th to the 16th century. In D. S. (Donald Sidney) Richards (Ed.), Islam and the trade of Asia: A 

�� (pp. 105-135). Oxford, England; Philadelphia: B. Cassirer University of 

Pennsylvania Press. 

Call No.: RSEA 382.095 RIC 

The author uses various sources such as tales, travel accounts and sailing directions of 

Arabic, Chinese and Portuguese origins to reconstruct Arab trade with the Malay World 

during the 8 th to 16 th century. The study of Arab trade with the Malay World is framed 

within the larger context of Arab trade with China. 

68. Eastern bank’s business link. (1955, December 2). The Straits Times, p. 10. 

� �� 


The article considers the implications of opening a branch of the Eastern Bank at Mukalla, 

Hadhramaut. This bank offers direct banking between the East Aden Protectorate 

and Malaya. 

69. Freitag, Ulrike. (1999). Hadhramaut: A religious centre for the Indian Ocean in the late 19 th and 

early 20 th century? Studia Islamica, 89, 165-183. 



40 

The author investigates the importance of Hadhramaut as a centre for Islamic learning 

and scholarship in the Indian Ocean during the late 19th century to the early 20th century. Though Hadhramaut played a critical linking role right up to the 18th century, 

�� th century, and is replaced by other centres 

such as Mecca. The author concedes that Hadhramaut was still an important religious 

and spiritual centre for the Muslim communities in the Indian Ocean, but this is mainly 

with the Hadhrami community which have maintained familial and cultural ties with their 

�� 

standing as a centre of excellence for Islamic teaching and scholarship.

70. Freitag, Ulrike. (2003). Indian Ocean migrants and state formation in Hadhramaut: Reforming 

the homeland. Leiden, Netherlands Boston, Mass.: Brill. 

Call No.: R 953.35 FRE 

This voluminous work charts the history of the Hadhrami diasporas, as well as their 

commercial, religious and political interactions and exchanges with their homeland, 

Hadhramaut. The research uses previously untapped Hadhrami and British sources, 

�� 

71. From Aden Protectorate. (1939, June 18). The Straits Times, p. 2. 

� �� 


This is just a photograph of W. H. Ingrams, Resident and Adviser at Mukalla with 

�� 

72. Hartwig, Friedhelm. (2001). Contemplation, social reform and the recollection of identity: 

Hadrami migrants and travellers between 1896 and 1972. Die Welt des Islams, 41(3), 311-347. 


These are analyses of travel writings written by three Hadhrami immigrants, namely 

Saih Abdallah b. Muhammad b. Salim Ba Katir Al-Kindi (d. 1925), Muhammad b. Hashim 

Al-Alawi (d. 1960) and Saiyid Ga’far b.’Alawi Al-Mihdar (1918-). They capture the reform 

movements amongst resident Hadhramis and their impact on the emigrant society with 

the writings by Ibn Hashim capturing events in Southeast Asia, including Indonesia 

and Singapore. 

73. Heiss, Johann. (2005, August 26-28). Genealogy, diaspora and social environment. 

Proceedings of the International Conference on Yemeni-Hadramis in Southeast Asia: Identity 

Maintenance or Assimilation? (pp. 306-314). Kuala Lumpur: International Islamic 

University Malaysia. 

This study looks at how the diasporas made an impact on traditional Hadhrami society. 

74. Ho, Engseng�� 

W. G. Clarence-Smith (Eds.), Hadhrami traders, scholars, and statesmen in the Indian Ocean, 



The term �� is used in Hadhramaut to depict Hadhramis who have non-Arab 

mothers or grandmothers and are born in non-Arabic countries. Ho looks at the narrative 

experiences of these �� especially their concept of what “home” is in reference 

to Hadhramaut and the countries they are born in. He also examines general attitudes of 

the natives towards this group. 

41

1 Hadhramaut 

75. Jaffar Mirghani Ahmed Fadlalla. (2005, August 26-28). Hadramis across three shores: Malacca 

Straits, Arabian Sea and Red Sea. Proceedings of the International Conference on Yemeni- 

Hadramis in Southeast Asia: Identity Maintenance or Assimilation? (pp. 1-6). Kuala Lumpur: 

International Islamic University Malaysia. 

�� 

(Aidhab & Suakin) as hosts to the recurrent Hadhrami emigration to Southeast Asia since 

pre-Islamic times. 

76. Keely, Charles B., & Bao, Nga Tran. (1989, Autumn). Remittances from labor migration: 

Evaluations, performance and implications. International Migration Review, 23(3), 500-525. 


This is a study of remittances from 20 th century immigrant Arab workers employed in 

various parts of the world; the impact of macro-economic issues and labour perspectives 

on such remittances; and, the implications these remittances have on the economic 

performance of these Arab countries. Statistics include private unrequited transfers 

(1960 - 1985) and the ratio of unrequited transfers to imports (1970 - 1985) of key regions 

including countries in Southeast Asia such as Indonesia. The data is derived from IMF. 

77. Kostiner, Joseph. (1984). The impact of the Hadrami emigrants in the East Indies on Islamic 

modernism and social change in the Hadramawt during the 20 th century. In Raphael Israeli & 

Anthony H. (Anthony Hearle) Johns (Eds.),�� 

(pp. 206-237). Jerusalem: Boulder, Colo.: Magnes Press, Jerusalem University; Westview Press. 

Call No.: RSING 297.095 ISL 

�� 

an opportunity for a strong opposition to the ruling class there. The Far East, which was 

�� 

moments in the 20th century when the Hadhrami society depended on the emigration 

process and emigrant communities, especially in the East Indies. The East Indian 

�� 

78. Laffan, Michael Francis. (2009). Finding Java: Muslim nomenclature of insular Southeast Asia 

�� Southeast Asia and the Middle 

East: Islam, movement, and the longue durée (pp. 17-64). Singapore: NUS Press. 

Call No.: RSING 303.48259056 SOU 

42 

Laffan attempts to trace meanings of two broad terms used in Arabic accounts for much 

of insular Southeast Asia. These were ��and 

Jâwa. He treats them separately but 

views them as proof of the longue durée of interactions between the Middle East and 

Southeast Asia.

79. Lekon, Christian. (2009). Economic crisis and state building in Hadhramaut, 1941-1949: The 

impact of the decline of Southeast Asian remittances. In Ahmed Ibrahim Abushouk & Hassan 

Ahmed Ibrahim (Eds.), The Hadhrami diaspora in Southeast Asia: Identity maintenance or 

assimilation? (pp. 81-108). Leiden; Boston: Brill. 


The author demonstrates the extent of Hadhramaut’s economic dependency on 

Southeast Asia in the 1940s when decline in remittances from Southeast Asia 

during World War II brought about a collapse of the agricultural production system in 

Hadhramaut, and subsequent state intervention by the British. 

80. Mainly about Malayans: From Arabia. (1939, July 23). The Straits Times, p. 8. 

� �� 


�� 

and Seiyun upon his visit to Singapore. 

81. Meulen, D. van der (Daniël). (1932). Hadhramaut: Some of its mysteries unveiled. Leyden: 

E. J. Brill Ltd. 


This is Meulen’s personal account of his 6-weeks journey through Southern Arabia 

in 1931. Among his observations, Meulen records how the wealth of the overseas 

Hadhramis have enabled them to build palatial residences in Hadhramaut, and notes 

�� 

his meetings with several prominent Arab entrepreneurs in Southeast Asia such as the 

Alkaffs, Al-Attas, Al-Tuwey, Ladjam and Ba-Swedan. 

�� Al-Hudá, p. 6. 

� �� 

�� 

83. Mr. S. A. Alkaff: Departure from Singapore for Arabia. (1931, September 9). The Straits Times, 

p. 12. 

� �� 


Alkaff’s return to Hadhramaut, his investments in Singapore and his farewell party 

are described. 

84. Riddell, Peter G. (1997). Religious links between Hadhramaut and the Malay-Indonesian world, 

c. 1850-1950. In Ulrike Freitag & W. G. Clarence-Smith (Eds.), Hadhrami traders, scholars, and 

�� 



�� 

�� 

in Hadhramaut. 

43

1 Hadhramaut 

85. Saadaldeen Talib. (2005, August 26-28). Hadrami’s networking: Salvage of the homeland. 

Proceedings of the International Conference on Yemeni-Hadramis in Southeast Asia: Identity 

Maintenance or Assimilation? (pp. 335-362). Kuala Lumpur: International Islamic 


This looks at the support and help that Yemen receives from its overseas diasporas. 

86. Serjeant, R. B. (Robert Bertram). (1981). �� 

history and civilization (Section VIII). London: Variorum Reprints. 


This study on the history and socio-cultural practices of the Sayyids of Hadhramaut also 

discusses their migration to parts of the Middle East, Africa, India and the Netherlands 

East Indies. The author also makes some observations about their settlement in the East 

Indies including the emergence of half-pure Sayyids descendents, Sayyid responses 

to the Irshadi movement, the cutting off remittances to Hadhramaut, the younger 

�� 

87. Serjeant, R. B. (Robert Bertram). (1988). The Hadrami network. In Denys Lombard & Jean 

Aubin (Eds.), �� 

�� 

(pp. 147-154). Paris École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales. 


There is a mention of wealthy sayyids of Hadhrami origin. A brief note on the Alkaffs in 

Singapore, their contributions to Hadhramaut and a book called Dawr Al Kaf (that records 

�� 

88. �� Islamiyat, 5, 15-29. 

Call No.: RU RSEA 297 I 

The author describes the social organisation in Hadhramaut society according to three 

broad classes, namely the �� , and the lowest level consisting of the 

�� and the �� . He then goes on to show the transference of these categories to 

the Hadhrami diaspora community in Southeast Asia and how social power is exercised 

�� 

89. Smith, R. H. (1953, Autumn). Notes on the Kathiri State of Hadhramaut. Middle East Journal, 

7(4), 499-503. 

Call No.: RU R 327.56 MEJ 


44 

�� 

Southeast Asia and the overseas Hadhramis had on the government and services of 

the state. Besides adopting a government administration model that is similar to that 

of Malaya, the economy is also heavily dependent on the remittances from overseas 

Hadhramis. In particular, the author highlights how the wealth of the Alkaffs had enabled 

�� 

road construction and even entertainment.

90. Spaan, Ernst. (1994). Taikongs and calos: The role of middlemen and brokers in Javanese 

international migration. International Migration Review, 28(1), 93-113. 


The migration of Javanese to Singapore, Malaysia and Saudi Arabia is discussed, 

spanning the early 19th�� 

is examined along with the recruitment networks established and the problems of 

exploitation that arises. Pilgrimage and religious links in relation to Saudi Arabia is 

also discussed. 

91. Sultan Abdullah Al-Kathiri of Hadramaut, Southern Arabia, who is visiting Singapore. (1949, 

February 5). The Straits Times, p. 1. 

� �� 


This is a photograph of the Sultan with S. I. O. Alsagoff with brief details of the purpose of 

his visit, which is to primarily raise funds for Hadhramaut. Hadhramaut is suffering from 

the effects of a severe drought. 

92. Symon, Andrew. (2007, August 3). Singapore courts the sheikhs. AsiaTimes Online. Retrieved 

August 12, 2009, from http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Southeast_Asia/IH03Ae01.html. 

Symon describes the government-to-government initiatives between Singapore and the 

Middle East to develop not only trade links but also cultural relations. The article expands 

on the early 19 th century relations that Singapore had had with Arabia through localised 

merchants and pilgrimage journeys. Then, he considers Singapore’s investments in and 

its marketing strategy toward Arab countries today. 

93. Tagliacozzo, Eric. (2009). Southeast Asia and the Middle East: Charting directions. In Eric 

Tagliacozzo (Ed.), Southeast Asia and the Middle East: Islam, movement, and the longue durée 

(pp. 1-13). Singapore: NUS Press. 


Tagliacozzo introduces the parameters of this edited book that is to explore the long-term 

nature of contact between Southeast Asia and the Middle East within the time frame 

of 1,000 years. 

94. Yeo, Ghim Lay. (2008, June 13). S’pore set to be major hub in region for Arabs. The Straits 

Times, p. H22. 

� �� 

Online: Available from NLB’s e-Resources - Factiva.com 

Helmi Talib, the current vice-president of the Arab Association, elaborates on the twopronged 

approach in strengthening links with the overseas Hadhramis as well as 

developing Arab ties in Singapore. Also discussed is the history of how the Hadhramis 

took root in Singapore as well as the contributions by Singaporean Hadhramis toward 

their homeland. 

45

1 Hadhramaut 

95. Yong, Jeremy Au. (2007, May 24). Singapore revives old ties in Yemen. The Straits Times, 

p. 23. 

� �� 


�� 

Foreign Minister George Yeo to Yemen. 

96. Yong, Jeremy Au. (2007, June 1). Boosting links, ‘software’ to rekindle Arab ties. The Straits 

Times, p. 28. 

� �� 


46 

The article examines how the Arab Association of Singapore has renewed its role in 

developing ties with the Middle East.

2 TRAVEL, MIGRATION AND 

THE COMING OF ISLAM 

2.1 Trade networks 

97. Fatimi, S. Q. (1964). Malaysian weapons in Arabic literature: A glimpse of early trade in the 

Indian Ocean. Islamic Studies, 3(2), 199-228. 


Pre-Islamic Arabic poetry is full of praise for the sword of Al-Hind, �� 

. 

Considered one of the most important items of the early Eastern maritime trade, it 

was generally assumed that these swords were products of Indian mainland. However 

recorded history revealed that they came from “insular” India or Malay Peninsula. The 

objective of this paper is to sift the facts and determine the extent of the early trade and 

cultural contact of the Arabs with their fellow members of the Indian Ocean. 

98. McPherson, Kenneth. (2002). Port cities as nodal points of change: The Indian Ocean 

1890s-1920s. In Leila Tarazi Fawaz, C. A. (Christopher Alan) Bayly, & Robert Ilbert (Eds.), 

Modernity and culture: From the Mediterranean to the Indian Ocean (pp. 75-95). New York: 

Columbia University Press. 


McPherson traces the evolution of the port cities of the Indian Ocean. 

�� 

network. (2004). Die Welt des Islams, 44(2), 214-280. 


Examines the role played by Yemen in the spice trade by virtue of its location to the 

entrance of the Red Sea. States on the basis of numerous VOC records, that the port of 

�� th century was an important port-city as well 

as link to an ocean wide network. Indian and occasionally Dutch merchants maintained 

this network. 

100. Serjeant, R. B. (Robert Bertram). (1988). Yemeni merchants and trade in Yemen, 13th-16th 

centuries. In Denys Lombard & Jean Aubin (Eds.), �� 

�� 

(pp. 61-82). Paris: École des Hautes 

Études en Sciences Sociales. 


The article examines the pattern of trade movement and involvement of Yemeni 

merchants through the 13 th -16 th centuries. 

47

2 Travel, Migration And The Coming of Islam 

101. Tibbetts, G. R. (Gerald Randall). (1956). Pre-Islamic Arabia and South East Asia. Journal of the 

Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 29(3), 182-208. 

Call No.: RCLOS 959.5 JMBRAS 

The author examines Indian, Chinese, Greek, Roman sources and the Bible to determine 

when the earliest South Arabians reached Southeast Asia. He refutes the theories that 

place the arrival of South Arabian in Southeast Asia during the 1 st and 2 nd centuries 

A.D., and concludes that the earliest possible period where Arab seafaring ventured 

into far eastern waters was during the 5 th to 7 th century where documentary evidences 

conclusively described trade between South Arabia and China via the sea route. 

102. Tibbetts, G. R. (Gerald Randall). (1957). Early Muslim traders in South-East Asia. Journal of 

�� 

(1), 1-45. 


The author examines some of the earliest references to Arab presence and trade 

in Southeast Asia from Arab and Chinese sources. He surmises that there was little 

commerce between the Middle East and Southeast Asia during the 9 th and 10 th centuries, 

except for some small-scale trading done en-route to China, and that trading activities 

probably did not extend beyond the northwest coast of Sumatra and the Straits of 

Malacca. The documentary evidences also suggest that Muslim traders, mainly from 

Ceylon, the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea, did eventually increase their level of trading 

activity in Southeast Asia and expanded eastward to as far as Java by the 13 th century. 

Despite the presence of Muslims settlements in Southeast Asia, the author remains 

doubtful that permanent Arab colonies were set up in Southeast Asia for trade or 

missionary work. Instead, he posits that semi-permanent settlements were established by 

roving merchant populations. 

103. Treloar, F. E. (1980). Arab-Chinese entrepot trade in Kedah, Malaya: Evidence from chemical 

composition of metal objects. In H. H. E. (Helmut Hermann Ernst) Loofs-Wissowa (Ed.), The 

diffusion of material culture: 28th International Congress of Orientalists, proceedings of Seminar 

E, Canberra, January 1971 (pp. 351-370). Manoa: Social Science Research Institute, University 

of Hawaii at Manoa. 

Call No.: R 909.09823 INT 

Based on the ritual objects recovered at the archaeological site of Chandi Bukit Batu 

Pahat in Kedah, Malaysia, the author concludes that the place functioned as an entrepot 

between the Middle East and China sometime between the 8 th to the 14 th century. 

104. Tuchscherer, Michel. (2002). Trade and port cities in the Red Sea - Gulf of Aden region in the 

sixteenth and seventeenth century. In Leila Tarazi Fawaz, C. A. (Christopher Alan) Bayly, & 

Robert Ilbert (Eds.), Modernity and culture: From the Mediterranean to the Indian Ocean (pp. 28- 

45). New York: Columbia University Press. 


48 

This chapter analyses the coherence of networks that developed from Mediterranean 

and Asiatic contacts as a result of the trade route that developed in the Mediterranean 

Ocean and the Indian Ocean as well as the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden. Tuchscherer 

reviews the function provided by the port cities that developed out of such networks while 

providing the context of the evolution of the region in the 16 th and 17 th centuries.

105. Yajima, Hikoichi. (1976). The Arab dhow trade in the Indian Ocean: Preliminary report. Tokyo, 

Japan: Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo Gaikokugo 

Daigaku. 


�� 

of the Indian Ocean. She views that this traditional dhow trade will not disappear in the 

future in spite of economic and social conditions. 

2.2 Seafaring, shipping and navigation 

106. Al-Najdi, Ahmad ibn Majid, & Tibbetts, G. R. (Gerald Randall). (1971). Arab navigation in the 

�� 

�� 

�� 

. London: Royal Asiatic Society of Great 

Britain and Ireland. 

Call No.: RCLOS 527.09165 NAJ 

This is a translation of Ahmad Majid Al-Najdi’s Kitab �� 

�� . Tibbetts provides an introduction on the history of Arab navigation, as well 

as notes on the navigation techniques and the topography of the Indian Ocean. He 

gives a comprehensive autobiographical account of Ahmad ibn Majid (ibn Majid) and 

his manuscripts. He analyses navigation in the Indian Ocean after ibn Majid’s study. 

Of particular interest to researchers would be the topography of navigational texts in 

Southeast Asia. A glossary of navigational terms, maps and charts are provided together 

with illustrations of ships. 

107. Boxhall, Peter. (1989, October). Arabian seafarers in the Indian Ocean. �� 

�� 

(3), 287-295. 

all No.: RU R 950.05 JRCAS 

Boxhall provides the history of seafaring and naval technology of the Arabs in the region. 

108. Struggle between the Portuguese and the Arabs of Oman for supremacy in the Persian Coast 

and the Indian Ocean. (1986). Hamdard Islamicus, 9(4), 75-80. 


The success of the Portuguese in reaching India by sea towards the end of the 15 th 

century is considered to be the beginning of Western imperialism in the East. The 

Portuguese depended on Arab navigators to steer through the Eastern waters. This 

article examines the role of the Arabs of Oman in bringing about a decline in the powers 

of the Portuguese in the east and their naval supremacy in the Indian Ocean. 

49


2.3 Migration & assimilation 

109. Alatas, Farid, Syed. (1996). Hadhrami diaspora. �� 

of Singapore, 1(1), 9-10. 


Alatas lists reasons why the study of Hadhrami migration to Southeast Asia has been 

lacking. Then he elaborates on the concept of “asabiyya” and how this enabled the 

Hadhrami to retain their cultural identity as immigrants. 

110. Aljelany, A. W. (1935, June 16). Hadramis who have migrated to Malaya. The Straits Times, 

p. 10. 

� �� 


Tracing the origins of the Malayan Arabs, this article divides them into four distinct 

groups typical of Hadhrami society, namely the tribesmen, Ba-Alawis, sheikhs and the 

oppressed. It considers their motivations for coming to Malaya, their assimilation and their 

success here as compared to their compatriots in the Dutch East Indies. It includes a 

photograph of Syed Abdulrahman bin Sheikh Alkaff. 

111. Arabic Social and Literary Club. (1935, October 27). Most remarkable memory in Singapore 

Arabs in Malaya and the Dutch Indies: The story of their coming. The Straits Times, p. 20. 

� �� 


The letter seeks to rectify factual errors in an article by A. W. Aljelany entitled “The 

Hadramout people who migrated to Malaya” published on 16 June. Using cited sources, 

�� 

of resident Arabs was higher and that they had brought Islam to the Netherland Indies. It 

also looks at the status of the Alwies and the Syeds in the Malay Archipelago as well as 

the contributions of the Hadhramis to the local communities. 

112. Assagaf, M. Hasyim. (2000). �� 

. Bandung: 

Remaja Rosdakarya. 

Call No.: 297.644 ASS @BPL & WRL 

Available in ISEAS 

50 

Membincangkan agak terperinci tentang keluhur Hadhramaut, penduduk, agama 

serta kebudayaannya pada abad-abad yang terakhir. Menghurai tentang kemunculan 

dan perkembangan kaum Sayyid di Hadhramaut sehingga keberangkatan mereka ke 

Indonesia. Penulis tidak segan membincangkan tentang tabu wanita Arab keturunan 

bangsawan yang bergelar syarifah, mempersuamikan pria yang bukan digelar sayyid.

113. Boxberger, Linda. (2002). On the edge of empire: Hadhramawt, emigration, and the Indian 

�� . Albany: State University of New York Press. 

Call No.: R 953.3 BOX 

The author attempts to present a multi-faceted view from the ground on the political and 

social changes in Hadhramaut from 1880s-1930s which was brought on by Western 

imperialism. Part one of the book, “Aspects of Social Identity in Hadhramaut and Abroad”, 

�� 

East Africa, the Red Sea, India and the Far East. Part two of the book explores life in the 

urban and rural areas, and Part three deals with social institutions and calls for reforms 

in certain areas of traditional religious belief, practices and education. Part four outlines 

the political strife between the Kathiri and the Quaiti sultanates and the uneasy truce 

established through the Aden Agreement. 

114. Clarence-Smith, W. G. (1997). Hadhramaut and the Hadhrami diaspora in the modern colonial 

era: An introductory survey. In Ulrike Freitag & W. G. Clarence-Smith (Eds.), Hadhrami traders, 

�� 



The introduction by Clarence-Smith compares the Hadhrami experience to other 

diasporas as well as highlights the contributions by other authors of this edition. It 

discusses the push-pull factors of Hadharamaut as an economic and political entity. 

115. Coppel, Charles A. (1979, May). Arab and Chinese minority groups in Java. Southeast Asia 

Ethnicity and Development Newsletter, 3(2), 8-15. 

Call No.: RU RSEA 301.4510959 SAEDN 

� �� 

In his study of Arab and Chinese minority groups in Java, the author argues that 

population sizes and shared faith are simplistic explanations for the favourable treatment 

of Arabs over the Chinese in Indonesia. He offers four possibilities for consideration 

instead. Firstly, the element of “foreignness” in the Arabs, i.e. their lineage that is 

associated with a purer form of Islam, is seen as more attractive than that of the 

Chinese’s. Second, a distant and disunited Middle East is viewed as less threatening than 

China, which is larger in size and closer in proximity. Thirdly, the Javanese commercial 

�� 

�� 

perceived as corrupt practices. 

116. �� 

�� 

[Studies in migration & alienation: Perspective from 

Yemen: Proceedings of the symposium on immigrants: The driving force behind sustainable 

development, jointly organised by the Consultative Council & The Ministry of immigrants’ Affairs, 

�� 

Call No.: R 304.809533 MUT 

Features a collection of studies that was presented during the Symposium on Immigrants 

and Sustainable Development held in Sana’a (10-13 April 1999). The collection focuses 

on issues of emigration and alienation from the perspectives of Yemeni scholars and 

professionals with experience in such areas. 

51


117. Freitag, Ulrike. (1997). Conclusion: The diaspora since the age of independence. In Ulrike 

Freitag & W. G. Clarence-Smith (Eds.), Hadhrami traders, scholars, and statesmen in the Indian 



Freitag reports her observations and conclusions on the rapid expansion of Hadhrami 

diaspora communities between the middle of the 18 th century and 1967 as well as the 

beginning of their uprooting through colonial and nationalist policies. She then outlines 

lines of queries for future research. 

118. Freitag, Ulrike. (1999, December). Hadhrami migration in the 19 th and 20 th centuries. The 

British-Yemeni Society. Retrieved August 12, 2009, from http://www.al-bab.com/bys/articles/ 

freitag99.htm 

In the author’s introduction to Hadhrami migration to Southeast Asia during the 19 th 

and 20 th centuries, she looks at the circumstances that led to the mass migration of 

Hadhramis to Southeast Asia, as well as the processes and experiences of the migratory 

journey. She also describes the life of the diaspora, and the impact of the overseas 

Hadhramis on the economy, politics and government in Hadhramaut. She ends with 

a look at the present generation and their religious, cultural and economic links with 

Hadhramaut. The author illustrates her discussion with examples and life stories of 

individual overseas Hadhramis. 

119. Gilsenan, Michael. (2003, March). Out of the Hadhramaut. London Review of Books, 25(3), 

7-11. Retrieved August 12, 2009, from https://www.lrb.co.uk/v25/n06/gils01_.html 

Gilsenan traces the movement of the Arabs into Southeast Asia and explores how the 

remnants remaining in Indonesia today, especially in Batu and Malang, continue to regard 

their Arab identity. Some references are made to Singapore Arabs. 

120. Hamid Albar, Syed. (2009). Foreword. In Ahmed Ibrahim Abushouk & Hassan Ahmed Ibrahim 

(Eds.), The Hadhrami diaspora in Southeast Asia: Identity maintenance or assimilation? 

(pp. ix-xiii). Leiden; Boston: Brill. 


The foreword to this collection of proceedings is also the speech given at the opening 

of “The Hadhrami Diaspora in Southeast Asia: Identity Maintenance or Assimilation?” 

Conference by Malaysian minister, Dato’ Seri Syed Hamid Albar. In his address, the 

minister, who is of Hadhrami descent, gives the history of Hadhrami emigration and 

assimilation in Southeast Asia, and their contributions to the political, economic and 

religious developments of their adopted countries. 

121. Ho, Engseng. (2004). Empire through diasporic eyes: A view from the other boat. Comparative 

Studies in Society and History, 46(2), 210-246. 

Available in NUS & ISEAS 

52 

�� 

these differences translate into diaspora studies. 

��

122. Ho, Engseng. (2006). The graves of Tarim: Genealogy and mobility across the Indian Ocean. 

Berkeley: University of California Press. 

Call No.: R 953.35 HO 

The author reconstructs the movements of Hadhrami diasporic communities across 

the Indian Ocean using genealogical materials such as biographies, family histories, 

chronicles, pilgrimage manuals and religious law. 

123. Jonge, Huub de. (1993). Discord and solidarity among the Arabs in the Netherlands East Indies, 

1900-1942. Indonesia, 55, 73-90. 


Jonge studies the changes of the Indonesian Arab identity, centering on the controversy 

between the 1920s and 1930s over the use of the title “sayid” particularly between the 

Irsyads and the Alawis. He presents a survey of the origins of these Arabs, primarily from 

Hadhramaut, their motives for immigration to the East Indies, their social structure and 

gradual evolution in their adoptive homeland, Indonesia. Some interesting reference is 

made to compare the Arabs to the Chinese immigrants. 

124. Jonge, Huub de, & Kaptein, N. J. G. (2002). The Arab presence in Southeast Asia: Some 

introductory remarks. In Huub de Jonge & N. J. G. Kaptein (Eds.), Transcending borders: Arabs, 

politics, trade and Islam in Southeast Asia (pp. 1-10). Leiden: KITLV Press. 

Call No.: RSING 305.8927059 TRA 

The editors of Transcending Borders provide an overview and summary of the major 

themes and issues addressed by the chapters in the book. Touching on various aspects 

of Hadhrami diaspora communities in Southeast Asia, the topics range from politics, trade 

to religion. 

125. Jufri, Abdillah Al-, Syed. (1986). Renungan. In �� 

�� 

(pp. 37-38). Singapore: 

Al-Wehdah Al-Arabiah. 

Call No.: RSING 297.65095957 ALW 

� �� 

Renungan Ustaz Abdillah Aljufri tentang penghijrahan orang Arab dari Hadhramaut ke 

pelusuk dunia sebagai satu aturan dari Allah. 

53


126. Lee Warner, W. H. (1931, March). Notes on the Hadhramaut. The Geographical Journal, 77(3), 

217-222. 



This article contains vignettes of the author’s experience in Hadhramaut. On the 

overseas Hadhramis, he notes that Hadhramaut is unable to support its local population, 

thus compelling many to seek their living abroad. The main migratory destinations are 

Hyberabad, Dar-es-Salaam and the East African Littoral as well the Straits Settlements 

and the Netherlands East Indies. He also reports that the Hadhramis in Penang, 

�� 

the migrants of the Sayids class were particularly highly regarded in the East Indies for 

they were viewed as possessing a purer form of Islam. He also records that the overseas 

Hadhramis carried the hope of retiring in their homeland after they have made their 

wealth. 

127. Mohammad Redzuan Othman. (2006). The Arab migration and its importance in the historical 

development of the late nineteenth and early twentieth Malaya. Paper presented at the 15 th 

Annual World History Association Conference held on 22-25 June 2006 in California, USA. 

Retrieved May 6, 2009, from 

http://eprints.um.edu.my/77/1/The_Arabs_Migration_and_Its_Importance_in_the_Historical_ 

Development_of_the_Late_Nineteenth_and_E.pdf 

The author provides an overview of Arab history in Malaya during the late 19 th century 

and early 20 th century. He begins with a discussion on the origin, migration and settlement 

of Arabs (who were mainly Hadhramis) in Malaya since the 9 th century. Using traditional 

local Malay literary works as one of his sources, he then goes on to trace the role of 

Arabs in the Islamisation of Malaya. He also highlights Arab contributions in the areas of 

Jawi script development, leadership in religious matters and education, as well as politics 

and commerce. 

128. Morley, J. A. E. (1949). The Arabs and the eastern trade. Journal of the Malayan Branch of the 

Royal Asiatic Society, 22(1), 143-176. 


54 

The author provides an overview of Hadhrami settlements in Southeast Asia. He begins 

with an introduction to Hadhramaut and describes the early sea trade routes east from 

the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf, to the more recent mass migration of Hadhramis to 

the East Indies from 1750 and after. He also looks at the state of Arabs in the Netherland 

East Indies and Singapore, which includes observations about the Syeds and non-Syeds 

dichotomy, population, economic activity and contributions of Arabs in Southeast Asia. 

The paper ends with some supplemental information on Arabs in East Africa and India.

129. Omar Farouk Bajunid. (1996). The Arabs in Southeast Asia: A preliminary overview. Hiroshima 

Journal of International Studies, 2, 21-38. Retrieved May 6, 2009 from 

http://harp.lib.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/handle/harp/758 

The author provides a historical background to Arab migration to Southeast Asia, as well 

�� 

Philippines, Thailand, Myanmar, Vietnam, Cambodia and Brunei Darussalam. 

130. Omar Farouk Bajunid. (1997). The Arabs and the nation-state in Southeast Asia – Part 1. Al- 

�� 

(1), 4-6. 


The article describes how the Arabs established themselves in Southeast Asian countries 

namely Malaya, Indonesia, Burma and Vietnam. Their social standing amongst the locals 

and colonials are analysed in the context of the varied political, business and social 

�� 

131. Omar Farouk Bajunid. (1997). The Arabs and the nation-state in Southeast Asia – Part 2: 

Aspects of the Arab presence. �� 

2(2), 7-9. 


Omar traces how Arabs began settling in Southeast Asia, especially the Dutch East 

Indies. With the Dutch endorsing the growing Arab communes and co-opting them into 

their legal and colonial structures, they helped transform and modernise the local Arab 

identity. The author also gives an overview of how the tensions between the Syeds and 

the non-Syeds or Shaikhs originated. 

132. Omar Farouk Bajunid. (1998). The Arabs and the nation-state in Southeast Asia – Part 3. 

�� 

(1), 12-13. 


�� 

relation to the rise and decline of their respective organisations. These include the 

Jamiat Al-Khair, the Al-Irshad and the Pesatuan Arab Indonesia (PAI) (Arab Party of 

�� 

their homeland as well as with their adopted lands are also discussed, especially with 

reference to Indonesia. 

133. Omar Farouk Bajunid. (1998). The Arabs and the nation-state in Southeast Asia – Part 4: The 

role of the Arabs in the new nation states. �� 

Singapore, 3(2), 9-11. 


This article discusses the political standing and level of assimilation of Arabs in Indonesia, 

Malaysia and Singapore. Bajunid gives names of Arab ministers in each of these 

countries. He also examines why in Malaysia and Singapore the Arabs have closely 

�� 

55


134. Omar Farouk Bajunid. (1999). The Arabs and the nation-state in Southeast Asia – 

Part 5: Thailand, Philippines and IndoChina. �� 

Singapore, 4(3), 11-12. 


Since many of the Arab immigrants have assimilated with the local Muslim community, 

their contributions to other Southeast Asian countries are not seen as evident. Bajunid 

highlights the leadership of Arabs in business in Thailand and the Philippines while a 

younger generation in the Philippines have turned to public service. He also outlines a 

�� 

Vietnam but also their continued ties to Vietnam. 

135. Serjeant, R. B. (Robert Bertram). (1996). Society and trade in South Arabia (Section II). 

�� 


In the chapter, “The Hadrami network”, the author provides a brief overview of Hadhrami 

migration and settlement in parts of the Middle East, Africa, India and the Dutch East 

Indies. His paper dwells on selected Arab personalities such as Sayyid Abu Bakar Alkaff, 

as well as the commercial activities and success of the Hadhramis in the East. 

136. Serjeant, R. B. (Robert Bertram). (2000). The Hadrami network. In Denys Lombard & Jean 

Aubin (Eds.), Asian merchants and businessmen in the Indian Ocean and the China Sea (pp. 

145-153). New Delhi; New York: Oxford University Press. 

Call No.: RSING 382.095 ASI 

The author provides a brief sketch of Hadhrami settlements in Aden and Yemen, and their 

migrations to India, East Africa, the East Indies, and parts of the Gulf region. 

137. Spaan, Ernst. (1994). Taikongs and calos: The role of middlemen and brokers in Javanese 

international migration. International Migration Review, 28(1), 93-113. 


The migration of Javanese to Singapore, Malaysia and Saudi Arabia is discussed, 

spanning the early 19th�� 

is examined along with the recruitment networks and the problems of exploitation that 

arises. Pilgrimage and religious links in relation to Saudi Arabia are also discussed. 

138. Street, Stanley. (1952, May 24). A Malaysian notebook. The Straits Times, p. 6. 

� �� 


56 

A historical survey of how the Arabs, attracted by the spice trade, came from Hadhramaut 

��

139. Y. A. Talib (Yusof A. Talib). (1980). Studies on the South Arabian diaspora: Some critical 

remarks. Diogenes, 111, 35-49. 

Call No.: RU R 051 D 

The author makes some critical comments on the scholarship of South Arabian migration. 

�� 

the middle of the 19th century, that is, the pre-Islamic and early Islamic times and the late 

medieval period onwards (15th-19th centuries); (ii) the factors leading to Arabian migrations 

e.g. the harsh environmental conditions, political instability, trade and travel; (iii) the 

maritime aspects of South Arabian migrations which include trading networks, navigation 

and shipping; (iv) the impact of Southern Arabs on their adopted lands; and lastly, (v) 

critiques on South Arabian migrations such as the over-dependence on remittances and 

the loss of talent from Hadhramaut. 

�� 

the Arab Association of Singapore, 3(1), 4. 


2.4 Historiography 

�� 

Westerners to arrive in Malaya and thereafter make it their home. 

141. Alatas, Farid, Syed. (1997). Hadhramaut and the Hadhrami diaspora: Problems in theoretical 

history. In Ulrike Freitag & W. G. Clarence-Smith (Eds.), Hadhrami traders, scholars, and 

�� 



The author outlines theoretical issues and problems of writing on the Hadhrami diasporas 

as both a historical and theoretical enquiry. He proposes a fresh take on the study of 

Hadhramaut and its diaspora, which are more theoretically conscious. 

142. Alatas, Hussein, Syed. (1962). Reconstruction of Malaysian history. Revue du Sud-est 

�� , 219-245. 

Call No.: RU RSEA 950 RSA 

Alatas reappraises certain basic issues concerning the methodology and reference of 

Malaysian historiography to that of Western Europe and the United States. He does this 

by reviewing writings on Islamisation in the region by top scholars and their approach to 

periodisation and underlying basic assumptions. 

143. Alatas, Hussein, Syed. (1964). Theoretical aspects of Southeast Asian history. Asian Studies 

11(2), 247-260. 


Alatas discusses various theoretical problems in the study of Southeast Asian history, 

with particular focus on Malay and Indonesian history. 

57


144. Bruinessen, Martin van�� Die Welt 

des Islams, 38(2), 192-219. 


�� 

145. Freitag, Ulrike. (2009). From golden youth in Arabia to business leaders in Singapore: 

Instructions of a Hadrami Patriarch. In Eric Tagliacozzo (Ed.), Southeast Asia and the Middle 

East: Islam, movement, and the longue durée (pp. 235-249). Singapore: NUS Press. 


Freitag offers the practicalities of long-distance travel for the Hadhrami. She examines a 

�� 

146. Jacobsen, Frode F. (Frode Fadnes). (2007). Introduction. Asian Journal of Social Science 

�� 

(4-5), 402-404. 

Call No.: RSING 300.5 AJSS 

Jacobsen introduces the articles in the special edition of Arabs in Asia written by Leif 

Manger, M.H. Ilias, Anne K. Bang and himself. Two of the articles (Manger’s and 

Ilias’s) in this volume deal primary with the history of Hadhrami societies on the Indian 

subcontinent. While Bang ‘s piece traces the role of the Hadhrami teachers and scholars 

on Islamic education in the coastal towns of Zanzibar between c. 1870-1930, Jacobsen 

�� 

central and eastern Indonesia. 

147. Johns, Anthony H. (Anthony Hearle). (1976). Islam in Southeast Asia: Problem of perspective. 

In O. W. Wolters (Ed.), �� 

Hall (pp. 304-320). Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press. 

Call No.: RSEA/ RCLOS 959 SOU 

This book highlights Hall’s contributions to the study of Islam and Southeast Asia. He was 

�� 

of area studies was establishing itself. Secondly, he exposes “Eurocentric assumptions” 

contained within Western scholarship. While this was a challenge to historians, it proves 

to be a stimulus to a new generation of scholars. Johns reveals perspectives that have 

been overlooked particularly Islamic writings that have been divorced from Malay writings 

as they were considered “too Islamic” by some Orientalist scholars. 

148. �� 

�� . (19--). �� 

�� 

[Islam and Hadhramis in East Africa]. [S.l.: s.n.]. 

Call No.: R 953.3 JUN 

58 

�� 

the movement and circulations of the manuscripts and its use in Yemeni culture.

149. Knysh, Alexander D. (1999). The sada in history: A critical essay on Hadrami historiography. 

Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 9(2), 215-222. 


[In Arabic] This article demonstrates how hidden agendas have manifested themselves 

�� 

madhhab�� 

150. �� 

. (2004). �� 

�� 

�� 

Call No.: R 953.3 MAL 

[In Arabic] Contain chapters on the current situation of the Yemeni manuscripts as well 

as ways and tools to develop and publish these manuscripts. The book also includes 

chapters on the movement of the revival of the Arabic heritage in the west and some 

eastern countries. Also includes bibliography of published Yemeni manuscripts and some 

pictures and photos of the Arabic calligraphy. 

151. Omar Farouk Bajunid. (2004). Introduction. �� 

�� 

(3), 325-328. 


Omar provides a literature review of the Hadhramis in Southeast Asia while introducing 

�� 

William Gervase Clarence-Smith, Huub de Jonge, Omar Khalidi, R. Michael Feener and 

Sharifah Zaleha. 

152. Serjeant, R. B. (Robert Bertram). (1950). Materials for South Arabian history. Bulletin of the 

School of Oriental and African Studies, 13(2), 281-307. 


This is primarily a listing of up to 23 biographical notes as derived from historical 

manuscripts. It also includes an invaluable description of resources on the Hadhramaut 

with a listing of key libraries in Hadhramaut and their holdings. 

153. Serjeant, R. B. (Robert Bertram). (1950). Materials for South Arabian history. Bulletin of the 

School of Oriental and African Studies, 13(3), 581-601. 


Continuing from an earlier article, this article lists biographical notes derived from Al- 

�� 

, a Batavian journal by the local Hadhrami society. The biographies are 

listed based on source types. 

59


154. Serjeant, R. B. (Robert Bertram). (1962). Historians and historiography of Hadramawt. Bulletin 

of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 25(1/3), 239-261. 


This is an analysis of 11 materials of the early history of Hadhramaut. These include 

pre-Islamic inscriptions such as stone inscriptions, Islamic sources, works by Hadhrami 

scholars such as Shambal and Tarikh Ba Hassan, genealogical works, 19th century 

�� 

historians, social historical materials namely the Fatawa literature, the �� 

which is considered a historical forgery, a listing of works considered non-extant and a 

manuscript on the Awlaqi territory. 

155. Serjeant, R. B. (Robert Bertram). (1981). Studies in Arabian history and civilization. London: 

Variorum reprints. 


There are two important chapters in this collection. First is “The Sayids of Hadramawt: 

An inaugural lecture at the School of the Oriental and African Studies, 1956”. Here, 

Serjeant discusses the link between the Meccan Sayyids and the Sayyids of Hadhramaut. 

�� 

Southeast Asia. Second is “Historians and historiography of the Hadramaut. BSOAS 

XXV”. This traces the literature written by Hadhramis on the history of Hadhramaut as 

well as those written by the Arabs of Southeast Asia. Overall, this gives an overview of 

the region and its people. 

156. Tibbetts, G. R. (Gerald Randall). (1956, April). Arabic works relating to South-East Asia. 

Newsletter (Malayan Library Group), 1(4), 79-86. 

Call No.: RCLOS 020.5 MLG 

�� 

157. Wheatley, Paul. (1961). Arabs in Malaya. In The Golden Khersonese: Studies in the historical 

�� 

(pp. 210-251). Kuala Lumpur: 

University Malaya. 

Call No.: RSING 959.5 WHE 

60 

His chapter, “The Arabs in Malaya” brings together Arab records relating to Malaya in the 

9 th to the 15 th century. These documentary evidences range from the fantastical, such 

as sailors’ tales, to more straightforward retellings and descriptions in travel accounts, 

as well as Arab topographies, geographical treatises and dictionaries. The author also 

cautions readers that the different methods used to map the topography of Malaya and 

non-standard Arabic transliteration of foreign place-names. He also problematises place- 

��

158. Wheatley, Paul. (1962). Arabo-Persian sources for the history of the Malay Peninsula in 

ancient times. In K. G. Tregonning (Ed.), Malaysian historical sources (pp. 10-19). Singapore: 

Department of History University of Singapore. 

Call No.: RCLOS 016.95 TRE 

� �� 

Wheatley introduces early information on Southeast Asia in the form of sailor’s tales. Most 

�� 

�� 

hand accounts, the wealth of authentic local details reveals that these were derived 

�� 

�� 

that incorporate references to the Malay Peninsula. Wheatley wrote a longer version of 

this article in his book The golden Khersonese. 

159. Y. A. Talib (Yusof A. Talib). (1974). Les Hadrami et le monde Malais: Essai de bibliographique 

critique des ouvrages europeens sur l’emigration hadhramite aux XIXe et XXe siecles. Archipel, 

7, 41-68. 

Call No.: RSING 959.005 A 

2.5 Islamisation 

[In French] This article critiques the existing literature on the subject of Hadhrami 

emigration. A greater part of the analysis focuses on Southeast Asia. It discusses (i) the 

origins of the emigration and the factors that causes the Hadhrami to migrate; (ii) the 

sources that documents this; (iii) the implantation of the Hadhrami colonies in certain 

�� 

Hadhramaut. It also studies the pattern of Hadhrami migration during the period after the 

World War. 

160. Abdul Rahman Haji Abdullah. (1990). �� 

perkembangannya hingga abad ke-19. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. 

Call No.: R Malay 297.0959 ABD 

Penulis merumuskan tentang kedatangan Islam di Nusantara serta pengaruhnya di 

rantau ini. Beliau melihat pemikiran Islam tradisional di Nusantara, pertumbuhan serta 

perkembangannya. 

161. Alatas, Farid, Syed. (1985). Notes on various theories regarding the Islamization of the Malay 

Archipelago. The Muslim World, 75(3-4), 162-175. 


Alatas critically discusses a number of perspectives that explain the origins and nature of 

the Islamisation of the Malay World of Southeast Asia in history. 

61


162. Alatas, Hussein, Syed. (1963, March). On the need for a study of Malaysia Islamization. 

Journal of Southeast Asian History, 4(1), 62-74. 

Call No.: RCLOS/ RDTYS 959.05 JSA 

�� 

(13th-16th centuries) as the period of study. 

163. Al-Attas, Hassan bin Muhammad, Syed. (2001). �� 

Al-Qutub Al-Anfas Al-Habib Umar bin Abd Al-Rahman, pengasas Ratib Al-Attas (Buku 1 dan 2). 

Singapura: Masjid Baàlawi. 

Call No.: R Malay 297.61 ALA 

Buku ini memperkenalkan tariqat al-’alawiyyah dengan merujuk kepada sejarah 

pengasas Ratib Al-Attas. 

164. Al-Attas, Muhammad Naguib, Syed. (1969). Preliminary statement on a general theory of the 

Islamization of the Malay-Indonesian archipelago. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. 


Al-Attas is known for his general theory of Islamisation of the Malay-Indonesian 

Archipelago. This work provides a general theory of the Islamisation of the Malay- 

Indonesian Archipelago grounded on the history of ideas. The author accomplishes this 

by examining key concepts found in the Malay language in the 16th and 17th centuries. 

165. Al-Attas, Muhammad Naguib, Syed. (1970). The correct date of the Trengganu Inscription: 

�� 

. Kuala Lumpur: Muzium Negara. 

Call No.: RU RCLOS/ RSEA 930.10285 ATT 

Al-Attas provides a critical re-examination of the unquestioned foundation of the history 

of Islam in the Malay-Indonesian Archipelago. This is the third article to seriously address 

the issue of the authenticity of the date inscribed on the stone inscription. The other two 

articles were written half a century earlier. 

166. Al-Attas, Muhammad Naguib, Syed. (1972).�� 

�� 

. Kuala Lumpur: 

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. 

Call No.: R Malay 959.5 ATT 

62 

Al-Attas berpendapat bahawa kedatangan Islam ke kepulauan Melayu-Indonesia 

menandakan kedatangan zaman baru dan permulaan zaman moden di Nusantara 

ini. Perbandingan dibuat di antara pengaruh Islam di Nusantara dan pengaruh agama 

Kristian pada rantau Eropah. Beliau membentangkan teori-teori yang dikemukan oleh 

sarjana-sarjana Belanda seperti Schrieke dan Van Leur tentang kedatangan Islam. 

Beliau juga menekankan perubahan bahasa Melayu kepada “bahasa Islam” selepas 

kedatangan Islam.

167. Al-Aydrus, Muhammad Hasan. (1996). Asyraf Hadhramaut dan peranan mereka dalam 

menyebarkan Islam di Asia Tenggara (Ali Yahya, Trans.). Jakarta: Penerbit Lentara. 

Call No.: R Malay 953.35 AL 

Islam tersebar ke Asia Tenggara pada umumnya dan Indonesia pada khususnya dengan 

da’wah yang damai dan bukan dengan ketajaman mata pedang. Al-Aydrus menerangkan 

bagaimana Islam telah disebarkan melalui perantaraan orang-orang Arab Hadhramaut di 

karya ini. 

168. Al-Aydrus, Muhammad Hasan. (1996). Penyebaran Islam di Asia Tenggara: Asyraf Hadramaut 

dan peranannya. Jakarta: Lenters. 

Call No.: R Malay 953.35 ALA 

Islam tersebar ke Asia Tenggara khususnya Indonesia melalui perantaraan orang-orang 

Arab Hadhramaut, dalam hal ini para syarif (keturunan Rasullah) dari keturunan Al-Imam 

Al-Muhajir Ahmad bin Isa. Menurut beliau, �� yang pertama ialah sembilan orang yang 

dikenali sebagai “Sunan” atau artinya “wali”. Sebahagian besar dari mereka adalah para 

Syarif Hadhramaut dari keturunan Ahmad bin Isa. 

169. Bennett, James. (2006). Bulan sabit: Bab lapan. In James Bennett (Ed.), Crescent moon: 

Islamic art & civilisation in Southeast Asia = Bulan sabit: Seni dan peradaban Islam di Asia 

Tenggara (pp. 258-263). Adelaide; Canberra: Art Gallery of South Australia; National Gallery 

of Australia. 

Call No.: RART q704.94897 BEN 

Banyak sarjana yang berfahaman orientalis menyifatkan pengaruh Islam terhadap 

budaya Asia Tenggara sebagai lapisan cetek yang tidak mempunyai kesan yang 

mendalam kepada masyarakat di Nusantara. Bennett memetik pengalaman pengembara 

Perancis Claude Gervasie yang menggambarkan perubahan Makassar setelah 

menganut agama Islam seratus tahun yang lalu. Beliau juga mendalami isu tentang 

kesan pengaruh Islam ke atas seni dan budaya di Nusantara. 

170. Bennett, James. (2006). Crescent moon: Afterword. In James Bennett (Ed.), Crescent moon: 

Islamic art & civilisation in Southeast Asia = Bulan sabit: Seni dan peradaban Islam di Asia 

Tenggara (pp. 246-257). Adelaide; Canberra: Art Gallery of South Australia; National Gallery 

of Australia. 


�� 

cultural traditions in Southeast Asia, Bennett quotes the experience of a French traveller 

Claude Gervaise who described Makassar as having had transformed after its adoption of 

�� 

in Southeast Asia over this question. 

63


171. Bennett, James. (2006). Islamic art & civilisation in Southeast Asia. In James Bennett (Ed.), 

Crescent moon: Islamic art & civilisation in Southeast Asia = Bulan sabit: Seni dan peradaban 

Islam di Asia Tenggara (pp. 18-91). Adelaide; Canberra: Art Gallery of South Australia; National 

Gallery of Australia. 


This chapter traces the early beginnings of the arrival of Islam to Southeast Asia. It 

posits that the oldest evidence of Islam as a settled presence in Southeast is a Champa 

pillar dated 1035 found at Phan Rang in southern Vietnam. It also traces the evolution 

of the material culture of Islam during the early period. Provides a comprehensive 

contextualisation for this book with a translation of the chapter in Malay. 

172. Bennett, James. (2006). Seni dan peradaban Islam di Asia Tenggara. In James Bennett (Ed.), 


Islam di Asia Tenggara (pp. 92-101). Adelaide; Canberra: Art Gallery of South Australia; National 

Gallery of Australia. 


Bab ini mengesan permulaan awal kedatangan Islam ke Asia Tenggara. Penulis 

menganjurkan bahawa bukti terawal kedatangan Islam ke Asia Tenggara adalah tiang 

Champa yang bertarikh 1035 yang dijumpai di Phan Rang di selatan Vietnam. Beliau juga 

mengesan evolusi budaya material Islam pada abad ke 11. 

173. Cortesão, Armando. (1944). The Suma Oriental of Tome Pires and the book of Francisco 

Rodrigues (Vol. 139). London: The Hakluyt Society. 


�� 

there are narratives on the kingdom of Java and Sumatra, their produce, peoples, 

merchants and customs. The second volume has a chapter devoted to Malacca and how 

Islam is established in the kingdom through intermarriage. 

174. Drewes, Gerardus Willebrordus Joannes. (1968). New light on the coming of Islam to 

Indonesia. �� 

, 433-459. Retrieved August 12, 

2009, from http://www.kitlv-journals.nl 


This is a comprehensive discussion of the different hypotheses on the arrival of Islam 

that has been established by scholarship. It reopens investigation that suggests that 

resumption of archaeological research in North Sumatra’s painstaking study of Islam in 

South India, command of Tamil as well as a revised and enlarged edition of Groeneveldt’s 

Notes from Chinese sources would be the only means of which a groundbreaking study 

of the subject matter can happen. 

175. Federspiel, Howard M. (2007). Sultans, shamans, and saints: Islam and Muslims in Southeast 

Asia. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press. 

Call No.: RSING 297.0959 FED 

64 

�� 

its identity, the era of imperialism and the time of independent nation-states.

176. Feener, R. Michael, & Laffan, Michael Francis�� 

Yemeni hagiography and the earliest history of Southeast Asia Islam. �� , 185-208. 


This traces the origins and usage of Jawa in medieval texts concerning the Indonesia 

Archipelago as well as instances in which the word Al-Jawi or “the ones from Jawa” came 

to appear in Yemeni hagiographical dictionaries. This recognises not only the earliest 

dating yet for a Muslim using the name Al-Jawi�� 

early history of Islamisation in the Far East. 

177. Forbes, Andrew D. W. (1981). Southern Arabia and the Islamicisation of the central Indian 

Ocean Archipelagoes. Archipel, 21, 55-92. 


Asserts that Yemen and Hadhramaut played a vital role in the introduction of Arabic and 

�� 

�� 

178. Gibb, H. A. R. (Hamilton Alexander Rosskeen). (1999). �� 

1354. New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers. 


This describes Ibn Battuta’s travels to Sumatra and Java. He illustrates the court 

ceremonies and the produces of the two lands and compares them. He mentions his trip 

�� 

179. Hill, A. H. (1963, March). The coming of Islam to North Sumatra. Journal of South East Asian 

History, 4(1), 6-21. 

Call No.: RDTYS/ RCLOS 959.05 JSA 

This traces the beginnings of Islam in the Far East as evident by early contacts and 

gravestones that marked this process. 

180. Ismail Hamid. (1982). A survey of theories on the introduction of Islam in the Malay Archipelago. 

Islamic Studies, 21(3), 89-100. 


The author provides a review of the theories regarding the Islamisation of the Malay 

Archipelago. While some researchers put forward that Islam entered the region from 

Arabia or Persia, the author concurs with another group of scholars that Islam was 

brought to the Malay World from the Indian sub-continent. The author also surmises that 

scholarship is less conclusive on the identity of the early “missionaries” and the manner in 

which Islam was disseminated throughout the region. Arabs, Indians, traders and priests, 

trade and inter-marriages with local royalties were some of the possibilities suggested. 

181. Johns, Anthony H. (Anthony Hearle)�� 

new directions. Indonesia, 19, 33-55. 

Call No.: RU R 959.8 I 

Johns proposes a study of works written by Muslims elites of the region, as it would clarify 

the nature of Islam in Southeast Asia. 

65


182. Johns, Anthony H. (Anthony Hearle). (1984). Islam in the Malay World: An exploratory survey 

with some reference to Quranic exegesis. In Raphael Israeli & Anthony H. (Anthony Hearle) 

Johns (Eds.),�� 

(pp. 115-161). Boulder: 

Westview Press. 

Call No.: RSING 297.095 ISL 

This exploratory survey highlights some of the early Quranic exegesis written by native 

Muslims of the Malay World. It also provides some biographical information on these 

writers, showing the exchange and circulation from ideas from the traditional centres of 

Islam in the Middle East to Southeast Asia. 


reconsiderations. Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 26(1), 169-183. 

Call No.: RSING 959.005 JSA 

Johns posits that the processes of Islamisation in Southeast Asia and their outcomes are 

similar to what is happening outside Southeast Asia, which are the fusion of the Islamic 

�� 

of Islamisation styles in different regions and periods in combination with other things 

�� 

parts of the Muslim world. 

184. Kalus, Ludvik, & Guillot, Claude. (2005). Inscriptions Islamiques en arabe de l’archipel des 

Maldives. �� , 15-52. 


[In French] This examines the mystery behind the Islamic inscriptions in Maldives that 

are unknown. 

185. Morley, J. A. E. (1949, July 12). Malacca ruler’s dreams came true: How Islam came 

to Malaysia. The Straits Times, p. 6. 

� �� 


Derived from various sources including the Malay Annals, the Story of Hang Tuah and 

translated poems by Wilkinson, the author highlights some legends concerning the 

kings of Malacca. References are made to Hadhrami Arabs including one who cursed 

Chaupandan - their Siamese opponents - and another concerning the Arab teacher of the 

Laksamana. The name “Malaka” is believed to mean “emporium” in Arabic. 

186. “Pak Belalang”. (1965, Ogos 8). Mengapa dan siapa-kah membawa Islam ka-mari? 

Berita Harian, p. 7. 

� �� 

66 

“Pak Belalang” menjawab soalan yang telah dikemukakan dengan memberi butiran 

mengenai kedatangan Islam di rantau ini dan bukti-bukti yang menunjukkan bahawa 

Islam dibawa ke sini oleh saudagar-saudagar Sepanyol dan Arab.

187. Riddell, Peter G. (2001). Arab migrants and Islamization in the Malay World during the colonial 

period. Indonesia and the Malay World, 29(84), 113-128. 


This article describes how the Arabs played their role in the transmission of Islam to 

Southeast Asia with a special focus on the period before the 20 th century reformist 

revolution. Riddell focuses on four salient features namely, (i) pilgrims of learning; (ii) 

trading imperatives and work migration; (iii) missionaries and religious scholars and lastly, 

(iv) the Muslim pilgrimage. 

188. Rinkes, Douwe Adolf. (1996). Nine saints of Java. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Sociological 

Research Institute. 

Call No.: RSEA 297.092 RIN 

This book is a translation of a series of six articles written by D. A. Rinkes, De heiligen 

van Java [The Saints of Java] which appeared in Tidschrift voor Indische Taal-, Land- 

en Volkenkunde during the years 1919-1913. Rinkes revisited sites and literature that 

purportedly point to the existence of the nine saints of Java. Some scholars opine that 

some, if not all, of the saints were Hadhrami Arabs. Interesting examples of classical 

Indonesia literature on Islam are provided. 

189. Roff, William R. (1998). Patterns of Islamization in Malaysia, 1890s–1900s: Exemplars, 

institutions, and vectors. Journal of Islamic Studies, 9(2), 210-218. 


Roff attempts to explain “patterns of Islamisation” over the last period of 100 years of the 

Malaysian society. 

190. Varsiti Kebangsaan berjaya tetapkan tarikh sa-benar Batu Bersurat. (1971, Januari 20). 


� �� 

Penyelidikan Prof. Syed Naguib Al-Attas berkenaan tarikh tertulisnya Batu Bersurat 

di Terengganu akhirnya membuahkan hasil. Artikel juga menerangkan secara ringkas 

kedatangan Islam ke Tanah Melayu. 

2.6 Persians & other Arabs 

191. Clarence-Smith, W. G. (1997). Hadrami entrepreneurs in the Malay World, c. 1750 to c. 1940. In 

Ulrike Freitag & W. G. Clarence-Smith (Eds.), Hadhrami traders, scholars, and statesmen in the 

�� 



This chapter recognises the contribution of Hadhrami entrepreneurs to the economic 

growth of colonial Southeast Asia vis-à-vis recognised contributions by the Indian and 

Chinese capitalists. This gives an important overview of their contributions in the different 

commercial sectors in Southeast Asia. 

67


192. Clarence-Smith, W. G. (2005). Middle Eastern entrepreneurs in Southeast Asia, c. 1750-c.1940. 

�� Diaspora 

entrepreneurial networks: Four centuries of history (pp. 217-244). Oxford; New York: Berg. 

Call No.: RBUS 338.04086910903 DIA 

Online: http://eh.net/XIIICongress/cd/papers/10Clarence-Smith301.pdf 

The author provides an overview on the economic areas where Middle Eastern 

entrepreneurs from Southern Arabia and Greater Syria dominated the Malay Archipelago 

and the Philippines. These activities include the retail trade; import-export; real estate, 

�� 

examples, he calls for a reassessment of the perception that Middle Eastern business 

people were less entrepreneurial than other major trading groups like the Chinese. An 

�� 

held at Buenos Aires from 22-26 July 2002. 

193. Colless, Brian. (1969, December). Persian merchants and missionaries in medieval Malaya. 

Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 42(2), 10-47. 


This article provides evidence to the importance of the role of the Persian Christians in 

the Indian trade. He suggests Christian-Aramaic and Christian Arabic sources for history 

of the Arabs in the East as alternatives. 

194. Colless, Brian. (1969-1970). Traders of the pearl: The mercantile and missionary activities of 

Persian and Armenian Christians in South East-Asia I. Abr-Nahrain, 9, 17-38. 


This article traces and examines the evidence for the movement of Christian merchants 

and missionaries from the Persian Gulf to Southeast Asia. 

195. Colless, Brian. (1970-1971). Traders of the pearl: The mercantile and missionary activities of 

Persian and Armenian Christians in South East-Asia II. �� 

, 102-121. 


As a follow-up to an article he had written earlier in this journal, Colless focuses on the 

trade and missionary activities of the Persian and Armenian Christians in the Malay 

Peninsula. There is an interesting reference that mentioned that Singapore was known as 

Mayt by Arab writers of the 9 th -13 th centuries. 

196. Colless, Brian. (1971). Traders of the pearl: The mercantile and missionary activities of Persian 

and Armenian Christians in South East-Asia III. Abr-Nahrain, 11, 1-21. 


68 

Colless examines the role of the Persians in the Malay Archipelago in areas such as 

Samudra, Srivijaya, Sunda and Maluku.

197. Guillot, Claude. (2004). Le Perse et le Monde malais: Échanges commerciaux et intellectuels. 

Archipel, 68, 159-162. 


[In French] This discusses the relationship between Persia and the Malay World; that is 

the nature of the relations, the duration, the intensity of their exchanges and the period of 

these exchanges. 

198. Mohammad Redzuan Othman. (2009). The origins and contributions of early Arabs in Malaya. 

In Eric Tagliacozzo (Ed.), Southeast Asia and the Middle East: Islam, movement, and the longue 

durée (pp. 83-107). Singapore: NUS Press. 


The chapter posits that the Arabs had been actively involved in Southeast Asia before 

the coming of Islam. However, he claims that the arrival of Islam made this process of 

�� 

more journeys to the Middle East than Arabs did to region. 

199. Nazir Ahmad�� 

during the 14th and early 15th century A.D. Studies in Islam, 18, 1-2. 


�� 

�� 

in coastal towns of India, Maldives islands, Java and Sumatra towards China. 

200. Zakaria Abdul Rahman. (1985). Masyarakat Kabul di daerah Besut, Terengganu. Malaysia dari 

�� 

, 75-89. 

Call No.: R Malay 959.5 MDSS 

Masyarakat Kabul di daerah Besut menguasai ekonomi di seluruh daerah itu pada tahun 

1920 hingga 1950. Zakaria menceritakan sejarah kedatangan kumpulan pertama pada 

tahun 1914, sumber ekonomi mereka dan keadaan mereka pada masa ini. 

69

3 POLITICS, NATIONALISM 

AND PAN-ISLAMISM 

3.1 Politics 

201. Al-Atas bukan lagi Senator. (1971, Ogos 28). Berita Harian, p. 1. 

� �� 

Bekas pengerusi parti Gerakan Ra’ayat Malaysia, Prof Syed Hussein Alatas telah 

ditamatkan khidmatnya sebagai Senator bagi mewakili Pulau Pinang. Krisis pada bulan 

Jun di kalangan pucuk pimpinan parti Gerakan itu menyebabkan beberapa ahli terkeluar 

dari parti tersebut. 

202. Alatas gagal. (1971, Julai 3). Berita Harian, p. 1. 

� �� 

Permohonan Profesor Syed Hussein Alatas untuk jawatan Presiden dan mengadakan 

Sidang Perwakilan Gerakan dibatalkan. 

203. Alsagoff, Ahmad Ali, Syed. (1946, October 26). Arab citizens. The Straits Times, Man in the 

Street, p. 4. 

� �� 


A call to have Arab representation in the Legislative Council is made, pointing to their 

loyalty to the British during the Japanese Occupation as well as in the establishment of 

the British protectorate in Hadhramaut. 

204. Alsagoff, Al-Syed Ibrahim�� 

The Straits Times, p. 18. 

� �� 


This gives extracts of Alsagoff’s speech given as Consul-General of Saudi Arabia 

touching on aspects such as pilgrims to Mecca and the need for a Singapore-Arab 

trade directory. 

205. Alsagoff, Syed Ibrahim Omar. (1940, March 12). Arab community against the tax. 

The Straits Times, Letters, p. 8. 

� �� 


70 

Alsagoff corrects Hon. Captain Hashim who, in a recent interview, indicates that the Arab 

community is in favour of the introduction of income tax. Alsagoff indicates that there are 

other means for raising funds for war.

206. Alsagoff, Syed Ibrahim Omar. (1955, March 31). What Muslim voters should ask their 

candidates. The Straits Times, p. 6. 

� �� 


Alsagoff puts forward four issues to potential assemblymen related to local 

Muslim concerns. 

207. Alsagoff changes mind on petition. (1977, May 20). The Straits Times, p. 11. 

� �� 


�� 

�� 

208. Alsagoff for celebrations. (1957, August 10). The Straits Times, p. 8. 

� �� 


This is an announcement the appointment of S. I. O. Alsagoff to represent Iraq at the 

Merdeka celebrations at Kuala Lumpur. 

209. Alsagoff is new chief of welfare. (1961, September 18). The Straits Times, p. 5. 

� �� 


Syed Abdullah Alsagoff is elected president of the Central Welfare Council in 

Kuala Lumpur. 

210. Alsagoff to be consul. (1950, November 22). The Straits Times, p. 9. 

� �� 


This is an announcement of the appointment of Syed Ibrahim bin Omar Alsagoff as the 

�� 

211. Arab contribution to crushing forces of Fascism. (1946, April 21). The Straits Times, p. 3. 

� �� 


�� 

helped toward the Allied victory in World War II in Africa and Europe. 

212. “Chegu”. (1939, October 2). Leading Arabs: Syed I. Alsagoff’s services to the community. 


� �� 


�� 

“leading Arab” for Syed Ibrahim Alsagoff, listing his credentials, accomplishments 

and characteristics. 

71


213. Co-operation in religion. (1949, February 6). The Straits Times, p. 3. 

� �� 


A meeting of various religious leaders seeking cooperation was held at S.I.O Alsagoff’s 

home. Some of the elected committee members are prominent Arabs. 

214. Disputes end in friendship: Arabs and British, Anglo-Egyptian Treaty. (1936, October 5). 


� �� 


Syed Ibrahim Omar Alsagoff hosts a tea party on the occasion of the signing of the Anglo- 

Egyptian Treaty. Extracts of Syed Ibrahim’s speech, particularly in relation to Egypt 

is published. 

215. Ghafar cabar Syed Hussein datang tanding di-Melaka. (1969, Mei 3). Berita Harian, p. 5. 

� �� 

Abdul Ghafar bin Baba mencabar pengerusi Kebangsaan Gerakan Ra’ayat Malaysia 

Prof Dr Syed Hussein Al-Attas supaya bertanding dalam pilihan raya. 

216. Habib Segaff: Malaysia akan siasat. (1988, April 22). Berita Harian, Luar Negeri, p. 2. 

� �� 

Jabatan Agama Islam Johor telah memulakan siasatan terhadap kandungan kaset Syed 

Segaff bin Mahdi setelah Syed Segaff tidak lagi dibenarkan berdakwah di Singapura 

berikutan kesilapan dalam syarahan-syarahannya. 

217. “Hadrami”�� 

The Straits Times, Correspondence, p. 17. 

� �� 


The writer “Hadrami” responds to an earlier letter by “Meccawy” in discussions over the 

need for an Arab Municipal Commissioner. He questions why the Arab community has not 

�� 

of the Singapore Ratepayers’ Association, as their representative. Includes a photograph 

�� 

218. Honour for 2 at Johore. (1952, February 29). The Straits Times, p. 6. 

� �� 


72 

Announcement of Syed Ibrahim Omar Alsagoff being awarded the Family Order (DK) 

of Johore.

219. Jabbar Hanief, & Zawiyah Salleh. (1988, April 28). Habib Segaff harap dapat berdialog dengan 

MUIS. Berita Harian, p. 1. 

� �� 

Habib Segaff melahirkan harapan agar dapat berdialog dengan Jawatankuasa Fatwa 

MUIS. Beliau meminta agar MUIS meluangkan masa untuk mendengar penjelasan penuh 

bagi menjawab ulasan-ulasan yang dibuat oleh MUIS terhadap syarahan-syarahannya. 

220. Johore Mufti. (1933, November 29). The Straits Times, p. 18. 

� �� 


An announcement of the appointment of Syed Salim bin Hassan Alattas as mufti, 

replacing Syed Abdul Kadir bin Mohsin Alattas who had retired. 

221. Kaset syarahan Habib Segaff masih lagi dijual. (1988, April 22). Berita Harian, Dalam Negeri, 

p. 3. 

� �� 

Kaset-kaset syarahan Syed Segaff bin Mahdi masih dijual di kedai-kedai setempat 

walaupun ia didapati mengandungi beberapa kesilapan. 

222. Larangan ka-atas S. Hussein sa-laku pengerusi. (1971, Julai 11). Berita Harian, p. 1. 

� �� 

Profesor Syed Hussein Alatas dilarang bertindak sebagai Pengerusi Parti Gerakan 

Ra’ayat Malaysia akibat tuntutan yang dibuat oleh Pemangku Setiausaha Parti itu, Encik 

Ong Boon Seong, bahawa Prof Alatas bukan lagi anggota Gerakan. 

223. Local Arabs and income tax. (1940, March 15). The Straits Times, p. 11. 

� �� 


�� 

Ahmad Alkaff appealed against the planned war taxes. 

224. Magenda, Burhan. (2005). Menelusuri jejak kehidupan keturunan Arab-Jawa di luar tembok 

keraton Yogyakarta. Antropologi Indonesia, 29(2), 182-197. 


Kajian mengenai peranan politik semasa zaman penjajahan banyak dilakukan oleh 

penyelidik-penyelidik seperti Hamid Algadri. Secara khusus, kajian ini bertumpu pada 

peranan keturunan Arab dalam politik tempatan di daerah Kalimantan Timur dan Nusa 

Tenggara Barat. Ia juga menghayati peranan politik keturunan Arab di pentas nasional 

sebagai satu tour de horizon. 

73


225. Mandal, Sumit Kumar. (2009). Challenging inequality in a modern Islamic idiom: Social ferment 

amongst Arabs in early 20 th century Java. In Eric Tagliacozzo (Ed.), Southeast Asia and the 

Middle East: Islam, movement, and the longue durée (pp. 156-175). Singapore: NUS Press. 


This chapter focuses on the turn-of-the-century Dutch Indies and explores the religious 

and political engagement of the Arab community in colonial Java. Ahmad Soerkati, a 

�� 

to the social hierarchy of the Arab communities in Java. Such provocations inspired the 

rise of Al-Irsjad in 1915. This attack was not only seen as a democratic struggle against 

an antiquated social structure but also as an attack on ranks and privileges conferred 

within the colonial society. 

226. “Meccawy”. (1937, June 7). Arab community wants Municipal Commissioner. The Straits Times, 

Correspondence, p. 17. 

� �� 


“Meccawy” indicates that the newly formed Arab Association, successor to the Arab 

Peranakan Association, was taking steps to petition for a Municipal representative for 

the Arab community as initially raised in his earlier letter in 1936. He highlights that the 

objectives of the Association validates it in having a representative. 

227. “Meccawy”. (1939, June 22). Arab community asks for a seat. The Straits Times, 


� �� 


“Meccawy” argues the need for an Arab representative in the Municipal Commission, 

chronologically tracing the community’s prior requests for this since 1937. He also 

�� 

a representative as the government suggests. 

228. “Meccawy”. (1940, October 16). Local Arabs want seat on Municipal Commission. 

The Straits Times, Letters p. 8. 

� �� 


�� 

“Meccawy” appeals again for an Arab representative on the Municipal Commission. 

229. Menteri yang menentang Mahathir elok letak jawatan: Profesor Alatas. (1987, April 28). 


� �� 

74 

Profesor Syed Hussein Alatas berpendapat bahawa menteri-menteri yang menentang 

Datuk Seri Dr Mahathir Mohamed seharusnya meletakkan jawatan kerana jelas mereka 

tidak percaya kepada kepimpinan beliau.

230. Mohammad Redzuan Othman. (1997). Hadhramis in the politics and administration of the 

Malay states in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. In Ulrike Freitag & W. G. Clarence- 

Smith (Eds.), �� 



Arab traders were acquainted with Malaya from early times, notably since the great 

Malacca sultanate rise in the 15th�� 

especially those involved in the administration of the Malay states. It shows the various 

intensities in the involvement of the Hadhrami Arabs in the sultanate politics of the 

�� 

19th century. 

231. Move to promote welfare of local Muslims. (1937, March 18). The Straits Times, p. 17. 

� �� 


The newly established Muslim Central Body, which seeks to guard the welfare and 

improve conditions for the Muslim community, is headed by a number of Arabs. 

Committee members, proposed plans and select rules are published in this article. 

232. New Johore Mufti welcomed. (1933, June 9). The Straits Times, p. 13. 

� �� 


Details of the appointment of Syed Alwi bin Tahir Alhadad as the new mufti of Johore. 

Highlights of the celebrations held at Syed Ibrahim bin Omar Alsagoff, and the speeches 

of Syed Alhadad and A. Hamid, the Dato mentri Besar of Johore are also given. 

233. Penerbit dan ketua pengarang Utusan di-dakwa. (1972, Oktober 21). Berita Harian, p. 1. 

� �� 

Pensyarah Universiti Malaya dan anggota Parti Sosialis Rakyat, Dr. Syed Husin bin Ali 

ingin meminta ganti rugi disebabkan dakwaan ke atas beliau tujuh tahun lalu. 

234. Prof. Alatas dilantik Naib-Canselor UM. (1988, April 1). Berita Harian, p. 1. 

� �� 

Kementerian Pendidikan mengumumkan perlantikan Profesor Syed Hussein Alatas 

sebagai Naib Canselor Universiti Malaya (UM). Beliau sebelum ini menjadi ketua 

pensyarah di Jabatan Pengajian Melayu Universiti Kebangsaan Singapura (NUS) dan 

pernah menjadi pensyarah dan ketua Bahagian Kebudayaan JPM di UM. 

235. Ramakrishnan, P. (1951, May 7). Subjects as consuls. The Straits Times, p. 4. 

� �� 


The letter writer questions S. I. O. Alsagoff’s position as consul for Iraq and whilst 

remaining a British subject. Ramakrishnan provides editorial remarks that explain the 

validity of this position. 

75


236. Rasmi: Syed Isa jadi Setiausaha UMNO Singapura. (1961, Mac 7). Berita Harian, p. 1. 

� �� 

Syed Isa, dilantik sebagai Setiausaha UMNO Singapura. 

�� Berita Harian, p. 9. 

� �� 

�� 

dalam buku Challenger, yang dikarang oleh Syed Hussein adalah palsu dan 

�� 

bahawa pandangan tersebut telah dibuat secara adil dan dengan niat yang baik. 

238. Siasatan ke atas Alatas selesai. (1990, Oktober 29). Berita Harian, p. 2. 

� �� 

Syed Hussein Alatas didapati tidak mematuhi peraturan pentadbiran universiti. Namun, 

Kementerian Pendidikan tidak mengambil tindakan lanjut ke atasnya dan setuju bahawa 

pengurusan universiti patut mengambil tindakan yang sewajarnya. 

239. “Singapore Arab”. (1939, July 12). The Singapore Arabs: Municipal petition recalled. 


� �� 


The writer questions the 1937 petition for a Municipal Commissioner, as the majority of 

Arabs did not sign it. Similarly, the majority did not review the government’s response. A 

portrait of Syed Ibrahim bin Omar Alsagoff is included. 

240. “Singapore Arab”�� The Straits 

Times, Correspondence, p. 15. 

� �� 


The author makes references to his letter dated 12 July and Meccawy’s letter of 21 July, 

which claimed that all leading Arabs had signed the petition for a Municipal Commissioner 

whereas a leading Arab company, the Alkaff Co. did not do so. The letter reveals aspects 

of internal tension in this matter. 

241. “Singapore Arab”. (1939, August 12). Hadramaut Arabs: Singapore writer answered: Muslim 

wakaffs. The Straits Times, p. 15. 

� �� 


76 

This is an acerbic response to “Worshipper” concerning his issues on the appointment of 

an Arab Municipal Commissioner. The author considers many of his point of complaints 

including those he makes on Muslim waqf.

242. “Singapore Arab”. (1939, September 1). The modern Arab in Singapore: Community leaders. 


� �� 


�� 

by the community and is not necessarily someone dressed in the garb of an Arab nor one 

who is a “prominent Arab”. He also compares the characteristics of resident Arabs of the 

past with those of today. 

243. Soal UMNO dengan kawasan Alsagoff. (1961, Julai 25). Berita Harian, p. 5. 

� �� 

UMNO cawangan Kampong Tengah mendesak kerajaan supaya tanah kawasan Alsagoff 

dijadikan kawasan penempatan untuk penduduk-penduduk di situ. 

244. “Son of Arabia”. (1937, October 4). Arab community: Representation on Municipal Commission. 


� �� 


The letter writer questions a statement made by Captain Hashim during an Arab 

Association meeting, which implied that representation at the Municipal Commission was 

�� 

245. Syed Ali anggota penasihat Arkib. (1987, Ogos 5). Berita Harian, Dalam Negeri, p. 3. 

� �� 

Syed Ali Redha Alsagoff telah dilantik sebagai anggota Jawatankuasa Arkib dan Rekod 

untuk penggal tiga tahun yang akan datang. 

246. Syed Ali Redha akan menarek diri dari penchalunan jawatan. (1971, Mac 21). Berita Harian, 

p. 4. 

� �� 

Syed Ali Redha Alsagoff, Naib Pengerusi PKM tidak mahu terus memegang jawatan 

tersebut kerana ingin berehat dan memberi peluang kepada ‘muka baru’. 

247. Syed Ali: Saya berundor bukan kerana sengketa. (1971, Mac 30). Berita Harian, p. 12. 

� �� 

Syed Ali Redha Alsagoff menerangkan bahawa tindakan yang diambil bukan sebab salah 

faham di antara beliau dan ahli-ahli yang lain. 

248. Syed Esa jadi S-usaha Agong PKM. (1967, Oktober 20). Berita Harian, p. 2. 

� �� 

Pelantikan semula Syed Esa Almanoer sebagai Setiausaha Agong Persatuan 

Kebangsaan Melayu (PKM). 

77



� �� 

Syed Esa Almanoer, Setiausaha Agong Pertubohan Kebangsaan Melayu (PKM) akan 

tetap bertanding sebagai calon ahli Jawatankuasa Pusat PKM. 

250. Syed Esa Timbalan Speaker. (1959, Disember 15). Berita Harian, p. 1. 

� �� 

Syed Esa bin Alwee sebagai dilantik sebagai Timbalan Speaker. 

251. Syed Hussein bukan lagi ahli Gerakan, kata Hakim. (1971, November 11). Berita Harian, p. 6. 

� �� 

Mahkamah Tinggi memutuskan bahawa Prof Dr Syed Hussein Alatas tidak lagi menjadi 

anggota Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia. Beliau juga telah dilarang melakukan pelbagai 

perkara yang berkaitan atau melibatkan parti tersebut. 

252. Syed Naguib keluar dari Gerakan. (1969, Mac 22). Berita Harian, p. 1. 

� �� 

Dr Syed Muhammad Naguib Al-Attas keluar dari parti Gerakan Ra’ayat Malaysia atas 

sebab peribadi. 

253. Syed Naguib sambut chabaran berdebat dari s-usaha DAP. (1968, November 5). Berita Harian, 

p. 5. 

� �� 

Syed Naguib bersetuju untuk berdebat dengan Lim Kit Siang, Setiausaha Kerja DAP. 

254. ”The Wanderer”. (1932, June 19). Mainly about Malayans: The Arabs in Singapore. 


� �� 


�� 

needs of the local Arab community for leadership. 

255. “Worshipper”. (1939, August 1). Hadramaut Arabs: The community in Singapore: Some 

suggestions. The Straits Times, p. 18. 

� �� 


78 

“Worshipper” responds to “Meccawy”, “A Hadrami”, “Ibu Adam” and “Singapore Arab” 

concerning issues ranging from the appointment of an Arab Municipal Commissioner to 

the role of the Resident Adviser of Mukalla.

256. “Worshippers”. (1939, August 22). Local Arab spokesmen. The Straits Times, Correspondence, 

p. 17. 

� �� 


3.2 Arabs & Malays 

The writer responds to the letter of “Singapore Arab” published on August 11 with 

reference to his own letter dated August 1 concerning the issue of Arab representation at 

the Municipal Board, emphasizing the need for Muslim unity in this matter. 

257. A. Samad Ismail (Abdul Samad Ismail). (1992, September). Sudut pandangan: Melayu versus 

Arab. Dewan Budaya, 14(9), 20-21. 

Call No.: RU R q301.205 DB 

Penulis memberi pandangan beliau terhadap keratan akhbar Berita Harian yang 

memperdebatkan isu sama ada golongan Arab adalah sebahagian masyarakat Melayu 

atau tidak. Berdasarkan pengalamannya sebagai perintis perjuangan kebangsaan 

Melayu sebelum peperangan terutama di bawah kepimpinan Abdul Rahim Kajai dalam 

Utusan Melayu, beliau menyatakan Utusan adalah lidah perjuangan Kesatuan Melayu 

Singapura (KMS). Pada masa itu, kepimpinan masyarakat Melayu-Islam dimonopoli 

oleh orang-orang Arab dan India-Muslim. Utusan dimaksudkan untuk menentang Warta 

Melayu, sebuah akhbar terulung di Semananjung dan di Singapura. Warta dimiliki oleh 

keluarga Arab. 

258. “Abdul”. (1935, March 20). The Silver Jubilee: Muslim unity not attainable? The Straits Times, 

p. 13. 

� �� 


This report’s failure to bring together various Muslim committees to celebrate the King’s 

Jubilee. The article then lists the various committees and their proposed programmes. 

These committees include the Arab Jubilee Committee, Ka-Satuan Melayu (Malay Union) 

and the Central Committee of the Singapore Muslim Jubilee Celebration. 

259. Aljunied, Syed Muhd. Khairudin. (2007). The role of Hadramis in Post-Second World War 

Singapore – A reinterpretation. Immigrants & Minorities, 25(2), 163-183. 


Online: Available from NLB’s e-Resources - Ebscohost Academic Search Premier 

In this paper, the author tries to present a different perspective and take on the 

Hadhramis in post-war Singapore through a detailed study of one family – the Alsagoffs. 

While most scholars focused on the decline in Hadhrami economic prowess and social 

�� 

�� 

reform and revival, and the Malay literary movement. 

79


260. Aljunied, Syed Muhd. Khairudin. (2009). Hadhramis within Malay activism: The role of Al- 

Saqqaf(s) in post-war Singapore. In Ibrahim Abushouk Ahmed & Hassan Ahmed Ibrahim (Eds.), 

The Hadhrami diaspora in Southeast Asia: Identity maintenance or assimilation? (pp. 225-244). 

Leiden; Boston: Brill. 


An examination of the role that prominent members of the Al-Saqqaf (Alkaff) family 

played in Malay activism in Singapore. The author shows the various ways in which 

Islam, politics and Malay literary culture were drawn on to further the cause of Malay 

supremacy in Singapore during the period from 1945 to 1965. The author suggests that 

this demonstrates the Hadhramis’ ability to assume multiple identities as both members of 

the Arab and Malay communities. 

261. Cheng, Jeanne. (1992, May 25). No intention to depict Arabs as Malays. The Straits Times, 

Forum, p. 28. 

� �� 


�� 

intentions of depicting Arabs as Malays. 

262. Faridah Wan. (1956, February 3). Malays, Syeds and landownership. The Straits Times, 


� �� 


�� 

Malay race, and the differences in the terms Syed and Sheikh. She also discusses an 

example of a Chinese who had converted to Islam and his subsequent position amongst 

the Malays. 

263. Harasha Kalid Bafana. (1996). The Arab identity: Dilemma or non-issue? �� 

publication of the Arab Association of Singapore, 1(1), 5. 


� �� 

80 

�� 

with the programme “Potret Keluarga” in 1992 in which Arabs were depicted as Malays. 

�� 

accepted by the Arab community.

264. Harasha Kalid Bafana. (1996). The Singapore Hadrami Arab identity. Unpublished academic 

exercise, National University of Singapore. 


This paper looks at the problematic nature of Arab identity in contemporary Singapore. 

Today’s Arab shares many similarities with the Malay in terms of culture, dress and 

language, and this has led some to suggest that the term “Malay of Arab descent” is a 

more appropriate descriptor over the term “localised Arabs”. Through interviews with 18 

Singapore Hadhrami Arabs, the author concludes that the local Arabs, while maintaining 

close associations with the Malay community, have a strong sense of ethnic identity that 

is self-ascribed and rooted in their heritage and origin. However, her study also shows 

that not all aspects of this identity remain unchanged. Belief and practice of the Arab 

caste system is no longer strongly held on to especially by the younger generation. 

265. Kasim, J. A. (1993, October 21). Singapore Arabs: Some are Malays. The Straits Times, p. 15. 

� �� 


The author writes in response to a New Straits Times article dated October 15 by Syed 

Mohamed to Al Sharouq where he expressed sadness at having his brighter students 

�� 

community grew out of intermarriage with wealthier Malays. 

266. Khng, Eu Meng. (1992, June 18). A Caucasian Chinese. The Straits Times, p. 12. 

� �� 


This is a defensive reaction to Mardiana Abu Bakar’s piece “The Arab dilemma” dated on 

11 June 1992. 

267. M. (1939, August 17). Malay nationalism and racialism: Recent trends and cleavages in 

Singapore. The Straits Times, Correspondence, p. 15. 

� �� 


A lengthy letter in response to discussions over the Malay Union and Singapore Malay 

Association and the place of non-Malay Muslims, including Indians and Arabs in the 

community. It especially addresses misconceptions about non-Malays including Arabs 

such as their sense of superiority and their rights in relation to those of the ethnic Malays. 

268. M. Y. H. (1939, August 24). Non-Malay Muslims: “Melayu Jati” in Singapore. The Straits Times, 


� �� 


The writer responds to an earlier letter by “M” published on August 17 over the 

formation of the Singapore Malay Union and the Singapore Malay Associations and the 

controversial requirement that only Malays could become members of these associations. 

81


269. Makarim, Omar. (1939, August 12). An Arab writer praised. The Straits Times, p. 15. 

� �� 


Omar commends letter writer “Worshipper” for the letter published on August 1 and notes 

that few local Arabs are able to express their opinions in the English dailies because of 

their poor language skills. 

270. Mardiana Abu Bakar. (1992, July 3). The Arab dilemma. The Straits Times, Life!, p. 15. 

� �� 


With reference to the term “Malay of Arab descent” and a recent exchange of letters in 

the Straits Times concerning this, the author provides academic insights to the reasons 

resident Arabs have adopted Malay customs and the implication this has on the local 

Arab identity. 

271. Melayu yang keturunan Arab meminta hak yg sama. (1966, Mei 18). Berita Harian, p. 7. 

� �� 

Al-Arabiatul Arabiah Johor, sebuah persatuan orang-orang berketurunan Arab meminta 

kerajaan Johor agar memberi layanan yang sama kepada orang-orang Melayu 

berketurunan Arab. 

272. Mohammed A. Talib. (1992, June 18). Baseless and ridiculous. The Straits Times, Life!, p. 12. 

� �� 


This is a reaction to Mardiana Abu Bakar’s piece “The Arab dilemma” dated on 

11 June 1992. 

273. Nagata, Judith A. (1974). What is a Malay? Situational selection of ethnic identity in a plural 

society. American Ethnologist, 1(2), 331-350. 


The article considers how various ethnic groups including the Indians and the Arabs 

consider themselves in relation to the Malays in Malaya. Issues of ethnic assimilation and 

distinction are discussed. 

274. Roff, William R. (1994). The origins of Malay nationalism. Kuala Lumpur: Oxford 

University Press. 

Call No.: RSING 320.54 ROF 

82 

In his socio-historical study of Malay society under British rule in the 19 th -20 th centuries, 

Roff also discusses the role and community leadership that Muslims of Arab descent 

provided towards the development of nationalism and a collective ethnic identity among 

the Malays.

275. Shahril Mohd Shah. (2007). From the Mohammedan Advisory Board to the Muslim Advisory 

Board. In Khoo Kay Kim, Elinah Abdullah, & Wan Meng Hao (Eds.), �� 

Singapore: Selected readings in history, 1819-1965 (pp. 159-181). Subang Jaya: 

Pelandok Publication. 

Call No.: RSING 305.899205957 MAL 

The nature of the Muslim Advisory Board’s establishment, when compared to that of 

the pre-war Mohammedan Advisory Board, gives an interesting picture of the internal 

workings of the Muslim community. The nationalistic fervour of the post-war period 

awakened the Malays to the reality that the Board could serve as a useful purpose and 

hence, the Malays began to challenge the non-Malay Muslim dominance on the Board. 

Membership of the MAB became another “battleground” for groups within the Muslim 

community as they began to “jockey” for leadership positions in the community. 

276. Syed Hassan Ali. (1992, May 16). Programme suggested Arabs belonged to Malay community. 

The Straits Times, Forum, p. 36. 

� �� 


The writer argues against the suggestion that an Arab is a Malay. He questions the 

conception that a shared religion would mean that every Muslim is Malay. 

277. �� 

. (1992, July 3). Always an Arab. The Straits Times, Life!, p. 4. 

� �� 


In response to Mardiana’s article “The Arab dilemma” (ST, June 11), the author expands 

on why he believes that the resident Arab community remains distinct from the local 

Malay community. 

278. Talib, Khaled Abed. (1992, June 18). Arabs “distinct from Malays”. The Straits Times, Life!, 

p. 18. 

� �� 


Khaled responds to Mardiana Abu Bakar’s article “The Arab dilemma” and argues that 

local Arabs have not assimilated with the Malays. He refers to historical, cultural, literary 

and social elements to support his argument. 

279. We too are Malays, claim Syeds and Sheikhs. (1956, January 17). The Straits Times, p. 5. 

� �� 


This is a brief article which asserts that descendants of Arabs, namely the Syeds and the 

Sheikhs, should be enabled to own landed property. It is a summary of a petition sent to 

the Sultan of Kelantan. 

83


3.3 Pan-Islamism 

280. Abaza, Mona. (1986). The discourse on Islamic fundamentalism in the Middle East and 

Southeast Asia: A critical perspective. �� 

(2), 203-239. 

Call No.: RSING 300.5 SSISA 

This article provides a critical review regarding the discourse on Islamic fundamentalism 

with reference to the Middle East and Southeast Asia. Abaza attempts to draw similarities 

from the phenomenon and argues that the advocations by these fundamentalists bear 

strong resemblances to traditional Orientalist discourse on Islam. 

281. Affandi, Bisri. (1999). �� 

Indonesia. Jakarta: Pustaka Al-Kautsar. 

Call No.: R Malay 297.809598 AFF 

Kajian terhadap pemikiran dan ajaran Ahmad Sukarti tentang pembaharuan dan 

pemurniaan Islam di kalangan masyarakat Arab Hadhrami di Indonesia belum banyak 

dilakukan oleh para sejarawan. Ini amat menghairankan kerana beliau amat berperanan 

dalam masyarakat Arab Indonesia, terutama sekali dalam pergerakan nasionalis 

Indonesia. 

282. Alwi Alatas. (2005, August 26-28). Pan-Islamism and Islamic resurgence in the Netherlands 

East Indies: The role of ‘Abd Allah b. Alwi Al-Attas (1840-1929). Proceedings of the International 

Conference on Yemeni-Hadramis in Southeast Asia: Identity Maintenance or Assimilation? 

(pp. 173-204). Kuala Lumpur: International Islamic University Malaysia. 

This paper discuss the contribution of the Hadhramis to the Netherlands East Indies 

through ‘Abd Allah b. Alwi Al-Attas, particularly his role in supporting pan-Islamic idea and 

Islamic resurgence. 

283. Anderson, John. (1840). Acheen, and the ports on the north and east coasts of Sumatra: With 

incidental notices of the trade in the Eastern Seas and the aggressions of the Dutch. London: 

W.H. Allen. 

Call No.: RRARE 959.81 AND 

� �� 

Online: http://sgebooks.nl.sg/opendoc.aspx?doc=shc/nlbhb/020000059.pdf 

This publication provides an account of the usurpation of the Acehnese sultanate by Saif 

Al-Alam, the son of Syed Hussein, a wealthy Penang merchant of Arab descent, during 

the Acehnese civil war of 1814-1819. Oxford University Press reprinted this book in 1971. 

284. Azra, Azyumardi. (2006). Muslim in the archipelago: Early relations with Arabia and beyond. 

In Islam in the Indonesian world: An account of institutional formation (pp. 148-176). Bandung, 

Indonesia: Mizan. 

Call No.: RSEA 297.09598 AZR 

84 

The author provides a broad sketch of the interactions between the Arabian, Persian and 

Turkish worlds, with the Malay-Indonesian archipelago for three periods: end of the 8 th 

century to the 12 th century; the end of the 15 th century; and the 16 th to the second half of 

the 17 th century. Evidences indicate that early contacts were trade-related but this later 

expanded to include the political and religious spheres as well.

285. Dijk, Kees van. (2002). Colonial fears, 1890-1918: Pan-Islamism and the Germano-Indian plot. 

In Huub de Jonge & N. J. G. Kaptein (Eds.), Transcending borders: Arabs, politics, trade and 

Islam in Southeast Asia (pp. 53-89). Leiden: KITLV Press. 


The author describes the fears that the Dutch colonial administrators had of the pan- 

Islamic policy promoted by the Ottoman Empire. He also dwells at length on the 

Germano-Indian plot where the Germans tried to instigate uprisings by the Muslim 

�� 

Ottoman Empire during World War I. Indigenous Arabs were then viewed as supporters of 

the Ottoman cause and thus distrusted by the colonial authorities. 

286. Dijk, Kees van. (2003). Ketakutan penjajah, 1890-1918: Pan Islamisme dan persekongkolan 

Jerman-India. In N. J. G. Kaptein (Ed.), Kekacauan dan kerusuhan: Tiga tulisan tentang Pan- 

Islamisme di Hindia-Belanda Timur pada akhir abad kesembilan belas dan awal abad kedua 

belas (pp. 29-68). Leiden/Jakarta: INIS. 


Orang Arab dicurigai kerana kedudukan mereka di kalangan penduduk Muslim Indonesia. 

Bab ini memperlihatkan beberapa keadaan di mana orang Arab di Indonesia dianggap 

sebagai kawan atau lawan, pro-Jerman, pro-Inggeris atau pro-Jepun. 

287. Gordon, Alijah. (1999). Riau: The milieu of Syed Shaykh’s formative years & the aspirations of 

the subjugated umma. In Alijah Gordon (Ed.), The real cry of Syed Shaykh Al-Hady (pp. 1-68). 

Kuala Lumpur: Malaysia Sociological Research Institute. 

Call No.: RSEA 291.61 REA 

Gordon gives the socio-historical context of Pan-islamism and the Arabs in Singapore, 

Malaya and Riau islands during Syed Sheikh’s formative years. 

288. Hurgronje, C. Snouck (Christiaan Snouck). (1906). The Achehnese (A. W. S. O’Sullivan, 

Trans.). Leiden: E.J. Brill. 

Call No.: RU R 959.81 SNO 

This is Hurgronje’s special study of religious elements in the political conditions of Aceh. 

Volume one looks at the government and people of Aceh, its calendars, festivals and 

seasons, domestic life and law. Volume two looks into the different branches of Islam in 

Aceh, its literature, games and leisure as well as the religion. These volumes serve as 

primary documents to those who want to understand Aceh and Islam in Southeast Asia. 

289. Khoo, Salma Nasution. (1990). An usurper of the Achehnese throne. Pulau Pinang, 2(2), 15. 


This article describes the usurpation of the Acehnese sultanate by Tengku Syed Hussain, 

�� 

wealth in Penang. 

85


290. King Faisal’s $129,000 gift to build Muslim hall in S’pore. (1965, March 23). The Straits Times, 

p. 7. 

� �� 


The gift from the Saudi Arabia King and an 8-day World Muslim Haji Congress are 

discussed in this article. 

291. Lombard, Denys. (1991). �� 

(Winarsih 

�� 

Call No.: R Malay 959.8021 LOM 

Buku ini telah diterbitkan pertama kali di Perancis pada tahun 1967. Lombard telah 

mengetengahkan beberapa pendapat baru antaranya beliau berpendapat bahawa 

zaman keemasan kerajaan Aceh bukan bersifat lagenda tetapi adalah satu fakta sejarah. 

Mengandungi juga kronologi sejarah Aceh, silsilah Iskandar Muda, perhubungan Aceh 

dengan pedagang asing dari Cina, Turki, Portugis, Belanda, Inggeris serta Perancis. 

292. Mohammad Redzuan Othman. (1996). Pan-Islamic appeal and political patronate: The Malay 

perspective and the Ottoman response. �� , 97-108. 


In the late 19th and 20th centuries, perhaps as a result of the European domination, 

Muslims inclusive of the Malays, responded by looking for a leadership and patronage 

to preserve their dignity. Sultan Abdul Hamed (1876-1908) who was the Ottoman Sultan 

as well as the Caliph began to promulgate a constitution that clearly stipulated himself 

as the leader of the Muslims. As a result, he was seen as the protector of Islam on 24 

December 1876. A series of emissaries were sent beyond Turkish borders, including the 

Malay World. One of the earliest and most remarkable was initiated by Sayyid Mohamad 

�� 

as the Sultan Abu Bakar of Johore. This article gives a brief overview of the relationship 

of the Turks with Muslims in the region, which gave it, what European scholars would 

refer to as the “Pan-Islamic” bent. 

293. Mohammad Redzuan Othman�� 

before World War II. In Huub de Jonge & N. J. G. Kaptein (Eds.),Transcending borders: Arabs, 



The author argues that British’s mistrust of Arabs in Singapore and Malaya during their 

war with Turkey in World War I was generally unfounded. The majority of the community 

was either indifferent or remained loyal to the British administration. 

294. Nabir Hj. Abdullah. (1987). Turki dan alam Melayu: Tinjauan terhadap sejarah hubungan 

keduanya. Jebat, 15, 129-142. 

Call No.: RU R 959.5 J 

86 

Menunjukkan betapa rapatnya perhubungan di antara Turki dengan dunia Melayu, 

terutamanya Aceh pada abad yang ke-17.

295. Reid, Anthony. (1967, February). Nineteenth century pan-Islam in Indonesia and Malaysia. 

Journal of Asian Studies, 26(2), 267-283. 

Call No.: RU R 950.05 FEQ 


The author examines the rise of Pan-Islamism in the Indonesia and Malaya in the 19 th 

century from documents in colonial archives. Reference is made to the political and 

religious roles that the Arabs assumed in the movement. 

296. Reid, Anthony. (1969). �� 

. Kuala Lumpur: Oxford 


Call No.: RCLOS 992.1 REI 

Based on Dutch and British sources, Reid investigates the causes of this protracted war. 

297. Reid, Anthony. (1969, December). Indonesian diplomacy: A documentary study of Atjehnese 

foreign policy in the reign of Sultan Mahmud, 1870-1874. Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the 



Aceh is unique in the breadth of its international connections as well as its status as a 

fully recognised independent Muslim before the 20 th century. Sultan Ibrahim renewed 

the links that Aceh had with Turkey in the 16 th century, in the 1850s. Later, prominent 

Acehnese took this to task in 1860s. One of them was Habib Abdul Rahman az-Zahir, a 

Hadhrami Syed. This investigates the foreign policy of Aceh through diplomatic Acehnese 

letters. 

298. Reid, Anthony. (2003). Pan Islamisme abad kesembilan belas di Indonesia dan Malaysia. In N. 

J. G. Kaptein (Ed.), Kekacauan dan kerusuhan: Tiga tulisan tentang Pan-Islamisme di Hindia- 

Belanda Timur pada akhir abad kesembilan belas dan awal abad kedua belas (pp. 1-27). Leiden/ 

Jakarta: INIS. 


Perhubungan yang erat di antara umat Islam di Asia Tenggara dan Timur Tengah adalah 

penting dalam pembentukan perasaan anti penjajahan dalam abad ke-19. Amatlah 

�� 

dan Belanda. Penulis menyokong penilaian Snouck Hurgronje bahawa Pan-Islam 

memang ancaman pribumi paling serius dalam hubungan Belanda-Indonesia sebelum 

perlaksanaan Politik Etika. 

299. The rulers will get Egyptian emissary’s messages. (1956, August 14). The Straits Times, p. 1. 

� �� 


Captain Hassan Nayel, the Emissary for Egypt was not permitted to stay beyond two 

days and so had to pass his message to Malayan leaders through S. I. O. Alsagoff. It was 

an invitation for them to join the Supreme Council of the Muslim Congress. 

87


300. Schmidt, Jan. (2003). Pan-Islamisme di antara Porte, Den Haag dan Buiten Zorg. In N. J. G. 

Kaptein (Ed.), Kekacauan dan kerusuhan: Tiga tulisan tentang Pan-Islamisme di Hindia-Belanda 

Timur pada akhir abad kesembilan belas dan awal abad kedua belas (pp. 69-41). Leiden/ 

Jakarta: INIS. 


Berbeza dengan Inggeris, Perancis atau Rusia, Belanda tidak berada dalam keadaan 

yang boleh mengancam “kekaisaran” Ottoman. Mengekalkan kaisar Ottoman bukan 

sebab utama yang mencetus warga Islam Hindia-Belanda untuk melawan penjajah 

mereka. Sebab-sebab yang lain seperti kepentingan ekonomi atau kebudayaan juga 

bukanlah motivasi penentu yang memupuk semangat ingin melawan pihak Belanda 

bagi pihak Ottoman. Ini menyebabkan pihak Belanda menumpukan perhatian mereka 

kepada kelompok Aceh dan kelompok Arab. Namun, penulis berpendapat bahawa kuasa 

di sebalik motivasi itu bukan diilhamkan oleh Islam atau kekhalifan Ottoman, tetapi 

diilhamkan oleh semagat nationalisma. 

301. Shiraishi, Takashi. (1990). An age in motion: Popular radicalism in Java, 1912-1926. Ithaca: 

Cornell University Press. 

Call no.: RU RSEA 959.82 SHI 

Nationalism, political consciousness, Islamism, communism and reformism found 

expression in the rise of the popular movement during the early part of 20 th century 

Indonesia. The study mentions Arab involvement and participation in these movements. 

302. Turkish Prince: Abdul Hamid’s grandson in Singapore. (1933, February 8). The Straits Times, 

p. 12. 

� �� 


An announcement of a party given at A. M. Alsagoff’s home to welcome Prince Abdul 

Karim from Turkey. 

3.4 Dutch & British policies 

�� 

� 

June 17). The Straits Times, p. 12. 

�� 


88 

This is the announcement of the arrival of W. H. Ingrams in Singapore, who is here on 

a study visit. He is tasked to study the system of government in the Unfederated Malay 

States for the purpose of adopting a similar system in the Hadhramaut states of Arabia.

304. Algadri, Hamid. (1984). �� 

Arab. Jakarta: Sinar Harapan Agape Press. 


Hamid Algadri mengakui bahawa beliau bukan seorang sejarawan. Namun begitu, beliau 

�� 

Arab di Indonesia - sejarah keturunan orang Arab, sejarah Islam di Indonesia serta polisi 

kerajaan Belanda Indonesia. Beliau juga telah menyentuh tentang pemikiran Hurgronje 

mengenai asimilasi keturunan Arab serta reaksi dan aksi keturunan Arab terhadap 

gerakan nasionalisma. Mengandungi gambar-gambar pemikir Arab yang terkenal di 

Indonesia seperti Abdullah bin Alwi Alatas dan Abdulkadir Alsegaf. Juga mengandungi 

salasilah Maulana Malik Ibrahim, Maulana Ishaq dan Raden Patah. 

305. Algadri, Hamid. (1994). Dutch policy against Islam and Indonesians of Arab descent in 

Indonesia. Jakarta: Pustaka LP3ES Indonesia. 

Call No.: RSEA 305.6970598 ALG 

�� 

�� 

, published 

in 1984. This book was viewed as a successful attempt to make a direct connection 

between Dutch policy on Islam and the history of the Arab descendants. Hamid Algadri 

asserts his position that the backbone of the Dutch colonial government in Indonesia 

of 350 years was outlined by Professor Snouck to neutralise Islam. He examines 

Hurgronje’s central role as a Dutch scholar and orientalist. He describes the seamless 

integration of the Arabs into Indonesia before and after independence despite their 

inherited colonial legal status. 

306. Algadri, Hamid. (1996). Islam dan keturunan Arab: Dalam pemberontakan melawan Belanda. 

Bandung: Penerbit Mizan Anggota IKAPI. 

Call No.: R Malay 959.802 ALG 

Buku ini merupakan edisi ketiga buku berjudul �� 

terhadap Islam dan keturunan Arab di Indonesia yang dicetak pada 1984. Isi dan bab-bab 

telah diperkemaskan. 

307. Aljunied, Syed Muhd. Khairudin. (2005). �� 

discourse on religions amongst Malays. Singapore: Marshall Cavendish Academic. 

Call No.: RSING 291 ALJ 

�� 

and Malaya. 

308. �� 

. (1998). �� 

�� [Struggles of Arabs against the Dutch colonisation in Indonesia]. S.l.: s.n. 


[In Arabic] This book includes information on the Dutch war against Islam and Muslims 

in Indonesia and the confrontation between Christianity and Islam. There are also details 

about the rule of Arabs spreading Islam, justice and knowledge in Indonesia. 

89


309. Arab loyalty and cooperation. (1930, April 16). The Straits Times, p. 12. 

� �� 


There are highlights of a special function to welcome Sir Cecil Clementi and his wife by 

�� 

�� 

representation at the Municipal Commission. 

310. Arai, Kazuhiro. (2000). Hadrami network and the British: A case of the 1910-1920’s. Annals of 

�� 

, 175-203. 

Private Collection of Syed Farid Alatas 


[In Japanese] Tensions brew during the period of World War I till the 1920s between the 

Hadhrami network and the British resulting from internal struggles in Hadhramaut and 

the so-called Sayyid-Irshad dispute in the Hadhrami communities in Southeast Asia. 

These caused the careful monitoring of movements by the British of “suspicious” and 

“undesirable” Hadhramis between Southeast Asia and the Hadhramaut. The stability of 

Hadhramaut was necessary for the interests of the British. 

311. Badriyah Haji Salleh. (1999). Warkah al-Ikhlas 1818-1821. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa 

dan Pustaka. 

Call No.: RSING 091 WAR 

Surat-surat ini ditulis oleh raja-raja dan pembesar-pembesar dari beberapa buah negeri 

Melayu di Semenanjung, Borneo dan Indonesia kepada William Farquhar. Di antara 

mereka adalah pembesar-pembesar Tanah Melayu keturunan Arab. 

312. Benda, Harry Jindrich. (1958, December). Christian Snouck Hurgronje and the foundation of 

Dutch Islamic policy in Indonesia. �� 

(4), 338-347. 


�� 

313. From the Red Sea. (1939, June 19). The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser, p. 3. 

� �� 

Photograph of W. H. Ingrams, British Resident and Adviser at Makalla and his wife on 

arrival by the P. & O. liner Chitral. 

314. Jonge, Huub de. (1997). Dutch colonial policy pertaining to Hadhrami immigrants. In Ulrike 

Freitag & W. G. Clarence-Smith (Eds.), Hadhrami traders, scholars, and statesmen in the Indian 

�� (pp. 94-111). Leiden Koninklijke Brill. 


90 

Jonge posits that although Arabs in the Netherland Indies had the same unequal position 

as other vreende oosterlingen (Foreign Orientals), they seemed to encounter more 

discrimination in reality. Jonge reveals the reasons behind the Dutch’s colonial policies 

and attitudes towards the Arabs.

315. Kaptein, N. J. G. (1997). Sayyid Uthman on the legal validity of documentary evidence. 

�� 

(1), 82-102. 

Call No.: RSEA 572.9598 ITLVB 

Online: http://www.kitlv-journals.nl/ 

According to the author, the change of views expressed in Sayyid Uthman’s assessment 

on the legal validity of documentary evidence on a case of conditional repudiation, points 

to his increased orientation towards the Dutch colonial government. 

316. Kaptein, N. J. G. (1998). Sayyid and the Queen: Sayyid Uthman on Queen Wilhelmina’s 

inauguration on the throne of the Netherlands in 1898. Journal of Islamic Studies, 9(1-2), 

158-177. 


On September 1898, Arab scholar Sayyid Uthman composed a prayer that was read 

out in the whole of Java on the occasion of Dutch Queen Wihelmina’s coronation. The 

prayer, which may be viewed as a sign of loyalty to the Dutch rulers, drew both positive 

and negative responses from Arabs and Muslims in Indonesia and Hadhramaut. This 

paper is an analysis of the events and the reactions to that act, and provides insights into 

the relationship between the Dutch colonial authorities and the Muslim community in the 

Netherlands East Indies. 

317. Laffan, Michael Francis. (2002). “A Watchful Eye”: The Meccan plot of 1881 and changing 

Dutch perceptions of Islam in Indonesia. Archipel, 63, 79-108. 


Laffan articulates how events in Hijaz in 1881 affected how Islam was being perceived 

in the Netherlands East Indies. The period caused Islam and Muslims to be seen in a 

different light. 

318. Naimah S. Talib. (1982). �� 

. 

Unpublished academic exercise, National University of Singapore. 


Naimah examines the nature of the British policy towards Islam in the Straits Settlement 

vis-à-vis the Malay states. 

319. [Picture of Mr W. H. Ingrams, British Resident and Adviser of Makalla, part of the Aden 

protectorate, with members of the Singapore Arab community who (from left) are Messrs. S. H. 

�� The Straits Budget, p. 19. 

� �� 

Here is the picture of W. H. Ingrams, British Resident and Adviser at Makalla with 

members of the Singapore Arab community. 

91


320. Priestland, Jane. (Ed.). (2004). �� 

(Vols. 1-12). Slough: Archive Editions. 

Call No.: RSEA 320.557 REC 

A British documentary survey of the impact of Islam on the early to mid 20th century with 

particular reference to its political and international dimensions. Sources are selected 

from a variety of sources and classes in the British National Archives (formerly PRO), 

�� 

private papers. 

321. Smith, Simon C. (1995, July). Rulers and residents: British relations with the Aden Protectorate, 

1937-1959. Middle Eastern Studies, 31(3), 509-523. 



In the author’s study of British policy in Aden, he draws similarities between the British 

administration of Southern Arabia and the Malay States. In both instances, British 

interests lay in the key strategic ports of Aden and Singapore. A policy of indirect rule was 

implemented through the tribal heads of the hinterlands. 

322. Syed Omar Alsagoff’s tea party to celebrate Anglo-Egyptian Treaty. (1936, October 4). 


� �� 


These are extracts of the speeches by the Colonial Secretary A. S. Small and Syed 

Ibrahim Omar Alsagoff. Alsagoff focuses especially on Egypt’s role as “the vanguard of 

Islam” and the importance of the treaty for the Arab world. 

323. Trocki, Carl A. (2007). Prince of pirates: The Temenggongs and the development of Johor and 

Singapore, 1784-1885 (2nd ed.). Singapore: NUS Press. 

Call No.: RSING 959.5103 TRO 

This is the later version to the 1979 edition. Trocki analyses the history of the 

Temenggongs’ relationship with the British in Singapore from 1819 onwards. Trocki 

interpretes the 1823 incident of Farquhar being stabbed by an amok, Sayed Yassin that 

later resulted in a tension between the Malays and the Europeans. 

324. Warm Arab tribute to British Advisers. (1941, May 13). The Straits Times, p. 10. 

� �� 


92 

Upon his return to Singapore after a decade’s absence in Arabia, Syed Ibrahim Alkaff, 

the 17-year old son of S. M. Alkaff, reinforces the local Hadhramaut community’s loyalty 

towards the British.

325. Yegar, Moshe. (1979). Islam and Islamic institutions in British Malaya: Policies and 

implementation. Jerusalem: Magnes Press Hebrew University. 

Call No.: RSING 297.09595 959.5 YEG 

This study explores the policies of the British administration in Malaya in matters of 

Islamic religion and Malay affairs. Although its chief concern is the history of legislation 

on religious issues and the constitutional changes that affected aspects of religious life, 

�� 

chapter “The nature of Malaya’s Islam” and provides some autobiographical accounts of 

�� 

Straits Settlements”. 

3.5 Orientalist scholarship 

326. Berg, Lodewijk Willem Christiaan van den. (1886). �� 

�� 

. Batavia: Impr. du gouvernement. 

Call No.: RRARE 325.25309598 BER 

� �� 

Berg’s seminal work is known for its methodology and vivid description of the history 

and geography of Hadhramaut. This is in spite of the fact that Berg had never visited the 

region. Based on travel literature and interviews of Hadhramis in Batavia, this account 

�� 

Hadhrami Arabs. 

327. Drewes, Gerardus Willebrordus Joannes. (1957). Snouck Hurgronje and the study of Islam. 

�� 

(1), 1-15. 

Call No.: RU R 297 DRE 

Online: http://www.kitlv-journals.nl 

This is a translation of the address delivered on the occasion of commemorating the 

centenary of Snouck Hurgronje’s birth on the 8 th Feb 1857 during the program of the 

University-Day Lectures 1957 at the Municipal Audience Hall, Leiden. 

328. Hurgronje, C. Snouck (Christiaan Snouck). (1924). Verspreide geschriften: Voorzien van een 

�� 

. Bonn und Leipzig: 

Kurt Schroeder. 

Call No.: RU RSEA 297 SNO 

[In Dutch and French] This is a collection of writings by Snouck Hurgronje on the subject 

of Islam, Muslims and Arabs in the Malay Archipelago. 

93


329. Hurgronje, C. Snouck (Christiaan Snouck). (1970). Mekka in the latter part of the 19th 

century: Daily life, customs and learning: The Muslims of the East India Archipelago. Leiden: 

Leiden, Brill. 

Call No.: RSEA/ RCLOS 309.153804 SNO 

In an almost travelogue fashion, Hurgronje weaves the story of everyday lives of Muslims 

in Mekka especially focusing on Muslims that came from this region. The main occupation 

of his study is not on the pilgrimmage (Haj) but on the thousands of “Jawah” or, the 

Mekkans called the “people of East-Indian Archipelago”. These Jawahs stayed in Mekka 

for years for education to return home as instructors of their religion. There are frequent 

mentions of Hadhrami Arabs in this text. 

330. Hurgronje, C. Snouck (Christiaan Snouck). (1985). Orientalism and Islam: The letters 

�� 

. Leiden: 

Documentatiebureau Islam-Christendom, Faculteit der Godgeleerdheid, Rijksuniversiteit. 


[In Arabic, Dutch and German] These are letters from Hurgronje to his teacher and friend 

Theodor Nöldeke. They reveal his innermost thoughts on the subject of Islam, Arabs 

and Indonesia. 

331. Hurgronje, C. Snouck (Christiaan Snouck). (1985). Scholarship and friendship in early 

�� 

Collection of the Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest. Leiden: 

Documentatiebureau Islam-Christendom, Faculteit der Godgeleerdheid, Rijksuniversiteit. 


[In German] This is a complete set of letters by C. Snouck Hurgronje to his Hungarian 

colleague and friend, Ignaz Goldziher (1850-1921). Letters from members of the 

Hurgronje family to the Goldzihers are included in this book. The letters discuss about 

knowledge of Islam and the Arabs in the region. 

332. Hurgronje, C. Snouck (Christiaan Snouck). (1994). �� 

semasa kepegawaiannya kepada pemerintah Hindia Belanda, 1889-1936 (E. Gobée & 

C. Adriaanse, Trans.). Jakarta: [INIS]. 

Call No.: R Malay 320.9598 HUR 

Terjemahan dari buku �� 

, yang 

merakam nasihat-nasihat yang diberikan oleh Hurgronje kepada pihak Belanda dalam 

tahun 1889-1936. 


(Vol. 3). Jakarta: Indonesian-Netherlands Cooperation in Islamic Studies (INIS). 


94 

Buku ini menulis tentang praktisnya hukum-hukum Islam di Indonesia pada zaman 

kolonialisma Belanda di akhir abad ke-19. Turut tersenarai adalah pandangan hukum 

Islam dalam praktek oleh L.W.C. van den Berg pada tahun 1884.


(Vol. 4). Jakarta: Indonesian-Netherlands Cooperation in Islamic Studies (INIS). 


�� 

kedudukan anak-anak wanita Islam pribumi yang dilahirkan di luar nikah mengikut 

hukum. Yang menarik adalah sebuah karangan mengenai perdagangan budak menurut 

laporan seorang Arab di Singapura pada tahun 1891 serta secebis rangkaian mengenai 

�� 

335. Jonge, Huub de. (2002). Contradictory and against the grain: Snouck Hurgronje on the 

Hadramis in the Dutch East Indies (1889-1936). In Huub de Jonge & N. J. G. Kaptein (Eds.), 

Transcending borders: Arabs, politics, trade and Islam in Southeast Asia (pp. 219-234). Leiden: 

KITLV Press. 


These analyses of the writings of Snouck Hurgronje, Arabist and adviser to the Dutch 

colonial authorities on the Hadhramis, reveal Hurgronje’s shifting political stances towards 

the Hadhrami community. Hurgronje’s recommendations, especially those concerning 

the unequal and unjust treatment of the Hadhramis in the Indies and the their inclination 

towards Pan-Islamism, makes him both an advocate and adversary of the community. 

336. Kaptein, N. J. G., & Meij, Dick van der. (Eds.). (1995). Delapan tokoh ilmuwan Belanda bagi 

�� 

. Jakarta: INIS. 


Jilid ini memuatkan riwayat hidup lapan ilmuwan Belanda yang memainkan peranan 

besar dalam pengajian Islam di Indonesia. Mereka adalah Lodewijk Willem Christiaan 

van den Berg (1845-1927), Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje (1887-1936), Phillippus 

Samuel van Ronkel (1870-1954), Douwe Adolf Rinkes (1858-1954), Bertram Johannes 

Otto Schrieke (1890-1945), Theodoor Gauthier Thimas Pigeaud (1899-1988), Hendrik 

Kraemer (1885-1965) serta Gerardus Willebrordus Joanna Drewes (1899-1972). 

337. Stapel, F. W. (Frederik Willem). (1938). Geschiedenis van Nederlandsch Indië: Deel 1. 

Amsterdam: N.V. Uitgeversmaatschappij. 

Call No.: RU RSEA 959.802 GES 

[In Dutch] This is a collection of writings by Dutch Orientalist scholars on the history of the 

Malay Archipelago since prehistorical times. Of particular interest is R. A. Stern’s article 

on Islam in the region. 

95


3.6 Reforms & intellectual networks 

338. Abaza, Mona. (1998). Southeast Asia and the Middle East: Al-Manar and Islamic modernity. In 

Claude Guillot, Denys Lombard, & Roderich Ptak (Eds.), From the Mediterranean to the China 

Sea: Miscellaneous notes (pp. 93-111). Wiesbaden, Germany: Harrassowitz Verlag. 


The author looks at the exchanges and correspondences between the Middle East and 

Southeast Asia in the Al-Manar, an Egyptian magazine that was published in Cairo from 

1896 to 1936. These articles, which showed the communication between the Islamic 

centre in the Middle East and the periphery in Southeast Asia, demonstrate how the 

Islamic community in Indonesia dealt with the issues of modernity through adaptation and 

�� Al-Manar, 

namely Arab situation in Southeast Asia; Islamic educational reform in Indonesia; and 

advice on religious matters. 

339. Azra, Azyumardi�� 

study of Sayyid ‘Uthmân. Studia Islamika, 2(2), 1995. 


This paper deals primarily with some aspects of Sayyid ‘Uthmân’s thoughts as leading 

exponents of Islamic reformism in Indonesia in the late 19th century. He was as one of 

�� 

accomodating policy towards the Dutch, his contribution to Islamic discourse in the region 

cannot be ignored. 


�� Kultur: The Indonesian Journal for Muslim Cultures, 1(1), 91-104. 

Call No.: RSEA 297.09598 K 

�� 

attempt to go against the common tendency in scholarship of focusing on organisations in 

�� 


diaspora. In Umar Ibrahim (Ed.), �� 

�� 

(pp. xixxxvii). 

Bandung: Mizan. 


96 

Kata pengantar yang ditulis oleh Azyumardi Azra dalam karya Umar Ibrahim 

meringkaskan diaspora dan jaringan ulama Hadhrami dalam sejarah Asia Tenggara yang 

mencapai hampir seribu tahun ke dalam tiga period penting. Beliau juga menyentuh 

tentang beberapa tarekat.

342. Azra, Azyumardi. (2004). The origins of Islamic reformism in Southeast Asia: Networks of 

Malay-Indonesian and Middle Eastern ulama in the seventeenth and eighteenth century. 

Crows Nest, NSW: Asian Studies Association of Australia in association with Allen & Unwin and 

University of Hawaii Press. 


�� 

of the global scholarly networks, with particular reference to Malay-Indonesian �� 

and their intellectual inclinations during the 17 th and 18 th centuries. It also deals with 

�� 

and reform to the archipelago. This pioneering study on the origins of the early Islamic 

renewal and reform in the Malay-Indonesian world, draws on sources from Middle East 

such as Arabic biographic dictionaries, thus providing access to a once inaccessible part 

of Malay-Indonesian history. 

343. Bang, Anne K. (2007). Teachers, scholars and educationists: The impact of Hadrami-’Alawi 

teachers and teachings on Islamic education in Zanzibar ca. 1870-1930. Asian Journal of Social 

�� 

(4-5), 457-471. 


Bang traces the role of Hadhrami teachers and scholars on Islamic education in Zanzibar 

between 1870 and 1930. She analyses the different levels of Islamic education and 

�� 

344. Budi Handrianto, & Husaini, Adian. (2007). �� 

sekularisme, pluralisme dan liberalisme agama. Jakarta: Hujjah Press. 

Call No.: R Malay 297.09598 BUD 

�� 

adalah keturunan Arab Hadhrami. 

345. Burhanuddin, Jajat. (2005, February). Aspiring for Islamic reform: Southeast Asian requests for 

fatwas in Al-Manar. Islamic Law & Society, 12(1), 9-26. 

nline: Available from NLB’s e-Resources - Ebscohost Academic Search Premier 

The author examines fatwa requests in the Al-Manar, a reformist journal published in 

Cairo, submitted by three groups of readers in the Malay Archipelago, one of which 

�� 

in these letters, namely: Islam and modernity, religious practices and aspirations for 

�� 

Arabs readers of Al-Manar in Southeast Asia were mainly of Hadhrami descent and 

�� 

discrimination that they experienced under the Dutch colonial rule, and an awareness of 

the developments in religious education in Cairo. He highlights one particular individual, 

�� 

the Al-Bashir. 

97


346. Fadhullah Jamil. (2003). Syed Sheikh Al-Hadi: Pemikirannya terhadap Islam dan perubahan. 

In Sohaimi Abdul Aziz (Ed.), Syed Syeikh Al-Hadi: Cendekia dan sasterawan ulung (pp. 37-57). 

Pulau Pinang: Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia. 

Call No.: R Malay 899.28092 SYE 

Artikel ini lebih terperinci dari yang ditulis oleh penulis di Dewan Sastera (1998, Jun). 

Di sini, beliau mendalami pengalaman Syed Sheikh dalam kegiatan-kegiatan islah. 

Pandangan Syed Sheikh terhadap agama dan perubahan yang dialami oleh masyarakat 

dibincangkan lebih mendalam. 

347. Feener, R. Michael. (2005). Islam and the “Arab network” in early modern history. In Akira Usuki, 

Omar Farouk Bajunid, & Tomoko Yamagishi (Eds.), Population movement beyond the Middle 

East: Migration, diaspora, and network (pp. 147-163). Osaka, Japan: Japan Center for Area 

Studies, National Museum of Ethnology. 

Call No.: RSEA 304.80956 POP 

Using the Al-Nafas Al-Yamani, which contains several accounts of prominent religious 

teachers and writers, the author examines Arab networks of Islamic scholarship in 

Southeast Asia in the 18 th century. 

348. �� . (2009). Sayyid Shaykh Ahmad Al-Hadi’s contributions to Islamic reformism in 

Malaya. In Ibrahim Abushouk Ahmed & Hassan Ahmed Ibrahim (Eds.), The Hadhrami diaspora 

in Southeast Asia: Identity maintenance or assimilation? (pp. 203-223). Leiden; Boston: Brill. 


�� 

�� 

349. Ibrahim bin Abu Bakar. (1994). Islamic modernism in Malaya: The life and thought of Sayid 

Syekh Al-Hadi 1867-1934. Kuala Lumpur: University of Malaya Press. 

Call No.: RSEA 297.6109595 IBR 

This book is about Islamic modernism in Malaya as conceived by Sayid Syekh Ahmad 

Al-Hadi (1867-1934), in relation to ritualism, education, women and politics in Islam. It 

contains a biography of the Sayid Syekh Al-Hadi. This work makes many references to 

published Malay reference works, especially those written by Al-Hadi. 

350. Ismail Hamid. (1986). The earliest centre of Islamic studies in the Malay World. Hamdard 

Islamicus, 9(1), 73-79. 


98 

This is a brief chronological background of early Islamic centres of learning in the Malay 

World. He mentions graduates of these centres.

351. Jamilah Othman. (1987). Sayyid Shaykh Al-Hadi: His role in the transformation of Muslim 

societies in Peninsular Malaya and the Straits Settlements during the latter half of the nineteenth 

and early twentieth centuries. Unpublished academic exercise, National University of Singapore. 


This study is an attempt to have a balanced portrayal of Al-Hadi’s role and contribution. 

It makes an assessment of works by Al-Hadi with particular reference to the reformer’s 

formative period, at a time when tradition and change in Malay Peninsula and the Straits 

Settlements occurred during the later half of the 19 th and early part of the 20 th century. It 

relooks at Al-Hadi’s effectiveness in reforming the Muslim societies. It also focuses on 

factors that determined his reformist orientations, looking into his connections with Riau, 

the Middle East, India and Indonesia. 

352. Mahayudin Haji Yahaya�� 

�� The real cry of Syed Shaykh Al-Hady (pp. 

239-248). Kuala Lumpur: Malaysia Sociological Research Institute. 


�� 

He played a critical role in the improvement of the quality of Islamic education. 

353. Mobini-Kesheh, Natalie. (1997). Islamic modernism in colonial Java: The Al-Irshãd movement. 

In Ulrike Freitag & W. G. Clarence-Smith (Eds.), Hadhrami traders, scholars, and statesmen in 

�� 



Hadhrami merchants in Batavia (Jakarta) established the Arab Society for Reform and 

Guidance (Al-Irshãd) in 1914. It played a crucial role in the Hadhrami community in 

Indonesia during the early decades of the 20th century. This paper presents an overview of 

the association’s growth, ideas, and activities from its establishment until 1942 (which is 

�� 

concerns and activities instead of attempting to provide the comprehensive history 

of Al-Irshãd. 

354. Mobini-Kesheh, Natalie. (1999). The Hadrami awakening: Community and identity in the 

�� 

. Ithaca, N.Y: Southeast Asia Program Publications, 

Southeast Asia Program, Cornell University. 

Call No.: RSEA 959.8022 MOB 

This is a study of the internal transformation of the Hadhrami community in the 

Netherlands East Indies during the early 20th century brought about by the introduction 

of modernity, education and western-styles methods of organisation. The author devotes 

�� 

movement. In her analysis, the author relies on sources such as Malay and Arabic 

newspapers and magazines published by Hadhramis, manuscripts, books, pamphlets, 

�� 

99


355. Mohammad Redzuan Othman. (1994). �� 

�� 

. Unpublished academic exercise, 

University of Edinburgh. 


This explores the development and impact of the Middle East on the Malay society. 

�� 

East in the 1920s and 1930s. Those with sentimental and intellectual links to the region 

often founded these publications. The thesis elaborates the role of the Arabs in bringing 

about social change. The British response to this is a subject of this study. The historical 

�� 

and their early contact with the Middle East. 

356. Mohammad Redzuan Othman�� 

society. �� 

(26-54). Retrieved 

August 12, 2009, from http://myais.fsktm.um.edu.my/5488/1/2_-_Egypts_Religous_and_ 

�� 

From the late 19th to early 20th century, modern Egypt began to emerge as an important 

contributor to the development of religious and intellectual thought in Malay society. 

�� 

earliest Egyptian contributions to this development of its book-publishing industry came 

as a result of its modernisation. The development of this industry began in 1822 when 

Muhammad Ali requested the setting up of a printing press at Bulaq in Cairo. Since the 

late 19th century, a considerable number of religious books used in Islamic teaching all 

over the Malay World were published there. 

357. Ricklefs, M. C. (Merle Calvin). (2009). The Middle East connection and reform and revival 

moments among the putihan in 19 th century Java. In Eric Tagliacozzo (Ed.), Southeast Asia and 

the Middle East: Islam, movement, and the longue durée (pp. 111-134). Singapore: NUS Press. 


Arabs and other international Muslim communities living on the pasisir were important 

in the spread of Islamic reform and revival movements, especially among the emerging 

Javanese middle class. Technology was to accelerate such development as steam travel, 

power of print technology, as well as opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 encouraged 

further increases in pilgrimages from Java. Ricklefs pinpoints that 19 th century Islamic 

reform and revival movements of the Middle East played a decisive role in stimulating 

change within religious circles of Java. 

358. Shahab, Yasmine Zaki. (2005). Sistem kekerabatan sebagai katalistor peran ulama keturunan 

Arab di Jakarta. Antropologi Indonesia, 29(2), 123-141. 


100 

Yasmine melihat peranan ulama keturunan Arab dalam kehidupan beragama di Jakarta 

yang telah melalui perubahan sejak 1960an.

359. Shaharom T. M. Sulaiman. (2003). Jaringan pengaruh luar terhadap pemikiran dan sikap Syed 

Sheikh Al-Hadi: Pemerhatian awal. In Sohaimi Abdul Aziz (Ed.), Syed Syeikh Al-Hadi: Cendekia 

dan sasterawan ulung (pp. 58-72). Pulau Pinang: Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia. 


Bab ini menggambarkan bagaimana pemikir-pemikir dan pengaruh luar mempengaruhi 

Syed Sheikh. 

360. Slama, Martin. (2005, August 26-28). Guidance into modernities: Indonesia’s Al-Irsyad in 

colonial times and in the present. Proceedings of the International Conference on Yemeni- 

Hadramis in Southeast Asia: Identity Maintenance or Assimilation? (pp. 396-408). Kuala Lumpur: 

International Islamic University Malaysia. 

The writer explores the characteristics of Al-Irsyad, namely its orientations towards 

modernity. 

361. Tan, Linda. (1999). Syed Shaykh: His life and times. In Alijah Gordon (Ed.), The real cry of Syed 

Shaykh Al-Hady (pp. 109-162). Kuala Lumpur: Malaysia Sociological Research Institute. 


Although Syed Sheikh was not learned enough in the realm of Muslim theology as his 

contemporaries were (Shaykh/Sheikh Tahir Jalaluddin or Haji Abbas Mohd. Taha), Tan 

postulates that religious reform was nearest to his heart. 

362. Weyland, Petra. (1990, August). International Muslim networks and Islam in Singapore. �� 

Social Issues in Southeast Asia, 5(2), 219-254. 

all No.: RSING 300.5 SSISA 

�� 

Muslim organisation, the All-Malayan Muslim Missionary Society (JAMIYAH) since its 

inception in the 1930s, especially with regards to its connections with the international 

Islamic scene. The study focuses on two time periods, (a) the early decades of the 20th century; and, (b) the period of 1980s. Of particular interest to researchers would be 

�� 

establishing an international Muslim network in Singapore. 

363. Y. A. Talib (Yusof A. Talib). (1990). Munshi Abdullah’s Arab teachers. Journal of the Malaysian 

Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 63(2), 27-34. 


Yusof traces the roots of Munshi Abdullah’s Arab teachers and uncovers the networks of 

Muslim communities, insitutions and cultural centres in the region. 

�� 

364. Alatas, Farid, Syed. (1999). The Tariqat Al-Àlawiyyah and the emergence of the Shiì school in 

Indonesia and Malaysia. Oriente Moderno,18(2), 323-339. 

�� 

also touches on the development of Shi’ism among the Ba’alawi. 

101


365. Alatas, Ismail F. (2005). Land of the sacred, land of the damned: Conceptualizing homeland 

among the upholders of the thariqah ‘Alawiyyah in Indonesia. Antropologi Indonesia, 29(2), 

142-158. 


Previous investigations have focused primarily on political and cultural notions of identity 

as a result of reliance on secular sources. Scant attention is given to the construction 

of the spiritual identity through religious literature such as hagiographies and “spiritual” 

travelogues. This examines a group of Hadhrami scholars, mystics and savants who were 

�� 

order. This article asserts that the thariqah has contributed to the debate on identity 

in Indonesia. 

366. Al-Attas, Muhammad Naguib, Syed. (1963). �� 

practised among the Malays (Shirle Gordon, Ed.). Singapore: Malaysian Sociological Research 

Institute Ltd. 

Call No.: RDTYS/ RCLOS 297.4 ATT 

� �� 

�� 

�� 

Qadiriyyah and Naqshbandiyyah Orders in Malaya. 

367. Arai, Kazuhiro. (2005). Description of Arab saints in the 19 th -20 th century Southeast Asia: A case 

of Taj Al-A Ras. Antropologi Indonesia, 29(2), 114-122. 


Analyses the realm of the power of the Arab saints in the 19th-20th century by discussing 

the way they are presented in the book �� , a bib-hagiographical work written in 

Arabic and published in Indonesia. 

368. Ibrahim Ismail, Engku. (1994). Tarekat tasauf dalam masyarakat Islam di Malaysia. Kuala 

Lumpur: Akademi Pengajian Melayu. 


Engku membincangkan sejarah pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tarekat tasawuf 

sebagai satu pendekatan dalam penghayatan dan pengamalan Islam. Tumpuan diberikan 

kepada perkembangan hidup orang Melayu di Malaysia, terutama yang berkaitan dengan 

tiga aliran tarekat iaitu Qadriyah, Naqshanbandiyah dan Ahmadiyah. 


�� th century. Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic 

Society, 28(1), 70-77. 

Call No.: RCLOS/ RU R 959.5 JMBRAS 

102 

Johns looks at elements of Islamic mystical teaching as it arrived in Sumatra.

370. Mohd. Shaghir Abdullah, Hj. W. (2000).�� 

dunia Melayu. Kuala Lumpur: Khazanah Fathaniyah. 

Call No.: R Malay 297.09598 WAN 

Penulis membicarakan tentang berbagai jenis tarekat yang muncul sejak perkembangan 

Islam di dunia Melayu. Perkara ini dibuktikan melalui tulisan para ulama sejak abad ke- 

16, baik dari Aceh mahupun dari dunia Arab. 

103

4 COMMUNITIES & DIASPORAS 

4.1 Singapore 

371. Alatas, Farid, Syed, Alwiyah Abdul Aziz, Harasha Kalid Bafana, & Heikel Khalid Bafana. 

(1996). Hadhrami identity and the future of Arabs in Singapore. �� 

Arab Association of Singapore, 1(1), 2-3. 


This is a summary of the conference “Singapore Arabs in the 21 st century” held on 20 

August 1995. The article discusses the question of Arab identity, especially issues relating 

to language and education, the role of Arab women in the community and the decline of 

the business presence of Arabs. This article includes photographs of participants 

and presenters. 

372. Albahar, Sharifah Gamar Alam, Altway, Nazrin Ahmad, & Alkaff, Sharifah Faizah Salim. 

(1996). A page from the past. �� 

1(1), 4. 


� �� 

The lifestyle of Arabs a generation ago is described. The details include family life, 

polygamous marriages, the activities of Arab women, the contributions of the Arab men, 

and religious life. 

373. Alkaff, Ummahani Ali. (2008). A portrait of Hadhramis in Singapore and the places they inhabit. 

Unpublished academic exercise, University of London, School of Oriental and African Studies. 

This masters thesis examines the identity of the Hadhramis in Singapore and the places 

�� 

identify places with unique Singaporean Hadhrami identity. 

374. Alsagoff, Hussein Agil. (1986). The Singapore Arabs in transition. In Al-Wehdah Al-Arabiah 

�� 

(pp. 25-26). 

Singapore: Al-Wehdah Al-Arabiah. 


� �� 

Other than providing the background to the Singapore Arabs, he highlights the goals of 

the Singapore Arabs for the future. 

375. Arabs here urged to work with fellow Muslims. (1991, August 5). The Straits Times, p. 19. 

� �� 


104 

Speaking at the ground-breaking ceremony for the Arab Association’s new building, Dr. 

Ahmad Mattar urges the community to reach out to fellow Muslims in Singapore.

376. Heikel Khalid Bafana. (1997). The Singapore Arabs of today. �� 



The author seeks to clarify misconceptions about the local Arabs’ predecessors for 

example, that they were no necessarily well-to-do. He also questions why Arabs today 

have languished despite their initial wealth. 

377. Ho, Engseng. (2007, May 23). A long history of shared interests. The Straits Times, p. 30. 

� �� 


Ho surveys the long relationship the Arabs have had with Singapore and highlights their 

impact on local landscapes and the contributions made by philanthropic Arabs 

in Singapore. 

�� 

Peninsula: Most wealthy community relative to its size in Singapore. (1939, May 23). 


� �� 


�� 

of Arabia and Arabic culture on Malaya”. He begins with the arrival of Arab traders to 

Aceh around the 8th century and subsequently the arrival of Hadhrami missionaries and 

the rise of the Hadhramaut Saiyid families in the 17th and 18th century. Turnbull traces the 

genealogy of famed Arabic families in the East Indies and amongst Malayan royalty. He 

also notes the unique value of the Arabic community in Singapore in spite of its 

small size. 

379. Jumabhoy, R. (Rajabali). (1936, June 9). Arab-Jewish dispute. The Straits Times, 


� �� 


Jumabhoy points the co-existence between Arabs and Jews in harmony in Singapore for 

decades. He advises against publishing correspondences that may “injure feelings”. 

380. Lee, Hsien Loong. (1992, November-December). Honouring the contributions of our smaller 

communities [Speech delivered at the Arab Association’s 46th Anniversary Dinner, November 8, 

1992]. Speeches, 16, 75-79. 

Call No.: RSING 354.5957035 S 

Online: http://stars.nhb.gov.sg/stars/tmp/lhl19921108s.pdf 

Former Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Trade and Industry, Brigadier-General 

(Res) Lee Hsien Loong’s pays tribute to minority groups such as the Arabs, Parsis, 

Armenians and Jews for their contributions to the development of Singapore, and 

highlights the achievements of prominent Arab pioneers in Singapore. 

105


381. Lim, Lu-sia. (1987). The Arabs of Singapore: A sociographic study of their place in the Muslim 

and Malay World of Singapore. Unpublished academic exercise, National University 

of Singapore. 


The author analyses the socio-economic status of Arabs in Singapore. In her study, 

she looks at the erosion of Arab identity brought about by Arab assimilation into Malay 

society and the blurring of distinctions between Malay and Muslim. She also examines 

how government policies towards waqf and changing religious attitudes towards keramatworship, 

have threatened the hitherto high social standing that Arabs have enjoyed with 

the Malays. She ends with a look at how upper-class and English-educated Arabs attempt 

to maintain ethnic boundaries through marriage within the same ethnic group and through 

the institution of the Arab Association. The writer relies on interviews as her main data 

collection method. 

382. Loh, Chee Harn. (1963). The Arab population of Singapore, 1819-1959. Unpublished academic 

exercise, University of Singapore. 


�� 

19th century to the present day. Includes a survey of changes in the size and nature of the 

Arab community from 1825-1957, the causes of these changes as well as the impact of 

this population group on Singapore. 

383. Mandal, Sumit Kumar. (2002). Forging a modern Arab identity in Java in the early twentieth 

century. In Huub de Jonge & N. J. G. Kaptein (Eds.), Transcending borders: Arabs, politics, trade 

and Islam in Southeast Asia (pp. 163-184). Leiden: KITLV Press. 


The author looks at how the development of Arab presses, educational and social 

�� 

identity within the community. These organisations, predicated on Arab leadership, 

�� 

were also precursors of the political party, Partai Arab Indonesia. 

384. Nurfadzilah Yahaya. (2009). Tea and company: Interactions between the Arab elite and the 

British in cosmopolitan Singapore. In Ahmed Ibrahim Abushouk & Hassan Ahmed Ibrahim (Eds.), 




106 

The author argues that cosmopolitan Singapore in the early 20 th century provided an 

outwardly equal platform for Arab elites to interact with the British. She looks at Arab- 

British relations in the areas of social gatherings, business, education, intermarriages, 

and civic involvement. The British generally saw the Arab elites as trusted allies and 

relied on them to maintain control over the local Muslim community in Singapore and to 

facilitate relations with Hadhramaut. She concludes that the Arab elites enjoyed a high 

status in the Singapore society.

385. Nurzan Mohd. Wahie. (1959). The Arabs in Singapore. Unpublished academic exercise, 

University of Malaya. 


This is a study on the life and customs of Arabs in Singapore. The author begins with 

an overview of who the Arabs are, their migration to the East, the population and social 

organisation of Arabs in Singapore from 1834-1947, and the economic spheres in which 

they operated in. In the ensuing chapters, he looks at the customs of marriage and 

divorce, birth and childhood, parenthood, business - in particular kinship in business, 

charitable and religious activities as practiced by the local Arab community. He concludes 

with a look at the role of the Singapore Arab woman in society. 

386. Omar Farouk Bajunid. (1996). The Arabs in Singapore. �� (50th anniversary issue), 53. 


Omar gives a summary of the role of the Arabs in Singapore and Southeast Asia on the 

occasion of the 50th anniversary of the Arab Association of Singapore. 

387. Oral History Centre. (1981, June 24). �� 

[Transcript 

of Cassette Recording No. 000074]. Retrieved November 11, 2008, from http://www.a2o.com.sg 

References to the Arab community in Singapore are made in this interview with 

Singapore Indian pioneer, Rajabali Jumabhoy. A brief description of the Alkaff Estate 

(reel 4) and the wealth of the leading Arab families (reel 26) in Singapore is given. 

388. Oral History Centre. (1983?). �� 

Rahman [Transcript of Cassette Recording No. 000386]. Retrieved November 11, 2008, from 

http://www.a2o.com.sg 

An interview with the descendent of Syed Omar bin Ali Aljunied, who built the Masjid 

Omar mosque. In the interview, she describes the customs, traditions and lifestyles of 

Arab women in Singapore. The interview is conducted in Malay. 


[Transcript of Cassette Recording No. 000320]. Retrieved November 11, 2008, from 

http://wwwa2o.com.sg 

The interviewee discusses about Arabic and religious education in Singapore, and the 

social responsibilities of the Arab community in Singapore. The interview is conducted 

in English. 

390. Oral History Centre. (1983, December 12). Oral history interview with Awad bin Diab [Transcript 

of Cassette Recording No. 000377]. Retrieved November 11, 2008, from http://www.a2o.com.sg 

The interviewee describes the various Arab clans and social organisations in Singapore. 

He also shares his views about the adoption of Malay lifestyle and customs by local 

Arabs, the erosion of Arab culture and the weakening of social ties with Hadhramaut. 

107


391. Oral History Centre. (1996). Alsagoff, Syed Ali Redha. In Communities of Singapore: 

A catalogue of oral history interview: Part 3: Malays (p. 21). Singapore: Oral History Department. 

Call No.: RSING 959.57 COM 

In this summary record of an oral history interview carried out by the Oral History Centre 

of the National Archives of Singapore, the interviewee, who is of Arab descent, relates his 

early life, education, and businesses in retail provision and real estate. He also describes 

the Arab community in Singapore and his various contributions to community and charity 

organisations such as the Lembaga Biasiswa Kenangan Maulud and Mendaki. He 

ends his recollections with his involvement in the composition of the Singapore National 

Anthem. The interview is conducted in Malay. 

392. Roff, William R. (1964, November). The Malayo Muslim world of Singapore at the close of the 

nineteenth century. Journal of Asian Studies, 24(1), 75-90. 

Call No.: RU R 950.05 FEQ 


The article describes the community under the term Malayo-Muslim with particular 

emphasis on the Arabs. It captures their origins, their involvement in pilgrimage 

arrangements, their reasons for coming to Singapore, their involvement with the 

�� 

the dramatic growth of Singapore in the later part of the 19th century. 

393. Roff, William R. (2002). Murder as an aid to social history: The Arabs in Singapore in the early 

twentieth century. In Huub de Jonge & N. J. G. Kaptein (Eds.), Transcending borders: Arabs, 



Roff studies the power struggles of the Singapore Arab community in the early 20 th 

century through the murder trial of Sayyid Muhammad ibn Aqil ibn Yahya, a leading pro- 

British Arab in the Malay Peninsula and the Netherlands East Indies. 

394. Silm, Bouchaib. (2007). �� 

[Singapore in the eyes of the Arabs]. 

Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. 

Call No.: RSING 959.57 SIL-[HIS] 

[In Arabic] This book describes Singapore’s history, Arabs and Islam in Singapore, 

�� 

to tourism in Singapore like, the Shangri-la hotel, the National Library, the Singapore 

Zoo and the Esplanade. Furthermore, a chapter is dedicated to illustrating the medical 

industry in Singapore. 

395. “Southern Cross”. (1908). The Al Belkoff murder mystery. In Tales of Malaya (pp. 187-202). 

Penang: [s.n.]. 

Call No.: RRARE M823.9 SOU 

� �� 

Online: http://sgebooks.nl.sg/opendoc.aspx?doc=shc/nlbhb/020002723.pdf 

108 

A thinly disguised short story based on the murder of the former President of the Arab 

�� 

��

396. Talib, Ameen Ali. (1993, December 7). Way to attract more Muslim talent. The Straits Times, 

Forum, p. 29. 

� �� 


With reference to Lee Kuan Yew’s recent speech at the Second World Entrepreneurs 

�� 

assimilation of Muslim migrants to Singapore. He uses the local Arab community as a 

case study, looking at factors such as religion, culture, language and kinship ties. 

397. Talib, Ameen Ali. (1995, November). Hadramis in Singapore. The British-Yemeni Society. 

Retrieved August 12, 2009, from http://www.al-bab.com/bys/articles/talib95.htm 

The article contains three parts: (i) an overview on the history of Hadhrami migration to 

Singapore; (ii) an analysis on the factors leading to Arab loss of their waqf properties; 

and, (iii) issues on the evolution and maintenance of Arab identity. This is an earlier 

version of the author’s full paper published in Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs in 1997. 

398. Talib, Ameen Ali. (1997). Hadramis in Singapore. Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, 17(1), 

89-96. 


This article paper provides an overview on the Hadhrami community in Singapore. It 

begins with a brief introduction on the history of Hadhrami migration to Singapore, the 

early pioneers of the Aljunied, Alkaff and Alsagoff families, as well as their estates and 

properties. The second part of the paper explores the factors that led to the decline of 

waqf ownership by Arabs and the effects of this loss. The third portion of the paper looks 

at the weakening of cultural ties with Hadhramaut experienced by later generations of 

Hadhramis. It concludes with a look at the identity crisis that is facing the community 

today as it becomes assimilated into the Malay community. 

399. Talib, Ameen Ali, Talib, Helmi, & Talib, Khaled. (1992). Arabs in Singapore: A vision for 

the future. Singapore: s.n. 


In the face of increasing assimilation into the Malay community, the authors suggest 

ways in which the local Arab community can preserve its culture, language and identity. 

These include greater Arab participation in national events, the establishment of an Arabic 

Language Centre, and encouraging the young to attend religious studies and to join the 

Arab Association. 

400. Talib, Khaled. (1995, June 8). Singapore Arabs’ search for identity leads them to their ancestral 

home. The Straits Times, Life!, p. 17. 

� �� 


The article examines the motivations behind local Arabs’ desire to return to South Yemen 

in search of their roots. Insights from Syed Farid Alatas, a sociologist and from Mohamed 

�� 

in Singapore as well as in Yemen that may have contributed to this movement. 

109


401. Tisdall, Charles. E. G. (1918, January). Singapore as a centre for Moslem work. 

The Moslem World, 8(1), 7-9. Retrieved August 12, 2009, from 

http://www.archive.org/stream/muslimworld08hartuoft/muslimworld08hartuoft_djvu.txt 

4.2 Malaysia 

Tisdall propagates the start of a mission to the Malays, using Singapore as a centre for 

missionary activities. 

402. Abdul Rahman Tang Abdullah. (2009). Arab Hadhramis in Malaysia: Their origins and 

assimilation in Malay society. In Ibrahim Abushouk Ahmed & Hassan Ahmed Ibrahim (Eds.), 




The author looks at the role that genealogy plays in the social and religious organisation 

of Hadhrami and Muslim communities in Malaysia. It also examines the nature of 

Hadhrami assimilation with Malay society, as well as the issues arising from 

this integration. 

403. Ahmad, Omar Farouk Shaeik. (1978). The Arabs in Penang. Malaysia in History, 21(2), 1-16. 


This article begins with a historical overview on the settlement and development of the 

Arab community in Penang. It looks at the contributions and impact that they have made 

in the areas of commerce, religion and education in Penang and Southeast Asia. It ends 

with an assessment on state of the community in Penang, and an observation that the 

Arab community has managed to retain its unique cultural identity while maintaining close 

relations with the Malay/Muslim population in Penang. 

404. Mahayudin Haji Yahaya. (1984). �� 

. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa 

dan Pustaka Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia. 

Call No.: R Malay 301.4519270595113 MAH 

110 

Buku ini menyelidiki asal-usul keturunan orang Arab di Pahang serta menjejaki 

penghijrahan mereka ke Pahang. Mahayudin menerangkan komposisi keturunan mereka 

dan penempatan mereka di Pahang. Penyelidikan beliau mengenai kedudukan kaum 

Syed di Pahang dari aspek agama, sosial, ekonomi dan politik membantu ahli sejarah 

membuat gambaran yang lebih terperinci mengenai sumbangan masyarakat Arab kepada 

negeri Pahang. Karya ini mengandungi gambar-gambar personaliti Syed yang terkemuka 

di Pahang serta salasilah keluarga mereka.

405. Martin, Pierre. (1963).�� 

. Paris: Centre de hautes études 

administratives sur l’Afrique et l’Asie modernes. 


� �� 

�� 

Singapore and Malaya. He traces the waves of migration of Arabs into Malaysia, their 

�� 

movement and the language in the area. 

406. Mohd Sohaimi Esa. (1999). �� 

. Kota Kinabalu: 

Gayawara. 

Call No.: RSEA/ R Malay 305.89270595 MOH 

Buku ini tertumpu pada penglibatan orang Arab dalam ekonomi negeri Johor pada tahun 

1862 hingga 1942 sepanjang zaman penjajahan British. Penulis menceritakan tentang 

penghijrahan orang Arab ke Nusantara. Tumpuan diberikan kepada orang Arab di Johor 

dari segi keturunan, budaya dan taburan penduduk, kegiatan sosial dan ekonomi. 

407. Omar Farouk Bajunid. (2005). The Arab networks in Southeast Asia: The case of Penang. In 

Akira Usuki, Omar Farouk Bajunid, & Tomoko Yamagishi (Eds.), Population movement beyond 

the Middle East: Migration, diaspora, and network (pp. 185-210). Osaka, Japan: Japan Center 

for Area Studies, National Museum of Ethnology. 


This article examines Arab identity, ethnicity, and networks in Penang. Omar begins 

with a short discussion on who the Arabs are, while providing a background of the Arab 

community in Penang and its social organisation since the settlement’s founding in 1786. 

In the third part of his paper, he looks at local Arab community’s connections with the 

larger Malay World and Hadhramaut, and notes that these ties are maintained through 

�� 

Arabs in Penang from data drawn from a questionnaire survey administered on 42 Arabs 

in August and September 1997. The survey collected information such as the family/clan 

backgrounds, social networks, and ethnic sentiments. 

408. Sharifah Zaleha Syed Hassan. (2004). History and the indigenization of the Arabs in Kedah, 

Malaysia.�� 

�� 

(3), 401-424. 


The article looks at the problem of identity that confronted the Arabs in the state of Kedah 

in Malaysia. She argues that when the Arabs in the state made the transition to become 

Malays in the colonial period, it was to claim their privileged status in the Malay society. 

After independence, the new generation of Arabs was careful to downplay any status 

differences and externalize values of equality as a demonstration of their loyalty to the 

�� 

or phenotypic features, their assimilation into Malay society had been so strong that to 

ascribe Arabness to them is now an anomaly. 

111


409. Sharifah Zaleha Syed Hassan. (2005, August 26-28). History and the indigenization of the 

Arabs in Kedah, Malaysia. Proceedings of the International Conference on Yemeni-Hadramis in 

Southeast Asia: Identity Maintenance or Assimilation? (pp. 40-67). Kuala Lumpur: International 

Islamic University Malaysia. 

4.3 Indonesia 

�� 

Kedah. This is followed by analyses of factors that contributed to the emergence of the 

�� 

This is followed by an examination of what indigenisation entails at different points of 

Kedah’s history and what this means for the role and identity of the Arabs through 

these times. 

410. Ahmad, Hisyam. (1977). Masyarakat keturunan Arab di kota Pekalongan. Bandung: Lembaga 

Kebudayaan Universitas Padja djaren Bandung. 


Memperkatakan tentang sejarah kedatangan orang Arab ke kota Perkalongan, 

merangkumi aspek pendidikan, bahasa, ekonomi serta perhubungan sosial mereka 

dengan orang Jawa yang merupakan majoriti penduduk Indonesia. 

411. Arai, Kazuhiro. (2005, August 26-28). Arabs in Java during the Japanese Occupation, 1942- 

1945: Image of the Arabs in the eyes of the Japanase. Proceedings of the International 

Conference on Yemeni-Hadramis in Southeast Asia: Identity Maintenance or Assimilation? 

(pp. 315-334). Kuala Lumpur: International Islamic University Malaysia. 

This article discusses the position of the Arabs in the Java society during the Japanese 

Occupation through the analysis of three historical texts. 

412. Clarence-Smith, W. G. (1998). The Arab’s economic roles of the Arab community in Maluku, 

1816 to 1940. Indonesia and the Malay World, 26(74), 32-49. 


112 

This is a study of Arab economic prowess in Maluku during the third quarter of the 19 th 

century, and the factors of its decline. The Arabs was an early entrant in the Maluku 

market and established a foothold in the areas of the local trading of textiles, commodity 

exports, pearling, shipping and moneylending. However they soon faced stiff competition 

from Dutch, Chinese and Japanese businesses and began losing economic ground from 

the 1880s.

413. Ellen, Roy. (1996). Arab traders and land settlers in the Geser-Gorom Archipelago. Indonesia 

�� , 237-252. 

Call No.: RSEA 959.8 IC 

This is an ethnographic study on Arab traders and land settlers in the eastern Indonesia 

- the data of which were collected from the life stories and genealogies of the present 

generation of Arab descendents. Though the Arabs achieved economic dominance in the 

areas of trading, pearling and agriculture during the late 19 th century, the author found 

that this position has not been sustained till today. Present Indonesians of Arab descent 

are mainly engaged in small-scale retail provision trade and cultivation of cash crops. 

414. Hamad, Ibnu. (2005). Nalar Arab dalam masyarakat Indonesia: Dulu, kini dan esok. Antropologi 

Indonesia, 29(2), 198-206. 


Membincangkan tentang kekayaan nalar Arab Indonesia yang dipengaruhi oleh dunia 

Arab dan Barat. Cara kehidupan Arab Indonesia mencerminkan orientasi mereka 

mahupun secara individu, kelompok atau organisasi. 

415. Heuken, Adolf. (1996). Arab landowners in Batavia/Jakarta. Indonesia Circle, 68, 65-74. 


The author’s investigation into land ownership by Arabs in Batavia shows that despite 

popular belief that the majority of Arabs were large estate owners, according to 

government statistics of the 19 th �� th century, only a few Arabs owned 

property, and these estates were mainly acquired for rental income. 

416. Jacobsen, Frode F. (Frode Fadnes)�� 

present Hadrami Arab societies in central and eastern Indonesia. Asian Journal of Social 

�� 

(4-5), 472-487. 


Looks at recent marriage patterns among Hadhramis in some central and eastern 

Indonesian towns. 

417. Jacobsen, Frode F. (Frode Fadnes). (2009). Hadrami Arabs in present-day Indonesia: An 

Indonesian-oriented group with an Arab signature. London; New York, NY: Routledge. 

Call No.: RSEA/ R 305.89275330598 JAC 

Focuses on social and cultural trends in present-day Hadhrami Arab societies in Eastern 

and Central Indonesia. The story of Hadhramis in Indonesia has been a story of success 

in terms of trade, politics, education and religious spheres. Although some important 

academic works have been published on the history of Arab migration to Indonesia and 

their integration into the Indonesian society, less is known about the present-day Arab 

�� 

Eastern and Central Indonesia from 1999 to 2001, this book aims at contributing a small 

but steadily increasing pool of ethnographic studies and at providing insights into some 

�� 

113


418. Jonge, Huub de. (2000). A divided minority: The Arabs of Batavia. In C. D. Grijns & P. Nas 

(Eds.), Jakarta-Batavia: Socio-cultural essays (pp. 143-156). Leiden: KITLV Press. 

Call No.: RSEA 959.822 JAK 

�� 

hierarchical order of Hadhrami, and modern ideas of equality that were propagated by 

Ahmad Surkati and adopted by socially mobile Arab immigrants of the lower classes. 

419. Noer, Deliar. (1973). The Arab community. In The modernist Muslim movement in Indonesia 

�� (pp. 56-69). Singapore; New York: Oxford University Press. 

Call No.: RSEA 297.197709598 NOE 

The author provides a brief introduction to the Arab community in Indonesia, and 

describes two associations, the Djamiat Chair and the Al-Irsjad which were closely 

associated with the Arabs. 

420. Patji, Abdul Rachman. (1982). Asimilasi golongan etnis Arab: Suatu studi lapangan di 

Kelurahan Ampel Surabaya. Surabaya: Pusat Latihan Penelitihan Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, 

Universitas Airlangga. 


Penulis membicarakan tentang kedatangan orang Arab terawal di Indonesia, assimilasi 

golongan etnis Arab di Surabaya serta penyebaran agama Islam di rantau Indonesia. 

Menggunakan konsep assimilasi yang diketengahkan oleh Milton Gordon, penulis 

menerangkan masalah assimilasi orang Arab di Surabaya. Beliau juga menyebut Syekh 

Awad Bobsaid atau dikenali sebagai “Syed Awal” kerana Syekh merupakan pendatang 

Arab yang pertama di Surabaya yang berasal dari Kota Hainan. 

421. Slama, Martin. (2005). Indonesian Hadhramis and the Hadhramaut: An old diaspora and its new 

connections. Antropologi Indonesia, 29(2), 107-113. 


Slama gives a brief overview of the main phase of diaspora formation and discusses its 

development in post-colonial times, especially after the end of the Cold War. He focuses 

on the Indonesian Hadhramis’ relations with Hadhramaut and their views of Hadhramaut. 

422. Umar Faridz El-Hamdy. (2005, August 26-28). The role of the Hadramis in socio-political life of 

Indonesia. Proceedings of the International Conference on Yemeni-Hadramis in Southeast Asia: 

Identity Maintenance or Assimilation? (pp. 7-23). Kuala Lumpur: International Islamic 


114 

This article reviews the political activities of the Arab Hadhramis in Indonesia, which were 

said to acknowledge them as fellow Arabs than Indonesians by the natives.

423. Van der Kroef, Justus Maria. (1953). The Arabs in Indonesia. Middle East Journal, 7(3), 

300-323. 

Call No.: RU R 327.56 MEJ 

The author provides an overview of the Arabs in Indonesia from the 10th century to mid- 

20th century. He begins with a demographic survey of the Arab population in the 19th and mid-20th century, which showed a growth in numbers for which the author attributes 

to natural increase as opposed to migration. He then delves into the historic and social 

�� 

�� th century to the mass migration of 

Arabs in the 19th century. This is followed by observations on class and social distinctions 

of the Arab community in Indonesia, and the assertion of Arab group identity and 

consciousness during the 1930s-1940s. He also looks at the economic and religious life 

of the Arabs in Indonesia, and provides his views on what he regards as the exploitative 

usurious and hiring practices of the Arabs. 

424. Van der Kroef, Justus Maria. (1954-1956). Indonesia in modern world (Part I, pp. 250-274). 

Bandung: Printed by M. Baru. 

Call No.: RU RSEA 991 VAN 

�� 

the Middle East Journal. Its main points have been summarised in this bibliography. See 

entry under 423. 

425. Van der Kroef, Justus Maria. (1955). The Indonesian Arabs. Civilisations, 5(3), 15-24. 


The author gives an overview on the Arab community in Indonesia. He begins with 

a brief summary of their population size and growth, before moving on to describe 

their migratory history, social organisation, and involvement in Indonesian politics and 

commercial life. 

426. Vuldy, Chantal. (1985). Le communaute arabe de Pekalongan.�� , 95-119. 


[In French] This reviews the important presence of the descendants of Arab Peranakan 

families in a town like Pekalongan. The article looks at the role the Arabs play in the 

economic, religious and social life of the city. It also traces the historical development of 

the Arab community of Pekalongan and the Arab specialisation of the textile industry 

in Pekalongan. 

115


4.4 Others 

427. Ewald, Janet, & Clarence-Smith, W. G. (1997). The economic role of the Hadhrami diaspora in 

the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden, 1820s to 1930s. In Ulrike Freitag & W. G. Clarence-Smith (Eds.), 

�� 

(pp. 281-296). 

Leiden Koninklijke Brill. 


This chapter posits how well-established Hadhrami communities paved the way for a 

new wave of Hadhrami emigration to Saudi Arabia after World War II. This chapter also 

illustrates the role they played in the new development. 

428. Hartwig, Friedhelm. (2000). �� 

�� 

. Würzburg: Ergon Verlag. 


[In German] This tells the story of the migration of Hadhrami families to Hyderabad, 

�� 

from end of 15th century to the 1900s. The second part searches the relationships of the 

Hadhrami diasporas in India since 1500s. The third component describes the migration of 

the Hadhrami soldiers into India as a result of the Anglo-British expansion during 

1800-1900. 

429. Kagabo, José Hamim. (1988). Les réseaux marchands arabes et Swahili en Afrique orientale. 

In Denys Lombard & Jean Aubin (Eds.), �� 

�� 

(pp. 237-252). Paris: École des Hautes 

Études en Sciences Sociales. 


[In French] This article discovers the presence of the Arabs in the corner of Africa during 

the international opening of the continent. 

430. Khalidi, Omar. (1997). The Hadhrami role in the politics and society of colonial India, 

1750s-1950s. In Ulrike Freitag & W. G. Clarence-Smith (Eds.), Hadhrami traders, scholars, and 

�� 

(pp. 67-81). Leiden Koninklijke Brill. 


116 

India and Arabia have been in contact with each other since time immemorial. Arabic 

sources speak invitingly of the hospitality of the Gujarati and Deccani Muslim royal 

courts when they host members of their highly esteemed Hadhrami sayyid families. The 

immigration of the Hadhrami sayyid families was said to be gradual, sporadic, small-scale 

�� 

migration plays in colonial India’s politics and society. This includes a map of India.

431. Khalidi, Omar. (2004). Sayyids of Hadhramaut in early modern India. Asian Journal of Social 

�� 

(3), 

329-352. 


When the sayyids of Hadhramaut migrated to India, they came with three advantages; 

�� 

daughter, Fatimah. The third was discovered upon arrival. In parallel comparison to 

Brahmins’ status within the caste system, sayyids were at the top of the Muslim social 

�� 

ritual purity, reincarnation, or Hindu beliefs of karma and samskara. This means that there 

were opportunities for upward social mobility for “low status” Muslims than for similar 

groups of Hindus. This essay looks into the role of the Hadhramis in different parts of 

India such as Delhi, Gujarat, Deccan, Belgaum, Hyderabad and Malabar, Kerala. 

432. Le Guennec-Coppens, Francoise. (1997). Changing patterns of Hadhrami migration and social 

integration in East Africa. In Ulrike Freitag & W. G. Clarence-Smith (Eds.), Hadhrami traders, 

�� 

(pp. 157-174). Leiden: 

Koninklijke Brill. 


�� 

communities in East Africa. The author describes the mode of migration of the Hadhramis 

and their integration into the local populations through their matrimonial strategies, 

religious and economic activities. This includes the map of East Africa. 

433. M. H. Alias. (2007). Mappila Muslims and the cultural content of trading Arab diaspora on the 

Malabar coast. �� 

(4-5), 434-456. 


Hadhrami Arabs’ presence in the Malabar presence can be traced before the birth and 

spread of Islam. This looks at the contributions of the Hadhrami diaspora in shaping the 

culture of the Mappila Muslims. 

434. Manger, Leif O. (2007). Hadramis in Hyderabad: From winners to losers. Asian Journal of Social 

�� 

(4-5), 405-433. 


�� 

Hadhramis in Hyderabad before the merger with India in 1948 are outlined, particularly 

�� 

time. This was to change with the take-over of the Indian government. During this period, 

the fortunes of the Hadhrami changed as well as their identity. These were to undergo 

another major change in the 1970s when the labour migration to the Gulf brought some 

profound changes. 

117


435. Mohd. Mohiyuddin Mohd. Sulaiman. (2005, August 26-28). Reverend shadows of holy images: 

Arabs of Burma. Proceedings of the International Conference on Yemeni-Hadramis in Southeast 

Asia: Identity Maintenance or Assimilation? (pp. 68-95). Kuala Lumpur: International Islamic 


118 

This traces the presence of Arabs in Burma’s history. Of interest are the images of Arabs 

in the Burmese imagination and their impact on Burma since the 16th century.

5 LECTURES & ESSAYS, LITERARY ARTS 

AND COMMERCIAL PUBLICATIONS 

5.1 Lectures & essays 

436. Alatas, Hussein, Syed. (1973, Ogos 17). Mustahakkah semua alat2 badan mesti lengkap jika 

masuk ke kubur? Berita Harian, p. 4. 

� �� 

Profesor Syed Husein Alatas membincangkan isu pembedahan mayat khususnya 

untuk pendermaan organ berdasarkan ayat-ayat Al-Quran, Sunnah Rasul dan 

beberapa pendapat ulama. Penulis tidak setuju dengan fatwa yang dikeluarkan MUIS 

yang menyatakan bahawa menderma organ adalah haram dari segi Islam. Penulis 

membentangkan hujah-hujahnya yang menyokong pendapat bahawa menderma organ 

itu mulia dan dibolehkan dalam Islam. 

437. Alatas, Hussein, Syed. (1986, Julai 10). Kemajuan sains diselewengkan. Berita Harian, 

Cetusan Rasa, p. 4. 

� �� 

Profesor Syed Hussein Alatas membicarakan tentang kesan-kesan penyalahgunaan 

sains yang membawa kemusnahan hidup manusia. 

438. Alatas, Hussein, Syed. (1987, Julai 27). Antara ilmu dunia dengan akhirat. Berita Harian, 

Rencana, p. 4. 

� �� 

Penulis menggalakkan masyarakat Islam supaya mendedahkan diri kepada pelbagai 

ilmu lain, selain ilmu agama sahaja supaya kita boleh lebih berjaya dalam usaha 

melengkapkan pemikiran kita. 

439. Alatas, Hussein, Syed�� Berita Harian, 


� �� 

Profesor Syed Hussein Alatas menulis tentang latar belakang Al-Haitham sebagai 

�� 

440. Alatas, Hussein, Syed. (1987, September 10). Ibn Sina perkaya dua bidang ilmu. Berita Harian, 


� �� 

Profesor Syed Hussein Alatas menulis tentang latar belakang Ibn Sina dan kajiannya 

dalam bidang perubatan yang dijadikan bahan rujukan ramai pengkaji sains 

masa lampau. 

119

5 Lectures & Essays, Literary Arts And Commercial Publications 

441. Alatas, Hussein, Syed. (1987, Oktober 29). Al-Battani terangi ilmu matematik. Berita Harian, 


� �� 

Profesor Syed Hussein Alatas menulis mengenai sejarah hidup Al-Battani dan 

kecenderungannya terhadap bidang matematik. 

442. Aljunied, Syed Haroon Mohamed. (1974). Social background and representation in the higher 

civil service in Malaysia and Singapore. Unpublished academic exercise, University of Malaya. 


Study is focused on the social background and representation of the higher civil servants 

in Singapore and Malaysia. The survey data showed the extent of the difference in the 

representation, in terms of demographic, language, regional and socio-economic factors 

of the higher civil service in the two countries differed. He concludes that the higher civil 

service is not much different from other countries in terms of their socio-economic 

make-up. 

443. Alwi bin Sheikh Alhady�� 

mempunyai alasan. Berita Harian, p. 6. 

� �� 

Alwi bin Sheikh Al-Hady menyuarakan keprihatinan beliau terhadap sesetengah kaum 

Islam yang memecah-belahkan umat Islam yang lain. 

444. Ancaman utama dlm pencemaran bahasa. (1982, September 6). Berita Harian, p. 3. 

� �� 

Profesor Syed Hussein Alatas, Ketua Jabatan Pengajian Melayu di Unversiti Nasional 

Singapura berpendapat bahawa kurangnya golongan yang berani membahas dan 

menentang pencemaran dalam penggunaan bahasa merupakan salah satu ancaman 

utama yang kini dihadapi oleh Bahasa Melayu. Dalam ceramahnya yang berjudul 

“Peranan Bahasa dan Kebudayaan Melayu dalam Rangka Pembangunan Masyarakat”, 

beliau menekankan bahawa masalah pencemaran bahasa memang sudah wujud di 

kalangan masyarakat Melayu. 

445. Bentok sa-mula masharakat Islam: Al-Attas. (1971, September 11). Berita Harian, p. 1. 

� �� 

Semasa ceramah mengenai “Islam dan Cherdek Pandai” di Universiti Malaya Singapura, 

Profesor Syed Hussein Alatas menyatakan bahawa masyarakat Islam harus dibentuk 

semula dan fahaman mengenai Islam harus dipertingkatkan di kalangan orang-orang 

bukan Islam. 

446. Ceramah Al-Atas. (1968, Ogos 28). Berita Harian, p. 2. 

� �� 

120 

Profesor Dr Syed Hussein Alatas memberikan ceramah yang berjudul “Pendidikan dan 

kemajuan orang-orang Melayu”.

447. Hadijah Rahmat. (1980, September 29). Peribadi Melayu dan sisa2 penjajahan. Berita Harian, 

p. 4. 

� �� 

Profesor Syed Hussein Alatas menolak kesemua pandangan buruk yang mengatakan 

bahawa orang Melayu malas, lekas puas, dan suka bersenang-senang dalam bukunya 

The Myth of Lazy Native, yang merupakan hasil kajian yang mendalam yang dilengkapi 

dengan fakta-fakta sejarah dan sosiologi. 

448. Hasil saranan Siddique. (1987, September 19). Berita Harian, p. 4. 

� �� 

Kebimbangan akan terjadinya satu lagi perang dunia telah mencetuskan idea untuk 

menubuhkan sebuah kumpulan antara agama. Keputusan ini dibuat semasa satu majlis 

jamuan di rumah Syed Ibrahim Omar Alsagoff, yang ketika itu Presiden Persatuan 

Dakwah Islam Seluruh Tanah Melayu (sekarang Jamiyah), dengan kehadiran 40 

pemimpin pelbagai agama di Singapura, termasuk Moulana Abdul Aleem Siddique. 

449. Hilanglah sikap dangkal perasaan. (1986, September 7). Berita Minggu, Rencana, p. 3. 

� �� 

Profesor Syed Hussein Alatas menjelaskan tentang sikap-sikap yang perlu dikikis 

masyarakat Islam demi kemajuan umat Islam. Antaranya adalah sikap dangkal perasaan 

yang dimiliki oleh masyarakat zaman jahiliah. 

450. Islam sebahagian dari identiti orang Melayu. (1987, Disember 23). Berita Harian, p. 8. 

� �� 

Profesor Syed Hussein Alatas menegaskan bahawa masyarakat Melayu tidak pernah 

mendakwa bahawa mereka adalah satu-satunya masyarakat Islam di dunia. Namun, 

berdasarkan sejarah, Islam merupakan sebahagian daripada identiti Melayu. 

451. Jangan kerja satengah hari dalam bulan puasa, kata Alatas. (1970, Januari 9). Berita Harian, 

p. 2. 

� �� 

Profesor Dr Syed Hussein Alatas menyeru masyarakat Islam agar tidak bekerja setengah 

hari pada bulan puasa untuk menjaga maruah orang-orang Islam dan mengelakkan 

anggapan tidak baik terhadap ugama Islam. 

452. M. Guntor Sadali. (1974, Ogos 11). Derma mata: Perbahasan antara MUIS dgn Dr. Syed 

Hussein Alatas dlm bentuk buku. Berita Harian, p. 5. 

� �� 

Buku yang berjudul Biarkan Buta adalah lanjutan daripada perbahasan antara MUIS 

dengan Dr Syed Hussein Al-Attas mengenai isu pendermaan organ yang ditulis oleh 

beliau sendiri. Beliau mengumpulkan semua hujah-hujah MUIS yang dianggap lemah dan 

disertakan juga hujah-hujah beliau. Beliau berpendapat bahawa fatwa yang menyatakan 

pendermaan organ adalah haram akan hanya menyekat umat Islam daripada 

mencapai kemajuan. 

121


453. Melayu tiada contoh untuk jadi ukuran. (1980, Ogos 25). Berita Harian, p. 3. 

� �� 

Profesor Syed Hussein Alatas, Ketua Jabatan Pengajian Melayu di Universiti Nasional 

Singapura menegaskan bahawa satu gejala nyata yang menghambat kemajuan 

masyarakat Melayu adalah tidak adanya tokoh-tokoh daripada golongan masyarakat 

Melayu sendiri yang boleh dijadikan contoh. 

454. Muslim lecturer: Plans for tour of Malaya. (1935, July 29). The Straits Times, p. 5. 

� �� 


The impact of Syed Salim bin Ahmad bin Jindan’s lectures in Singapore and Palembang 

is highlighted. 

455. Pelajar dan politik: Usah diperalat, Alatas beri ingat. (1988, May 5). Berita Harian, Luar Negeri, 

p. 2. 

� �� 

Profesor Syed Hussein Alatas dalam mengatakan bahawa Universiti Malaya (UM) tidak 

akan menghalang pelajarnya daripada menceburkan diri dalam bidang politik, asalkan 

mereka tidak diperalatkan. Ini kerana kegiatan sebegitu dapat mengganggu 

pelajaran pelajar. 

456. Pelajar2 harus punya konsep, kata pensyarah. (1965, Ogos 3). Berita Harian, p. 2. 

� �� 

Syed Naguib Al-Attas, pensyarah Jabatan Pengajian Melayu di Universiti Kebangsaan 

Malaysian (UKM) menggalakkan mahasiswa-mahasiswa untuk memikirkan tentang 

masalah yang dihadapi negara dan cari jalan penyelesaian. 

457. Profesor seru diamal nilai2 kehidupan yg lebih kukuh. (1982, Mac 14). Berita Harian, p. 8. 

� �� 

Dalam satu forum sains untuk penuntut pra-universiti yang bertajuk “Sains dan 

masyarakat”, Profesor Syed Hussein Alatas menekankan bahawa manusia perlu 

membentuk beberapa nilai kehidupan yang tetap dan utuh sebagai panduan dalam 

menghadapi pelbagai cabaran yang muncul akibat perkembangan sains dan teknologi. 

458. Punyai sikap yg betul: Mattar. (1982, Mei 29). Berita Harian, p. 1. 

� �� 

122 

Dr Ahmad Mattar, Pemangku Menteri Hal Ehwal Masyarakat berkata bahawa setiap 

anggota masyarakat Melayu perlu mempunyai sikap yang betul andainya mereka ingin 

maju dalam bidang pendidikan. Ibu bapa serta anak-anak harus bekerjasama untuk 

menuju kejayaan yang ingin dikecapi.

459. Ridhwan Anuar. (1990, Januari 9). “Orang Melayu tidak malas”. Berita Harian, Tren & 

Kegemaran, p. 5. 

� �� 

Penulis buku Mitos peribumi malas, Profesor Syed Hussein Alatas menerangkan 

mengapa peribumi Tanah Melayu, Jawa dan Filipina dianggap pemalas oleh pihak 

penjajah. Beliau sendiri menyangkal kenyataan tersebut kerana mengikut sejarah, 

masyarakat Melayu bukan kaum pemalas malahan mereka melakukan kegiatan seperti 

pertanian dan perdagangan. Di dalam buku ini juga, beliau membidas pandangan dua 

orang penulis Melayu yang mengarang buku mengenai masyarakat Melayu. 

460. Rose Ismail. (1988, Julai 19). Bukti ketinggian intelek Melayu. Berita Harian, p. 8. 

� �� 

Penemuan manuskrip yang mengandungi terjemahan bahasa Melayu �� 

membuktikan bahawa masyarakat Melayu/Islam zaman dahulu mampu mencapai tahap 

intelektualisme yang mengkagumkan. Profesor Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas yang 

fasih dalam banyak bahasa menjelaskan kandungan manuskrip tersebut. 

461. Sheikh bin Ahmad Al-Hadi, Al-Syed. (1999). Syed Shaykh: A selection of his writings. In Alijah 

Gordon (Ed.), The real cry of Syed Shaykh Al-Hady (pp. 163-237). Kuala Lumpur: Malaysia 

Sociological Research Institute. 


21 of Syed Sheikh’s writings are selected from a variety of topics such as women issues, 

Malay’s education, religious reform and Islamic jurisprudence. 

462. Yaakub Rashid. (1977, Jun 22). Keadaan masyarakat Islam di sini jauh lebih baik dari negara 

Islam lain – Prof. Syed Hussein. Berita Harian, p. 8. 

� �� 

5.2 Poetry & literature 

Profesor Syed Hussein Alatas mengatakan keadaan sosio-politik di Singapura lebih 

baik daripada negara lain walaupun pemimpin-pemimpinnya bukan beragama Islam. Ini 

kerana Singapura banyak mengamalkan nilai sosial Islam. 

463. Al-Attas, Muhammad Naguib, Syed. (1968). �� 


Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. 

Call No.: RSEA 899.2300911 ATT 

Al-Attas sets the theory of the origin of the Malay �� , a verse-form composed of four 

lines to a verse having the same end-rhyme. He posits that the Malay sha’ir originated 

from Arabic and Persian �� . These, he reiterates, came to Malay Archipelago via 

�� 

123


464. �� 

. (2004). �� 

�� 

nashar [Hadhramaut Studies and Publishing House]. 


�� 

The book also includes several poems written by him. 

465. Brakel, L. F�� Abr-Nahrain, 9, 1-16. 


Brakel believes that a fresh look at cultural borrowings might produce new results by 

examing how these borrowings are done structurally. He illustrates how classical Malay 

literature in the form of the hikayat, the kitab, the book of adab and the syair owed their 

origins to Persian literature. 

466. Drewes, Gerardus Willebrordus Joannes. (1992). A note on Muhammad Al-Sammãn, his 

writings, and 19th�� 

Archipel, 43, 73-87. 


�� 

attention to the community recital of a litany bearing Muhammad Al-Sammãn’s name 

�� 

attempts to reconstruct its history and its controversial claims amidst strong Arab-Muslim 

orthodoxy in the 19 th century of Indonesia history. 

467. � �� 

��. (1996). �� [Poetical works by Ibn 

�� 

Call No.: R 892.717 HAD 

�� 

Amongst them are about the prophets, religious events and mourning. 

�� The Straits Times, p. 12. 

� �� 


�� 

is Tahsin Alsagoff. She describes her struggles as a woman writer. 

469. Muhammad Ariff Ahmad. (1998). Syarifah. Singapura: Angkatan Sasterawan 50. 

Call No.: RSING 899.283 MUH 

124 

Novel ini mengisahkan tentang seorang wanita Arab yang mengahwini seorang lelaki 

yang bukan Arab. Berdasarkan dari cerpen Syarifah yang disiarkan menerusi Mingguan 

Melayu terbitan Ahad, 24 Februari 1952. Karya ini adalah kisah cinta yang terlarang di 

antara Syarifah Faizah dan Muhammad Hamzah Sarkawi.

470. Sheikh bin Ahmad Al-Hadi, Al-Syed. (1927). Hikayat setia asyik kepada maksyuknya atau 

�� 

(Penggal 1-2). Penang: The Jelutong Press. 

� �� 

Cerita cinta di antara dua insan yang berpendidikan Barat tetapi mempunyai iman yang 

kukuh. Kesucian cinta mereka mempunyai cabaran-cabaran yang berliku yang mampu 

mengguggat keimanan dan kesucian mereka. Hikayat ini sering dikatakan sebagai novel 

Melayu yang pertama. 

471. Sheikh bin Ahmad Al-Hadi, Al-Syed. (1928). Hikayat taman cinta berahi atau mahir Affandi 

�� . Penang: The Jelutong Press. 

� �� 

Pandangan Syed Sheikh tentang wanita, masyarakat, cinta, perkahwinan dan Islam 

terpapar di karya ini. 

472. Sundusia Rosdi. (2010, Januari). Sumbangan cendekiawan peranakan Arab dalam persuratan 

�� 

(4), 4-9. 

Call No.: RSING 027.495957 SNBBA-[LIB] 

Online: http://www.microsite.nl.sg/PDFs/BiblioAsia/BIBA_0504Jan10.pdf 

Penulis membincangkan tentang sumbangan cendekiawan Arab dalam lapangan 

persuratan Melayu seperti bidang kewartawanan, bidang pencetakan serta bidang 

penulisan dari 1900 sehingga 1960an. 

473. Talib, Muna M. (1999). Literature - Ode to a Wadi, a great Wadi. �� 



�� 

from this land. 

�� 

474. Talib Samat. (1992). Syed Syeikh Al-Hadi: Sasterawan progresif Melayu. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan 

Bahasa dan Pustaka. 

Call No.: R Malay 899.2305 TAL 

Mengenai riwayat hidup Syed Sheikh dan cabaran-cabaran yang dihadapinya sebagai 

pemikir reformis Tanah Melayu yang terawal. Pengarang mengemukakan karya-karya 

yang mengecapnya sebagai “sasterawan progresif Melayu”. 

475. Talib Samat. (1998, Jun). Syed Sheikh Al-Hadi: Kehidupan dan pandangan hidupnya yang 

terpancar dalam karya sastera. Dewan Sastera, 6(28), 14-20. 

Call No.: R Malay q899.2305 DS 

�� 

dalam masyarakat Melayu terutama sekali dari segi pandangan masyarakat Melayu 

terhadap kesucian agama Islam. 

125


476. Talib Samat. (2003). Syed Sheikh Al-Hadi: Kehidupan dan pandangan hidupnya yang 

terpancar dalam karya sastera. In Sohaimi Abdul Aziz (Ed.), Syed Syeikh Al-Hadi: Cendekia dan 

sasterawan ulung (pp. 73-98). Pulau Pinang: Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia. 


Artikel ini lebih panjang dari artikel yang ditulis oleh Talib Samat di Dewan Sastera (1998, 

�� worldview) Syed Sheikh 

yang terungkap jelas dalam karya-karya sastera yang dihasilkannya. 

477. Yahaya Ismail. (1974, November). Syed Sheikh Al-Hadi: Pembuka zaman baru dalam bidang 

novel. Dewan Bahasa, 18, 549-576. 


�� 

oleh penulis melalui artikel ini. Menurut beliau, Hikayat Faridah Hanum bukanlah novel 

pertama dalam bahasa Melayu tetapi merupakan proto-novel yang membolehkan 

lahirnya novel Melayu yang pertama iaitu Kawan Benar karangan Ahmad bin Haji 

Muhammad Rashid Talu. 

478. Zaini-Lajoubert, Monique. (2001). Rocambole dalam bahasa Melayu: Satu kajian awal. Sari, 

19, 35-48. 

Call No.: RSEA 959.5 S 

Racambole adalah sebuah cerita Perancis bersambung karya Ponson du Terrail (1829- 

1871). Siri cerita ini sangat popular pada masa itu sehingga ia diterjemahkan ke dalam 

bahasa-bahasa yang lain, termasuk bahasa Melayu. Kedua-duanya belum dikaji secara 

mendalam. Karya ini telah diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Melayu oleh Syed Sheikh bin 

Syed Ahmad Al-Hadi. 

5.3 Print, publishing & broadcasting 

479. Abu Bakar Hamzah. (1991).�� 


Pustaka Antara. 

Call No.: RSING 059.9923 ABU 

An organ for the fundamentalist efforts in the Malay World, Al-Imam documents the active 

�� 

founding of Al-Imam, its aims and objectives as well as the guiding personalities behind 

the magazine. 

480. Abushouk, Ahmed Ibrahim. (2007). Al-Manar and the Hadhrami elite in the Malay-Indonesian 

world: Challenge and response. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 17(3), 301-322. 

Call No.: R 950.072041 JRASGB 

126 

�� Al-Manar, an Arabic religious periodical 

published in Cairo, on Hadhramis in the Malay World. The journal was a channel for the 

dissemination of Islamic reformist ideas and was critical towards the blind adherence to 

�� 

marriage within the same social class.

481. Abushouk, Ahmed Ibrahim. (2009). Al-Manar and the Hadhrami elite in the Malay-Indonesian 

world: Challenge and response. In Ahmed Ibrahim Abushouk & Hassan Ahmed Ibrahim (Eds.), 




�� Al-Manar, an Arabic and reformist 

journal founded in Cairo in 1898, had on Hadhrami elites in the Malay-Indonesian world. 

He also discusses how these ideas were propagated through Hadhrami organisations, 

schools, press and grassroots communities, and the role that the journal played in paving 

the way for a revivalist and modernist Islamic movement. 

482. Alsagoff, H. A. (1953, November 7). Two burned papers reply... The Straits Times, p. 12. 

� �� 


�� 

magazine Qalam and the biweekly newspaper Warta, remain non-partisan and anticommunist. 

They assert that they may make critical comments especially in exposing 

communist values. 

483. Alsagoff, Syed Ibrahim Omar. (1936, October). An appeal to the Muslim world. Genuine Islam, 

34-35. 

Call No.: RRARE 297.05 GI 

� �� 

Alsagoff calls for the establishment of Muslims institutions as well as the preaching 

of Islam to non-Muslims. Syed Ibrahim also states his motivations to publish Genuine 

Islam as an organ of the All-Malaya Missionary Society. Syed Ibrahim is the patron and 

publisher of Genuine Islam. 

484. Arab leaving on world tour. (1938, March 27). The Straits Times, p. 8. 

� �� 


A send-off was given to H. A. Alsagoff prior to his world tour. The managing director 

of Warta Malaya Press Ltd is commended for being an Arab interested in the Malay 

newspaper industry. There is a photograph of the tea party given in honour of H. A. 

Alsagoff with A. M. Alsagoff and Syed Abdullah bin Ahmad Yahya present. 

485. Arabic broadcasts from Singapore. (1940, March 19). The Straits Times, p.10. 

� �� 


�� 

both news as well as music for an audience that is likely to span beyond Malaya to the 

Arab communities in Indonesia. 

127


486. Arai, Kazuhiro�� 

Asia. �� 

, 63-73. Retrieved August 12, 2009, from 

http://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/110000469688/en 

[In Japanese] This article is an update of Roff’s and Mobini-Kesheh’s study on 

Arab periodicals in Southeast Asia. The author makes corrections and additions to 

bibliographic and holdings information. He also includes a useful table which plots the 

publishing period and the place of publication of these periodicals. 

487. Bluhm-Warn, Jutta. (1983, November). A preliminary statement on the dialogue established 

between the reform magazine Al-Manar and the Malayo-Indonesian World. Indonesia Circle, 32, 

35-42. 

Call No.: RCLOS 959.8 IC 

This article analyses 26 correspondences by Malayo-Indonesian readers, which 

appeared in the Al-Manar�� 

�� 

the religious and social tensions that arose from widening differences in outlook on 

religious and political matters for the Muslims in the Malay Archipelago. Some of these 

correspondences pertain to Arab matters. 

488. Bluhm-Warn, Jutta. (1997). Al-Manar and Ahmad Soorkattie: Links in the chains of transmission 

of Muhammad ‘Abduh’s ideas to the Malay-speaking world. In Peter G. Riddell & Tony Street 

(Eds.),�� 

Johns (pp. 295-308). New York: Brill. 


The author’s analysis of the Al-Manar, an Egyptian periodical that was also circulated in 

�� 

Muslim Malay-speaking world in the areas of Islamic law, controversial Muslim matters, 

and Islamic reform. 

489. Bruinessen, Martin van. (1990). Kitab kuning: Books in Arabic script used in the Pesantren 

milieu: Comments on a new collection in the KITLV Library.�� 

Volkenkunde, 146(2-3), 226-269. 

Call No.: RU R 572.9598 ITLVB 

Online: http://kitlv.library.uu.nl/ 

128 

This article is an analysis of the “Kitab kuning” or Islamic educational materials, held at 

the KTLV Library, which were printed and used in the Malay Archipelago. The article also 

provides an overview of Islamic publishing and authorship in the region. Of over 900 titles 

in the collection, around ten per cent are Arabic works written by Southeast Asians or 

Arab residents in the region.

�� 

May 22). The Straits Times, p. 11. 

� �� 


Syed Taha Abubakar Alsagoff is convicted “of publishing defamatory matter” in Saut 

Hadramaut on Abdul Wahad Aljelany, editor of a parallel Arabic newspaper, Al-Akhbar. 

The article gives details of the case and also provides insights to the relations between 

sectors of local Arabs and the question of their loyalty to the British government. 

491. Editor attacked for opinions: Articles which annoyed section of readers. (1933, May 9). 


� �� 


Concerning an attack on A. W. Aljelany for articles that supposedly offended some Syeds. 

492. Genuine Islam: New journal for local Muslims. (1936, January 23). The Straits Times, p. 10. 

� �� 


�� Genuine Islam, a journal in English as well as 

funding given primarily by Syed Ibrahim bin Omar Alsagoff. 

493. Hirsch, David (David G.). (2005, August 26-28). Hadrami-Arabic press in Southeast Asia: A 

historical survey. Proceedings of the International Conference on Yemeni-Hadramis in Southeast 

Asia: Identity Maintenance or Assimilation? (pp. 363-373). Kuala Lumpur: International Islamic 


This is a listing of periodicals produced by Hadhrami communities in Southeast Asia. This 

�� 

�� , p. 1. 

� �� 

�� Warta Malaya, talks in Malay 

about wars. 

�� , p. 3. 

� �� 

�� Lembaga newspaper and 

�� Warta Malaya newspaper. 

129


496. Kaptein, N. J. G. (1993). An Arab printer in Surabaya in 1853. �� 

volkenkunde, 149(2), 356-362. 


�� 

lithograph edition of an anonymous Muslim devotional text entitled �� [The 

best of mankind] that Kaptein came across in the Leiden University library. This text was 

older than the Qur’an described by Von Dewall as printed in Palembang on 7 August 

1854. This attests to the existence of an indigenous press in the Dutch East Indies. 

Kaptein’s text appears older than Von Dewall’s Qur’an and therefore, the oldest known 

printed book by a non-European sponsored printer. Kaptein discusses the origins of 

the printer. 

497. Laffan, Michael Francis. (2007). “Another Andalusia”: Images of colonial Southeast Asia in 

Arabic newspapers. Journal of Asian Studies, 66(3), 689-722. 

Call No.: R 950.05 FEQ 


This paper looks at representations of Arabs and Muslims in Southeast Asia through 

letters in Arabic periodicals that were published in Beirut and Cairo during the 1890s. 

The letters consists largely of criticisms of the Dutch’s unfair treatment of the Arabs in 

Netherlands East Indies. In the second part of the paper, the author examines the issues 

raised in Arabic periodicals published by Arabs, Malays and other indigenous Muslims in 

Southeast Asia. 

498. Marican, Marina. (1982). Sayed Shaikh Al-Hadi dan pendapat-pendapatnya mengenai 

�� 

[Microform]. Kuala 

Lumpur: Perpustakaan Universiti Malaya. 

vailable in NUS 

Membentangkan pendirian dan pendapat penulis yang menganggap Sayed Sheikh 

Al-Hadi sebagai seorang feminist. Beliau memberikan pendapatnya menerusi ruangan 

“Alam Perempuan” di dalam majalah bulanan Al-Ikhwan. 

499. Mobini-Kesheh, Natalie. (1996). The Arab periodicals of the Netherlands East Indies, 

1914-1942. �� 

(2), 236-256. 


Online: http://kitlv.library.uu.nl/ 

This paper provides an overview of Arab presses in 20 th century Indonesia, and includes 

a bibliographic and holdings list of these publications. 

500. New radio reply to Nazis: Arabic broadcasts from Singapore will begin to-morrow. (1940, 

March 17). The Straits Times, p. 7. 

� �� 


130 

Announces the broadcast of news for the Arab community in both Malaya and the Dutch 

East Indies. It would include news in Malay. The article also makes mention of the Arabic 

broadcast by the BBC and a German broadcaster.

501. Nik Ahmad Haji Nik Hassan. (1963). The Malay press. Journal of the Malayan Branch of the 


Call no.: RCLOS 959.5 JMBRAS 

This article provides a broad overview on the history and development of Malay 

newspapers in Singapore and Malaya from 1876 to the post-war period. The author 

mentions Arab participation in the development of Malay newspapers in the areas of 

ownership and editorial control. 

�� , p. 4. 

� �� 

�� 

famous traveller known for his writing in Al-Shurá and �� newspapers. 

503. Roff, William R. (1967). �� 

. Pulau Pinang: diterbitkan dengan 

Kerjasama Sinaran. 

Call No.: RCLOS 079.595 ROF 

Roff menulis mengenai kelahiran akhbar-akhbar Melayu di dunia Melayu. Beliau juga 

menyentuh tentang majalah Al-Imam. 

504. Roff, William R. (1972). Bibliography of Malay and Arabic periodicals published in the Straits 

Settlements and Peninsular Malay States 1876-1941: With an annotated union list of holdings in 

Malaysia, Singapore and the United Kingdom. London: Oxford University Press. 

Call No.: RCLOS 016.0599923 ROF 

An annotated bibliography of Malay and Arabic periodicals published in Malaya before the 

war. The entries contain information such as the place of publication, editors, frequency 

and holdings. Also included is an introductory essay that discusses the development of 

Malay press and journalism in Malaya. 

505. Roff, William R. (2009). The ins and outs of Hadhrami journalism in Malaya, 1900-1941: 

Assimilation or identity maintenance? In Ahmed Ibrahim Abushouk & Hassan Ahmed Ibrahim 


(pp. 191-202). Leiden; Boston: Brill. 


The author describes the periodicals and personalities in Malay and Arabic journalism for 

the period from the late 19 th to early 20 th century. 

�� 

satisfactory and much appreciated” in Aden. (1941, May 15). The Straits Times, p. 12. 

� �� 


This elaborates the case of Aljelany against Saut Hadramaut and its editors. The article 

focuses mainly on Victor Purcell’s testimony concerning Arab broadcasts to Malaya and 

Indonesia. 

131


507. Wireless announcer alleges defamation: Court sequel to article in Arabic newspaper. (1941, 

May 8). The Straits Times, p. 12. 

� �� 


132 

The article provides indepth details of the allegations by Abdul Wahad Aljelany, editor 

of Al-Akhbar and announcer at the Singapore Broadcasting Station for the Arabic news. 

Abdul claims Saut Hadramaut, a rival newspaper had published an article which had 

tarnished his reputation.

6 PERFORMING ARTS 

6.1 Drama, music & dance 

508. A. Kadir Ahmad. (1961, Mei 5). Zapin sa-bagai satu tarian pergaulan. Berita Harian, p. 6. 

� �� 

Penyelidikan mengenai tarian zapin dan bagaimana masyarakat yang 

alu mengamalkannya. 

509. A. Muin Ikram. (2000). Tarian jepin di Kalimantan Barat. In Mohd. Anis Md. Nor (Ed.), Zapin 

Melayu di Nusantara (pp. 181-189). Johor Bahru, Johor: Yayasan Warisan Johor. 

Call No.: RSEA 793.319595 ZAP 

Ragam gerak jepin yang ada di Kalimantan Barat tidak sama berbanding dengan jepin 

Johor. Terdapat juga perbezaan pada nama ragam gerak. Yang paling banyak perbezaan 

adalah tradisi jepin yang berkembang di Pontianak dan sekitarnya. Jepin adalah kreasi 

hidup di desa-desa dan juga tampil di keraton-keraton. 

510. Abdullah bin Mohamed. (1971, October). Ghazal in Arabic literature and Malay music. Malaysia 

in History, 14(1), 24-31. 

Call No.: RSING 959.5 MIH 

Abdullah illustrates the development of ghazal in the Malay World. The ghazal is a poetic 

genre, believed to have originated in Arabia in pre-Islamic times. Ghazal is an Arabic term 

but it has passed into the Persian, Turkish, Urdu and Malay languages. It has acquired 

different meanings in different languages. In Malay, ghazal is a not a poetic genre but 

a musical form. Malay ghazal developed in a similar fashion as Arabic ghazal as Pax 

Hollandica and Pax Brittanica produce a class of nobles who were able to enjoy a more 

leisure, secure, cosmopolitan and urban lifestyle. 

511. Al Faruqi, Lois Ibsen. (1981). An annotated glossary of Arabic musical terms. Westport, Conn.: 

Greenwood Press. 

Call No.: RART 781.72927014 FAR 

Al-Faruqi continues the tradition of the great al-Farabi’s work on music. Al-Farabi was 

a 10th century scholar known for his book �� 

[The great book of 

music]. His compendium became a vital source of information for music theorists and 

music writers on both Eastern and Western music. Similarly, al-Faruqi introduces the 

musical traditions from a long historical period of 7th century to the present. This glossary 

�� 

Arabic-English glossary of musical terms to be published for the English-speaking 

students of music. 

133


512. Capwell, Charles. (1995). Contemporary manifestations of Yemeni-derived song and dance in 

Indonesia. Yearbook for traditional music, 27, 76-89. 

Call No.: RU RART 781.7 YTM 

A report of the writer’s ongoing exploration of gambus, a Yemeni-derived Indonesian 

performance, which has an increasing prominence in Indonesian Islamic culture. 

513. Chopyak, James D. (1986). Music in modern Malaysia: A survey of the musics affecting the 

development of Malaysian popular music. Asian Music, 18(1), 111-138. 

Call No.: RART 780.95 AM 

�� 

including those from Arabia, are analysed according to genres. Those with Arabic 

elements include the ghazal, the nashyid and the zapin. 

514. Effendy, Tenas. (2000). Zapin di istana kerajaan Pelalawan. In Mohd. Anis Md. Nor (Ed.), Zapin 

Melayu di Nusantara (pp. 17-37). Johor Bahru, Johor: Yayasan Warisan Johor. 


Effendi mengesan bagaimana zapin dibawa dari Siak oleh Said Abdurrahman pada 

tahun 1798 ke Pelalawan. Beliau menghuraikan bagaimana zapin pada masa yang silam 

menjadi media dakwah Islam serta seni budaya yang terhormat. Walaupun kerajaan 

tersebut telah berakhir, zapin tetap berkembang dan tersebar di tengah masyarakat. 

515. Fadlin Ja’afar. (2000). Struktur rentak dan melodi zapin Sumatera Utara. In Mohd. Anis Md. Nor 

(Ed.), Zapin Melayu di Nusantara (pp. 201-208). Johor Bahru, Johor: Yayasan Warisan Johor. 


Fadlin menilai alat-alat muzik yang digunakan dalam zapin di pesisir timur Sumatera 

Utara serta struktur rentak dan melodi zapin di daerah itu. 

516. Hamidah Khamis. (1976, June 26). The ghazal in Malay music. Asean Review, 1 (19), 26. 


Hamidah concisely examines the origins of the Malay ghazal and compares it to Arabic 

ghazal. Believes that ghazal in the Archipelago originates from the Riau-Lingga area. 

517. �� . (2000). Tari zapin Nusantara sejarah perkembangannya di Palembang. In 

Mohd. Anis Md. Nor (Ed.), Zapin Melayu di Nusantara (pp. 39-49). Johor Bahru, Johor: Yayasan 

Warisan Johor. 


134 

Djohan menjelaskan bahawa proses perkembangan kebudayaan di Palembang seiring 

dengan perkembangan agama Islam di Nusantara. Beliau melaporkan sejarah koloni 

Arab di Palembang serta perkembangan seni zapin di Palembang.

518. Hilarian, Larry Francis. (2007). �� 

�� 

. Retrieved August 12, 2009, from 

�� 

This examines the appearance of two types of lute instruments commonly known as 

the gambus in the Malay Archipelago. It studies the controversies surrounding the 

“transmission” and “migration” of the gambus-type instruments into the Malay World. 

�� 

Malayness. 

519. Hilarian, Larry Francis. (2007).The migration of lute-type instruments to the Malay Muslim 

world. Paper presented at the Conference on Music in the World of Islam, Assilah, 8-13 August, 

2007. Retrieved August 12, 2009, from http://www.mcm.asso.fr/site02/music-w-islam/articles/ 

Francis-2007.pdf 

This paper explores the migration of the Hadhrami Arab culture, religious practice 

�� 

transmission of the folk-lute (gambus) from the Hadhramaut (Yemen) to the Nusantara 

where the instrument has been adapted to local needs and culture. This looks into two 

types of lute instruments and their role and identity as “icons” of Islam. Islamic purists, 

generating debates regarding Islamic attitudes towards today’s society, constantly 

challenge the status of music as cultural conduits. 

520. Hilarian, Larry Francis. (2008, November 10). The gambus (lutes) of the Malay World: Its 

�� Melayu Online. Retrieved August 12, 2009, from 

http://melayuonline.com/article/?a=RE5rL1U5bWh1MGY%3D=&l=the-gambus--of-the-malay- 

�� 

The author explores various hypotheses regarding the historical development of two 

types of plucked lutes, the gambus Melayu and the gambus Hadhramaut, which are 

played in zapin and ghazal performances in the Malay Archipelago. While the author 

is certain that the instruments had evolved from similar instruments in Persia and 

Hadhramaut, the method and periodisation of the various waves of transmission remain 

debatable. This is a later and shorter version of the author’s paper presented at the 

Conference on Music on the world of Islam in 2007. A PDF version of this paper can also 

be found from the UNESCO website at: 

�� 

521. Ja’far Rassuh. (2000). Sejarah perkembangan tari dana di Propinsi Jambi. In Mohd. Anis Md. 

Nor (Ed.), Zapin Melayu di Nusantara (pp. 265-276). Johor Bahru, Johor: Yayasan Warisan 

Johor. 


Memberi kesimpulan bahawa tari dana yang ada di Jambi datang dari dua sumber iaitu 

melalui pedagang Arab yang datang ke Jambi pada abad ke 14 dan orang-orang Kerinci 

dari Malaysia yang merantau ke daerah ini pada tahun 1920an. 

135


522. Jamil, O. K. Nizami. (2000). Sejarah tari zapin dan perkembangannya di kerajaan Siak Sri 

Indrapura. In Mohd. Anis Md. Nor (Ed.), Zapin Melayu di Nusantara (pp. 255-264). Johor Bahru, 

Johor: Yayasan Warisan Johor. 


Menggambarkan sejarah tari zapin di Siak dan bagaimana kesultanan Siak yang 

berketurunan Arab memperkembangkan seni tari ini. 

523. Jonge, Huub de. (2009). In the name of Fatimah: Staging the emancipation of the Hadhramis 

in the Netherlands East Indies. In Ahmed Ibrahim Abushouk & Hassan Ahmed Ibrahim (Eds.), 




This article describes the impact that the stage drama Fatimah had on raising awareness 

on the divisions within the Hadhrami community. The play was presented at the third 

congress of the Persatoean Arab Indonesia (PAI), the Union of Indonesian Arabs in 1938. 

524. Kalahan, Munawar. (2000). Falsafah tari Jepin di Kalimantan Barat. In Mohd. Anis Md. Nor 



Huraian mengenai falsafah zapin atau jepin yang terdapat dalam tari Jepin di 

Kalimantan Barat. 

525. Lee, Elaine. (2006). Ethnic musical instruments of Malaysia. Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul 

Ehsan: Win Publication. 

Call No.: RSEA 784.19595 LEE 

Lists inventory of musical instruments with photographs that have associations with the 

Arab world such as dup (a cylindrical drum), gambus, lute, gedomba (drum which is 

popular in Kelantan), kompang (single-headed drum) and mawas (double headed drum). 

526. Mohamed Ghouse Nasuruddin. (2007). Traditional Malaysian music. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan 

Bahasa dan Pustaka. 

Call No.: RSEA 781.62009595 MOH 

�� 

Malaysia. Illustrated with photographs and musical notations, these discuss the history, 

origins, instruments, functions and the structure of these various musical forms. Chapter 

�� 

and the Prophet. Chapter six reviews musical forms which combine traditional Malay and 

Western musical instruments. Of special interest is the ghazal, which is fusion of Arabic, 

Hindustani and Malay elements. 

527. Mohd. Anis Md. Nor. (1990). The zapin Melayu dance of Johor: From village to a national 

performance tradition. Unpublished academic exercise, University of Michigan. 

� �� 

136 

This examines the historical evolution and transformation of a particular Malay dance 

genre from a regional into a national form. It focuses on zapin, a dance form formerly 

introduced into Malaysia by the Arab communities that settled in the state of Java.

528. Mohd. Anis Md. Nor. (1993). Zapin: Folk dance of the Malay World. Singapore: Oxford 



This provides insight into the evolution of the zapin dance in Malaysia and how the 

movement of the Malays to the widely dispersed areas within the region of the Straits of 

�� 

529. Mohd. Anis Md. Nor. (2000). Falsafah kesenian Islam dalam zapin Melayu: Leksikon dan 

�� Zapin Melayu di 

Nusantara (pp. 81-94). Johor Bahru, Johor: Yayasan Warisan Johor. 


Mohd menunjukkan bagaimana zapin Melayu menjadi seni persembahan Melayu-Islam 

yang terunggul di dunia Melayu dengan mengkaji elemen bunyi, persembahan melalui 

taksim dan �� , koreologi dan lain-lain sifat. 

530. Mohd. Anis Md. Nor. (2001). Blurring images, glowing likenesses: Old and new styles in 

traditional dances of Malaysia. Yearbook for traditional music, 33, 65-71. 

Call No.: RU RART 781.7 YTM 

�� 

author explores the zapin, which originates from the Arab-Malays of Johor. He delineates 

the dance elements, its stylistic differences and its adaptations to become a national 

dance form. 

531. Mohd. Anis Md. Nor. (2001). Falsafah seni persembahan Melayu di sebalik tarian zapin. 

Singapore: Singapore Zapin Festival. 

Call No.: RSING q793.319595 MOH 

Risalah ini melihat falsafah seni persembahan Melayu di sebalik tarian zapin. 

532. Mohd. Anis Md. Nor. (2001). The zapin Melayu dance of Johor: From village to a national 

performance tradition�� 


This thesis focuses entirely on the evolution of zapin from its beginnings to become a 

perfomative tradition in the state of Johor. With music transcriptions and dance notations. 

533. Mohd. Ishak Abdul Aziz. (1978). Ghazal. Kuala Lumpur: Kementerian Kebudayaan, Belia 

dan Sukan. 

Call No.: RART q781.7595 MOH 

Membincangkan tentang perkembangan ghazal di Nusantara sehingga ia 

menjadi terkenal di selatan Semenanjung Malaysia, khususnya di Johor sebelum 

kedatangan wayang bangsawan Parsi ke Pulau Pinang dalam 1870an. Sultan 

Johor, melalui perhubungan eratnya dengan raja-raja Riau Lingga, mendukung dan 

memperkembangkan seni ini di daerah Johor. 

137


534. Pengenalan kepada alat-alat muzik traditional Sabah. (1992). Kota Kinabalu: Department of 

Sabah Museum and State Archives. 


Memberi senari alat-alat muzik yang digunakan dalam muzik tradisional Sabah. Ada di 

antara alat-alat muzik ini percayai berasal dari budaya Hadhrami. 

535. Rivai, Mawardi. (2000). Seni tari zapin tinjauan sejarah dan perkembangan pasang surutnya di 

Kalimantan Barat. In Mohd. Anis Md. Nor (Ed.), Zapin Melayu di Nusantara (pp. 277-291). 

Johor Bahru, Johor: Yayasan Warisan Johor. 


Membincangkan tentang kemasukan dan perkembangan tari zapin ke Kalimantan Barat. 

536. Rizal, Firdaus H. Jose. (2000). Tari zapin dan perkembangannya di Deli Serdang. In Mohd. Anis 

Md. Nor (Ed.), Zapin Melayu di Nusantara (pp. 249-254). Johor Bahru, Johor: 

YayasanWarisan Johor. 


Membicarakan tentang perkembangan tari zapin di Deli Serdang. 

537. Rizal, Firdaus H. Jose. (2001). Persamaan dan kaitannya zapin di Medan dan di Singapura. 

Singapore: Singapore Zapin Festival. 

Call No.: RSING q793.31959 RIZ 

Penulis membicarakan zapin sebagai salah satu kesenian yang ada di Singapura dan di 

Sumatera Timur. 

538. S. Berrein. (2000). Muzik zapin: Pendekatan sebuah komposisi. In Mohd. Anis Md. Nor (Ed.), 

Zapin Melayu di Nusantara (pp. 209-228). Johor Bahru, Johor: Yayasan Warisan Johor. 


Penulis berbicara tentang muzik zapin dalam konteks perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan 

dan teknologi dengan mengetengahkan konsep muzik zapin sebagai pokok perbincangan 

yang disampaikan dalam penulisan ini. 

539. �� 

. (2004). �� 

�� 

�� 

Call No.: RART 780.9533 SAB 

[In Arabic] Polyphonic studies of different Hadhrami and Yemeni music through history. 

540. Said Parman�� 

Nor (Ed.), Zapin Melayu di Nusantara (pp. 191-199). Johor Bahru, Johor: 

Yayasan Warisan Johor. 


138 

Said menyiasati aspek penciptaan gubahan pada jenis ragam dan bentuk, kesan dan 

makna tari zapin Riau. Kajian menyentuh ensembel perkusinya.

541. Serjeant, R. B. (Robert Bertram). (19--). �� 

[Prose and poetry 

from Hadhramaut]. [S.l.: s.n.]. 

Call No.: R 892.76099287 SER 

[In Arabic] This describes the different types of contemporary and classical poetry and 

music from the South Arabian Peninsula, and Hadhrami poetry and songs. The book also 

distinguishes the Hadhrami music by its place in the Hadhrami community. 

542. Sharkawi Haji Amit. (2000). Tarian zapin di Sarawak. In Mohd. Anis Md. Nor (Ed.), Zapin 

Melayu di Nusantara (pp. 161-180). Johor Bahru: Johor Yayasan Warisan Johor. 


Sharkawi menggambarkan kemunculan tarian zapin di Sarawak serta teknik dan struktur 

tari zapin di daerah ini. Istilah-istilah tarian zapin, lagu dan pantun serta fungsi dan acara 

tarian ini diterangkan. 

543. Sinar, Luckman, Tengku. (2000). Zapin-gambus di Wilayah Kabupaten Deli-Serdang, Sumatera 

Utara. In Mohd. Anis Md. Nor (Ed.), Zapin Melayu di Nusantara (pp. 51-60). Johor Bahru, Johor: 



Bab ini membuat kesimpulan bahawa penduduk Melayu dari wilayah Kerajaan Serdang 

sudah menganut agama Islam sejak abad 13 Masihi melalui India Selatan dan Arab 

�� 

sebagai alat dakwah. 

544. Tengku Rahimah Daud. (2000). Dasar langkah tari zapin Riau dan sekelumit 

pengembangannya. In Mohd. Anis Md. Nor (Ed.), Zapin Melayu di Nusantara (pp. 125-150). 

Johor Bahru, Johor: Yayasan Warisan Johor. 


Bab ini mengambarkan bagaimana tari zapin mencerminkan tatatertib serta diiringi oleh 

lagu dan syair yang penuh dengan kata-kata nasihat. Bersamaan itu, melalui tari zapin, 

ketelitian dan kecermatan seseorang dalam melakukan gerak geri dapat dinilaikan. 

Kedewasaan seseorang juga dapat dinilai melaluinya. 

545. Tom Ibnur. (2000). Dana: Tari pergaulan bernafaskan Islam di Jambi. In Mohd. Anis Md. Nor 



Pedagang-pedagang Arab dan Gujarat, para ulama dan para seniman datang ke Jambi 

melalui Sungai Batang Hari. Tari dana tersebar dari pesisir sehingga ke sepanjang 

tepian sungai. Tari ini merupakan salah satu tari pergaulan bernafaskan Islam dalam 

masyarakat Melayu Jambi dan masyarakat keturunan Arab yang bermukim lama di 

Jambi. Tom mengkaji bagaimana fungsi tari ini berkembang seiring dengan pertumbuhan 

dan peredaran masa. Lebih penting, kaitan antara tari dana dan zapin menunjukkan 

pembauran yang terjadi antara keturunan Arab dan masyarakat Melayu Jambi. 

139


546. Umar, Said Mahmud. (2000). Falsafah tari Jepin di Kalimantan Barat. In Mohd. Anis Md. Nor 



Nilai-nilai budaya Melayu dalam seni tari Jepin bukan saja mendidik mala ia merupakan 

seni yang berestika di dalam kehidupan masyarakat Melayu Riau. 

547. Yunus, Hamzah, Raja�� 

Riau. In Mohd. Anis Md. Nor (Ed.), Zapin Melayu di Nusantara (pp. 95-106). Johor Bahru, Johor: 



Melihat adanya zapin di Pulau Penyengat. Juga meneliti perkembangan tarian zapin Riau 

serta falsafah di sebaliknya. 

548. �� 

. (2000). Zapin asli Siak Sri Indrapura. In Mohd. Anis Md. Nor (Ed.), Zapin Melayu di 

Nusantara (pp. 151-160). Johor Bahru, Johor: Yayasan Warisan Johor. 


Perkembangan tarian zapin ke kota-kota di luar Siak dikaji oleh penulis. Tren ini sangat 

terasa di kota besar seperti Pekanbaru sejak awal tahun 1980an. Menggambarkan ragam 

zapin serta busana yang dipakai oleh penari-penarinya. 

549. Zurhatimi Ismail. (2000). Muzik pengiring tari Dana: Tautannya dengan perkembangan Muzik 

tradisional Jambi. In Mohd. Anis Md. Nor (Ed.), Zapin Melayu di Nusantara (pp. 229-246). Johor 

Bahru, Johor: Yayasan Warisan Johor. 


140 

Bab ini memaparkan perjalanan muzik Dana Jambi. Sungai Batang Jambi menjadi 

salah satu gerbang masuk ke daerah Jambi. Sungai ini bukan sahaja berfungsi sebagai 

urat nadi kehidupan ekonomi dan politik, malah ia berperanan sebagai media penyebar 

penting pelbagai bentuk ungkapan seni budaya ke pelosok wilayah propinsi Jambi.

7 LANGUAGE 

7.1 Dictionaries & word list 

550. �� 

. (2001). �� 

[2000 examples from 

�� 

all No.: R 398.992709533 AMI 

�� 

�� 

551. Al-Saqqaf, Abdullah Hassan. (2006). The linguistics of loanwords in Hadrami Arabic. 

International Journal of Bilingual Education & Bilingualism, 9(1), 75-93. 

Online: Available from NLB’s e-Resources - Ebscohost Academic Search Premier. 

The aim of this paper is to explore loanwords in Hadhrami Arabic (Yemen). Most of these 

words, which are now diminishing due to the social and economical development in the 

�� 

of the world. The donor languages range from the tongues of the Indian subcontinent 

to the languages of the Malay Archipelago, to Swahili and English. These loans are 

�� 

The language contact resulted in different morphological and phonological processes 

and examples are given on how such loanwords became integrated in the dialect to the 

extent that some eminent folk-poets did not hesitate in using them in their poetry. In the 

appendix, a list of loanwords is given with their meanings and origins. 

552. �� 

. (2001). �� 

[Dialects of the 

�� 


[In Arabic] A compilation of Arabic verbs and nouns uniquely used in the town of Tarim. 

The words are arranged in alphabetical order and its meanings are explained in Arabic. 

553. Beg, Muhammad Abdul Jabbar. (1979). Arabic loan-words in Malay: A comparative study. 

Kuala Lumpur: The author. 

Call No.: RSEA 499.23 BEG 

This second edition examines the phenomenon of Arabic loan-words in Malay. Beg 

discusses the important aspects of Arabic loan-words in more than 12 languages of Asia, 

Africa and Europe before examining the borrowing of Arabic words in Malay. 

554. Beg, Muhammad Abdul Jabbar. (1982). Persian and Turkish loan-words in Malay. Kuala 

Lumpur: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. 


Beg provides tables of Persian and Turkish loan words in Malay vocabulary and also an 

appendix with regards to Arabic words of Persian origins. He gives an overview of how 

Persian words might came into contact with Malay language and an overview of how the 

Turks’ historical contact with the Malay World through Aceh brought borrowing of Turkish 

words into Malay language. 

141

7 Language 

555. Chandran, R. (1973, April 2). When a vintage Persian dictionary is Greek to a businessman. 


� �� 

Online: http://newspapers.nl.sg 

Syed Hussain Aljunied considers parting with his Arabic-English-Persian dictionary, a rare 

publication handed down from his father and had been in the family since the mid-19 th 

century. A photograph of Syed Hussain examining the dictionary is included. 

556. Doniach, N. S. (Ed.). (1972). The Oxford English-Arabic dictionary of current usage. Oxford: 

Clarendon Press. 

Call No.: R 492.7321 OXF-[DIC] 

There are 1400 pages of entries. This is meant for English-speaking Arabists who study 

modern texts of Arabic. 

557. Elias, Elias A. (Elias Antoon). (1929). �� 

. Cairo: Elias’ 

Modern Press. 

Call No.: RCLOS 492.7321 ELI-[RFL] 

�� 

students in his study of English. It is also for the English-speaking students of Arabic 

�� 

Arabicised foreign words are included here. 

558. Lane, Edward William. (1985). Madd Al-Qamus: An Arabic-English lexicon. New Delhi: Asian 

Educational Services. 

Call No.: R 492.7321 ARA-[DIC] pt. 1-8 

RRARE 492.7321 ARA year 1881 

This is derived from the best and the most copious eastern sources. It comprises a very 

�� 

to its abridged and defective explanations, ample grammatical and critical comments 

�� 

commonly known to the learned among the Arabs. 

559. Mustafa A. R. Mahmud. (19--). Kamus 3 bahasa 1: English, Malay, Arabic. Penang: 

Persama Press. 

Call No.: RCLOS 499.28321 MUS DG: AGH (LL) 

Senarai menurut perkataan Inggeris dan disusun menurut susunan abjad. 

560. Qazi, M. A. (2000). A concise dictionary of Islamic terms. New Delhi: Kitab Bhavan. 

Call No.: R 492.7321 WEH-[DIC] 

142 

This is arranged alphabetically according to the romanised form of the Arabic terms, 

followed by their vernacular equivalents, with explanations in English.

561. Salmoné, H. Anthony (Habib Anthony). (1890). An Arabic-English dictionary on a new system. 

London: Trubner. 

Call No.: RCLOS 492.732 SAL-[RFL] 

This two-volume publication is authored by the Professor of Arabic at the School for 

�� 

to be a compact yet, a comprehensive one compared to earlier dictionaries. It is useful for 

begineers. The work is an attempt to spread the study of Arabic during Queen 

Victoria’s time. 

562. Wehr, Hans. (1966). A dictionary of modern written Arabic. Wiesbaden: O. Harrassowitz. 

Call No.: RSING 492.7321 WEH 

The Cowan’s revised and enlarged Arabic-English edition is an answer to a need by 

serious English-speaking Arabist scholars who wish to refer to Hans Wehr’s Arabic- 

German dictionary (�� 

). This 

dictionary is internationally acclaimed as an indispensable work for Arabic studies for its 

clear and accurate infomation in dealing with modern literary language used throughout 

the world. Based on current usage rather than on classical Arabic lexicography, it 

�� 

Arabic countries. This is not only useful for Arabic writings of the turn of the century but 

also for those who are confronted by Arabic texts from the Middle Ages. There are over 

1,000 pages of entries. The 1979 edition is also available in the library. 

7.2 Language & lingustics 

563. Bahasa Arab dan anda? (1986). �� 

�� 

, (pp. 33-34). Singapore: Al-Wehdah 

Al-Arabiah. 


Penulis memerhatikan masalah belajar bahasa Arab dan kekurangan daya mahu belajar 

bahasa ini. 

564. Ronkel, Philippus Samuel van. (1977). Mengenai pengaruh tatakalimat Arab terhadap 

tatakalimat Melayu. Jakarta: Bhratara. 

Call No.: RCLOS 499.23024927 RON 

Ronkel mengesan pengaruh sastera Arab pada kesusasteraan dan bahasa Melayu. 

143

8 SOCIAL LIFE 

8.1 Socio-cultural identity 

565. Abdul Halim Abdul Karim. (1996). Myths about Arabs. �� 

, 

32-34. 


Abdul Halim discusses conceptions and misconceptions on Arabs. 

566. Alowdee, Yehidaah Beevi Shaik. (2001). Crafting selves: Notions of Hadhrami identity 

as perceived by the Singapore Hadhrami Arabs. Unpublished academic exercise, National 

University of Singapore. 


This study analyses the self-perceptions of Hadhrami Arab identity in Singapore. 

Based on interviews with 20 respondents, the author suggests that Hadhrami identity 

encompassed more than ethnic identity, which is often linked to cultural markers such as 

language and dress. She suggests that Hadhrami identity is also rooted in other social 

identities such as nasab (kinship) and religion. 

567. Alsagoff, Ahmad Ali, Syed. (1986). Cabaran di hari muka. Al-Wehdah Al-Arabiah celebrates 

�� 

, (pp. 29-31). 

Singapore: Al-Wehdah Al-Arbiah. 


Alsagoff menjelaskan cabaran-cabaran yang dilalui masyarakat Arab Singapura dalam 

mengekalkan identiti dan budaya mereka. 

568. Amal, Siti Hidayati. (2005). Menelusuri jejak kehidupan keturunan Arab-Jawa di luar tembok 

keraton Yogyakarta. Antropologi Indonesia, 29(2), 159-181. 


Siti bertujuan untuk mengisi kekosongan empirikal yang ditinggalkan Berg melalui 

sebuah kajian kasus. Kajiannya menyelidiki keturunan Arab-Jawa yang mana para 

keturunan mereka dari garis lelaki telah didapati kehilangan ciri Arab mereka dan kini 

dikenali sebagai orang Jawa. 

569. Bagarib, Osman. (1996). Who are the Arabs? (with apologies to my bosom friend). �� 

�� 

, 22. 


144 

Bagarib discusses the notion of an Arab in the Singapore context.

570. Feener, R. Michael. (2004). Hybridity and the “Hadhrami diaspora” in the Indian Ocean Muslim 

networks. �� 

�� 

(3), 352-372. 

Available in ISEAS & NUS 

This discovers the occurrence of Hadhrami migration to Southeast Asia and its impact 

on the notion of identity among the Hadhramis. In the early modern period of Southeast 

Asia, the Muslim population was highly mobile, of mixed blood and polyglot. It was until 

the late 19 th century when modernisation set in that an essentialised Hadhrami identity 

emerged. When modern institutions were developed in the 20 th century, identities became 

institutionalised and took on special meanings. While framing his argument, Feener calls 

for cautions when the term “Hadhrami” is used. 

571. Freitag, Ulrike. (1997, March). Dying of enforced spinsterhood: Hadramawt through the eyes of 

Ali Ahmad Ba Kathir (1910-69). Die Welt Des Islams, New Series, 37(1), 2-27. 



The author analyses the social issues of the Hadhrami community that are raised 

in Ali Ahmad Ba Kathir’s reformist play “Humam aw al-Ahqaf [Human: In the capital 

of Hadhramaut]”. Some of the areas of concern explored include the Alawi-Irshadi 

�� 

its consequences on family life, gender equality and education for women, religious 

practices such as the cult of saints, as well as the economy. 

572. Ho, Engseng. (2002). Before parochialization: Diasporic Arabs cast in creole waters. In Huub 

de Jonge & N. J. G. Kaptein (Eds.), Transcending borders: Arabs, politics, trade and Islam in 

Southeast Asia (pp. 11-35). Leiden: KITLV Press. 


Ho argues that traditional identity markers such as nationality, racial purity, minoritisation, 

are poor concepts for studying and understanding Hadhrami diasporic communities 

in 18 th century Southeast Asia because political and cultural boundaries were less 

determined then. 

573. Jonge, Huub de. (2004). Abdul Rahman Baswedan and the emancipation of the Hadramis in 

Indonesia.�� 

�� 

(3), 373-400. 


The article analyses the role and contributions of a prominent Hadhrami leader in 

liberating his community from the dilemmas of identity. The basic issue that confronted 

them was the that they appeared to be indecisive as to where their loyalties lie especially 

in the nascent period of pre-independence when a national Indonesian society could 

mean the end of the Hadhramis’ psychological, cultural, political attachments to 

Hadhramaut. Abdul Rahman Baswedan emerged in a broader background of such 

internal isolation and dissension between the Sayyids and the non-Sayyids as the 

�� 

145

8 Social Life 

574. Jonge, Huub de. (2005). In search of identity: The Hadhrami Arabs in pre- and post-war 

Indonesia. In Akira Usuki, Omar Farouk Bajunid, & Tomoko Yamagishi (Eds.), Population 

movement beyond the Middle East: Migration, diaspora, and network (pp. 211-223). Osaka, 

Japan: Japan Center for Area Studies, National Museum of Ethnology. 


The author takes a comparative look at the changes in the social and national identity of 

resident Hadhramis for pre- and post-war Indonesia, as well as colonial and post-colonial 

Indonesia. He also looks at the events that contributed to the changes. These include the 

rise of nationalism, the Japanese Occupation and the independence struggle. 

575. Mandal, Sumit Kumar. (1997). Natural leaders of native Muslims: Arab ethnicity and politics 

in Java under Dutch rule. In Ulrike Freitag & W. G. Clarence-Smith (Eds.), Hadrami traders, 

�� 

(pp. 185-198). Leiden; 

New York: Brill. 


Sumit shows how Java’s Arab elites of the late 19th to early 20th�� 

relative to native Muslims. He reveals how the articulation of their Arab ethnicity and 

culture and their claiming of Istanbul as their politico-religious centre, allowed them to 

assume their positions within the community. 

576. Syed menyangkal Syed. (1960, November 24). Berita Harian, p. 5. 

�� 

Sebahagian orang Arab keturunan Syed menyangkal pendapat bahawa gelaran Syed 

diperkenalkan sebagai keturunan Nabi Muhammad (s.a.w) dan gelaran tersebut tidak 

sedikit pun meninggikan taraf kedudukan mereka jika dibandingkan dengan orang-orang 

yang bukan keturunan Syed. 

577. Talib, Nargis Mohamad. (1999). Arab women in Singapore: Ethnic consciousness and 

boundary maintenance. Unpublished academic exercise, National University of Singapore. 


This study aims to explore the meanings attached to the maintenance and representation 

of Arab identity by Arab women in Singapore. The author suggests that the women in the 

community are not just passive preservers of Arab identity, but rather they own and are 

conscious of their ethnic identity, and actively uphold and pass on this heritage through 

their customary roles as wives and mothers. 

578. Tan, Hsueh Yun. (1992, September 18). Some Arabs here “losing their sense of identity”. 


� �� 


146 

The article summarises a paper by Khaled Talib, Ameen Talib, Helmi Talib and Obood 

�� 

young local Arabs along with related cultural, religious, economic and educational factors. 

The article ends with highlights of the contributions by the earliest Arabs in Singapore.

8.2. Associations 

579. $10,000 gift presentation. (1973, September 23). The Straits Times, p. 15. 

� �� 


This is a brief note on the donation by Syed Abu Bakar bin Abdul Rahman Aljuied to the 

Lembaga Biasiswa Kenangan Maulud. 

580. “Abdul”. (1935, March 13). The Silver Jubilee - Meeting of local Arabs. The Straits Times, p. 13 

� �� 


This contains details of a gathering of Arabs organised by the Arabic Social and Literary 

Club and the Arab Peranakan Association to prepare for the King’s Silver Jubilee. The 

article lists the committee members elected for the Jubilee celebrations. It notes that this 

committee will subsume under any other Muslim committee that should arise to celebrate 

the occasion. 

581. “Abdul”. (1935, May 18). “Wakaff” Trusts. The Straits Times, p. 16. 

� �� 


�� 

there are many waqf, there is little done to address genuine cases of need. The second 

looks at the Alsagoff Out-Door Dispensary opened at Palembang Road. The last article 

�� 

Jubilee gifts of food to Muslims. 

582. Ahmad Mohd. Don. (1986, November 9). Budaya Arab terpancar dengan penuh meriah. 

Berita Minggu, Rencana, p. 2. 

� �� 

Kebudayaan Arab, yang terdiri daripada tarian, nyanyian, fesyen pakaian dan makanan 

telah dipersembahkan pada malam Al-Wehdah sempena sambutan ulang tahun ke-40 

Persatuan Arab Singapura. 

583. Ahmad Semait, Syed. (1976). Al-Wehdah Al-Arabiah antara jatuh dan bangun.�� 

Cenderamata Sempena Pembukaan Resmi Rumah Baru Persatuan, 35-32. 


Menceritakan tentang pasang surut persatuan ini di Singapura. 

147

8 Social Life 

584. Aidid, Syed Mohammad Alwi. (1976, Ogos 1). Perutusan yang dipertua Alwehdah tahun 1974- 

1976 Syed Mohammad Alwi Aidid. �� 

Baru Persatuan, 48-47. 


Ucapan ketua Al-Wehdah Al-Arabiah tentang pemindahan rumah persatuan ke rumah 

yang baru akibat tawaran yang dibuat oleh Lembaga Perumahan dan Pembangunan 

(HDB). Beliau menyeru kepada kaum Arab Singapura supaya bersatu tenaga dan 

mengembalikan semula usaha-usaha baik seperti yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat 

minoriti lain di Singapura. 

585. Alhabshee, S. Mohamad, & Bajrai, Ghazi Yamani. (1976, Ogos 1). Sepintas lalu sejarah dan 

kegiatan Al Wehdah Al Arabiah. �� 

Baru Persatuan, 43-40. 


Artikel ini merakamkan sejarah ringkas Al Wehdah Al Arabiah dari tahun 1946 sehingga 

1976. Persatuan ini bermula dengan sekumpulan 15 orang pemuda yang mengadakan 

perjumpaan dari rumah ke rumah. Pejabat sementara mereka ialah kedai Syed Abdul 

Rahman Alsree. Pada 11 November 1946, persatuan ini didaftarkan dengan nama 

Persatuan Arab Singapura Se-Malaya. Menyenaraikan aktiviti-aktiviti yang dianjurkan 

oleh persatuan ini. 

586. Ali Redha di-pileh sa-mula pengerusi L.B.K.M. (1968, November 12). Berita Harian, p. 2. 

�� 

Syed Ali Redha Alsagoff, pengerusi Lembaga Biasiswa Kenangan Maulud dipilih sekali 

lagi untuk memegang jawatan tersebut. 

587. Al-Masyhur, Idrus Alwi. (2006). Jamiat Kheir: Mengangkat martabat bangsa. Jakarta: Al- 

Mustarsyidin. 

Call No.: RSEA 371.07709598 ALM 

Menyentuh tentang asal-usul Jamiat Kheir dan peranannya dalam penerapan sistem 

pendidikan moden hasil gabungan kurikulum pendidikan Eropah dan pendidikan Islam. 

Sumbangan Jamiat Kheir kepada masyarakat Indonesia melambangkan juga sumbangan 

para sayid di pelosok Nusantara bukan sahaja dalam bidang pendidikan tetapi juga 

dalam penyebaran Islam. Penulis melihat pengaruh Jamiat Kheir sebagai “pengaruh para 

sayid”. Beliau juga meneliti asal usul Arab Hadhramaut, Arab Sayyid dan masyarakat 

Betawi di Indonesia. 

�� 

, 

p. 12. 

� �� 

148 

[In Arabic] The Arab Literary Club has just been established in Singapore on the 23rd of 

Sha’ban, Thursday evening.

589. Alsagoff, Abdulcader. (1903, August 8). Arab Club meeting. The Straits Times, p. 5. 

� �� 


With reference to an article entitled “The Indian question - in Australia and South Africa”, 

�� 

the club. 

590. Al-Wehdah Al-Arabiah (Singapore). (1986). Al-Wehdah Al-Arabiah menyambut ulang tahun 

�� . Singapore: The Association. 


Buku ini merujuk kepada kegiatan dan pencapaian Al-Wehdah selama 40 tahun serta 

ucapan-ucapan dari para anggota aktif persatuan ini. 

591. Alwedah’s 50th anniversary celebrations. (1997). �� 

of Singapore, 2(1). 


The celebrations held on 17 November 1996 had BG George Yeo as guest-of-honour. 

Extracts of his speech highlight the importance of the business that the local Arabs can 

help cultivate but also warns them about getting embroiled in the political issues of the 

Middle East. Photographs of the occasion are included. 

592. The Arab Association Singapore. (2009). The Arab Association Singapore [Al Wehdah Al 

Arabiah Bi Singhafura]. Singapore: The association. Retrieved August 12, 2009, from 

http://www.alwehdah.org/ 

�� 

of this voluntary organisation’s activities, its facilities and membership details. It also has 

a forum and a newsletter, �� 

�� 

who were residents in Singapore since the mid-19th century. 

593. Arab Club. (1937, May 2). The Straits Times, p. 4. 

� �� 


The purchase of land at Geylang was approved at a recent Arab Club meeting. 

594. Arab Club: Proceedings follow an alleged dismissal. (1907, November 13). The Straits Times, 

p. 7. 

� �� 


Presents details of the case of Syed Mohamed bin Agil bin Yahya versus Syed 

Abdulrahman Alsagoff and others where the plaintiff sought to nullify his being expelled 

from the Arab Club. 

149

8 Social Life 

595. Arab donations to Patriotic Fund. (1939, October 6). The Straits Times, p. 12. 

� �� 


A listing of donors, especially the local Arabs, and their individual contributions to the 

Malaya Patriotic Fund. 

596. Arab gift to Dr. Soekarno. (1949, December 30). The Straits Times, p. 7. 

� �� 


This describes the gift presented to President Soekarno from the Arab community. 

597. Arab king’s gift to Malaya. (1948, March 2). The Straits Times, p. 8. 

� �� 


Crediting Syed Ibrahim Alsagoff’s efforts, the King of Saudi Arabia donates 200 pounds 

to the All-Malaya Muslim Missionary Society of Singapore, which had been founded by 

Moulana Abdul Aleem Siddique. Further details regarding contributions to rebuild the 

Society after the war are mentioned. 

598. Arab leader in colony. (1949, January 25). The Straits Times, p. 7. 

� �� 


This is a photograph of S. M. H. Alkaff, the Vice-President of the Arab Welfare Association 

of Batavia, standing beside his Singapore Alkaff cousins. 

599. Arab Union. (1949, June 29). The Straits Times, p. 7. 

� �� 


�� 

President are given. 

600. Arab Union of Singapore and the Malay Archipelago congratulates the King, of city status to the 

municipality of the colony of Singapore. (1996). �� 

, 40-41. 


�� 

September 1951 that reveals the existence of the Arab Association as the Arab Union 

of Singapore and the Malay Archipelago. A document on another page, reproduced by 

courtesy of Syed Alwi Mohd Aidid, was printed on the occasion of the 

Majesty’s Coronation. 

601. “Arab Union” proposed. (1940, March 26). The Straits Times, p. 13. 

� �� 


150 

This is an announcement of a meeting for the formation of the Arab Union to address the 

interests of the local Arab community.

602. Arab Union to be formed here. (1940, March 28). The Straits Times, p. 10. 

� �� 


This is a brief article on the formation of the Arab Union, which saw at least a participation 

of 400 Arabs. It includes a short list of its potential leaders. 

603. Arabic Social Club. (1933, August 14). The Straits Times, p. 12. 

� �� 


�� 

604. Badan2 Islam S’pura dibela. (1960, Oktober 27). Berita Harian, p. 5. 

�� 

Tuan Syed Muhammad bin Ali Alsagoff, Setiausaha Pertubuhan Muslimin meluahkan 

rasa tidak puas hati terhadap badan Islam Singapura. 

605. Bagharib, Ahmad Omar. (1976, August 1). Message from Mr. Ahmad Omar Bagharib Hon. 

Secretary. �� 

, 44. 


This is a message by the honorary secretary of the association. He urges Arabs in 

Singapore towards civic consciousness. 

606. Basharahil, Khalid Saleh. (1976). Message from Vice-President II. �� 

Sempena Pembukaan Resmi Rumah Baru Persatuan, 44. 


A message from Vice-President II. 

607. Berita ura2 penubohan Persatuan Syed2 Singapura disangkal dgn keras. (1961, Mei 20). 


�� 

Sebab-sebab mengapa sesetengah Syed membantah cadangan untuk menubuhkan 

Persatuan Syed-Syed Singapura. 

608. Changi to Tuas in 18-hour marathon walk. (1960, May 30). The Straits Times, p. 4. 

� �� 


A 35-mile walk from Changi to Tuas through the night was undertaken by six, several 

of whom were Arabs, namely Syed Abubakar Alsagoff, Syed Hashim Alsagoff and Syed 

Yahya Alsagoff. A photograph of the walkers is appended entitled “While Singapore slept, 

these hikers set out to prove youth is not all soft”. 

151

8 Social Life 

609. Do more, Mattar tells young Arabs. (1995, August 22). The Straits Times, p. 25. 

� �� 


Dr. Ahmad Mattar, speaking during the “Conference on Singapore Arabs in the 

21 st Century” indicates that Alwehdah, the Arab Association of Singapore has a 

rising generation of “educated and dynamic” young Arabs who could potentially lead 

discussions amongst fellow Muslims on improving their community 

610. Gerakan Syed merebak. (1960, November 18). Berita Harian, p .5. 

�� 

Syed Abdillah mengumumkan penubuhan Persatuan Syed-Syed di negeri Kedah dan 

menjelaskan matlamat persatuan tersebut iaitu untuk memelihara nama keturunan “Syed” 

dan memberi pertolongan kepada ahli-ahlinya dalam apa jua bidang. 

�� , p. 1. 

� �� 

�� 

�� 

612. Kesatuan Syed rugi kerana kesulitan permit. (1961, Mac 25). Berita Harian, p. 7. 

�� 

Pusat Persatuan Keluarga-Keluarga Syed Kedah dan Perlis mengalami kerugian 

sebanyak $1,710 kerana pihak polis tidak membenarkan persatuan tersebut 

mengadakan Temasya Aneka Warna di Alor Star. 

613. Ketua Jami’ah sa-lama 28 tahun harus di-pechat kerana disiplin. (1962, Jun 9). Berita Harian, 

p. 1. 

�� 

Dato’ S.I.O Alsagoff ingin terus mengekalkan jawatan Ketua Jami’ah walaupun telah 

diberitahu oleh pihak Jami’ah yang beliau akan dipecat sekiranya tidak mengendahkan 

nasihat Jami’ah. 

614. Ma’aroff memimpin kaum Arab. (1969, April 7). Berita Harian, p. 2. 

�� 

Enche Ma’aroff Mohd Jarhom dilantik menjadi Yang di-Pertua Persatuan Arab Singapura 

sementara Abdul Kadir Ahmad Al-Hadad menjadi Naib Yang di-Pertua. 

615. Moslem Association - Farewell party by Bombay community. (1921, January 5). The Straits 

Times, p. 10. 

� �� 


152 

A tea-party given by the Moslem (Muslim) Association on the occasion of the departure of 

Syed Abdulla bin Hoosen Alkaff to Arabia and M. H. Dawood to India.

616. Moslem hospital for Singapore. (1937, March 15). The Straits Times, p. 17. 

� �� 


This is a summary of proposals and committee members for the Coronation celebration in 

Singapore by the Muslim community. The committee is segmented according to ethnicity 

with a section representing Arabs. 

617. Multi-million dollar trust planned by Muslims. (1952, April 14). The Straits Times, p. 7. 

� �� 


A large fund is set up. A key focus of the trust is the Alsagoff Estate at Geylang. 

618. Muslim Trust Fund’s good work. (1946, October 14). The Straits Times, p. 5. 

� �� 


Gives details of the Muslim Trust Fund Association from its beginnings through the efforts 

of Syed Mohamed Alsagoff in 1904 until its recent developments. Several Arabs are 

mentioned as key leaders in the Association. 

619. Muslimin Trust Fund Association. (1984). �� 

�� . Singapore: The Association. 


This commemorative publication chronicles the history and accomplishments of the 

Muslimin Trust Fund Association. The association was proposed by Syed Mohamed 

Alsagoff and founded in 1904. Then, the organisation managed the Hajah Fatimah 

Mosque, Madrasah Alsagoff Al-Arabiah, and the Darul Ihsan Orphanage. Included at the 

end of the publication is a short biographical write-up on the Alsagoff pioneers. 

620. Muslimin Trust. (1949, May 22). The Sunday Times, p. 5. 

� �� 


This is a listing of members of the management committee for the Muslimin Trust Fund 

Association, Singapore. 


� �� 





� �� 




153

8 Social Life 

623. Penjelasan tentang Dato Syed Ibrahim bin Omar Alsagoff. (1963, April 5). Berita Harian, p. 4. 

�� 

Seorang pembaca telah menyangkal tindakan untuk memecat Dato Syed Ibrahim bin 

Omar Alsagoff kerana dakwaan ke atas beliau semasa mengetuai Jami’ah bukan hal 

yang sebenar. 

624. Persatuan Arab kesal Mu’tamar Islam tidak jalankan kewajipan. (1964, Mac 28) Berita Harian, 

p. 2. 

� �� 

Persatuan Arab Singapura menyatakan dukacitanya terhadap Mu’tamar Islam kerana 

tidak memberi keterangan tentang berita-berita gerakan mereka. 

625. Persatuan Arab memileh anggota2 j-kuasa baru. (1971, Mei 6). Berita Harian, p. 12. 

�� 

Mengandungi senarai nama jawatankuasa Persatuan Arab yang baru dilantik semasa 

mesyuarat agong persatuan tersebut. 

626. Persatuan Arab ubahelok rumah baru. (1990, Disember 9). Berita Harian, p. 2. 

� �� 

Kerja-kerja mengubah elok rumah yang baru dibeli oleh Persatuan Arab Singapura 

dengan harga $1.1 juta sedang dijalankan. Apabila siap kelak, rumah itu bakal 

dinamakan Pusat Bahasa Arab Al-Wehdah dan akan menawarkan kelas-kelas bahasa 

Arab dan agama serta kelas bimbingan bagi kanak-kanak dan ibu bapa. Rumah 

persatuan ini juga akan dilengkapi dengan kemudahan seperti dewan serbaguna, bilik 

mesyuarat, perpustakaan, pejabat pentadbiran dan makmal bahasa Arab. 

627. Persatuan Syed2 mungkin bubar: Ahli2 rasa bosan. (1962, April 1). Berita Harian, p. 10. 

�� 

Ketua Persatuan Keluarga-keluarga Syed Kedah dan Perlis, Syed Osman Alkhadari 

menyatakan kemungkinan persatuan tersebut akan dibubarkan kerana mengalami 

banyak kekusutan dan halangan. 

628. [Photograph of the Arab Peranakan Club]. (1935, June 23). The Straits Times, p. 16. 

� �� 


This is a photograph of the Arab Peranakan Club after the re-election of A. M. Alsagoff as 

president at the recent Annual General meeting. 

629. [Photograph of the Arab Peranakan Club members gathered for the Hari Raya celebrations]. 

(1936, December 20). The Straits Times, p. 27. 

� �� 


154 

This is photograph of the Arab Peranakan Club members gathered for the 

Hari Raya celebrations.

630. [Photograph of members of the Annujum Arabic Gambos Party of Singapore]. (1940, 

September 22). The Straits Times, p. 17. 

� �� 


This is a photograph of members of the Annujum Arabic Gambos Party of Singapore. 

631. [Photograph of the party table hosted by A. M. Alsagoff and the Arab Peranakan Association]. 

(1936, May 3). The Straits Times, p. 15. 

� �� 


This is a photograph of the party table hosted in honour of the Sultan of Siak. 

632. “Progressive Arab”. (1952, May 31). Amazement of an Arab. The Straits Times, Saturday 

Forum p. 9. 

� �� 


The writer complains of the perceived exclusivity seen in the practices of the Arab Union 

of Singapore. 

633. Relief plan for Arabs. (1948, May 24). The Straits Times, p. 6. 

� �� 


Listing of the Committee appointed to raise funds for material support for the Palestinian 

Arabs and Muslims. Members consist of many local Arabs. 

634. Rukiah Othman. (1961, Jun 13). Syed2 di-minta berpadu di-tengah2 masharakat. Berita Harian, 

Sdr Pengarang, p. 4. 

� �� 

Penulis meluahkan rasa syukur terhadap ura-ura untuk menubuhkan Persatuan Syed- 

Syed Singapura dan memberi pandangan mengenai kaum Arab di sini. 

635. Skeleton report of the All Malaya Muslim Missionary Society Singapore. (1936, October). 

Genuine Islam, 40-44. 

Call No.: RRARE 297.05 GI 

� �� 

Other than a report of the activities of the society for the year, this article lists names of 

members of this society. Most are Hadhrami Arabs. 

636. Some proposals of young Arabs “already adopted”. (1992, September 23). The Straits Times, 

p. 24. 

� �� 


�� 

proposed by four young Arab Singaporeans in a controversial paper. 

155

8 Social Life 

637. Union denies charge. (1952, June 3). The Straits Times, p. 7. 

� �� 


Speaking against claims that the Arab Union of Singapore was not developing cultural 

ties of local Arabs, Syed Ali Redha Alsagoff indicates plans to send off children of 

members to various Arab contries for further education. 

638. Usah hirau apa orang lain kata. (1989, September 4). Berita Harian, p. 3. 

� �� 

Presiden Lembaga Biasiswa Kenangan Maulud (LBKM), Syed Ali Redha Alsagoff 

menyatakan pendapatnya bahawa pertubuhan setempat tidak perlu mengendahkan 

cemuhan orang lain terhadap kegiatan yang dijalankan kerana apa yang lebih penting 

ialah menumpukan sepenuh perhatian terhadap kegiatan yang dilakukan untuk 

kebaikan masyarakat. 

639. Usaha “hidupkan” seksi belia badan Arab. (1986, Jun 18). Berita Harian, p. 3. 

� �� 

Bahagian belia Persatuan Arab Singapura diberi semacam nafas baru dengan 

terbentuknya sebuah jawatankuasa sementara. Jawatankuasa tersebut telah 

merencanakan beberapa strategi untuk memajukan persatuan tersebut dan menarik lebih 

ramai belia Arab. 

640. “Wakaf” lands. (1935, June 14). The Straits Times, p. 16. 

� �� 


Gives a brief history of the Muslimin Trust Fund, founded by an Arab; the acquisition of 

“Bukit Wakaf” which is the Muslim burial ground and a brief update on the Arabic Social 

and Literary Club. 

641. Yong, Jeremy Au. (2007, May 26). S’pore to get Arab cultural heritage centre. The Straits 

Times, p. 44. 

� �� 


The article traces the key sites visited by Foreign Minister George Yeo in Yemen. 

Following this, plans are made to establish a cultural centre to encourage the study of 

Arabic culture. 

642. Young Muslims: Physical and Literary Union. (1932, October 2). The Straits Times, p. 4 

� �� 


156 

Some highlights of the Union with details of contributing members, many of whom are 

young Arabs.

8.3 Schools (Madrasahs) 

643. 12 biasiswa di-tawar kapada pelajar2 Aljunied. (1971, September 26). Berita Harian, p. 2. 

�� 

Dua buah universiti di Indonesia menawarkan 12 biasiswa kepada pelajar-pelajar 

�� 

ulama terkenal Indonesia melawat sekolah itu. 

644. 50 peratus daftaran ditolak. (1987, Ogos 26). Berita Harian, Dalam Negeri, p. 7. 

� �� 

Madrasah Aljunied terpaksa menolak permohonan separuh daripada 143 pelajar yang 

mendaftar untuk kelas darjah satu. Menurut pengetua Madrasah Aljunied, Syed Agil 

Osman, sambutan yang di luar dugaan itu menyebabkan pentadbir terpaksa 

membuat pilihan. 

�� 

�� , p. 3. 

� �� 

[In Arabic] On Saturday, 1 Muharram 1304, Madrasah Al-Junayd celebrated the Islamic 

New Year. 

646. Aljunid hendak dirikan bangunan buku. (1969, Januari 16). Berita Harian, p. 2. 

�� 

Bangunan kutubkhanah di Sekolah Ugama Aljunied akan dibesarkan untuk menampung 

lebih banyak buku. 

647. Aljunied buka terima murid. (1970, Disember 11). Berita Harian, p. 2. 

�� 

Pembukaan Sekolah Ugama Aljunied di Victoria St yang dipimpin oleh guru besar Syed 

Abdullah Aljunied. 

648. Aljunied: J-kuasa derma bersidang. (1971, September 30). Berita Harian, p. 12. 

�� 

Mesyuarat Jawatankuasa Derma Bangunan Madrasah Aljunied akan dilangsungkan pada 

5 Oktober setelah tiga kali gagal diadakan kerana tidak cukup koram. Jawatankuasa 

tersebut ditubuhkan untuk mengusahakan dana bagi pembangunan semula 

Madrasah Aljunied. 

649. Aljunied sambut ulang tahun ke-60. (1987, Oktober 28). Berita Harian, Dalam Negeri, p. 3. 

� �� 

Madrasah Aljunied akan mengadakan pelbagai kegiatan menarik sempena ulang tahun 

yang ke-60. Sebuah buku cenderamata yang mengandungi paparan sejarah, kemajuan 

dan perkembangan madrasah tersebut serta pelajar-pelajarnya turut diterbitkan. 

157

8 Social Life 

650. Aljunied, Syed Muhd. Khairudin, & Dayang Istiaisyah Hussin. (2005). Estranged from the 

ideal past: Historical evolution of madrassahs in Singapore. Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, 

25(2), 249-260. 


The authors examine the evolving goals of local madrasahs in the context of the original 

ideal of a madrasah, local Islamic movements, the colonial education system and 

�� 

schools, elaborate on the pondok�� 

- Kaum Muda, the establishment of the modern madrasahs in the early 20th century and 

conclude with the PAP government increasingly questioning the validity of 

these institutions. 

�� , p. 4. 

� �� 

[In Arabic] Schools in Hadhramaut are luxurious. The teachers are preaching about 

reform and encourages the children to learn. 

652. The Alsagoff Arab School. (1923, October 12). The Straits Times, p. 10. 

� �� 


A letter clarifyng that Syed Omar Alsagoff, a trustee of the late Syed Mohammad’s estate 

along with Syed Abdul Rahman bin Johar Alsagoff, had promised to contribute to the 

upkeep of the Alsagoff Arab School. 

653. Alsagoff perlu lagi $1.8 juta. (1989, Januari 20). Berita Harian, Dalam Negeri, p. 3. 

� �� 

Madrasah Alsagoff perlu mengumpulkan 50% daripada ongkos yang diperlukan untuk 

memulakan projek bangunan tambahan dah ubah elok, menurut Pengerusi Lembaga 

Pentadbir Madrasah Alsagoff, Syed Abbas Alsagoff. Masyarakat diharapkan dapat 

memberi kerjasama dan menghulurkan derma supaya dapat mempercepatkan proses 

pembangunan tersebut. 

654. The Alsagoff School. (1913, March 4). The Straits Times, p. 9. 

� �� 


The Governor opens the new Alsagoff School at Jalan Sultan. Some details of Syed 

Mahommed Alsagoff’s initial plans for the school is given. 

655. Al-Saqqaf School of Singapore: Pioneering venture in the island. (1982, November). The Muslim 

�� 

(1), 49-53. 


158 

Provides a comprehensive account of the history of the school.

656. Bahasa Arab untuk bakal pelajar Aljunied. (1981, Ogos 28). Berita Harian, p. 3. 

�� 

Setiap pelajar Madrasah Aljunied Al-Islamiah harus mengikuti kursus khas bahasa Arab 

yang dianjurkannya. Tujuannya ialah untuk memastikan bahawa setiap pelajar boleh 

bertutur dan menulis dalam bahasa Arab. 

657. Bank Islam derma $1.1 juta untuk Madrasah Alsagoff. (1990, Mac 2). Berita Harian, p. 7. 

� �� 

Madrasah Alsagoff telah menerima derma sejumlah $1.1 juta dari sebuah bank Islam 

untuk projek perluasan bangunan madrasah tersebut. Menurut Pengerusi Lembaga 

Madrasah Alsagoff, Syed Abbas Alsagoff, projek tersebut akan dilaksanakan pada 

pertengahan tahun 1990. Selain sumbangan wang, Madrasah Alsagoff juga telah 

mengadakan kegiatan mengumpul dana melalui projek walkaton dan pasar amal pada 23 

dan 24 Mac. 

658. Bekas pelajar Aljunied, ka-Hadramaut melanjutkan pelajaran. (1970, November 15). Berita 

Harian, p. 2. 

�� 

Bekas pelajar Madrasah Aljunied, Hassan bin Ahmad Albahar akan mengikuti 

matapelajaran ‘Mufti’ di Universiti Rubat di Hadramaut. 

659. Chair for Islamic studies urged. (1949, September 10). The Straits Times, p. 4. 

� �� 


S. I. O. Alsagoff appeals for a chair for Islamic studies at the University of Malaya and 

calls for local Muslims to support plans for a Muslim college. 

660. Derma sekolah Al-Mashoor. (1957, Ogos 20). Berita Harian, p. 3. 

� �� 

Hartawan Arab dari Hadhramaut, Tuan Syed Abu Bakar Alkaff menderma kepada 

Madrsah Al-Mashoor Al-Islamiah. 

661. Dua guru mula susun buku teks agama. (1983, Mac 4). Berita Harian, p. 3. 

�� 

Syed Abdillah Aljufri, pensyarah ugama dan guru di Sekolah Menengah Tun Sri Lanang, 

dan Haji Muhammad Ariff Ahmad, pengarah Masjid Al-Muttaqin menulis buku-buku teks 

Islam bagi menengah tiga dan empat. 

�� 

January 10). �� , p. 5. 

� �� 

�� 

�� 

159

8 Social Life 

�� Al- 

�� 

, p. 37. 

� �� 

�� 

�� 

664. GCE aliran agama dan secular di Alsagoff. (1986, Jun 8). Berita Minggu, p. 2. 

� �� 

Madrasah Alsagoff kini menjadi sekolah agama dan sekular sepenuhnya dan dapat 

menampung keperluan pelajar-pelajar yang hendak menduduki peperiksaan Sijil Am 

Pelajaran (GCE) peringkat ‘O’ dan ‘A’. 

�� 

14). Al-Hudá, p. 5. 

� �� 

�� 

�� 

666. J-kuasa khas membina semula Aljunied. (1969, Mei 22). Berita Harian, p. 4. 

�� 

Tiga buah jawatankuasa bagi sektor perancangan, bangunan dan makmal sains 

serta kutubkhanah telah ditubuhkan untuk membuat laporan bagi pembinaan semula 

Madrasah Aljunied. 

667. Kursus guru2 madrasah: MUIS disaran anjurkan lagi. (1982, Disember 21). Berita Harian, p. 3. 

�� 

Kursus untuk guru-guru madrasah yang telah dikendalikan oleh Ustaz Syed Ali Alkaff, 

Ustaz Khairuddin Abdul Hamid dan Ustazah Siti Mariam mendapat sambutan baik dan 

diminta untuk dianjurkan lagi. 

668. Madrasah Al-Attas Alarabiah Johor. (1996-). �� 

. Ulu Tiram, Johor: 

Unit Penerbitan Maaj. 

Call No.: RSEA/ RCLOS 371.07709595 SA 

Memaparkan majalah tahunan dwibahasa (Bahasa Melayu-Bahasa Arab). Ia 

mengandungi rencana tentang Madrasah Al-Attas dalam sejarah pendidikan agama dan 

bahasa Arab. 

�� 

Al-Hudá, p. 11. 

� �� 

160 

�� 

70,000 square feet land. They changed their syllabus as well as their curriculum time 

from morning till afternoon. They made Dutch their second language, as they also have 

engaged a native Dutch speaker as their teacher.

670. Madrasah Aljunied Al-Islamiah (Singapore). (1977). P�� 

�� 

. Singapura: Madrasah Aljunied. 

Call No.: RSING 297.07105957 MAD 

Gambar Al-Marhum Syed Abdul Rahman Junied al-Junied, pengasas Madrasah Aljunied 

disertakan di cenderamata ini. Mengandungi juga kisah-kisah kehidupan bekas mudir 

seperti Assaiyyid Muhammad Alwi Alidirus, yang mengaji di salah sebuah pusat pengajian 

di Tarim Hadhramaut serta Assayid Abu Bakar Tahim Abdul Kadir Assaqaf yang dilahirkan 

di Seiyun, Hadhramaut. 

671. Madrasah Aljunied Al-Islamiah (Singapore). (1987). �� 

Islamiyah, 1927-1987. Singapura: Madrasah Aljunied Al-Islamiyah. 

Call No.: RSING 297.07105957 MAH 

Buku cenderamata ini menceritakan tentang cabaran-cabaran yang dilalui oleh madrasah 

ini. Ia diikuti pula oleh sebuah cerita dari seorang Alma mata madarasah ini iaitu Menteri 

Hal Ehwal Ugama Islam Brunei Darussalam semasa itu, Dr. Haji Mohd Zain Haji Serudin. 

672. Madrasah Aljunied akan minta pengesahan. (1971, September 29). Berita Harian, p. 12. 

�� 

Pengetua Sekolah Ugama Aljunied, Syed Abdullah Aljunied menyatakan bahawa urusan 

biasiswa akan diusahakan setelah pihak madrasah mendapat surat rasmi tentang 

biasiswa yang telah ditawarkan kepada pelajar-pelajar madrasah tersebut. Beliau juga 

mengucapkan terima kasih kepada dua orang ulama Indonesia yang telah menawarkan 

biasiswa tersebut. 

673. Madrasah Aljunied perlu 10 lagi guru. (1990, November 14). Berita Harian, p. 3. 

� �� 

Mudir Madrasah Aljunied, Syed Agil Othman menyatakan bahawa madrasah tersebut 

memerlukan sepuluh lagi guru kerana bilangan pelajar semakin bertambah. Dua guru 

diperlukan dalam bahagian akademik manakala lapan lagi diperlukan untuk mengajar 

bahasa Arab dan agama. 

674. Madrasah Aljunied seru ibu bapa murid. (1980, November 22). Berita Harian, p. 3. 

�� 

Madrasah Aljunied yang pada mulanya hanya mengambil pelajar lelaki kini mendapati 

jumlah pelajar wanitanya lebih ramai daripada pelajar lelaki. Pihak madrasah menyeru 

ibu bapa agar menghantar anak-anak lelaki mereka mengikuti kursus anjuran madrasah 

tersebut. 

�� , p. 4. 

� �� 

�� 

�� 

�� 

shifted to a new area (from Paya Lebar No. 276 to Paya Lebar No. 253). 

161

8 Social Life 

676. Madrasah Al-Maarif Al-Islamiah (Singapore). (1987). Inspiration: Madrasah Al-Maarif 

�� 

. Singapore: 

Madrasah Al-Maarif Al-Islamiah. 


The sections are in English, Malay and Arabic. Of interest is the history of Madrasah 

Al-Maarif Al-Islamiah and information on the founder of the madrasah, As-Syeikh 

Muhammad Fadzlullah Suhaimi. 

677. Madrasah Al-Maarif Al-Islamiah (Singapore). (1987). Mengenal pengasas Madrasah Al-Maarif 

�� 

ceremony, 15th March 1987 (pp. 27-35). Singapore: Madrasah Al-Maarif Al-Islamiah. 


Majalah cenderamata ini membentangkan usaha seorang aktivis yang ingin 

membangunkan sebuah madrasah pertama untuk anak-anak perempuan di Singapura. 

Madrasah Al-Maarif Al-Islamiah dibina di Tanjong Katong pada tahun 1936. Kemudian, ia 

berpindah ke Ipoh Lane pada tahun 1940 di atas sebuah tapak yang dibina oleh seorang 

dermawan di Singapura, Al-marhum Syed Syeikh Omar Bamadhaj. 

678. Madrasah Alsagoff akan bina bangunan tambahan. (1987, Januari 1). Berita Harian, p. 1. 

� �� 

Syed Abbas Alsagoff mengalu-alukan langkah untuk mengekalkan Madrasah Alsagoff 

dan membangunkan sebuah lagi bangunan di kawasan madrasah tersebut. Pihak 

�� 

melakarkan pelan bangunan baru yang akan dibina kelak. 

679. Madrasah Alsagoff anjur kursus komputer. (1989, November 15). Berita Harian, p. 3. 

� �� 

Madrasah Alsagoff akan memulakan kursus komputer dalam bahasa Inggeris dan 

Melayu sebagai usaha untuk menggalakkan ramai orang memahami sistem komputer. 

Kursus komputer akan diadakan untuk tiga golongan – peserta yang telah mempunyai 

komputer, mereka yang merancang untuk membeli dan mereka yang mempunyai 

kemudahan menggunakan komputer di tempat kerja. Yuran peserta akan digunakan 

untuk meningkatkan kelengkapan pendidikan, khususnya dalam bidang komputer. 

680. Madrasah Alsagoff anjur pasar malam. (1990, Mac 21). Berita Harian, p. 3. 

� �� 

Madrasah Alsagoff Al-Arabiah akan menganjurkan pasar malam bagi mengumpul dana 

pembinaan madrasah tersebut. Pelbagai jenis makanan, barang perhiasan dan barang- 

�� 

Al-Quran, syarahan, melukis dan lain-lain. 

681. Madrasah Alsagoff maju ka-muka. (1961, Ogos 13). Berita Harian, p. 3. 

�� 

162 

Kemajuan yang dikecapi Madrasah Alsagoff, walaupun menghadapi kesulitan yang 

belum dapat diatasi.

682. Madrasah Alsagoff perlu lagi $1/2 juta bagi mula ubahelok. (1989, November 15). Berita Harian, 

p. 3. 

� �� 

Pengerusi Lembaga Pentadbir Madrasah Alsagoff, Syed Abbas Alsagoff, mengatakan 

bahawa setakat ini sebanyak $500,000 telah dapat dikumpulkan melalui pelbagai projek 

amal yang telah dijalankan. Namun, beliau menyeru kepada umat Islam agar menderma 

kepada madrasah tersebut kerana mereka memerlukan $1/2 juta lagi sebelum kerja-kerja 

pembangunan boleh dijalankan. 

683. Madrasah Alsagoff rancang perluasan. (1986, Ogos 3). Berita Minggu, Rencana, p. 2. 

� �� 

Madrasah Alsagoff akan diberi wajah baru apabila rancangan perluasannya dilakukan 

kelak. Pihak pentadbir madrasah merancang untuk membina sebuah bangunan 

tambahan dengan belanja sekitar $200,000 untuk menampung keperluan pelajar yang 

kian bertambah. 

684. Madrasah Alsagoff sentiasa menghadapi perubahan, genap berumor 60 tahun. (1971, 

November 8). Berita Harian, p. 9. 

�� 

Madrasah Alsagoff menyambut ulang tahun yang ke-60. Madrasah Alsagoff telah banyak 

mengalami perubahan dari segi kurikulum pendidikan. Madrasah Alsagoff juga sedar 

akan kepentingan menyesuaikan pelajar-pelajar dengan keperluan zaman sekarang 

lantas telah mengenalkan pelajaran sekular disamping pelajaran ukhrawi. 

685. Ma’mal sains yang lengkap untok Aljunied. (1970, Mac 25). Berita Harian, p. 2 

� �� 

Sekolah Ugama Aljunied di Victoria Street akan dilengkapi dengan makmal sains, selaras 

dengan perkembangan sains di Singapura agar pelajar-pelajar Sekolah Ugama Aljunied 

setanding dengan sekolah aliran lain. Orang-orang penting yang terlibat dalam projek ini 

termasuk Syed Abdullah Abdul Rahman Aljunied dan Syed Husain Ali Alsagoff. 

686. Murid Madrasah Alsagoff dapat makmal bahasa. (1984, Februari 2). Berita Harian, p. 3. 

�� 

Madrasah Alsagoff merupakan salah sebuah madrasah yang telah mengikut arus 

teknologi dengan penubuhan sebuah makmal bahasanya sendiri. Menurut Pengerusi 

Lembaga Pentadbir Madrasah Alsagoff, Syed Abbas Alsagoff, makmal tersebut telah 

ditubuhkan dengan belanja kira-kira $15,000. 

687. The Muslim College awaits professors. (1954, November 25). The Straits Times, p. 8. 

� �� 


Syed Ibrahim bin Omar Alsagoff, who heads the central committee, gives an update on 

developments of the Muslim College of Malaya. 

163

8 Social Life 

688. Muslim College opens at Klang. (1955, April 9). The Straits Times, p. 7. 

� �� 


The Muslim College’s opening is covered along with details of its goals, of non-Muslims’ 

entry into the college and further contributions from the Brunei government, S. I. O. 

Alsagoff and Lee Kong Chian. 

689. Muslim drive for college funds. (1951, March 3). The Straits Times, p. 8. 

� �� 


Plans on the country-wide fund by the Muslim College of Malaya Committee were to raise 

$300,000. The fund committee is headed by Syed Ibrahim bin Omar Alsagoff, while other 

committee members were several prominent local Arabs. 

690. “A Muslim from the North”. (1923, October 15). The Alsagoff Arab School. The Straits Times, 

p. 10. 

� �� 


This is a brief note to indicate that the renowned Mr G. Sarwar has inspected the School 

with a good outcome. 

691. “A Muslim from the West”. (1923, October 10). The Alsagoff Arab School. The Straits Times, 

p. 10. 

� �� 


The letterwriter is responding to an earlier writer “Worshipper”, noting the challenges 

faced in soliciting for money for the Alsagoff Arab School and a suggestion to indicate 

what these money will be spent on. 

692. Muslim Gurus’ Association - Financial aid for Islamic schools. (1941, April 7). The Straits Times, 

p. 8. 

� �� 


A summary of the objectives and the context of the formation of the Lembaga Guru Igama 

(Chawangan Jamiah), which provide details of local Islamic schools. 

693. Muslims and University. (1949, July 26). The Straits Times, p. 6. 

� �� 


164 

�� 

planned Muslim religious college in Malaya.

694. Muslims told: Give - it’s a duty. (1954, September 27). The Straits Times, p. 7. 

� �� 


�� 

the Muslim College of Malaya. 

695. Nuryati Duriat. (1977, November 12). O-ramai dirayu bantu usaha utk kekalkan Madrasah 

Aljunied. Berita Harian, p. 2. 

� �� 

Pengetua Madrasah Aljunied, Ustaz Ahmad Sonhaji menyeru masyarakat agar memberi 

sokongan dan berusaha untuk mengekalkan dan ’menghidupkan’ madrasah yang telah 

diasaskan oleh Syed Abdul Rahman Aljunied. Bilangan pelajar di Madrasah Aljunied 

semakin merosot tahun demi tahun. 

696. Nuryati Duriat. (1977, November 14). J-kuasa selaras usaha pastikan Aljunied dpt kerja 

disaran. Berita Harian, p. 8. 

� �� 

Encik Sidek Saniff memberi saranan bahawa sebuah jawatankuasa patut ditubuhkan 

untuk membantu pelajar-pelajar lulusan Madrasah Aljunied mendapat pekerjaan. 

Madrasah tersebut juga telah membina sebuah khutubkhanah dan makmal sains untuk 

menyediakan pembelajaran yang lebih menyeluruh dan bukan terbatas kepada ilmu 

ukhrawi sahaja. 


[Transcript of 

Cassette Recording No. 002030]. Retrieved November 11, 2008 from National Archives of 

Singapore Web site http://www.a2o.com.sg 

The interviewee describes the nature and development of madrasah education in 

Singapore, as well as management and school life of the Madrasah Aljunied. The 

interview was conducted in Malay. 

698. Pelan bangunan diubah. (1987, Ogos 12). Berita Harian, Dalam Negeri, p. 7. 

� �� 

Syed Abbas Syed Alsagoff memberitahu bahawa beberapa perubahan kecil mungkin 

dilakukan terhadap pelan pembinaan dua buah bangunan tambahan untuk Madrasah 

Alsagoff. Dua buah bangunan tambahan itu mungkin diubah menjadi bangunan 

tambahan setinggi tiga dan dua tingkat. 

699. Pembenaan sa-mula Madrasah Al-Junied: Sidang hari ini. (1969, Jun 25). Berita Harian, p. 10. 

�� 

Pengerusi Jawatankuasa Derma Madrasah Aljunied, Syed Omar bin Abdul Rahman 

Alsagoff mengadakan sebuah sidang untuk meluluskan pembangunan semula 

sekolah itu. 

165

8 Social Life 

700. Projek tambahan diterima pemerintah. (1987, Disember 5). Berita Harian, p. 3. 

� �� 

Projek tambahan dan ubah elok Madrasah Alsagoff menelan belanja kira-kira $2.1 juta. 

Menurut Pengerusi Lembaga Pentadbir Madrasah Alsagoff, Syed Abbas Alsagoff, pihak 

madrasah telah menyiapkan sebuah model kajian bagi memudahkan perundingan projek 

tersebut. Kerja-kerja pembinaan akan dimulakan Julai hadapan. 

701. Projek terbesar Madrasah Alsagoff. (1987, Februari 5). Berita Harian, p. 3. 

� �� 

Bangunan Madrasah Alsagoff dijangka lebih luas dan lengkap dengan pelbagai 

kemudahan sekiranya pelan untuk projek tambahan dan ubah elok diluluskan. 

702. Ranchang membina semula Madrasah Aljunied di-teruskan. (1971, Mei 22). Berita Harian, p. 12. 

�� 

Rancangan untuk membina semula Madrasah Aljunied yang telah tergendala diteruskan 

supaya dapat menampung lebih ramai pelajar, sejajar dengan kemajuan Singapura. 

703. Religious teaching: Proposed for Malay vernacular schools. (1924, June 24). The Straits Times, 

p. 2. 

� �� 


An appeal led by Shaikh Muhammad Basalamah calls for the inclusion of religious 

teaching in Malay vernacular schools. A listing of the various uses of a fund created for 

this purpose is appended. 

704. Religious training: Success of Singapore Muslims’ co-operation. (1924, September 16). 


� �� 


Mr Shaikh Muhammad Basalamah’s appeal for religious teaching to be included in Malay 

vernacular schools has led to more than $900 collected and supportive steps by 

the government. 

705. Rozhan Kuntom. (1957). A general survey of Muslim religious schools in Malaya. Unpublished 

academic exercise, University of Malaya. 


166 

Rozhan traces the different religious institutions throughout Malaya. He examines that 

kind of institutions, the teaching methods used as well as the subjects taught. This survey 

was carried out in September 1965.

706. Salma Semono. (1974, Februari 1). Penuntut2 wanita di Aljunied bertambah. Berita Harian, 

Berita2 dalam negeri, p. 2. 

� �� 

Seramai 32 orang pelajar wanita didaftarkan di Madrasah Aljunied Al-Islamiah. Namun, 

pelajar-pelajar dari Singapura belum lagi mengikuti sebarang kuliah kerana permohonan 

mereka perlu diperhalusi lagi dan mereka akan ditempatkan di darjah yang berbeza, 

bergantung kepada peringkat pelajaran mereka. Oleh sebab jumlah pelajar wanita masih 

kecil, pelajar wanita dan lelaki akan dicampurkan dalam satu kelas. 

707. �� 

. (1992). 

Johor Bahru: s. n. 

Call No.: RSEA/ RCLOS 371.07709595 SAM 

Sejak ditubuhkan pada tahun 1913 oleh Allahyarham Habib Hassan Al Attas, madrasah 

ini telah melahirkan ahli-ahli agama Islam di Johor. Majalah ini mengandungi kata-kata 

aluan dari Dato’ Syed Hamid Albar, Syed Ali Al-Attas, Syed Mustaffa Al-Sagoff serta Syed 

Hussein Al-atas. Menyenarai nama-nama pelajar kuliah Al-Attas dari 1936-1937, bekas 

pelajar-pelajar madrasah Al-Attas yang pernah dan sedang berkhidmat di jabatan-jabatan 

kerajaan negeri atau pusat, nama-nama bekas guru-guru dan mudir-mudir madrasah, 

laporan tentang kegiatan pelajar-pelajar, rencana dari pelajar dan sebagainya. 

708. Sejarah Jamiat Kheir 1901, 1905, 1919 hingga sekarang. (2008). Buletin Khusus Daarul Aitam 

77 tahun (Edisi Syawal 1429H), 12-13. 

Call No.: RSEA 362.73209598 BDA 

Mengenai sejarah ringkas pembangunan Jamiat Kheir yang didirikan sejak 1901. 

Menyebut nama-nama pemimpin pertubuhan yang berketurunan Arab. 

709. Sekolah Arab ubah system. (1958, Januari 22). Berita Harian, Suara Daerah, p. 7 

� �� 

Guru besar Sekolah Arab Zainal Abidin, Ustaz Sheikh Mahmud Bakar Rafe’ 

mengumumkan perubahan besar dalam sistem pelajaran dan corak pentadbiran. 

710. Sekolah “lebeh” berguna dari masjid. (1959, Jun 18). Berita Harian, p. 2. 

�� 

Tuan Syed Muhammad Al-Masri berpendapat lebih baik madrasah didirikan dahulu 

daripada masjid. Beliau juga menyeru agar umat Islam memperbanyakkan solat dan 

menyontohi Nabi Muhammad. 

711. Spirit of Islam “can beat Reds”. (1949, July 21). The Straits Times, p. 5. 

� �� 


S. I. O. Alsagoff details plans for a Muslim college in Malaya noting that it could deter 

communism amongst Malays. 

167

8 Social Life 

712. Suhairi S. (1976, Disember 19). Sumbangan Madrasah Aljunied dipapar dlm u-tahun 

Jubli Emas. Berita Harian, p. 3. 

� �� 

Madrasah Aljunied menyambut ulangtahun Jubli Emasnya dengan mengenang kembali 

segala pencapaian yang telah dikecapi semenjak madrasah itu ditubuhkan oleh 

pengasasnya, Allahyarham Syed Abu Bakar bin Taha Alsagoff. Ramai bekas pelajar 

Madrasah Alsagoff telah menjawat jawatan tinggi dalam pertubuhan Islam seperti Majlis 

Ugama Islam Brunei. Ini jelas mencerminkan matlamat madrasah Aljunied iaitu supaya 

setiap ilmu – biar sebesar debu – dikembangkan dan ditaburkan kepada masyarakat. 

713. Sulaiman Jeem. (1977, Mac 13). Pengetua Madrasah Aljunied yg tetap dikenang. Berita Harian, 

Tokoh semalam dan hari ini, p. 9. 

� �� 

Allahyarham Syed Abu Bakar Alsagoff dikenang jasanya sebagai seorang ahli ulama 

yang amat kaya dengan ilmu agama dan disegani ramai. Selain itu, beliau juga pernah 

menjadi guru besar Madrasah Aljunied. Beliau dilahirkan di Seiyun, ibukota Hadhramaut 

dan telah berhijrah ke Mekah untuk menuntut ilmu sebelum ke Singapura. 

714. Sulaiman Jeem. (1977, April 14). Maju-mundur Madrasah Aljunied terletak di tangan penguasa. 


� �� 

Penulis berpendapat bahawa maju atau mundur seseorang pelajar itu bergantung 

kepada inisiatif yang diambil oleh sesebuah institusi. Penulis telah membuat rujukan 

kepada Madrasah Aljunied yang telah melahirkan ramai para lulusan yang berjaya. 

715. Syed Abdillah dipinjam ke unit didikan agama. (1989, Oktober 1). Berita Minggu, Dalam Negeri, 

p. 2. 

� �� 

Ustaz Syed Abdillah Aljufri akan memulakan tugas sebagai Penolong Pengarah 

Unit Pendidikan Agama Majlis Ugama Islam Singapura (MUIS) November ini. Beliau 

bertanggungjawab bagi merangka dan menyemak semula sukatan Bahasa Arab dan 

Pengetahuan Agama Islam. 

716. Walk-a-thon Alsagoff. (1987, Julai 7). Berita Harian, Dalam Negeri, p. 3. 

� �� 

Lembaga Pentadbir Madrasah (LPM) Alsagoff akan mengadakan ‘Walk-a-thon Muharram’ 

untuk mengumpul dana bagi kerja-kerja ubah elok serta pendidikan Islamiah. LPM 

Alsagoff berharap akan dapat mengumpul antara $50,000 dengan $70,000. 

717. ”Worshipper”. (1923, October 6). The Alsagoff Arab School. The Straits Times, p. 10. 

� �� 


168 

The letter writer is concerned why the Singapore Arab School has such a low rollcall and 

delineates some measures for improvement in the running of the school.

718. Zawiyah Salleh. (1988, Julai 9). Pelajar Aljunied nikmati peralatan baru. Berita Harian, p. 3. 

� �� 

Pelajar Aljunied telah menggantikan kerusi meja lama kepada yang baru, termasuk 

peralatan bilik darjah seperti papan hitam. Madrasah tersebut telah menjalani kerja 

pembangunan setelah memperolehi dana daripada kutipan derma dan projek wakaf. 

719. Zawiyah Salleh. (1989, November 9). Selaras kurikulum didikan agama tugas Syed Abdillah. 

Berita Harian, p .3. 

� �� 

8.4 Mosques 

Syed Abdillah Aljufri, yang baru dilantik sebagai Penolong Pengarah, Unit Pendidikan 

Agama, Majlis Ugama Islam Singapura (MUIS), memikul tanggungjawab menyelaraskan 

kurikulum pelajaran agama dan meningkatkan taraf pembelajaran di madrasah. 

Menurutnya, usaha itu akan dijalankan secara berperingkat. 

720. Abaza, Mona. (1997). A mosque of Arab origin in Singapore: History, functions and networks. 

Archipel, 53, 61-83. 


This focuses on Ba’alawi Mosque located in Lewis Road in Bukit Timah area. Abaza 

�� 

�� 

generation Singaporean Hadhrami; (ii) lively activities held in the mosque, in particular, 

the dissemination of a text or religious incantation called �� 

all over the 

�� 

has with women who consulted him. This attempts to bring materials on the setting of the 

mosque to reveal the networks it has with the Middle East. 

721. Abd. Rani Mustaffa, Haji. (1972, Oktober 6). Masjid Mattar mungkin akan di-besarkan. Berita 

Harian, p. 4. 

� �� 

Sejarah Masjid Mattar dan sebab mengapa ia akan dibesarkan. Masjid Mattar dibina 

kerana tidak ada masjid yang berdekatan di kawasan itu. 

722. King Faisal’s gift to mosque. (1968, April 11). The Straits Times, p. 4. 

� �� 


Dato Syed Ibrahim bin Omar Alsagoff, Consul-General of Saudi Arabia gives a donation 

on behalf of the King to Dato S. M. Alkaff for renovations in the Sultan Mosque. 

169

8 Social Life 

723. Masjid Alkaff masih jadi kunjungan orang ramai. (1985, Februari 23). Berita Harian, p. 3. 

� �� 

Masjid Alkaff di Kampong Melayu masih tersergam indah walaupun telah dibina sejak 

1932. Masjid tersebut masih dikunjungi para jemaah dari Bedok, Tampines dan 

estet-estet lain. 

724. Masjid Alkaff rayu lagi. (1987, Ogos 24). Berita Harian, Dalam Negeri, p. 8. 

� �� 

Badan pentadbir Masjid Alkaff merayu kepada pihak pemerintah agar keputusan untuk 

merobohkan masjid tersebut dikaji semula dengan tujuan mengekalkannya. Masjid Alkaff 

telah dibina oleh Encik Syed Ahmad Alkaff dan Encik Ambo Sooloh. 

725. Masjid Mattar Road perlu di-luas. (1971, Jun 4). Berita Harian, p. 7. 

�� 

Rancangan untuk memperluaskan Masjid Mattar Road sedang dalam perbincangan 

memandangkan lebih ramai umat Islam menunaikan ibadat mereka di masjid itu. Dana 

untuk memperluaskan masjid itu akan disumbang oleh MUIS dan sebahagian lagi dari 

kutipan derma yang bakal dijalankan. 

726. Mufti gariskan t-jawab pentadbir2 masjid. (1985, Januari 4). Berita Harian, p. 3. 

� �� 

Mufti Singapura, Syed Isa Semait menyeru anggota-anggota lembaga pentadbir masjid 

agar melaksanakan amanah yang telah diserahkan dengan ikhlas, jujur, rendah hati, 

penuh tanggungjawab dan bertolak-ansur. Beliau juga meyakinkan mereka bahawa 

MUIS akan sentiasa memberi sokongan dalam segala hal yang memberi faedah kepada 

masyarakat Islam seluruhnya. 

727. Musjid Sultan fund. (1924, September 26). The Straits Times, p. 11. 

� �� 


A listing of primarily Arab donors and their individual contributions to the Musjid (Masjid) 

Sultan Fund. 

728. Musjid Sultan fund. (1926, January 27). The Straits Times, p. 11. 

� �� 


A listing of donors and their individual contributions to the Musjid (Masjid) Sultan Fund. 

These include some Arabs. 

729. Omar Kampong Malacca Mosque. (2003, June-July). Treasures of Time, 12. 

Call No.: RSING 959.57 TT 

170 

�� 

mosque was built by local Arab pioneer, Syed Omar bin Ali Aljunied, in 1820.

730. �� 

. (1968). Singapore: Malaysia Press. 

Call No.: RCLOS 297.35 MAS 

� �� 

Ucapan perutusan diberikan oleh Dato’ Syed Ibrahim Omar Alsagoff, Konsol Agung 

Kerajaan Saudia Arabia di Singapura sementara kata-kata aluan diberikan oleh Dato’ 

Syed Mohamed Alkaff, J. P. Memberikan gambaran yang jelas tentang tapak lama Masjid 

Sultan dan sekumpulan perintis yang melibatkan diri dalam pembangunan masjid ini. 

731. Sultan Mosque: Kampong Glam. (1926, February 19). The Straits Times, p. 10. 

� �� 


A report by Syed Abdulrahman bin Alkaff concerning plans and funding to rebuild the 

Sultan Mosque. 

732. Usaha cari dana Alkaff jaya berkat kegigihan. (1982, Mac 2). Berita Harian, p. 3. 

�� 

Pengerusi Masjid Alkaff, Syed Sidek Ismail menjelaskan bahawa pelbagai usaha 

memungut derma telah dijalankan oleh pihaknya untuk membesarkan masjid itu. Dermaderma 

juga diperlukan untuk menjalankan pelbagai rancangan yang bakal dilancarkan. 

733. Yaakub Rashid. (1982, May 31). Old mosques dating back to early Singapore. The Straits 

Times, p. 4. 

� �� 


This is a survey of heritage mosques around Singapore. Many were built by local 

Arabs such as the Masjid Omar Kampong Melaka which was built by Syed Omar bin Ali 

Aljunied. Other mosques are the Sultan Mosque, the Hajjah Fatimah Mosque and the 

Khadijah Mosque. 

734. Zawiyah Salleh. (1990, April 20). Masjid Sultan giat atur projek kumpul dana. Berita Harian, 

p. 10. 

� �� 

Lembaga Pengamanah Masjid Sultan giat melancarkan projek mengumpul dana untuk 

projek perluasan masjid itu. Antara tiga acara yang dijalankan adalah jualan amal 

Ramadan, iklan memungut derma di akhbar dan danathon yang akan diadakan pada 

bulan Julai. Apabila siap kelak, masjid itu akan mempunyai sebuah bangunan tambahan 

setinggi tiga tingkat dan akan dilengkapi dengan auditorium, dewan serbaguna, bilik 

persidangan, kutubkhanah, bilik darjah, pusat maklumat dan pejabat. 

171

8 Social Life 

8.5 Keramat 

735. Guillot, Claude, & Kalus, Ludvik. (2003). L’énigmatique inscription musulmane du maqâm de 

Kediri (Xe s. H./ XVIe s. E.C.). Archipel, 65, 25-42. 


[In French] There is a keramat by the name of Sentana Gedong in the centre of the town 

of Kediri in Java. There are two hypotheses given for the origin of the keramat. 

736. Kaptein, N. J. G�� 

Batang in Batavia. In Huub de Jonge & N. J. G. Kaptein (Eds.), Transcending borders: Arabs, 



This paper examines the contentions surrounding the income received from visitors to the 

shrine of Habib Husayn ibn Abi Bakr ibn ‘Abd Allah al-Aydarus’ located in Luar Batang, 

north of Jakarta. The author begins by describing the disagreements on the rightful claims 

�� 

saint. He then looks at the decline in income due to Islamic reformism where Arabs were 

no longer accorded privileged religious statuses by their ancestry, and where veneration 

of saints is censured. 

737. Knysh, Alexander D. (1997). The cult of the saints and religious reformism in Hadhramaut. In 

Ulrike Freitag & W. G. Clarence-Smith (Eds.), Hadrami traders, scholars, and statesmen in the 

�� 

(pp. 199-216). Leiden; New York: Brill. 


The veneration of holy men and women is a common phenomenon in different traditions. 

In the Muslim world, this practice is common amongst ordinary Muslims. However, 

certain Muslim scholars have condemned such acts. The history of the rise of religious 

modernism in the late 19 th and early 20 th century sees the cult of saints being chosen as a 

rallying point, instead of other traditions and customs within the religious discourse. 

738. Mohamed Nahar Ros. (1985). Sacred places: Keramats in Singapore. Unpublished academic 

exercise, National University of Singapore. 


This study on keramats in Singapore includes an analysis of the Keramat Habib Noh, a 

popular sacred site that attracts votaries from parts of Southeast Asia, and even India, the 

Middle East and Africa. The Keramat Habib Noh is said to house the grave of Saiyid Noh 

bin Mohamed Alhabshee, an Arab by descent. 

739. Rivers, P. J. (Philip J.). (2003). Keramat in Singapore in the mid-twentieth century. Journal of 

the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 76(2), 93-119. 

Call no.: RSING 959.5 JMBRAS 

172 

The author provides the background to the history of the keramat in Singapore from 

pre-Islamic practices to the British colonial period. He dissects the meaning of the word 

keramat��

740. Strange stories about Keramat Sungei Udang. (1960, July 17). The Straits Times, p. 7. 

� �� 


8.6 Culinary culture 

Describes the shrine near Port Dickson known as Keramat Sungei Udang, which is 

believed to be the grave of Sheikh Ahmad Majnun who was possibly an Arab with Indian 

links. He died in 1467. The article attempts to unravel the facts behind the legends 

surrounding this shrine. 

741. Alhadad, Abdul Kader. (1997). Qishr. �� 

Singapore, 2(2), 4. 


�� Qishr, a 

type of ginger coffee. It ends with a recipe for Qishr. 

742. Alkaff Arcade - Congratulations at the inaugural luncheon. (1909, November 29). The Straits 

Times, p. 7. 

� �� 


Details of the celebratory lunch given by Alkaff and Co. on the occasion of the opening 

of the Alkaff Arcade. The menu and highlights of the speeches are given, particularly by 

Frank Adams, Buckley and the architect McLeod Craik. 

743. Oon, Violet. (1979, September 23). Abdullah lays on a 28-dish feast. The Straits Times, p. 15. 

� �� 


A review of the Rijstaffel spread at the coffee lounge of Goodwood Park Hotel cooked 

by Syed Alwee bin Abdullah of Arab parentage. Oon highlights details of his meal, which 

�� 

�� 

Arab Association of Singapore, 1(1). 


The article traces Shariffah’s career which began with cooking classes in her home whilst 

she was still in her teens and culminated when she opened her restaurants. This includes 

Bintang Timur at Far East, another at Golden Landmark and the most recent at Kuala 

Lumpur. Three receipes, namely of Nasi Masri, Makhtom and Mahallabia are appended. 

745. Talib, Khaled. (1997). Arabic cuisine. �� 

Singapore, 2(1), 8-9. 


Khaled examines Yemen cuisine as served in restaurants and at home. He includes two 

recipes, Tabouleh and Khoubiz (Arab bread), by Nadjah Alkhatib. 

173

8 Social Life 

8.7 Sports 

746. Abdul-Ghani Hasan. (1970, September 14). Sepaktakraw antara regu Perisai Syed Agil 

Barakbah. Berita Harian, p. 8. 

� �� 

Syed Agil Barakbah, ahli jawatankuasa kerja Persatuan Sepakraga Malaysia, telah 

menganjurkan pertandingan sepaktakraw ini untuk memberi peluang dan galakan kepada 

pemain-pemain berbakat menunjukkan kebolehan masing-masing. 

747. Ahmad gembira dengan hadiah2 b’ton PBMS. (1972, Mei 15). Berita Harian, p. 9. 

�� 

Syed Ahmad Bakar berpuas hati dengan hadiah-hadiah kemenangannya dalam 

Kejohanan Badminton Melayu Singapura. 

748. Alsagoff kept brilliantly. (1952, November 1). The Straits Times, p. 10. 

� �� 


�� 

is commended. 

749. Bolasepak tentera piala Alsagoff. (1967, Mei 22). Berita Harian, p. 7. 

� �� 

Pertandingan bola sepak untuk merebut Piala Alsagoff diadakan. Piala tersebut adalah 

sumbangan daripada Allahyarham Dato Syed Ahmad Alsagoff. 

750. B’ton Melayu Malaya ka-Bangkok. (1961, Disember 21). Berita Harian, p. 8. 

�� 

Syed Abbas Alhabshee, Naib Yang Di-Pertua Persekutuan Persatuan2 Badminton 

Melayu Malaya (PPBMM) mengetuai rombongan badminton ke Bangkok untuk 

perlawanan persahabatan dengan Persatuan Badminton Siam. 

751. Hussein Yasman. (1971, Oktober 15). Perak lega apabila “hero” Syed Ahmad turun berlateh. 


� �� 

Mencerminkan peranan penting Syed Ahmad dalam pasukan bola negeri Perak. 

752. Malay Island sports. (1926, May 18). The Straits Times, p. 10. 

� �� 


174 

��

753. Malayan club activities: Success of weight lifting. (1935, April 21). The Straits Times, p. 20. 

� �� 


Syed Hussain bin Ahmad Alkaff, chairman of the Singapore Amateur Weight Lifting 

�� 

754. Mohd Saini Ali. (1986, November 29). Syed Ahmad ketuai Melayu Singapura. Berita Harian, 

p. 11. 

� �� 

Bekas juara nasional Singapura, Syed Ahmad Bakar mengetuai Melayu Singapura ke 

Kejohanan Badminon Antara Pasukan untuk merebut Piala Dr Ahmad Mattar. Beliau telah 

dilantik oleh Jawatankuasa Pilihan dan Latihan. 

755. [Photograph of the Muslim Jubilee sports committee members]. (1935, June 18). The Straits 

Times, p. 14. 

� �� 


This is a photograph of the Muslim Jubilee sports committee members that includes H. A. 

Alsagoff and Alikhan Suratee A. M. Alsagoff. 

756. Saparin Rasikin. (1974, April 26). Pertandingan Syed Hashim, Jamal dijangka paling menarik. 


� �� 

Penglibatan Syed Hashim dalam Kejohanan Badminton Melayu Singapura. Saparin 

menjangkakan perlawanan yang paling menarik di antara beliau dengan Jamal Haji Sirat. 

757. Saparin Rasikin. (1974, September 18). Hussein Aljunied rasmi jadi jurulatih bolasepak Melayu 

S’pura. Berita Harian, p. 7. 

� �� 

Persatuan Bola Sepak Melayu Singapura telah melantik Hussein Aljunied sebagai salah 

seorang daripada jurulatihnya selepas Napi Bahri meletakkan jawatan. 

758. Saparin Rasikin. (1978, Ogos 13). Syed Hussein yakin harapannya cerah dalam Kejohanan 

B’ton Kebangsaan. Berita Harian, Sukan Hujung Minggu, p. 12. 

� �� 

Syed Hussein percaya bahawa peluang untuk merebut gelaran juara dalam Kejohanan 

Badminton Kebangsaan tahun ini semakin cerah kerana beliau telah menyertai dua 

pertandingan antarabangsa dan ini sekaligus telah meningkatkan keyakinannya terhadap 

kebolehannya. 

175

8 Social Life 

759. Saparin Rasikin. (1980, Jun 25). Syed Mutalib dalam pertimbangan Jita. Berita Harian, p. 9. 

�� 

Pemain bola sepak Syed Mutalib mungkin akan bermain dalam pertandingan akhir bola 

sepak Piala Malaysia. Walaupun ada pemain yang lebih cergas daripadanya, pengurus 

pasukan, Jita Singh memberi peluang kepada Syed Mutalib berdasarkan pengalaman 

beliau dalam sukan bola sepak. 

760. Sumadi Sarkawi. (1974, Julai 4). Syed Kadir dan Jeeris dijangka pertahan gelarannya dgn 

mudah. Berita Harian, p. 7. 

� �� 

Bintang tinju Sukan SAT Singapura Syed Abdul Kadir dan Cyril Jeeris dijangka dapat 

mempertahankan gelaran mereka dengan mudah dalam Kejohanan Tinju Kebangsaan. 

Pertandingan ini merupakan satu ujian untuk memilih petinju-petinju handal yang dapat 

mewakili Singapura ke Sukan Asia yang akan berlangsung September ini di Tehran. 

761. Sumadi Sarkawi. (1975, Jun 2). Syed Ahmad tunjuk handalnya lagi malam ini setelah 

“menghilang” diri. Berita Harian, p. 6. 

� �� 

Syed Ahmad Bakar, bekas pemain badminton kebangsaan kembali bertanding setelah 

setahun berehat. Beliau dipilih menjadi pemain pilihan kelima yang akan bertanding 

dalam bahagian perseorangan. 

762. Sumadi Sarkawi. (1975, November 1). Syed Hashim menggondol tiga jenis gelaran. Berita 

Harian, p. 6. 

� �� 

Syed Hashim dari pasukan Muhibbah menggondol tiga gelaran dalam Kejohanan 

Badminton Melayu. Beliau memenangi gelaran perseorangan senior, perseorangan 

pemuda dan beregu pemuda berpasangan dengan Syed Khalid. Syed Ahmad Bakar pula 

berjaya memungut gelaran beregu senior. 

763. Sumadi Sarkawi. (1976, Oktober 2). Syed Ahmad siap rebut gelaran badminton k’saan. Berita 

Harian, p. 7. 

� �� 

Syed Ahmad Bakar, pemain badminton handal Singapura berharap untuk memenangi 

gelaran Kebangsaan dalam Kejohanan Badminton Kebangsaan. Beliau berpendapat 

bahawa peluang kejayaannya dalam pertandingan ini amat baik walaupun beliau dapat 

menjangka bahawa pemain handal Chin Soon Chye akan bertanding dengannya pada 

peringkat separuh akhir nanti. 

764. Syed Ahmad akan lawan Samsuddin. (1986, Januari 19). Berita Minggu, Sukan, p. 11. 

� �� 

176 

Syed Ahmad Al-Hamid berjaya menempatkan diri ke pertandingan akhir Kejohanan 

Badminton Melayu Wiener King untuk menentang Samsuddin Mohammad.

765. Syed Kadir mungkin adakan pertunjokan di-Jakarta. (1972, Jul 2). Berita Harian, p. 12. 

�� 

Syed Abdul Kadir, peninju yang akan mewakili Singapura dalam Sukan Olimpik 

mengadakan perlawanan pertunjukan di Jakarta. 

766. Yusoff Rahman. (1976, September 19). Syed Ahmad antara 4 dipilih untuk B’ton Asia. Berita 

Harian, p. 10. 

� �� 

Syed Ahmad adalah antara empat pemain badminton yang terpilih untuk mewakili 

Singapura dalam Kejohanan Badminton Asia pertama di Hyderabad, India. 

767. Yusoff Rahman. (1976, September 24). Hussein akan kembali bertugas sebagai jurulatih 

kebangsaan lepas Hari Raya. Berita Harian, p. 7. 

� �� 

Hussein Aljunied akan kembali bertugas dalam panel jurulatih pasukan kebangsaan 

selepas Hari Raya. Khabar angin yang menyatakan bahawa beliau akan meletak jawatan 

bersama rakannya Andrew Yap tidak benar kerana beliau hanya perlu berehat seketika 

sebelum membuat persiapan untuk pasukan kebangsaannya. 

768. Yusoff Rahman. (1980, Mac 16). Aman, Fazli diduga kekal kejuaraan. Berita Harian, p. 10. 

� �� 

Adik-beradik Aman dan Alwi Aljunied dijangka memenangi perlumbaan motor-cross 

bahagian Production Standard Open. Aman pernah menjuarai perlumbaan bahagian 

Production Standard Open Castrol dan Suzuki tahun lalu. 

177

9 MATERIAL CULTURE 

9.1 Architecture & place 

769. $3 juta untuk bangunan semula Alkaff Mansion. (1989, April 20). Berita Harian, p. 1. 

� �� 

Zaman kegemilangan banglo Alkaff Mansion akan dihidupkan semula dengan belanja 

$3 juta. Bangunan tersebut akan dikekalkan kerana rekabentuk dan sejarahnya 

yang menarik. 

770. A. Rahman Basirun. (1990, November 19). Sejarah akan dirakamkan. Berita Harian, p. 8. 

� �� 

Hasil kajian mengenai sejarah Alkaff Mansion, keluarga Alkaff serta sumbangan mereka 

kepada perkembangan sejarah dan ekonomi Singapura akan dibukukan dan dijual 

kepada orang ramai. Alkaff Mansion terkenal dengan seni binanya serta layanan baik 

yang diberikan oleh keluarga Alkaff terhadap tetamu yang mengunjungi 

bangunan tersebut. 

771. Alkaff Arcade - The latest addition to Singapore business buildings. (1909, November 27). 


� �� 


Gives details of the unique design of the new Alkaff Arcade. 

772. Alkaff House tambah lagi daya penarik. (1987, Mei 15). Berita Harian, p. 13. 

� �� 

Alkaff House akan melalui langkah-langkah pembaharuan untuk menarik lebih ramai 

pelancong ke sana. Ini adalah sebahagian daripada usaha Lembaga Penggalak 

Pelancongan Singapura (STPB) memperbanyakkan tempat-tempat menarik kepada 

para pelancong. 

773. Alkaff Mansion ditempah hingga 1993. (1990, September 7). Berita Harian, p. 12. 

� �� 

178 

Alkaff Mansion dibuka secara rasmi setelah dibangunkan semula. Bangunan itu telah pun 

menerima tempahan majlis perkahwinan, makan malam dan jamuan hari lahir sehingga 

1993, walaupun baru sahaja dibuka. Reka bentuk Alkaff Mansion dan perabot-perabot 

yang melengkapi bangunan itu mengembalikan suasana 1920-an lantas tidak sesuai 

untuk majlis yang bertema moden.

774. Bussorah Street “kembali bernyawa”. (1990, April 5). Berita Harian, p. 8. 

� �� 

Suasana di Bussorah Street lebih meriah menjelang bulan Ramadan dengan geraigerai 

menjual juadah berbuka puasa. Menurut Pengerusi Lembaga Pengamanah Masjid 

Sultan, Shaikh Abu Bakar Mattar, antara jualan yang paling popular adalah ayam percik, 

nasi briyani, sate dan rojak. 

775. Chinese New Year scenes. (1936, January 27). The Straits Times, p. 20. 

� �� 


�� 

the New Year celebrations. 

776. Colony cavalcade. (1936, August 9). The Straits Times, p. 2. 

� �� 


This is both a visual and descriptive tour of the Alkaff Gardens, giving details of its history 

and landscape. 

777. Ferrand, Charles. (1949, February 10). An artist visits old Penang. The Straits Times, p. 8 

� �� 


The article describes the design and history behind St George Church and the Mosque 

along Acheen Street in Penang. A Hadhrami, Sayyid Husain Aidid and a relation of 

the Sultan of Acheen, built the mosque in 1808. Included here are black-and-white 

reproductions of the author’s oil paintings of these buildings. 

778. Hwang, T. F. (1977, April 2). T. F. Hwang takes you down memory lane. The Straits Times, p. 14. 

� �� 


Hwang reminisces over Arab estates such as the Alsagoff Estate at Paya Lebar and 

the Alkaff Gardens in Sennett Estate. He also touches on places where the Arabs 

�� 

779. Insanitary Singapore. (1910, September 30). The Straits Times, p. 7. 

� �� 


The case of a house belonging to Syed Omar Alsagoff which is located at 800 North 

Bridge Road. It was said to have poor air. 

179


780. Khoo, Salma Nasution. (1990). The Acheen Street Community: A melting pot of the Malay 

World. Pulau Pinang, 2(2), 19-22, 24-25, 28-29 


An article describing the communities and well as the commercial and religious life 

of Penang’s Acheen Street. It also includes an interview with Haji Fathil Basheer, the 

grandson of Sheik Omar Basheer who was from Hadhramaut. He became a prominent 

religious teacher in Penang. 

781. Lee, Kip Lin. (1988). The Singapore house 1819-1942. Singapore: Times Editions [for] 

Preservation of Monuments Board. 

Call No.: RSING q728.095957 LEE 

The book documents the rich architectural history of Singapore houses from 1819-1942. 

The text is amply supported by pictures, plans and sketches of the buildings. Among the 

houses described are the properties of the Alkaffs and Alsagoffs. 

782. Lovely homes of Jewish and Arab leaders - The Meyers and the Alkaffs. (1934, September 16). 


� �� 


The article describes Belaria owned by the Meyers in Katong and Mount Washington, the 

home of the Alkaffs and today known as Alkaff Mansion. It includes photographs of the 

facade of Belaria and Mount Washington as well as an image of a Mrs Meyer’s bedroom 

in Belaria. 

783. Maniar, Bina. (1991, February 15). Alkaff Mansion: A return to elegance. Mirror, 27(4), 8-10. 

Call No.: RSING q320.9595 MM 

There are photographs of the Alkaff Mansion from various views of the house. A brief 

description of the fate of the mansion after World War II is provided. 

784. Masjid Alkaff kekal nama di Bedok Reservoir. (1989, September 3). Berita Harian, p. 2. 

� �� 

Nama Masjid Alkaff Kampung Melayu akan tetap dikekalkan tetapi tidak akan bertempat 

di Kaki Bukit, sebaliknya di kawasan Bedok Reservoir. Setiausaha Majlis Ugama 

Islam Singapura (MUIS), Syed Haroon Aljunied menyatakan masjid baru itu sebagai 

menggantikan masjid lama yang akan diserahkan semula kepada pihak pemerintah 

sebaik sahaja masjid baru sudah dibina. 

785. “Nature Lover”. (1964, May 23). Vanising parkland at Alkaff “Gardens”. The Straits Times, 

p. 17. 

� �� 


180 

The letter writer questions PWD’s ruthless levelling of the greenery at the Gardens to 

make way for a school.

786. Nooraini Hamzah. (1990, Mac 24). Alkaff Mansion mungkin dibuka kepada ramai Ogos. Berita 

Harian, Dalam Negeri, p. 11. 

� �� 

Alkaff Mansion telah dijadualkan untuk dibuka kepada orang ramai pada Ogos ini, 

sempena sambutan Hari Kebangsaan. Namun pembukaan Alkaff Mansion bergantung 

kepada lesen yang diluluskan. Sekiranya semua lesen yang diperlukan dapat diluluskan 

dengan segera maka bangunan tersebut dapat dibuka tepat pada bulan Ogos. 

787. Singapore Heritage. (1985, September). Arab Street, 9, 7-8. 

Call No.: RCLOS 959.57 SH 

A brief introduction to the history of Arab Street and the community. It also describes 

the origins of the some of the surrounding street names, and the types of businesses 

conducted in the area. 

788. STPB dijangka pelawa tender baiki Alkaff House bulan ini. (1988, Februari 3). Berita Harian, 

Dalam Negeri, p. 3. 

� �� 

Lembaga Penggalak Pelancongan Singapura (STPB) akan mempelawa tender untuk 

mendapatkan kontraktor bagi kerja membaiki Alkaff House bulan ini. STPB telah 

membuat keputusan untuk mengekalkan banglo dua tingkat itu dan memperuntukkan 

geran $1 juta bagi usaha itu. 

789. Tan-Oehler, Shirley. (1990). Citysights: Under the moonlight: Alkaff Mansion. City streets, 2, 

30-35. 


Garth Sheldon, the architect behind the conservation and restoration programme of the 

building, describes the $5 million refurbishments made to the 780 square metres Alkaff 

Mansion (Mount Washington). Abdul Rahman Alwee, the trustee of the Trust Settlement, 

remembers his childhood days playing in the grounds. 

790. Tuminah Sapawi. (1989, Januari 14). Syarikat hartanah akan baiki Alkaff Mansion. Berita 

Harian, Dalam Negeri, p. 12. 

� �� 

Syarikat hartanah Hotel Properties Pte Ltd telah memenangi tender untuk 

membangunkan semula Alkaff Mansion sebagai sebuah tempat pelancongan. Kerja-kerja 

pembangunan dijangka mengambil masa 20 bulan. 

791. Wajah “baru” Alkaff Mansion didedah. (1989, Jun 16). Berita Harian, Dalam Negeri, p. 8. 

� �� 

Model projek pembangunan semula Alkaff Mansion telah didedah. Projek yang menelan 

belanja $3 juta dijangka siap akhir tahun depan. Pembangunan Alkaff Mansion bertujuan 

untuk menarik tumpuan pelancong yang ingin menikmati suasana jamuan seorang 

hartawan Singapura pada awal kurun ke-20. Ia telah dibina oleh Allahyarham Syed 

Abdulrahman Abdullah Alkaff, seorang pedagang rempah ratus, kopi dan gula 

dari Hadhramaut. 

181


9.2 Attire & others 

792. Alsagoff, Syed Abbas b. Mohd. (1978, December 8). Why they take exception to Jawi on 

clothes. The Straits Times, p. 21. 

� �� 


With reference to an article published in November 25 entitled “Don’t buy cloth with Jawi 

writing”, Alsagoff as Honorary General Secretary of the Islamic Theological Association, 

explains that the offense is not that Jawi is misconstrued as the language of the Koran. 

Rather, it is a writing system that has religious connotations and he asserts its use on 

textiles as inapporpriate. 

793. Ch’ng, David C. L. (1988). Two possible Middle Eastern pattern derivatives on Malay pillow 

plates. Purba, 7, 16-28. 


The origin of the Malay bantal kepala is yet unknown. Bantal kepala�� 

silver or silver gilt ornaments used to adorn the two ends of a ceremonial pillow. Like 

some aspects of the Malay culture, the possibility of Indian origins needs to be examined. 

Compared to the amount of published work on Chinese and Indian craftsmanship and 

�� 

paper is to trace the origins of silver design frameworks and its subsequent developments 

in the hands of the Malay silversmiths with the hope that it is able to shed some light on 

the understanding of the origin of the bantal kepala (pillow-end plates). 

794. �� 

�� 

discourses of men’s head-dress in an Indian Ocean soceity. In Ruth Barnes (Ed.), Textiles in 

Indian Ocean societies (pp. 68-84). New York: RoutledgeCurzon. 

Call No.: RART 746.091824 TEX 

�� 

Oman and Yemen. It is an everyday dress for men. The writer examines early and 

�� 

795. Ismail Pantek. (1982, Januari 24). Pakaian2 fesyen Timur Tengah mula diminati ramai 

mempelai. Berita Harian, p. 3. 

�� 

182 

Pakaian dan fesyen dari Timur Tengah didapati sesuai untuk dipakai oleh pengantinpengantin 

Melayu kerana ia mengandungi unsur Islam serta mempunyai corak dan hasil 

tenunan yang indah sekali. Syed Hussein Alsagof mempunyai berbagai jenis pakaian 

Arab untuk disewakan kepada mempelai untuk majlis persandingan mereka.

796. Kaptein, N. J. G. (2009). Southeast Asian debates and Middle Eastern inspiration = European 

dress in Minangkabau at the beginning of the 20 th century. In Eric Tagliacozzo (Ed.), Southeast 

Asia and the Middle East: Islam, movement, and the longue durée (pp. 176-195). Singapore: 

NUS Press. 


In Minangkabau, West Sumatra at the beginning of the 20 th century there was a 

controversy that arose between Kaum Muda and Kaum Tua, two distinct socio-religious 

groups. This controversy zooms in on the permissibility of men wearing European dress 

items. Kaptein illustrates how these Middle Eastern ideas on dress were transmitted to 

and received in Southeast Asia. 

797. Kerlogue, Fiona. (2005). Textiles of Jambi (Sumatra) and the Indian Ocean trade. In Ruth 

Barnes (Ed.), Textiles in Indian Ocean Societies (pp. 130-149). New York: RoutledgeCurzon. 

Call No.: RART 746.091824 TEX 

Kerlogue examines the cloths of Jambi in relation to its historical contacts with other 

countries, especially in relation to textiles and its imports. It also looks into the process of 

�� 

contributions of the Arabs as traders of textile trade in Southeast Asia. 

798. Maxwell, Robyn J. (2006). Tradition and innovation in the Islamic textiles of Southeast Asia. In 

James Bennett (Ed.), Crescent moon: Islamic art & civilisation in Southeast Asia = Bulan sabit: 

Seni dan peradaban Islam di Asia Tenggara (pp. 190-217). Adelaide; Canberra: Art Gallery of 

South Australia; National Gallery of Australia. 


Southeast Asian textiles remain as symbols of both innovation and resistance to change. 

The textiles of Islamic Southeast Asia, according to writer, serve as a metaphor for 

mercantile era in which the cultural and commercial centres of region plated a pivotal role. 

�� 

of inspiration. 

799. Maxwell, Robyn J. (2006). Tradisi dan innovasi tekstil Islam di Asia Tenggara. In James 

Bennett (Ed.), Crescent moon: Islamic art & civilisation in Southeast Asia = Bulan sabit: Seni 

dan peradaban Islam di Asia Tenggara (pp. 217-233). Adelaide; Canberra: Art Gallery of South 

Australia; National Gallery of Australia. 


Tekstil-tekstil Asia Tenggara masih menjadi symbol innovasi dan penentangan terhadap 

perubahan. Menurut penulis, tekstil-tekstil Islam Asia Tenggara menjadi lambang era 

perdagangan di mana pusat-pusat kebudayaan dan komersial masih memainkan 

peranan yang penting di rantau ini. 

183


800. Mohd. Anwar Omar Din. (1988). Kemunculan tekstil resis di Kelantan: Satu tinjauan ringkas 

tentang pengaruh Islam dalam “material culture” Melayu. Purba, 7, 35-45. 


Pedagang-pedagang Islam pada peringkat antarabangsa telah menyumbang kepada 

penyebaran batik-batik dari Indonesia, terutama dari kawasan pantai Utara Jawa. Di 

Kelantan, kemunculan batik adalah hasil adaptasi secara tempatan yang memenuhi 

syariat Islam. Hasil daripada dua unsur, maka batik di Kelantan tidak wujud sebagaimana 

yang ada di Jawa. 

801. Mohd. Anwar Omar Din. (1989). Kain tenunan Melayu Kelantan: Suatu sumbangan pengaruh 

Islam di dalam keperibadian Melayu. Purba, 9, 101-108. 


9.3 Visual art 

Penulis menggambarkan tiga unsur penting dalam tekstil tenunan Melayu tradisional 

Kelantan dalam konteks kesenian Islam. 

802. Gallop, Annabel Teh. (2006). Islamic manuscript art of Southeast Asia. In James Bennett (Ed.), 


Islam di Asia Tenggara (pp. 158-183). Adelaide; Canberra: Art Gallery of South Australia; 

National Gallery of Australia. 


Illumination in Islamic manuscripts from Southeast Asia is consistent in its use of 

universal Islamic formats of book decoration and Islamic design principles of nonrepresentation 

and symmetry. Yet, the Southeast Asian identity of these manuscripts is 

�� 

the archipelago. 

803. Gallop, Annabel Teh. (2006). Seni naskhah Islam di Asia Tenggara. In James Bennett (Ed.), 


Islam di Asia Tenggara (pp. 184-189). Adelaide; Canberra: Art Gallery of South Australia; 

National Gallery of Australia. 


184 

Penerangan mengenai manuskrip Islam dari Asia Tenggara konsisten dalam penggunaan 

format Islam dari segi seni buku Islam. Namun, identiti Asia Tenggara yang nyata dalam 

manuskrip-manuskrip ini menunjukkan bahawa terdapat beberapa fahaman-fahaman 

artistik Islam yang berbeza di seluruh Nusantara.

804. Miksic, John N. (2006). The art of Cirebon and the image of the ascetic in early Javanese Islam. 

In James Bennett (Ed.), Crescent moon: Islamic art & civilisation in Southeast Asia = Bulan 

sabit: Seni dan peradaban Islam di Asia Tenggara (pp. 120-138). Adelaide; Canberra: Art Gallery 

of South Australia; National Gallery of Australia. 


�� 

coming of Islam. Its aesthetic is based on Javanese concepts and images which is further 

enhanced by motifs borrowed from international Islamic and Chinese art, which the 

author suggests are introduced by Muslim immigrants. 

805. Miksic, John N. (2006). Kesenian Cirebon dan citra pertapa pada Islam Jawa awal. In James 





Miksic membincangkan pembangunan kesenian Cirebon yang banyak dipengaruhi oleh 

kedatangan Islam. Motif dan konsep kesenian ini berdasarkan konsep-konsep dan motif 

Jawa, yang dipercantikkan lagi dengan pinjaman dari kesenian Tionghua dan kesenian 

Islam antarabangsa. 

806. Mohd. Anwar Omar Din. (1989). Unsur-unsur kesenian Islam dalam ukiran kayu Kelantan. 

Purba, 8, 53-64. 


Membicarakan dan menghuraikan tentang ukiran kayu tradisional Kelantan sebagai 

perakam ideologi Islam yang menyebabkan perubahan nilai, estetik dan orientasi 

pemikiran, penghayatan dalam peciptaan kesenian sehingga nilai Islam dapat 

dicungkil keluar. 

807. Othman bin Mohd. Yatim. (2006). Malay Arts: A perspective on the dimensions of creative 

expression. In James Bennett (Ed.), Crescent moon: Islamic art & civilisation in Southeast Asia = 

Bulan sabit: Seni dan peradaban Islam di Asia Tenggara (pp. 102-116). Adelaide; Canberra: Art 

Gallery of South Australia; National Gallery of Australia. 


�� 

�� 

�� 

from the belief that Malay art is basically Islamic art. As a result, Othman expands the 

�� 

185


808. Othman bin Mohd. Yatim. (2006). Kesenian Melayu: Tinjauan pelbagai dimensi dalam 

pengucapan kreatif. In James Bennett (Ed.), Crescent moon: Islamic art & civilisation in 

Southeast Asia = Bulan sabit: Seni dan peradaban Islam di Asia Tenggara (pp. 117-119). 

Adelaide; Canberra: Art Gallery of South Australia; National Gallery of Australia. 


Othman membentangkan adanya pandangan serong sesetengah sarjana yang 

berpendapat bahawa seni Melayu berdasarkan adalah seni Islam. 

809. Richards, Dick, & Bennett, James. (2006). Islamic ceramics of Southeast Asia. In James 





�� 

and spiritual practice in Southeast Asia. 

810. Richards, Dick, & Bennett, James. (2006). Tembikar Islam di Asia Tenggara. In James 





Bab ini menunjukkan pentingnya seni tembikar Islam dalam konteks Islam di 

Asia Tenggara. 

9.4 Exhibitions & auctions 

811. Alsagoff, Syed Ibrahim Omar. (1935, June 7). Kaabah tapestry: Syed Ibrahim Alsagoff replies. 


� �� 


Alsagoff responds to earlier letters by “A Muslim” and “Ibni Adam” concerning the 

�� 

812. Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia. (2003, December 15-16). Daftar katalog pameran arsip 

Indonesia-Yemen. Jakarta: Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia. 


186 

Katalog ini mengandungi senarai bahan-bahan yang digunakan dalam pameran arkib 

Indonesia-Yaman.

813. Going on show: The green bag that once held keys to Mecca’s holy shrine. (1970, April 23). 


� �� 


Amongst various exhibits, S. I. O. Alsagoff will contribute two treasured artefacts for the 

�� 

held the keys to the Kaaba and the second are several porcelain plates. 

814. Knehtl, Irena. (2009). Ms. Zahra Al-Junied Senior Librarian & exhibition coordinator on the 

Hadrami diaspora in Singapore. Yemen Post. Retrieved 2009, April 22, from 

http://www.yemenpost.net/Detail123456789.aspx?ID=3&SubID=460&MainCat=4 

This is an interview with the coordinator of the National Library’s exhibition on the 

Singapore Hadhrami, discussing the exhibition, the role of the Hadhramaut Arabs in 

Singapore and Zahara’s own family background. 

815. “Mecca Born”. (1935, May 30). Kaaba tapestry: Syed Ibrahim’s gift to Museum. The Straits 

Times, p. 16. 

� �� 


With reference to “A Muslim’s” letter, the author refutes his stand that the artefact donated 

by Syed Ibrahim bin Omar Alsagoff has no historical value. He lists the various reasons 

for valuing this unusual and rare artefact. 

187

10 BUSINESS & ENTERPRISE 

10.1 Haj 

816. Alsagoff litigation. (1919, April 5). The Straits Times, p. 9. 

� �� 


Judgment on the case of Syed Zainalabdin Alsagoff attempting to restrain Syed Omar 

Alsagoff from contracting pilgrim brokers. 

817. Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia. (2001). �� 

Agen Herklots dan Firma Alsegoff & Co. Jakarta: Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia. 

Call No.: RSEA 297.352 BIR 

Mengandungi maklumat perniagaan bersangkutan perjalanan haji di Indonesia 

masa kolonial yang dilakukan oleh Agen Herklots dan Firma Alsegof & Co. Penulis 

menerangkan perihal kecurangan dan eksploitasi yang dilakukan oleh agen perjalananan 

haji swasta kepada jemaah haji dari Indonesia pada abad yang lalu. Maklumat lebih 

lanjut tentang kedua agen tersebut dapat dibaca pada sumber-sumber arkib di terbitan 

ini. 

818. Barnard, Timothy P. (2009). The Hajj, Islam, and power among Bugis in early colonial Riau. In 

Eric Tagliacozzo (Ed.), Southeast Asia and the Middle East: Islam, movement, and the longue 

durée (pp. 65-82). Singapore: NUS Press. 


Before the advent of steam travel and the opening of the Suez Canal, very few people 

from Southeast Asia participated in a journey to Mecca. In 1828, an important member 

of the Bugis royal family, Raja Ahmad participated in this pilgrimage. This marked the 

beginning of not only increasing and sustained numbers of prilgrimages, but also of active 

recruitment of teachers from the Middle East who helped to transform belief systems in 

Riau. The Bugis who had come to prominence in the Johor-Riau area through military 

might in the early 18th�� 

when their military and economic prowess was in decline as a result of Dutch presence. 

819. Bruinessen, Martin van. (1997). Mencari ilmu dan pahala di Tanah Suci orang Nusantara naik 

Haji. In Dick Douwes & N. J. G. Kaptein (Eds.), �� 

(pp. 121-133). Jakarta: INIS. 


Bruinessen memperhatikan fungsi keagamaan, sosial dan politik ibadah haji. 

820. Dijk, Kees van. (1997). Pengalaman jemaah Haji Indonesia. In Dick Douwes & N. J. G. Kaptein 

(Eds.),�� 



188 

Kees Van Dijk menggunakan kisah-kisah, termasuk sejumlah memoar haji Indonesia, 

jenis kisah yang tersangat popular di Asia Tenggara.

821. Green, Anthony. (2006).�� 

. Singapore: Majlis 

Ugama Islam Singapura. 

Call No.: RSING 297.352 GRE 

�� 

history of haj services before 1975. Secondly, “The Journey So Far” looks into the role 

of MUIS in the provision of haj services from the administration to the negotiations. “The 

Journey Ahead” discusses some future challenges facing MUIS in the provision of such 

services in the future. The portion on the history of haj services will be of valuable interest 

to researchers of the Arabs in Singapore. 

822. Kamisah Ismail. (1988). �� 

effects. Unpublished academic exercise, National University of Singapore. 


Shows how the practice of the haj has changed over time in Singapore. 

823. Majid, Dien, & Azra, Azyumardi. (2008). �� 

. Jakarta: CV Sejahtera. 

Call No.: RSING 297.352 MAJ 

Dr. M. Dien Majid mengungkapkan betapa sulitnya haji di kepulauan Nusantara semasa 

penjajahan Belanda. Di masa ini, muncul para pejuang yang gigih melepaskan Nusantara 

dari belenggu penjajahan. Peranan Firma Al Segaff & Co. pada tahun 1885 hingga 1899 

diceritakan dengan lebih lanjut. 

824. Mecca pilgrimage may be resumed. (1946, February 19). The Straits Times, p. 3. 

� �� 


An announcement on the possible resumption of the pilgrimage, which had stopped 

since 1939. 

825. Muhammad Nuruddin Muhammad Yunus, Megat. (1956). �� 

. 

Unpublished academic exercise, University of Malaya. 


�� 

to 1897. 

826. �� 

. (1963). �� 

�� 

expectations have on their lives. Unpublished academic exercise, University of Singapore. 


Based on the life histories and experiences of those who have made the pilgrimage, it 

examines popular ideas held about the haj institution. This thesis includes an appendix of 

a list of pilgrim brokers who operated in Singapore. 

189


827. �� 

. (2006). Journeys of faith: Haj pilgrimage in the Malay Archipelago 

before the 20th century. BiblioAsia, 2(3), 6-11. 

Call No.: RSING 027.495957 SNBBA-[LIB] 

Online: http://www.microsite.nl.sg/PDFs/BiblioAsia/BIBA_0203aOct06.pdf 

In this study on Haj pilgrimages by Muslims in the Malay Archipelago, the author also 

discusses the Haj travel services provided by Arab shipping merchants in Singapore. 

828. Pilgrim ticket case. (1910, September 21). The Straits Times, p. 7. 

� �� 


A case in which a pilgrim broker is reportedly denied sale of pilgrim tickets and details of 

the legal and licensing issues related to this case. 

829. Seventeen times to Mecca: Syed Alsagoff honoured by Singapore Muslims. (1936, July 18). 


� �� 


Syed Ibrahim Omar Alsagoff is commended by the Pilgrim Brokers Association for his 

support of their brokerage. Alsagoff’s insights to pilgrim brokerage is expanded upon in 

this article. 

830. Tagliacozzo, Eric. (2009). The skeptic’s eye: Snouck Hurgronje and the politics of pilgrimage 

from the Indies. In Eric Tagliacozzo (Ed.), Southeast Asia and the Middle East: Islam, movement, 

and the longue durée (pp. 135-155). Singapore: NUS Press. 


Tagliacozzo examines an important part of Snouck Hurgronje’s dealings with the annual 

�� 

�� 

831. Vredenbregt, Jacob. (1962). The Haddj: Some of its features and functions in Indonesia. 

�� 

, 91-154. 

Call No.: RCLOS 572.9598 ITLVB 

190 

�� 

1870 till the period of post-war. The main point of interest is the attitude of the V.O.C 

regarding pilgrimage to Mecca. This has been largely determined by the political situation 

in the archipelago and changing interpretations of the function of the haj. The role of 

the Sheikhs (shipping agents) in Singapore in procuring tickets for pilgrims till 1930 was 

explained. This was timely as Singapore provided an excellent opportunity to escape the 

�� 

the island of Kukub, near Singapore that offer contracts to pilgrims in Hejaz who were 

�� 

rendered. Appendices provided statistics of pilgrims from Indonesia during the period.

832. Vredenbregt, Jacob. (1997). Ibadah haji: Beberapa ciri dan fungsinya di Indonesia. In Dick 

Douwes & N. J. G. Kaptein (Eds.), �� 



Karya ini pernah diterbit dalam bahasa Inggeris di �� 

Volkenkunde, jilid 118, 1962. Vrendenbregt membahas tentang kebijaksanaan 

permerintah kolonial dalam menangani isu ibadah haji pada awal Republik Indonesia. 

Peranan Singapura dan orang Arab Singapura dalam perjalanan ibadah haji 

juga dibicarakan. 

833. Witlox, Marcel, & Dijk, Kees van. (1997). Mempertaruhkan jiwa dan harta jemaah haji dari 

Hindia Belanda pada abad ke-19. In Dick Douwes & N. J. G. Kaptein (Eds.), �� 



10.2 Trade 

Sumbangan Marcel Witlox serta Kees Van Dijk menghuraikan pengorbanan jemaah 

dalam perjalanan mereka ke tanah suci. Artikel ini pernah diterbitkan dalam bahasa 

Belanda di Islamitische Pelgrimstochen. 

834. Abd. Rani Mustaffa, Haji. (1973, Februari 15). Rugi $32,000 tak dapat halang Syed Hassan 

mencapai kejayaan. Berita Harian, p.7. 

� �� 

Kisah hidup Encik Syed Hassan yang tabah menempuhi cabaran yang dialaminya 

sebagai seorang peniaga. Beliau memulakan perniagaan daging lembu dan kambing 

sejak tahun 1957 dengan modal yang terbatas. Perniagaan beliau kemudian mengalami 

kerugian yang besar tetapi berkat kegigihan dan kesabarannya, beliau dapat 

menyelamatkan perniagaannya dan menjadi seorang peniaga yang berjaya. 

835. Abdul Halim Abdul Karim. (1997). Ethnic networking: Whiter the Arabs?, �� 

A publication of the Arab Association of Singapore, 2(1), 13-15. 


Noting that the term “networking” is the latest buzz word, the author explores the 

�� 

the Chinese. He then examines the state of Arab networking today and the need to 

revitalise it. 

836. Alias Awang. (1987, Julai 27). Cita-cita jadi boss. Berita Harian, Berniaga dan Melabur, p. 5. 

� �� 

Syed Ibrahim Mohd Osman Marican percaya bahawa “pasar kering” akan kian menjadi 

tren dan diterima orang ramai lantas beliau mula membuka kedai menjual ayam, daging 

dan barang-barang runcit. Kini, beliau mempunyai empat buah kedai dan semua dikenali 

sebagai Abdullah Fresh Chicken. 

191


837. Arab bankers gather for seminar. (1982, December 1). The Straits Times, p. 11. 

� �� 


A brief description of an upcoming Arab-Asian seminar sees leading bankers from the 

Arab countries present papers. 

838. Braddell, T. (1857). The ancient trade of the Indian Archipelago. Journal of the Indian 

Archipelago and Eastern Asia, New Series, 2(3), 237-277. 

Call no.: RRARE 950.05 JOU 

� �� 

In the author’s study of the ancient trade of the Indian Archipelago, he dates the earliest 

arrival of Arab trade in the Archipelago to the Saboen empire – a view which has been 

largely refuted in Tibbett’s paper entitled “Pre-Islamic Arabia and South East Asia”. 

�� th 

century to the 12th century due to the rise of Hindu empires in Java, and the erosion 

of dependence on Arab traders in light of improvements in Chinese, Indian and native 

navigational technology. The author also holds the view that Arabs reintroduced Arab 

contact in the region during the 13th century from India, and not Arabia, and at the time of 

�� 

the region. 

839. Broeze, Frank�� Archipel, 

18, 251-269. 


This study shows that the displacement of Dutch and British shipping by Arab and 

Chinese shipping in Java during the period 1820-1850. The author based his analysis 

on statistics reported in the Regeringsalmanak voor Nederlandsch Indie to demonstrate 

the growing dominance of Arab internal and external shipping in Java. The author also 

�� 

Arabs had established strong presence. 

840. Clarence-Smith, W. G. (2000). Hadhrami Arab entrepreneurs in Indonesia and Malaysia: Facing 

the challenge of the 1930s recession. In P. Boomgaard & Ian Brown (Eds.), Weathering the 

�� 

(pp. 229-248). Singapore: 

Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. 

Call No.: RSING 330.959 WEA 

192 

This article assesses the impact the 1930s recession had on Hadhrami entrepreneurs in 

Indonesia and Malaya, in the areas of trade, textile production, real estate, newspaper 

press and moneylending. The author also discusses the circumstances that led to the rise 

of the non-Sayyids.

841. Clarence-Smith, W. G. (2002). Horse trading: The Arab’s economic roles of Arabs in the lesser 

Sunda Islands, c. 1800 to c. 1940. In Huub de Jonge & N. J. G. Kaptein (Eds.), Transcending 

borders: Arabs, politics, trade and Islam in Southeast Asia (pp. 143-162). Leiden: KITLV Press. 


An overview of the Arab-dominated horse-trade in eastern Indonesia during the 19 th 

century and early 20 th century. The author examines the origins, politics and practices of 

the horse trade, as well as other commercial activities in eastern Indonesia. 

842. Clarence-Smith, W. G. (2004). Cape to Siberia: The Indian Ocean and China Sea trade 

in equids. In David Killingray, Margarette Lincoln, & Nigel Rigby (Eds.), Maritime empires: 

British imperial maritime trade in the nineteenth century (pp. 48-67). Woodbridge, Suffolk, UK: 

Rochester, NY: Boydell Press in association with the National Maritime Museum. 


This article looks at the international trade of equids, a valuable commodity in warfare, in 

the Indian Ocean and China Sea. In Southeast Asia, the Hadhrami Arabs dominated the 

horse trade in the Lesser Sundas, and then Java. 

843. Clarence-Smith, W. G. (2009). Entrepreneurial strategies of Hadhrami Arabs in Southeast Asia, 

c. 1750s-1950s. In Ibrahim Abushouk Ahmed & Hassan Ahmed Ibrahim (Eds.), The Hadhrami 

diaspora in Southeast Asia: Identity maintenance or assimilation? (pp. 135-158). Leiden; 

Boston: Brill. 


The author disputes the common views that the lack of entrepreneurial spirit, capital, or 

Islamic economics led to the decline of “Arab capitalism”. He supports his argument by 

surveying the various economic activities and phases of Hadhrami entrepreneurship such 

�� 

services, in Southeast Asia from the late 18th century to the aftermath of the Second 

World War. 

844. Don’t just send a telex, go there. (1982, September 19). The Straits Times, p. 13. 

� �� 


Hussein Aljunied from Singapore shares insights on business culture and market trends 

in Saudi Arabia. 

845. Elinah Abdullah�� 

In Khoo Kay Kim, Elinah Abdullah, & Wan Meng Hao (Eds.), �� 

Selected readings in history, 1819-1965 (pp. 79-111). Selangor, Malaysia: Pelanduk Publications 

in co-operation with Centre for Research on Islamic and Malay Affairs. 

Call No.: RSING 305.8992805957 MAL 

The author provides brief descriptions of Arab trade and families in her overview of the 

various Malay/Muslim subgroups in Singapore. 

193


846. Konsep kedai terbuka bawa ganjaran bagi Sheh. (1987, Mac 6). Berita Harian, Usaha Niaga, 

p. 5. 

� �� 

Pemilik kedai jahit Sheh’s Corner, Syed Sheh Alhabshi kini mengambil pendekatan kedai 

“terbuka” di mana pakaian-pakaian yang sudah siap diperagakan di kedainya untuk 

menarik lebih ramai pelanggan. Namun begitu beliau juga masih mengambil 

tempahan menjahit. 

847. Mattar, Yasser. (1999). The socioeconomics of Arab ethnic entrepreneurship in Singapore: 

Industries, markets and resources. Unpublished academic exercise, National University 

of Singapore. 


The author looks at the economic history of the Arab community in Singapore through the 

ecology of the economic niches which the Arabs functioned in. Through 19 interviews, the 

author attempts to demonstrate that Arab entrepreneurship in Singapore is characterised 

by consecutive periods of niche establishment and domination, as well as niche invasion 

and succession. 

848. Mattar, Yasser. (2000). Ethnic entrepreneurship: Towards an ecological perspective. 

Singapore: Dept. of Sociology, National University of Singapore. 

Call no.: RSING q338.04095957 MAT 

This paper is adapted from the author’s Honours thesis The socioeconomics of Arab 

ethnic entrepreneurship in Singapore: Industries, markets and resources. Here, the 

author examines the business cycles of establishment, domination, and displacement in 

ethnic enterprises. Using the Arabs in Singapore as a case study, he focuses his study on 

their commercial involvement in the consumer goods and real estate markets. 

849. Mattar, Yasser. (2004). Arab ethnic enterprises in colonial Singapore: Market entry and exit 

mechanisms 1819-1965. �� 

(2), 165-179. 

Call No.: RSEA 950.05 APV 

Online: Available from NLB’s e-Resources - Ebscohost Academic Search Premier 

The author argues that the entry and subsequent exit of Arab entrepreneurs in Singapore 

from the consumer retail industry, and later the real estate industry, was due to politicaleconomic 

circumstances such as demand and supply, and land legislation. He compares 

the Arab situation with the case of Chinese entrepreneurs in Singapore when business 

�� 

850. More colony trade with Middle East sought. (1956, November 2). The Straits Times, p. 14. 

� �� 


194 

This is an announcement of plans by the Alsagoff and Co. Ltd to export to the Middle 

East. The article comes with details of the Alsagoff family. The S. O. Alsagoff, parent 

company of the former, is also described. There is also a photograph of S. I. O. Alsagoff.

851. [Notice of appointment]. (1924, April 7). The Straits Times, p. 8. 

� �� 


A notice qualifying that A. M. Alkaff had not been appointed general manager of Alkaff and 

�� 

852. �� 

. (1971, Mei 3). Sa-kalong bunga untok Sharifah Filem. Berita Harian, 

p. 6. 

� �� 

�� 

�� 

yang selalunya mengambil masa yang agak lama untuk ditayangkan di sini. 

853. Penyanyi Rudyin Al-Haj tubohkan sharikat. (1971, Februari 7). Berita Harian, p. 2. 

�� 

Rudyin Al-Haj menubuhkan syarikat rakaman sendiri, Talentscope untuk membimbing 

artis-artis tanah air (Singapura) ke arah yang lebih baik. 

�� Berita Harian, Dalam Negeri, 

p. 8. 

� �� 

Syarikat DMI Bakery and Confectionary Pte Ltd. merupakan satu-satunya syarikat 

Islam yang mengeluarkan roti dan kek. Ia telah didaftarkan baru-baru ini dengan modal 

kira-kira $200,000 hasil pelaburan 46 orang. Pengarah syarikat DMI, Syed Salim Chisty 

memberitahu bahawa syarikatnya akan memulakan pengeluaran dalam masa tiga bulan. 

855. Sa’adon Ismail. (1971, November 29). Syed Noh sekarang mengubah chara hidup-nya. Berita 

Harian, p. 12. 

� �� 

Artis terkenal, Syed Noh Al-Habshi terpaksa berhenti bermain muzik di kelab-kelab 

malam kerana kesihatan yang tidak mengizinkan. Semenjak itu, beliau telah membuka 

sebuah perniagaan kecil-kecilan menjual kacang phool di Geylang Serai. 

856. Tanam sikap baru. (1987, Januari 2). Berita Harian, p. 5. 

� �� 

Presiden Dewan Perniagaan Melayu Singapura (DPMS), Syed Ali Redha Alsagoff 

mendapati bahawa permohonan untuk menjadi anggota DPMS semakin bertambah 

semasa kemelesetan ekonomi tetapi ramai juga ahli-ahli DPMS yang menarik diri kerana 

gagal dalam perniagaan mereka. Oleh itu DPMS dan Biro Perusahaan Kecil (SEB) telah 

menyediakan skim bantuan kepada 12 syarikat untuk membantu para peniaga. 

195


10.3 Religious economy 

�� Al-‘Arab, p .4. 

� �� 

�� 

about building a clinic for the poor people of Singapore. Members of the association were 

�� 

�� 

�� 

858. Brown, Rajeswary Ampalavanar. (2008). Capitalism and Islam: Arab business groups and 

�� 

(Eds.), Remaking management: Between global and local (pp. 217-250). Cambridge; New York: 

Cambridge University Press. 

Call No.: RBUS 658 REM 

The author examines the reasons for the decline in “Arab capitalism” in Southeast Asia 

during the 1960s from the following perspectives: Arab dominance in selected economic 

sectors in Southeast Asia; Islamic laws on inheritance and wealth redistribution; strengths 

and weaknesses of Islamic institutions and the legal framework of Arab commerce; the 

spatial distribution of Arab commerce in the ports and hinterlands; the impact of capital 

�� 

to move from moneylending to formal banking; the responses of Arabs to changes in 

the business environment; the community’s relation with the state in Southeast Asia and 

Hadhramaut; the social divisions in the Arab community by class, religion and intellectual 

status; and Islamic economics. 

859. Brown, Rajeswary Ampalavanar. (2008). Islamic endowments and the land economy in 

Singapore: The genesis of an ethical capitalism, 1830–2007. South East Asia Research, 16(3), 

343-403. 

Call No.: RSING 959.005 SEAR 

196 

This paper examines the economic aspects of waqf management in Singapore, 

in particular the history and legal framework (both judicial and Islamic) of property 

acquisition and redevelopment. The author argues that waqf provided protection of these 

assets from the state, family greed and Chinese capitalists. She also illustrates how 

�� 

laws in waqf management. This article also includes maps on Arab-owned lands from 

�� 

Religious Council of Singapore) and its corporate arms, Warees Land, and Warees 

Investment Pte. Ltd.

860. Brown, Rajeswary Ampalavanar. (2009). The decline of Arab capitalism in Southeast Asia. In 

Ibrahim Abushouk Ahmed & Hassan Ahmed Ibrahim (Eds.), The Hadhrami diaspora in Southeast 

Asia: Identity maintenance or assimilation? (pp. 109-133). Leiden; Boston: Brill. 


10.4 Shipping trade 

The author examines the reasons for the decline of Arab capitalism in Southeast Asia 

from seven perspectives: Islamic inheritance laws, Islamic economics, weaknesses in 

�� 

Southeast Asia to Hadhramaut, the lack of long-term networks and connectedness with 

the state and other diasporic societies, the lack of Arabs presence in the hinterlands, and 

the divisive and hierarchical character of Arab commercial communities. 

861. Alfred, Eric R. (1988). The pilgrim ships of Singapore. �� , 20-24. 

Call No.: RSING 959.005 H 

Alfred provides information on the earliest shipping companies to carry pilgrims to 

�� 

directed by Syed Muhammad Alsagoff. 

�� 

862. Al-Saqqaf, Ja’far b. Muhammad. (1994). A legal document from Saywun relating to vessels, 

house and carriages owned by a Saqqaf Sayyid in 19 th century Java. New Arabian Studies, 2, 

189-202. 


A translation of a legal document showing the ownership of shipping vessels by two 

Hadhrami merchants - Sayyid Muhammad Ahmad al-Saqqaf of Singapore and the family 

of Al Khunayman in Sumatra. 

863. Clarence-Smith, W. G. (2002). The rise and fall of Hadhrami Arab shipping in the Indian 

Ocean, c1750-1940. In David Parkin & H. R. (H. Ruth) Barnes (Eds.), Ships and the 

development of maritime technology in the Indian Ocean (pp. 227-258). London; New York, N.Y.: 

RoutledgeCurzon. 

Call No.: R 387.009165 SHI 

An overview on Hadhrami shipping in Hadhramaut, the Malay World, India, the Persian 

Gulf, the Red Sea, eastern Africa, Comoros and southern Africa from the 18 th to the early 

20 th century. The author describes the level of shipping activity, the shipping routes, the 

trades and services that rely on shipping, the type of vessels used and the families and 

businesses involved in Hadhrami shipping. He also examines the reasons for the rise and 

fall of Hadhrami shipping, such as increased competition from European, Chinese, Indian 

and other Arabic shippers, the introduction of steamers, the emergence of monopolistic 

shipping practices and the lack of demand for Hadhramaut commodities and 

harbour facilities. 

197


864. Sherry, Norman. (1963). Conrad and the S. S. Vidar. The Review of English Studies, New 

Series, 14(54), 157-163. 



10.5 Slave trade 

In the author’s study of the historical authenticity of Joseph Conrad’s Malayan novel The 

Shadow-Line, he researches into Syed Mohsin Bin Salleh, the owner of the S.S. Vidar 

ship, who is described by Singapore historical documents as a rich Arab merchant who 

was well-regarded by the European community. 

865. Aminuddin Baki. (1983). The institution of debt-slavery in Perak. Malaysia in history, 26, 22-30. 


Aminuddin establishes slavery as a long-standing institution in the Malay Peninsula just 

like the other Southeast Asian countries. There is an interesting brief on the different 

classes of slaves, one of them was known as the hamba habshi, Negro slaves who were 

purchased at Mecca by Malays on pilgrimage or those imported by Arab merchants. 

866. Rajendran, N. (1982). Notes on Haji labour in early Singapore. Malaysia in history, 25, 124-125. 


�� 

�� 

�� 

867. Stauth, Georg. (1992). Slave trade, multiculturalism and Islam in colonial Singapore: A 

sociological note on Christian Snouck Hurgronje’s 1891 article on slave trade in Singapore. 

�� 

(1), 67-79. 

Call no.: RSING 300.5 SAJSS 

198 

The author looks at a rare area of research on multiculturalism in Singapore - the 

management of Chinese slave girls by Muslim Sayyids in late 19 th century Singapore. The 

study is done through a content analysis of an 1891 article by Dutch orientalist, Christian 

Snouck Hurgronje, on slave trade in Singapore.

11 BIOGRAPHY 

868. A. R. Zahari (Ab. Rashid Zahari). (2005, June). Abdullah Munsyi: Who was he? �� 

Malaysia, 1, 48-76. 


The author studies the parentage as well as the background of Abdullah Munsyi. 

869. Abaza, Mona�� Archipel, 67, 

173-202. 


The article examines the importance of persons with Hadhramaut origins in religion and 

�� 

of Kwitang, Jakarta as an Islamic centre. 

870. Abaza, Mona. (2009). M. Asad Shahab: A portrait of an Indonesian Hadrami who bridged the 

two worlds. In Eric Tagliacozzo (Ed.), Southeast Asia and the Middle East: Islam, movement, and 

the longue durée (pp. 250-271). Singapore: NUS Press. 


Abaza reviews the biography of a Jakarta-born intellectual of Hadhrami origin, Sayyid 

Mohammad Asad bin Ali (SMAS, born 1910). SMAS was seen as a “hybrid intellectual” 

as Abaza attempts to make him an exemplar of the “intermediary” among the different 

cultures in the Muslim world. She analyses three Arabic texts that were written by SMAS. 

871. Abdul Rahman Haji Ismail. (2003). Syed Sheikh Al-Hadi: Penggerak kebangkitan Melayu Abad 

ke-20. In Eric Tagliacozzo (Ed.), Syed Syeikh Al-Hadi: Cendekia dan sasterawan ulung (pp. 

9-36). Pulau Pinang: Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia. 


�� 

kepimpinan orang Melayu didalami di bab ini. 

872. �� 

�� 

�� , p.4. 

� �� 

�� 

has worked in the Government for 21 years. He arrived here last Tuesday from Batu 

Pahat to get in touch with his friends after leaving Singapore for a long time. He was 

�� 

�� 

be the new principal of this Madrasah. 

199

11 Biography 

873. Abushouk, Ahmed Ibrahim. (2002). An Arabic manuscript on the life and career of Ahmad 

Muhammad Surkati and his Irshadi disciples in Java. In Huub de Jonge & N. J. G. Kaptein 

(Eds.),Transcending borders: Arabs, politics, trade and Islam in Southeast Asia (pp. 203-217). 

Leiden: KITLV Press. 


The author examines the self-image constructed by the Irshadis through their writing of 

the movement’s history and their founder, Ahmad Muhammad al-Surkati. 

874. “Aduka”. (1977, May 8). Sharifah Aini tidak dapat melupakan orang S’pura. Berita Harian, 

Hiburan, p. 7. 

� �� 

Sharifah Aini masih mengenangkan Singapura, tempat beliau mula-mula menceburi 

arena suara walaupun sekarang beliau sudah terkenal dan mempunyai ramai peminat. 

�� 

875. Al Arif billah Al Alim Al Allamah Hb. Muhammad b. Ahmad Al Muhdhor. (2006). Media Daarul 

Aitam, 4(3), 1. 

Call No.: RSEA 362.73209598 MDA 

Beliau terkenal sebagai pendidik dan pendakwah terutama sekali dalam usaha beliau di 

Madrasah Alkheiriyah di Surabaya, Madrasah Jamiatul Kheir di Jakarta serta Madrasah 

Al Falah di Bondowoso pada tahun 1332 H. Termasuk senarai nama-nama putera serta 

menantu beliau. 

876. Alatas, Farid, Syed. (2009). �� 

. 

Singapura: Masjid Ba’alwi. 

Call No.: RSING 297.64 ALA 

Mengaitkan ciri-ciri yang menjadi asas cita sempurna yang dimiliki Sayyidina Husain. 

Risalah ini merupakan sebuah ceramah yang disampaikan di majlis “Bicara Tokoh 

Islam: Saiyidina Husain a.s. - Cucunda Rasullah s.a.w” pada 31 Januari 2009 di Dewan 

Seminar, Institut Antarabangsa Kajian Tinggi Islam (IAIS), Kuala Lumpur. 

877. Al-Attas, Muhammad Naguib, Syed. (2007). The rare gift and the key to opening the door of 

union. Singapore: The Ba ‘Alawi Mosque. 


200 

This booklet introduces the ratib, supererogatory exercise devotion in the form of 

invocations. It is performed regularly in assembly or individually. Al-Attas provides a 

biographical sketch of the composer of the ratib, who is ‘Umar b. Abd al-Rahman al- 

’Attas. His biography was written by Sayyid ‘Abd Allah b. ‘Alawi al-Haddad, the celebrated 

�� th century.

878. Algadri, Hamid. (1999). Mengarungi Indonesia: Memoar perintis kemerdekaan Mr Hamid 

Algadri. Jakarta: Lentera. 


Disunting oleh Hamid Basyaib, buku ini menyoroti kehidupan Hamid Algadri, penulis 

Indonesia yang berketurunan Arab dan sudah menjangkau usia lebih dari 90 tahun. 

Memaparkan silsilah, zaman persekolahan, penglibatan politik serta kenalan beliau di 

rangkaian dunia Melayu. Buku ini juga merakamkan sebuah epilog yang ditulis oleh 

penyunting untuk Hamid Algadri. Hamid meninggal dunia pada 25 Januari 1998. 

879. Al-Hady, Syed Mohamed Alwi. (1999). Syed Shaykh: Through the prism of a child’s eyes and 

the al-Hady clan. In Alijah Gordon (Ed.), The real cry of Syed Shaykh Al-Hady (pp. 85-108). 

Kuala Lumpur: Malaysia Sociological Research Institute. 


This is the story of the grandson of Syed Sheikh who was cared for by his grandfather. 

There are tales of being the only child of Alwi to be taken under the wings of the great 

disciplinarian Syed Sheikh al-Hady. He became a surgeon. 

880. Alexander, F. L. (1985). �� 

(Vol. 1). (Aboe, 

Bakar, Trans.). Banda Aceh: Pusat Dokumentasi dan Informasi Aceh. 


Alexander menggambarkan kisah hidup Habib Abdurrahman al-Zahir, seorang tokoh 

pemerintahan Aceh pada zaman pra-peperangan Aceh (1864-1878). 

881. Alijah, Gordon. (Ed.) (1999). The real cry of Syed Shaykh Al-Hady. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysia 

Sociological Research Institute. 


�� 

one of the founders of Al-Imam (The Leader) a Jawi-Malay journal published in Singapore 

in 1906. The book touches on several issues relating to Arabs in Malaya, and also 

includes selected writings by the man. 

882. Aliza Elias. (2003, Jun). Singkap: Islamisasi di Malaysia: Sumbangan Prof. Dr. Syed 

Muhammad Naquib al-Attas. Dewan Agama & Falsafah, 36-37. 


Aliza Elias menyunting kajian yang dibuat oleh Wan Mohd. Nor Wan Daud dalam 

bukunya The educational philosophy and practice of Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas. 

Beliau membincangkan sumbangan intelek Prof. al-Attas kepada kebangkitan Islam. 

883. Aliza Elias. (2003, Jun). Tokoh: Habib Hassan Al-Attas: Tokoh korporat dan pendidik Pahang. 

Dewan Agama & Falsafah, 46-47. 


Habib Hassab bin Syed Ahmad al-Attas merupakan seorang tokoh korporat dan pendidik 

peringkat awal di negeri Pahang. Pahang ketika itu adalah di bawah pemerintahan Sultan 

Ahmad al-Muadzam Syah (1836-1914) iaitu Sultan Pahang yang pertama. 

201

11 Biography 

884. �� 

. 

(1985). Johor Bahru: Masjid Wadi Hassan. 

Call No.: RSEA/ RCLOS 297.709595 ALL 

Buku kecil ini disusun untuk mengingati jasa-jasa Allahyarham Habib Hassan. Ia juga 

�� 

885. Almarhum Ustad Abdullah b. Muhammad b. Abubakar Arfan Baraja: Tokoh Jamiat Kheir yang 

tidak boleh dilupakan. (2006). Media Daarul Aitam, 2(2), 1. 


Seorang guru dan pengetua guru Madrasah Jamiat Kheir yang dilahirkan di Jakarta pada 

tahun 1910. 

886. �� 

. (2008). �� 

�� 

�� 

Call No.: R 953.3092 SAQ 

�� 

to Saudi Arabia, India and Egypt to seek knowledge. He was a leader, politician and a 

scholar. He later passed away in Saudi Arabia. 

887. Alwee Alkaff. (1970, December 28). The Straits Times, p.12. 

� �� 


This is a notice of Alkaff’s appointment as director of the British and Malayan Trustees 

with some details of his other appointments. 

888. Alwi bin Alhady. (1999). The life of my father. In Alijah Gordon (Ed.), The real cry of Syed 

Shaykh al-Hady (pp. 69-83). Kuala Lumpur: Malaysia Sociological Research Institute. 


The contributions of Syed Sheikh during his lifetime are listed here. 

889. �� . (2006). �� 

[Hadhramis in the Indian 

Islands]. Aden: Aden University Printing and Publishing House. 

Call No.: R 305.89270533 AMS 

[In Arabic] A compilation of studies of the portrait of Hadhramis in the Indian Islands. 

890. Anak Syed Hamid bukan Syed Said. (1962, November 3). Berita Harian, p. 4. 

�� 

202 

Kesilapan nama: Nama sebenar almarhum adalah Syed Sulaiman bin Syed Ab. Hamid 

dan bukan “bin Syed Said”.

891. Arab leader honoured. (1947, June 13). The Straits Times, p. 3. 

� �� 


This contains details of a party given to Syed Saleh bin Mohamed Alatas of Batavia by 

S. I. O. Alsagoff in honour of his receiving the Order of the British Empire. 

892. �� 

. (2007). �� [Translation of summaries]. 

S. l. : s. n. 


[In Arabic] Biography compilations of different individuals, mostly Hadhrami scholars. 


Freitag & W. G. Clarence-Smith (Eds.), Hadrami traders, scholars, and statesmen in the Indian 

�� (pp. 249-263). Leiden Koninklijke Brill. 


�� 

�� 

894. Azra, Azyumardi. (2005). Dari Harvard hingga Makkah. Jakarta: Penerbit Republika. 


Penulis melaporkan dinamika kehidupan masyarakat, sekaligus mencerminkan 

pembacaan dan pengalaman beliau mengharungi detik-detik sejarah yang melibatkan 

umat Islam di Indonesia dan di dunia. 

895. Azra, Azyumardi. (2006). A Hadrami scholar in the Malay-Indonesian diaspora: Sayyid Uthman. 

Islam in the Indonesian world: An account of institutional formation (pp. 245-279). Bandung, 

Indonesia: Mizan 


A study on the life and religion teachings of ulama, Sayyid Uthman. Viewed by many as 

�� 

authorities and was also a keen proponent of the purity of the Sayyid lineage. He was 

also known for his criticisms against some of the beliefs and practices, un-shariah 

tariqahs, and jihad committed against the Dutch by local Muslims 

896. �� 

. (1994). �� 

�� 

�� 

Call No.: R 297.409533503 BAD 

[In Arabic] Biography of the imam, includes songs and ratib written by him. 

897. Ducker, John T. (2003, August). In memoriam: Sayyid Abubakr bin Shaikh Al-Kaff KBE. 

The British-Yemeni Society. Retrieved August 12, 2009, from 

http://www.al-bab.com/bys/articles/ducker03.htm 

An article written in honour of Sayyid Abubakr bin Shaikh Al-Kaff and his contributions 

towards peace in Hadhramaut. It also recounts his decorations and knighthood, which 

were conferred by the British Empire. 

203

11 Biography 

898. �� 

. (1999-). Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan 

Pustaka, Kementerian Pendidikan, Malaysia. 

Call No.: R 959.003 ENS 

Mengandungi maklumat mengenai personaliti, tempat-tempat sertai penerbitan yang 

bersangkutan dengan orang Arab. 

899. Envoy heads religious council in Republic. (1966, September 18). The Straits Times, p. 14. 

� �� 


Syed Ibrahim bin Omar Alsagoff is appointed President of the Inter-religious Organisation 

�� 

900. The ex-Geylang resident with a road named afer him: A look at the life and times of philanthropist 

and landowner Engku Aman. (1994, September 4). The Sunday Times, Sunday Plus, p. 5 

� �� 


�� 

Alsagoff. Friends and loved ones remember the philanthropist. 

901. Falsafah Syed Alwi mengenai kejayaan. (1986, September 6). Berita Harian, p. 3. 

� �� 

Pendapat Syed Alwi tentang impian dan cita-cita dan erti kejayaan bagi beliau. 

902. Former recording artiste turns to religion. (1978, November 14). The Straits Times, p. 10. 

� �� 


Describes Syed Hamid Ahmad Alkaff’s entry into religion, turning away from the 

entertainment scene. 

903. Freitag, Ulrike�� ISIM Newsletter 

(International Institute for the Study of Islam in the Modern World Newsletter), 1, 30. 


Biography of trader Sayyid Ali b. Ahmad b. Shibab al-Din who was born in Pekojan, an 

Arab quarter in old Batavia (present Jakarta) in 1865. 

904. Gordon, Alijah. (1999). Syed Alwi Al-Hady: Biographical outline and family tree. In Alijah Gordon 

(Ed.), The real cry of Syed Shaykh Al-Hady (pp. 257-263). Kuala Lumpur: Malaysia Sociological 

Research Institute. 


204 

A chronological listing of Syed Alwi Al-Hady’s life and his list of published works.

905. �� 

. (1991).�� 

�� 

�� 

�� 

[The 

�� 

�� 


�� 

906. Haul Sheikh Omar Alkhatib. (1998). �� 

Singapore, 3(2), 2. 


A brief note on the last Singaporean ulama, who had his religious education in 

Hadhramaut. It includes a photograph of Sheikh Omar. 

907. He learned English in six years. (1936, October 6). The Straits Times, p. 8. 

� �� 


This is a brief note on Syed Ibrahim Omar Alsagoff’s mastery of English within 6 years. 

908. Hill, A. H. (1955, June ). Abdullah’s life. Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic 

Society, 28(3), 10-24. 


A background to Abdullah’s life, this comments on his education and ancestry. 

909. Hyder capai kejayaan berkat kerja keras. (1981, Julai 5). Berita Harian, p. 2. 

�� 

Syed Hyder Alsagoff kini menjadi pengurus Restoran Nutmeg di Hotel Hyatt sejak 10 

tahun bekerja di hotel tersebut. 

910. �� . (1964, Mei 1). Ibnu Khaldun: Failasuf Islam, sarjana yg banyak jasa-nya. Berita 

Harian, p.4. 

� �� 

Latar belakang Waliuddin ‘Abdurrahman ibn Muhammad ibn Khaldun Al-Hadrahmi atau 

lebih dikenali sebagai Ibnu Khaldun. Keluarga beliau mengaku berasal dari Hadhramaut. 

911. Jackson Sawatan. (2006, September 8). Pusara Al-Junied - An old cemetery in bustling city. 

Bernama Daily. 

Online: Available from NLB’s e-Resources - Factiva 

The grave of a 19th century Malay warrior, Ngah Ibrahim Long Jaafar is exhumed from 

Pusara Al-Junied, off Victoria Street in Singapore to be reburied in Perak. The article 

describes this burial land, its acquisition by Syed Omar Ali Al-Junied and the background 

�� 

205

11 Biography 

912. Jill of all jobs - Becomes a PRO. (1973, March 4). The Straits Times, p. 4. 

� �� 


The article traces Lynda Alkaff’s career which varied from airline hostess to advertising 

model. It gives her reasons for pursuing some of them. 

913. Kaptein, N. J. G. (2009). Arabophobia and Terekat: How Sayyid Uthman became advisor to 

the Netherlands colonial administration. In Ahmed Ibrahim Abushouk & Hassan Ahmed Ibrahim 


(pp. 33-44). Leiden; Boston: Brill. 


�� 

with the Dutch colonial administration of the Netherlands East Indies. 

914. Karmila Karim. (1986, November 30). Tidak sangka rakam lagu. Berita Minggu, Hiburan, p.8. 

� �� 

Sherry Aljunied tidak pernah termimpi akan menjadi seorang artis rakaman semasa 

menjadi penyanyi kelab malam. Kini beliau telah dipelawa untuk menjadi artis rakaman 

dengan syarikat Polygram. Beliau juga sibuk merakamkan lagu-lagu Inggeris di 

rancangan-rancangan SBC bersama beberapa penyanyi lain. 

915. Khoo, Kay Kim. (1967, April). Syed Sha’ban bin Syed Ibrahim al-Kadri. �� 

(1), 

40-47. 

Call No.: RCLOS 959.5 PS 

�� 

916. Khuluq, Lathiful. (2000).�� 

Yogyakarta: 

LKIS Yogayakarta. 

Available at Woodlands Regional Library 

Call No.: Malay 306.6 KHU 

A biography of K.H. Hasyim Asy’ari, 1871-1947, founder of Nahdlatul Ulama, the largest 

Moslem organisation in Indonesia. 

917. Leaders of business in Malaya. (1953, April 2). The Straits Times, p. 10. 

� �� 


206 

�� 

religious and social contributions. This includes a photograph of him.

918. Local Arab leader’s tribute to Britain. (1936, August 17). The Straits Times, p. 13. 

� �� 


An article on Syed Ibrahim bin Omar Alsagoff upon his appointment as Justice of Peace 

with details of his accomplishments. Extracts of his speech include details of how Arabs, 

no matter which Arabic country they come from are not necessarily very different. 

919. Mainly about Malayans: Hadhramaut honour. (1938, February 20). The Straits Times, p. 9. 

� �� 


This is a brief note on Syed Abu Bakar bin Shaik Alkaff. 

920. Mainly about Malayans: Leading scouter. (1937, October 10). The Straits Times, p. 9. 

� �� 


This is a brief note recognising A. M. Alsagoff’s contributions to scouting. He is 

photographed in his scouting uniform. 

921. Mengenang Alm. Ustadz Hadi bin Said bin Ahmad Jawas. (2006). Media Daarul Aitam, 9(1), 1. 


Ustaz adalah seorang guru Jamiatul Kheir. Beliau wafat pada tahun 1993. 

922. Mohammad Yusuf. (1984). Sayid Abdul Rahman bin Sayid Muhammad (Tok Ku Paloh). 

�� 

, 52-56. 

Call No.: RU R 959.5 MDSS 

Di Kampung Chabang Tiga, Sayid Abdul Rahman dikenali sebagai Tok Ku Paloh. Beliau 

adalah yang paling dikenali di antara lima orang adik-beradiknya. Salasilah beliau 

merangkumi ramai yang mempunyai kedudukan di dalam masyarakat Melayu Trengganu. 

923. Mohd. Nor Wan Daud, Wan. (2003). �� 

Attas. Bandung: Penerbit Mizan. 

Call No.: R Malay 370.924 MOH 

Buku ini mengupas dengan terperinci isu Islamisasi ilmu dan pendidikan di dunia 

Islam sebagaimana yang disarankan dan dipraktikkan oleh Syed Muhammad Naquib 

Al-Attas, salah seorang pemikir Islam kontemporer yang terkenal di dunia. Wan Mohd 

Nor menempatkan Al-Attas sebagai konseptor terawal tentang gagasan Islamisasi ilmu 

pengetahuan dan pendidikan. 

924. Mohd. Sarim Hj. Mustajab. (1977). Syed Sheikh Abdullah Maghribi: Pendidik dan kaum muda. 

Jebat, 6, 1-6. 


Menceritakan tentang kontemporari Syed Sheikh al-Hadi, Syeikh Abdullah Maghribi. 

Beliau adalah seorang pendidik dan tokoh Islam yang terkenal di Pulau Pinang. Beliau 

diintip oleh polis rahsia pihak British sehinggalah beliau terpaksa berhijrah kambali ke 

kota suci Mekkah kerana peranannya yang aktif dalam masyarakat Melayu. 

207

11 Biography 

925. Mohd. Sarim Hj. Mustajab�� 

activist. In Alijah Gordon (Ed.), The real cry of Syed Shaykh al-Hady (pp. 249-256). Kuala 

Lumpur: Malaysia Sociological Research Institute. 


�� 

of Shaykh’s leadership and reformist outlook in education, Madrasah al-Idrisiyyah 

developed into a famous madrasah. The role he played in bringing about awareness to 

the Malay community showed his empathy to the community in spite of his 

non-Malay roots. 

926. Mokhtar Haji Alias�� Berita Harian, Hiburan, 

p. 8. 

� �� 

�� 

�� 

yang pernah didendangkan oleh beliau. 

927. Morais, Victor J. (Victor John). (195-). �� 

. Kuala 

Lumpur: J.V. Morais. 

Call No.: RCLOS 920.0595 LEA 

This contains biographical information of some members of the Arab community. 

�� The Straits 

Times, p. 12. 

� �� 


�� 

life, career and contributions to society are given along with extracts of speeches. 

929. New battalion commander. (1960, June 15). The Straits Times, p. 6. 

� �� 


This announces the promotion of Maj. Syed Mohamed bin Syed Ahmad Alsagoff to rank 

of Lieutenant-Colonel. 

930. O’ Fahey, R. S. (Rex S.), & M. I. Abu Salim. (1992, November-1993, March). A Sundanese in 

Indonesia: A note on Ahmad Muhammad Surkitti.�� 

, 68-72. 


208 

Ahmad Soorkaeti (Soorkatti) is an important 20th�� 

who came from Sudan. He was a great teacher who was not afraid of dealing with 

controversies. He became involved in disputes between the immigrants, Hadhrami 

community in Indonesia and the local Muslims. He wrote a celebrated ruling or fatwa on 

the lawfulness of the sharifah (female descendant of the Prophet) marrying 

a non-sharif Muslim.

931. Oral History Centre. (1982, January 20). Oral history interview with Alwee Alkaff [Transcript 

of Cassette Recording No. 000124]. Retrieved November 11, 2008, from National Archives of 

Singapore Web site http://www.a2o.com.sg. 

An oral interview with a descendent of the Alkaff family in Singapore. The interviewee 

describes his family roots from the time of Shaik bin Abdul Rahman Alkaff; the family 

business and estate, as well as the family and social life of the Alkaffs. The interview is 

conducted in English. 

932. Oral History Centre. (1983, August 24). Oral history interview with Tan Sri Syed Esa Almenoar 

[Transcript of Cassette Recording No. 000321]. Retrieved November 11, 2008, from National 

Archives of Singapore Web site http://www.a2o.com.sg 

An oral interview with the former Deputy Chairman of the Singapore Malay National 

�� 

interview, he shares about his family background, and recalls his early years, education, 

career, and life during the Japanese Occupation, and involvement with the various Malay 

and Arab organisations in Singapore. The interview is conducted in English. 

933. Rahsia Syed Nasir menjadi kadhi. (1969, Januari 2). Berita Harian, p. 7. 

�� 

Tuan Syed Nasir bin Ismail dikatakan sebagai seorang pemimpin yang murah hati 

dan jujur. 

934. Pearson, H. F. (Harold Frank). (1955). People of early Singapore. London: University of 

London Press. 

� �� 

Call No.: RCLOS 959.57 PEA-[GBH] 

The life of Syed Omar bin Ali Aljunied, a merchant and earliest Hadhrami Arab pioneer in 

Singapore. 

935. Pearson, H. F. (Harold Frank). (1955). Syed Omar bin Ali Al-junied - Merchant. People of early 

Singapore (pp. 91-96). London: University of London Press. 

Call No.: RCLOS 959.57 PEA-[GBH] 

� �� 

According to the author’s preface, the stories in this book on early personalities in 

Singapore were put together from letters of the East India Company. Included is a chapter 

on Syed Omar bin Ali Al-junied, one of the earliest Arabs to settle in Singapore. The 

author provides a description of Syed Omar’s high standing with the colonial authorities, 

his place of residence, as well as the alteraction with he had with an Arab merchant over 

�� 

Singapore, William Farquhar. The chapter closes with a reference to his death and that of 

his uncle, Syed Mohammed bin Harun Al-junied. 

209

11 Biography 

936. Reid, Anthony. (1972, April). Habib Abdur-Rahman az-Zahir (1833-1896). Indonesia, 13, 37-59. 

Call No.: RU R 959.8 I 

Reid provides the background of the habib (a Hadhrami Arab) and his rise in the modern 

polity of Aceh. He also reveals the Arab’s connections to the East and West. This is a 

comprehensive article on the personality of the habib and his role in modern state of 

Aceh. An illustration of the habib is provided after the table of contents. 

937. Sa’adon Ismail. (1986, Januari 12). “Doktor” yang sibuk terbang ke sana sini. Berita Minggu, 


� �� 

Kerjaya Syed Ayob Ismail sebagai seorang tukang urut yang sering ke luar negeri untuk 

mengurut pelanggannya, termasuk tokoh-tokoh negara seperti Datuk Amar dan Tunku 

Abd Rahman. 

�� , p. 4. 

� �� 

�� 

�� 

his hometown. He came to Singapore to educate the people in the mosque and also the 

�� 

939. Setiausaha baru MUIS. (1987, Ogos 18). Berita Harian, p. 1. 

� �� 

Syed Haroon Aljunied memulakan tugasnya sebagai Setiausaha MUIS secara rasmi 

mulai 14 Ogos lalu, menggantikan Haji Musa Yusof yang telah bersara. 

940. Simat bin Angas, Suhaili bin Haji Hassan, & Ismail bin Ibrahim, Haji. (1992). Tokoh-tokoh 

agama di Brunei Darussalam: Pengenalan ringkas. Bandar Seri Begawan: Muzium Brunei. 

Call No.: RSEA 297.61095955 TOK 

Tokoh-tokoh agama yang bergiat dari kurun 15 hingga ke kurun 18 Masihi 

dipertengahkan. Buku ini juga menyentuh tentang tokoh agama yang bergiat dalam 

penyebaran Islam mulai akhir kurun 18 hingga ke abad ke 20 Masihi. 

941. The Singapore men honoured. (1953, January 1). The Straits Times, p. 4. 

� �� 


This listing of honoured persons followed by short summaries of their accomplishments, 

includes Syed Ahmad bin Mohamed Alsagoff who is decorated with an M. B. E. 

942. S’pore-born Arab is made K.B.E. (1953, March 1). The Straits Times, p. 5. 

� �� 


210 

The award given to Syed Abubakar bin Shaik Alkaff was for his contributions to public 

works in Hadhramaut. Originating from an established Singapore Arab family, Abubakar 

��

943. Sulaiman Jeem. (1977, Januari 2). Akitek perubahan suatu zaman cemerlang: Syed Sheikh 

Alhadi. Berita Harian, p. 3. 

� �� 

Syed Sheikh bin Ahmad Alhadi, atau lebih dikenali sebagai Wan Anum oleh penduduk 

Melaka dan Riau, adalah seorang penulis yang berpegang teguh pada pendiriannya dan 

berani untuk menegakkan apa yang dianggap benar, terutama sekali dalam hal yang 

berkaitan dengan agama Islam. Beliau telah menulis banyak rencana dan cereka di 

akhbar dan majalah. Beliau berasal dari keturunan Arab tetapi dibesarkan di Melaka. 

944. Sulaiman Jeem�� 

Berita Harian, Tokoh2, p. 3. 

� �� 

�� 

�� 

Syeikh Muhammad bin Salim Al-Kalali, Syed Syeikh bin Ahmad Al-Hadi dan Haji Abbas 

bin Muhammad Taha. Beliau dilahirkan di Minangkabau, Indonesia. 

945. Sulaiman Jeem, & A. Ghani Hamid (Abdul Ghani Hamid). (1997). �� 

Singapura. Singapura: Persatuan Wartawan Singapura. 

Call No.: RSING 305.89928 AKT 

Senarai nama-nama aktivis Melayu / Islam di Singapura termasuk personaliti dari 

kalangan Arab. Mereka adalah Sheikh Al-Hadi, Syed Abdillah Aljufri, Syed Ali Redha, 

Syed Hussein Ali Alsagoff, Syed Ibrahim Omar Alsagoff, Syed Omar Mohd Alsagoff, 

Syed Mohamad Ahmad, Syed Omar Alsagoff serta Syed Abu Bakar. 

946. Surattee, Mohamad Ghouse Khan, & Masjid Al-Firdaus. (2008). The grand saint of 

Singapore: The life of Habib Nuh bin Muhammad Al-Habshi. Singapore: Masjid Al’Firdaus. 

Call No.: RSING 297.4092 GRA 

�� 

Singapore. Traces his lineage from Yemen to his migration to Singapore. There are 

accounts of the saintly miracles he performed during his time in Singapore, one of them 

was reported in the local press. 

947. Syed Ali di-pileh Ketua B. Raya. (1962, Jun 19). Berita Harian, p. 5. 

�� 

Syed Ali Reza Alsagoff telah dipilih semula memegang jawatan Ketua Bahagian Bandar 

Raya, Singapura. 

948. Syed Ali Redha jalani pembedahan lencongan. (1987, Januari 7). Berita Harian, p. 2. 

� �� 

Presiden Dewan Perniagaan Melayu Singapura (DPMS), Syed Ali Redha Alsagoff telah 

menjalani pembedahan lencongan (bypass operation) dan kini dalam keadaan stabil. 

211

11 Biography 

949. Syed Ali seronok bermain dengan ikan. (1985, Ogos 18). Berita Harian, p. 3. 

� �� 

Pekerjaan Syed Ali Syed Monzil sebagai pegawai penternak ikan. 

950. [Syed Mahomed Alsagoff is recognised for his charitable act of offering 40 houses rent free]. 

(1883, April 7). The Straits Times, p. 14. 

� �� 


Syed Mahomed Alsagoff is recognised for his charitable act for the victims of the 

�� 

951. [Syed Mahomed (Mohamad) Alsagoff is awarded the First Class Majidi]. (1889, September 20). 


� �� 


Syed Mahomed (Mohamad) Alsagoff is awarded the First Class Majidi for his support of 

distressed Turkish subjects. Previous Turkish decorations are also listed. 

952. Syed Omar selamatkan nyawa saya, kata Tengku. (1967, Disember 9). Berita Harian, p. 10. 

�� 

Perdana Menteri Tengku Abdul Rahman menerangkan bagaimana Tan Sri Syed Omar 

Shahabuddin menyelamatkan nyawanya semasa Perang Jepun. 

953. Syeikh Suhaimi: Wali agung yang masih hidup. (2009, Mac). Selebriti, 62-64. 


�� 

yang pernah menetap di Singapura. Keturunannya aktif dalam pembangunan Islam 

di Singapura. 


�� 

Di Singapura, ada sekurang-kurangnya dua orang yang telah menghafal keseluruhan 

isi kandungan kitab suci Al-Quran dan mereka merupakan sepupu; Syekh Abdullah bin 

Salim Alkhatib dan Syekh Omar bin Alkhatib. Kedua-dua daripada mereka telah belajar 

membaca dan menghafal Quran sejak kecil lagi. 

955. Tekun dan rajin bawa ganjaran kpd Syed Hyder. (1982, Jun 13). Berita Harian, p. 3. 

�� 

212 

Syed Hyder percaya bahawa segala apa yang dilakukan dengan tekun dan penuh 

kegigihan akan membawa kepada kejayaan. Perlantikan Syed Hyder Alsagoff sebagai 

pelatih pengurusan di Hotel Hyatt Regency Singapura merupakan satu penghargaan 

daripada hotel itu kepada usaha dan kebolehan beliau menjalankan tugasnya.

956. Teropong kegiatan: Kunjungan Habib Kazim bin Jakfar Assagaf (Darul Mustafa) & Habib 

Muhammad Al Juned Tarim. (2009, April). Akhbar Rabithah, 11, 15-18. 

Call No.: RSEA 297.09598 AR 

Sayyid Abubakar bin Husen Bilfaqih, seorang pendakwah kelahiran Hadhramaut datang 

ke Aceh untuk menjalankan tugasnya. Gambar-gambar dari kunjungan Habib Kazim 

serta silsilah Sayyid disertakan. 

957. Thomson, John Turnbull. (1984). Abdulla Bin Abdul Kader Moonshee. In Glimpses into life in 

Malayan lands (pp. 323-332). Singapore: Oxford University Press. 

Call No.: RSING 959.5 THO 

�� 

government surveyor of Singapore. 

958. Traill, H. F. O’ B. (1979, December). An Indian protagonist of the Malay language: Abdullah 

Munshi: His race and his mother-tongue. Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic 

Society, 52(2), 67-83. 

Call No.: RSING 959.5 JMBRAS 

This article reviews how Abdullah locates himself in the Muslim community. It discusses 

his parentage, especially the issue of his mother’s ethnicity. 

959. Tuan Syed Nasir: Tokoh bahasa kebangsaan Malaysia. (1964, Mei 30). Berita Harian, p. 9. 

�� 

Latar belakang Syed Nasir dan kerjaya beliau. 

960. Tun Sharifah Rodziah dgn pingat-nya. (1970, September 16). Berita Harian, p. 5. 

�� 

Tun Sharifah Rodziah menerima sebuah anugerah daripada Raja Thai. 

961. Tun Sharifah Rodziah aktif sa-mula dlm masharakat. (1971, Januari 25). Berita Harian, p. 5. 

�� 

Setelah bercuti panjang, Tun Sharifah Rodziah memulakan kerja-kerja kebajikan dan 

kemasyarakatan semula. 

962. Ustad Sagaf bin Muhammad bin Idrus bin Salim Al Jufri. (2008). Wawancara: Al-Khairaat 

dan pendidikan di Indonesia Timur. Buletin Daarul Aitam (edisi Syawal 1429 H), 36-39. 

Call No.: RSEA 362.73209598 BDA 

Sagaf mengingati Habib Idrus Aljufri, seorang pendakwah dan pendiri Al-Khairat, serta 

sumbangan-sumbangan beliau kepada masyarakat Indonesia. 

963. Wan Ahmad Hassan. (1970, Mei 9). Ramai pelawak di K.T’ganu tapi tak sama Syed Hussain. 


� �� 

Temu ramah bersama pelawak kegemaran ramai, Syed Hussain bin Syed Mohd. Nor 

yang berkongsi dengan pembaca tentang penglibatannya dalam lapangan lawak. 

213

11 Biography 

964. Yahya, Ali. (Trans). (2000). �� 

Shahabuddin (1287H - 1363H). [Jakarta]: s.n. 

Call No.: RSEA 297.0922598 SHA 

214 

Riwayat hidup Sayyid Abubakar bin Ali bin Abubakar Shahabuddin yang dilahirkan 

di Jakarta pada 24 Oktober 1870. Beliau berangkat dari Jakarta untuk menetap di 

Hadharamaut pada akhir tahun 1880 bersama ayahandanya. Foto-foto para sayyid dari 

Indonesia termasuk di sini.

12 Genealogies 

12.1 Royal lineages 

965. Abdullah Zakaria Ghazali. (1983). Salasilah Temenggung Johor: Satu penilaian. Purba, 2, 

19-25. 


Abdullah membentangkan dan membincangkan empat salasilah keturunan Temenggong 

yang berbeza. Ada di antaranya berketurunan Arab dari Hadhramaut. 

966. Abdullah Zakaria Ghazali. (1984). Persaingan di antara keluarga Sultan dengan keluarga 

Temenggung di Johor 1835-1885. Unpublished academic exercise, Universiti Malaya. 


Pada tahun 1835, Temenggong berjaya merampas kuasa di Johor sehingga beliau 

menjadi Sultan Johor. Kajian ini membincangkan salasilah keturunan Sultan dan 

Temenggong Johor serta kedudukan mereka sehingga kemangkatan Sultan Husin 

Muhammad Syah pada tahun 1835. Penulis memberi perhatian kepada krisis dan 

persaingan yang timbul akibat kemangkatan Sultan Husin. 

967. Francis, Jeffrey. (1960, April 24). Six bitter years in the life of Tuan Syed Putra. The Straits 

Times, p. 11. 

� �� 


This is the tale of the struggles of Syed Putra, King of Perlis, especially during the 

Japanese Occupation. It also looks at his return to the throne and his subsequent 

contributions to the state’s education system. Includes a photograph of the king. 

968. Hussain Baba Mohammad, P. J. K. (1969, December). Sejarah negeri dan raja-raja Perlis. 

Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 42(2), 173-196. 


Silsilah raja-raja Perlis ini menunjukkan keturunan Syed mereka. 

969. Kathirithamby-Wells, J. (2009, October). ‘Strangers’ and ‘stranger-kings’: The sayyid in 

eithteenth-century maritime Southeast Asia. J�� 

(3), 

pp. 567-591. 

Call No.: RSING 959.005 JSA 

Hadhrami migration of the to the Malay-Indonesia region produced sayyid kings who not 

only boosted traditions of the area but also lent leadership at a time when powers were 

threatened by Western expansion. This looks at some case studies of state making by 

these “stranger-kings” who also managed to shape the religious life of those they led. 

215

12 Genealogy 

970. Khoo, Salma Nasution. (1990). The legacy of Tengku Syed Hussain. Pulau Pinang, 2(2), 12-14, 

16-17. 


A description of the life and achievements of Tengku Syed Hussain, one of the earliest 

settlers of Arab descent in Penang. A royal descendent of an earlier Arab dynasty in Aceh, 

Tengku Syed Hussain came to Penang in 1792. He built up substantial wealth, which 

he used to found the Mesjid Jamek, and to establish a charity trust that provided Malay 

home for Muslim boys. The article also makes references to the historical links between 

Penang and Aceh in the areas of migration, religion and trade. 

971. Perpustakaan Awam Negeri Perlis. (2001). �� 

�� 

�� 

�� 

. Kangar, 

Perlis: Perbadanan Perpustakaan Awam Negeri Perlis. 


Buku ini menggambarkan salasilah Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin ibni Al-Marhum Tuanku 

�� 

gambar yang merakamkan detik-detik yang terindah dalam hidupnya. 

972. Saleeby, Najeeb M. (Najeeb Mitry). (1976). Studies in Moro history, law and religion. Manila: 

Filipiniana Book Guild. 

Call No.: RU RSEA 301.4529710599 SAL 

Dr Najeeb in Manila published this book in 1905. It represents a collection of some of 

the most authoritative tarsilas of the Magindanao, Bwayan and Iranun royal houses. 

Tarsilas are documents needed to establish legitimacy to rule. In some ways, they serve 

as documents regarding the advent of Islam to the Phillipines and events in the lives of 

Muslim leaders. Noteworthy in the tarsilas are the manner in which they demonstrate the 

lineage of the leader to Prophet Muhammad. 

973. Seri Paduka di-tabalkan. (1961, Januari 5). Berita Harian, p. 5. 

� �� 

Upacara pertabalan Seri Paduka Baginda Tuanku Syed Putra Ibni Al-Marhum Syed 

Hassan Jamalullail. 

974. Trengganu’s Sultan’s mother is an Alsagoff. (1999). �� 

Association of Singapore, 4(3), 8. 


�� 

wife’s father was Abdullah Alsagoff. 

975. Upachara gemilang di-dewan Tunku Abd. Rahman. (1961, Januari 4). Berita Harian, p. 5. 

�� 

216 

Duli Yang Maha Mulia Raja Perlis, Tuanku Syed Putra ‘Ibni Al-Marhum Syed Hassan 

Jamalullail dipertabalkan sebagai Seri Paduka Baginda Yang di-Pertuan Agong Yang 

Ketiga Persekutuan Tanah Melayu.

976. Winstedt, Richard Olof, Sir. (1918, September). The Hadhramaut Saiyids of Perak and Siak. 

Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 79, 49-54. 

Call No.: RRARE 959.5 JMBRAS 

� �� 

The author examines Perak royal geneaology with lineage that traces back to the Ahmad 

�� 

�� 

Due to intermarriages between the Saiyids and the Perak chiefs, the Saiyid ancestry is 

introduced into Perak royalty. The main purpose of the author’s study is to use Saiyid 

genealogy to identify the beginning of the Perak dynasty. 

977. Winstedt, Richard Olof, Sir. (1932). The early ruler of Perak, Pahang and Aceh. Journal of the 

�� 

(1), 32-44. 


� �� 

Winstedt illustrates the known relationship between the early rulers of Johore and 

Pahang, and goes on to corroborate the relationship between the rulers of Johore 

and Perak. There is a comparison of the genealogical trees of the rulers of the three 

peninsular states with that of the sultans of Aceh in order to throw light on some 

historical puzzles. 

978. Winstedt, Richard Olof, Sir. (1932). The Temengongs of Muar. Journal of the Malayan Branch 

�� 

(1), 30-31. 


� �� 

12.2 Family history 

The family of the Temenggong of Muar is descended from Sayid Idrus of Hadhramaut and 

Aceh. A genealogical tree is given. 

979. �� 

. (2008). �� 

�� 

�� 


[In Arabic] This book gives a good introduction to the prestigious Alkaff family. It records 

�� 

28 years old. 

980. Aljunied family starts its own education fund. (1982, June 2). The Straits Times, p. 11. 

� �� 


Eleven siblings from the Aljunied family start regular contributions to a family fund for their 

children’s tertiary education. 

217

12 Genealogy 

981. Alsagoff, Syed Mohsen. (1959). The Arab pioneers of Singapore – The Alsagoff family. In 

Commercial Directory and Guide Malaya. (3rd ed., pp. 67-70). Ipoh: O.S. Pada Advertising. 

Call No.: RCLOS 382.09595 CDGM 

� �� 

�� 

�� 

982. Alsagoff, Syed Mohsen. (1963). �� 

�� 

Alsagoff family. Singapore: The Author. 

Call No.: RCLOS 929.2095957 ALS 

Microform No.: MFC NL0068/164; NL5560 

Written by a member of the Alsagoff family, this book contains biographical sketches 

of the Alsagoff family in Singapore. Part one narrates the early history of the Alsagoff 

�� 

Syed Abdul Rahman Alsagoff, Syed Mohamed bin Ahmed bin Abdul Rahman Alsagoff, 

and Syed Mohamed bin Ahmed Alsagoff. Parts two and three of the book records the 

achievements of other family members. The book also includes the author’s genealogical 

table, a list of relatives of Syed Ahmed bin Abdul Rahman Alsagoff, and rare pictures from 

the family’s private collections. 

983. “Anak Singapura”. (1939, August 1). Notes of the day: The Alkaffs. The Straits Times, p. 12. 

� �� 


Alkaff and Co.’s standing in Singapore and the family’s standing in Hadhramaut is 

studied, based on extracts from H. St. J. Philby’s book entitled “Sheba’s daughters”. 

The author also discusses the issue of Arabs and other ethnic groups growing wealthy 

through transactions in Singapore. 

984. Arai, Kazuhiro. (2004). Arabs who traversed the Indian Ocean: The history of the Al-‘Attas 

�� 

. Unpublished academic exercise, 

University of Michigan. 


218 

This covers the history of Al-‘Attas family from its foundation to cover the space of the 

Indian Ocean. Kazuhiro concludes that even when there are different sources available 

to a historian who attempts to reconstruct a history of a well-documented sayyid family in 

Hadhramaut, this has its challenges. He also looks into the establishment of the Al-‘Attas 

family from the Al-Saqqaf origins in 1600s before tracing the expansion of the family 

inside and outside of Hadhramaut. This thesis analyses the migration of the charismatic 

individuals belonging to the same family across the Indian Ocean.

985. Arai, Kazuhiro. (2005). The history of Hadhrami migration to Southeast Asia: The case of the 

Al-‘Attas family. In Akira Usuki, Omar Farouk Bajunid, & Tomoko Yamagishi (Eds.), Population 

movement beyond the Middle East: Migration, diaspora, and network (pp. 165-183). Osaka, 

Japan: Japan Center for Area Studies, National Museum of Ethnology. 


The author looks at the pattern of Hadhrami migration to Southeast Asia through an indepth 

study of one family, the Al-‘Attas. Included are charts showing the various branches 

of the family tree and the descendents of its pioneer, Abu Bakr b. Ahmad al-Attas. 

986. �� 

. (1999). �� 

�� 

�� 

Call No.: R 953.3 BAF 

�� 

�� 

�� 

and lives. 

987. Ballerina. (1949, September 29). The Straits Times, p. 7. 

� �� 


Photograph of 12-year old Amina Alsagoff, daughter of S. I. A. Alsagoff dancing as a 

ballerina. A correction to her parentage is made in a letter published on 30 September as 

she is mistakenly reported as the daughter of S. I. O. Alsagoff. 

988. Bang, Anne K. (2003). �� 

��. London; New York: RoutledgeCurzon. 


�� 

The connection between religion and family can be traced back to the genealogical factor 

�� 

�� 

previous studies. 

989. �� 

��. (2006). �� 

�� 

556 H�� 

�� 

Call No.: R 929.109533 BIL 

�� 

�� 

Includes photographs taken during traditional events. The second half of the book depicts 

�� 

219

12 Genealogy 

990. Buckley, Charles Burton. (1984). An anecdotal history of old times in Singapore. Singapore: 

Oxford University Press. 

Call no.: RSING 959.57 BUC 

Online: http://sgebooks.nl.sg/opendoc.aspx?doc=shc/nlbhb/020000182.pdf (Volume 1) 

http://sgebooks.nl.sg/opendoc.aspx?doc=shc/nlbhb/020000183.pdf (Volume 2) 

This is a primary work on 19th century Singapore history, and it includes information from 

�� 

provides accounts of the early history of the Aljunieds, Alkaffs and Alsagoffs, as well 

a description of Syed Mohsin Bin Salleh Al Joofree, an Arab merchant, who was wellregarded 

by the Europeans. 

991. D. G. O. J�� 

the Hadhramaut. The Straits Times, p. 11. 

� �� 


This is a review of H. St. J. B. Philby’s Sheba’s daughters. 

992. Freitag, Ulrike. (2002). Arab merchants in Singapore: Attempt of a collective biography. In Huub 

de Jonge & N. J. G. Kaptein (Eds.), Transcending borders: Arabs, politics, trade and Islam in 

Southeast Asia (pp. 107-142). Leiden: KITLV Press. 


�� 

namely the Alkaffs, Alsagoffs, Aljunieds and the Bin Talibs. 

993. Grand old lady meets the Dame at birthday bash. (1997). �� 



The 95th birthday celebration of Zubaidah binte Abdul Rahman Aljunied is held at the 

�� 

of the birthday bash is included. 

994. �� 

. (2003). �� 

�� 

�� 

�� 

Call No.: R 953.35 IBN 

[In Arabic] Explains the history of Hadramawt and studies on Hadhramis. Includes also a 

�� 

995. Monuments: The Alsagoff family. (2003, December-January). Treasures of Time, 10-13. 

Call No.: RSING 959.57 TT 

220 

A brief description on one of the oldest Arab families in Singapore, the Alsagoffs. The 

article highlights two historical buildings associated with the family - the Masjid Hajjah 

Fatimah, also known as the “leaning tower of Singapore” and the Alsagoff Arab School, 

��

996. New Sultan Terengganu descendant of Sir Omar Aljunied. (1998). �� 



This is a short note tracing the genealogy of Tengku Mirzan Zainal Abidin and his links to 

the Aljunied family. There is a photograph of Tengku. 

997. One hundred twenty Arab family clans in Singapore. (1998). �� 



This is an alphabetical listing of the Arab clan names along with an appeal for information 

for updates on the list. 


[Transcript of Cassette Recording No 000523]. Retrieved November 11, 2008, from National 

Archives of Singapore Web site http://www.a2o.com.sg 

An interview with a descendent of the Alsagoff family. The interviewee explains the origin 

of the name “Alsagoff” and gives an account of the family history. He also talks about 

the business successes of Syed Ahmad bin Mohamed Alsagoff and Syed Omar bin 

Mohamed bin Omar Alsagoff. The interview is conducted in English. 

999. Oral History Centre. (1983?).�� 

[Transcript 

of Cassette Recording No. 001455]. Retrieved November 11, 2008, from National Archives of 

Singapore Web site http://www.a2o.com.sg 

The interviewee talks about the origin of Bajrai clan and other Arab clans in Singapore. 

He also describes the marriage customs and ceremonial rites of Arabs of the past, and 

the adoption of Malay customs among Arabs. He explains the objectives of the Arab 

Association and his involvement with the association. He also underlines the importance 

of preserving the Arab language and the histories of Arab families in Singapore. The 

interview is conducted in Malay. 

1000. Oral History Centre. (1996). Al-Azzahir, Syed Ali Abdul Kadir. In Communities of Singapore: 

�� 

(p. 15-16). Singapore: Oral History 

Department. 

Call No.: RSING 959.57 COM 

In this summary record of an oral history interview carried out by the Oral History Centre 

of the National Archives of Singapore, the interviewee explains the origin of the Al-Azzahir 

family name, and life in Tarim and Singapore and their differences. He also shares about 

his experience during the Japanese Occupation and provides a description of the Arab 

community in Singapore. An account of his teaching experience in a madrasah is also 

given. The interview is conducted in Malay. 

221

12 Genealogy 

1001. Priceless heirlooms. (1992, May 2). The Straits Times, Life, p. 3 

� �� 


The article considers the Islamic manuscript and gemstone collections of the Alkadri 

family in Singapore. It documents their attempts to value the items. 

1002. Saadiah, Said. (1979). Kegiatan keluarga Alsagoff dalam ekonomi negeri Johor 1878-1906. 

Jebat, 8, 52-67. 


Sumbangan Syed Mohamed Alsagoff, pedagang kaya dari Singapura, di negeri Johor 

amat dihargai kerana beliau berjaya membangunkan kawasan hutan kepada kawasan 

yang dapat menghasilkan tanaman ekspot dan sara diri. Sumbangan beliau kepada 

pembangunan ekonomi Johor, digiatkan pula oleh Sultan Abu Bakar. 

�� 

volunteered to spread out Islamic teachings]. (1934, January 4). �� , p .4. 

� �� 

�� 

�� 

Islam in villages. They succeeded with the conversion of a Chinese family to Islam who 

then built a mosque. 

1004. Singapore Tatler. (1992). The enterprising Alsagoffs of Singapore: Men of property. 

In Singapore days of old: A special commemorative history of Singapore published in the 

�� th anniversary of Singapore Tatler (pp. 56-57). Hong Kong: Illustrated Magazine Pub. 

Call no.: RSING 959.57 SIN-[HIS] 

An overview of the history and accomplishments of the Alsagoff family in Singapore, with 

�� 

Singapore. His son, Syed Ahmed who married the Bugis princess Raja Siti, and his son, 

�� 

1005. Singapore Tatler. (1992). The pioneering Aljunieds: Philanthropic calls. Singapore days of old: 

th �� 

anniversary of Singapore 

Tatler (pp. 54-55). Hong Kong: Illustrated Magazine Pub. 

Call no.: RSING 959.57 SIN-[HIS] 

222 

The article chronicles some of the charitable acts of the Aljunied family from the time 

�� 

philanthropic works include the building of the Masjid Melaka (Malacca Mosque), the 

Madrasah Aljunied Al-Islamiah (Aljunied Islamic School), Muslim cemeteries, water wells, 

public bridges, and the donation of land for the building of the Tan Tock Seng Hospital.

1006. Wright, Arnold, & Cartwright, H. A. (1908). Twentieth century impressions of British Malaya: Its 

history, people, commerce, industries, and resources. London: Lloyd’s Greater Britain Pub. 

Call No.: RRARE 959.51033 TWE 

� �� 

Online: Southeast Asia Visions at 

http://digital.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=sea;idno=sea233 

12.3 Obituary 

An encyclopedic work of sorts that introduces European readers to the history, 

geography, government, people and commerce in British Malaya. Included are entries on 

the Alkaffs and Alsagoffs in Singapore. 

�� , p. 4. 

� �� 

�� 

�� 

1008. Alsagoff dies at home. (1955, June 28). The Straits Times, p. 7. 

� �� 


This announces the death of Syed Ahmad bin Omar Alsagoff. 

1009. Ayah Dato’ Syed Esa meninggal. (1963, Oktober 20). Berita Harian, p. 1. 

�� 

Pengumuman kematian Tuan Syed Hassan bin Syed M. Salim Almanoer, ayah kepada 

Dato’ Syed Esa Almanoer, Setiausaha Jawatankuasa Perhubungan UMNO. 

1010. Datin Sharifah Alawiah meninggal. (1961, Oktober 3). Berita Harian, p. 5. 

�� 

Pengumuman kematian bekas ketua Kaum Ibu UMNO Singapura, Datin Sharifah 

Alawiah Alsagoff. 

1011. Dato Alkaff meninggal kerana sakit jantong. (1971, Oktober 17). Berita Harian, p. 1. 

�� 

Pemimpin keluarga Alkaff di Singapura, Dato Syed Mohammad Alkaff meninggal dunia 

akibat serangan jantung. 

1012. Dato Syed Ahmad meninggal sa-chara mengejut. (1965,Ogos 30). Berita Harian, p. 1. 

�� 

Dato Syed A. M. Alsagoff telah meninggal dunia secara mengejut di rumahnya. 

223

12 Genealogy 

1013. Dato Syed Alkaff dies of heart attack at 69. (1971, October 17). The Straits Times, p. 11. 

� �� 


This is an obituary of Syed Mohamed Alkaff and some of the positions he held in 

the community. 

1014. Death [Obituary]. (1925, July 11). The Straits Times, p. 8. 

� �� 


Announces the death of Mahmood Effendi Alsagoff, adopted son of Syed 

Mohamed Alsagoff. 

1015. Death [Obituary]. (1956, May 30). The Straits Times, p. 6. 

� �� 


This is an announcement of the death of Ayesha binte Hussein Alsagoff, wife of Capt. 

Mohamed bin Dato A. M. Alsagoff. 

1016. Death of Datin Sharifah. (1961, October 3). The Straits Times, p. 9. 

� �� 


This announces the death of the wife of Dato Syed A. M. Alsagoff and gives a brief of 

her accomplishments. 

1017. Death of Syed Ali Alsagoff. (1923, July 31). The Straits Times, p. 8. 

� �� 


Announces the death of Syed Ali Alsagoff, younger brother of Syed Omar Alsagoff. 

1018. [Death of Syed Sheik Abdulrahman bin Abdulrahman Alkaff]. (1910, April 12). The Straits Times, 

p. 8. 

� �� 


A brief announcement of the death of Syed Sheik Abdulrahman bin Abdulrahman Alkaff. 

1019. Death (of Turkish Consul General). (1903, November 11). The Straits Times, p. 5. 

� �� 


224 

Details of the inquest into the accidental death of the Consul General of Turkey, 

Attaoullah Bey followed by a lengthy description of the impressive funeral procession. 

The Arab support in both the inquest and funeral is also mentioned.

1020. Death of well-known Arab resident. (1941, February 13). The Straits Times, p. 10. 

� �� 


This is a brief note on the death of Shaikh Ahmad bin Abubakr Lajam and his role in 

South Arabia and his father’s wealthy estate. 

1021. Deaths [Obituary]. (1922, March 13). The Straits Times, p. 8. 

� �� 


A brief announcement of the death of Syed Abdul Raman bin Abdollah (Abdullah) Alkaff. 

�� 

�� , p. 6. 

� �� 

�� 

1023. Gabnor P. Pinang meninggal dunia. (1969, Februari 1). Berita Harian, p. 1. 

�� 

Tun Syed Shahabuddin meninggal dunia. 

1024. Guru besar Aljunied meninggal. (1962, Oktober 29). Berita Harian, p. 2. 

�� 

Tuan Sheikh Abdullah Balfaqih meninggal dunia. 

1025. Ibunda Syed Omar meninggal dunia. (1968, April 20). Berita Harian, p. 5. 

�� 

Sharifah Zainul Sharaf, 74 tahun, ibu kepada Syed Omar Alsagoff meninggal di rumahnya 

di Nassim Road. 

�� Al-Hudá, p.7. 

� �� 

�� 

�� 

two months. 

�� , p. 4. 

� �� 

�� 

away. He was buried on Saturday afternoon. 

�� 

, p. 6. 

� �� 

�� 

�� 

225

12 Genealogy 

�� Al-Hudá, p. 9. 

� �� 

�� 

�� , p. 5. 

� �� 

�� 

the age of 70. 

�� , p. 5. 

� �� 

�� 

�� , p. 6. 

� �� 

�� 

knowledgeable man. He spent about 20 years teaching English at Madrasahs until his 

last days. 

�� , p. 1. 

� �� 

�� 

�� 

a respected businessman. 

�� 

, p. 4. 

� �� 

�� 

newspaper passed away in Penang. 

1035. The late Syed Md. Alsagoff: Impressive sight at Mohammedan funeral. (1906, July 4). The Straits 

Times, p. 5. 

� �� 


A detailed report of the funeral and procession at Johore of Syed Mahomed Alsagoff. 

1036. Late Syed Omar Alsagoff. (1927, May 24). The Straits Times, p. 9. 

� �� 


226 

A listing of attendees at the funeral of Syed Omar bin Alsagoff.

1037. Loss to Singapore Arab community. (1931, January 2). The Straits Times, p. 11. 

� �� 


�� 

Mohamed bin Omar Alsagoff soon after their untimely death. 

1038. Pelakon S.M. Alkaff meninggal dunia. (1987, Mac 15). Berita Minggu, Dalam Negeri, p. 2. 

� �� 

Pelakon sambilan radio dan televisyen setempat, Encik S.M. Alkaff meninggal dunia 

secara mengejut pada awal pagi tadi. 

1039. [Prayers for the recently deceased Sultan Mohsin bin Galib bin Mohsin Alhathiri, the ruler of 

Tarim]. (1924, December 26). The Straits Times, p. 8. 

� �� 

Syed Abdulrahman bin Shaikh Alkaff is offering prayers for the recently deceased Sultan 

Mohsin bin Galib bin Mohsin Alhathiri, the ruler of Tarim. 

�� Al-Hudá, p. 7. 

� �� 

�� 

passed away after suffering from an illness. 

1041. Shahab, Alwi. (2006). Selamat Jalan Bapak Ali Alatas. Media Daarul Aitam, 1-2(4), 1. 


Tentang seorang diplomat Indonesia, Ali Alatas yang meninggal dunia. Selain daripada 

kerjayanya sebagai mantan diplomat kawakan, Almarhum pernah menjadi wartawan 

suratkhabar Belanda. 


� �� 


�� 

community is described in this obituary. 

1043. Sudden death of Dato Alsagoff. (1965, August 30). The Straits Times, p. 5. 

� �� 


This is an obituary of Dato A. M. Alsagoff with details of his accomplishments. 

1044. Syed Abdullah Alsagoff dies of heart attack. (1963, December 31). The Straits Times, p. 16. 

� �� 


This is an announcement of the death of Syed Abdullah Alsagoff. It notes his relationship 

with Tengku Abdul Rahman through his wife and his role at the Railway Services 

Commission. 

227

12 Genealogy 

1045. Syed Ali (Othello Melayu) Al-Attas meninggal dunia. (1968, Disember 24). Berita Harian, p. 5. 

�� 

Syed Ali Mansur Al-Attas, tokoh bangsawan Melayu terkenal meninggal dunia kerana 

penyakit tua. 

1046. Syed Alwee, Muslim leader, dies in Singapore. (1939, 12 March). The Straits Times, p. 2. 

� �� 


This is a brief obituary of Syed Alwee. 

1047. Syed Hassan meninggal. (1968, April 23). Berita Harian, p. 2. 

�� 

Syed Hassan bin Mohamed, ayah saudara Syed Omar Alsagoff telah meninggal dunia 

kerana penyakit tua. 

1048. Syed Jan meninggal. (1965, November 25). Berita Harian, p. 1. 

�� 

Syed Jan bin Syed Askar Al-Jefferi, yang dilantik sebagai guru besar pertama Sekolah 

Ibrahim meninggal dunia. 

1049. Syed Omar Alsagoff: Funeral in Singapore on Monday afternoon. (1927, May 21). The Straits 

Times, p. 8. 

� �� 


This is an announcement of the return of Syed Omar bin Alsagoff’s body from 

Soekaboemi and his burial in Singapore. 

1050. Syed Omar Alsagoff: Sudden death while visiting Java. (1927, May 18). The Straits Times, p. 9. 

� �� 


This obituary of Syed Omar gives a good outline of his life, business accomplishments 

and the high regard accorded him in the Muslim community. 

1051. Takziah Dr Yeoh atas kepergian Syed Nasir Ismail. (1982, Mac 18). Berita Harian, p. 1. 

�� 

228 

Speaker Parlimen Dr Yeoh Ghim Seng menyampaikan kawat takziah kepada Timbalan 

Speaker Dewan Rakyat Malaysia Datuk Mansor Othman atas pemergian Allahyarham 

Tan Sri Syed Nasir Ismail. Tan Sri Syed Nasir Ismail telah meninggal dunia akibat 

serangan sakit jantung ketika mempengerusikan sidang Dewan Rakyat.

1052. Tribute to late Syed Abdulrahman. (1948, 25 August). The Straits Times, p. 4. 

� �� 


This is an announcement of Syed Abdulrahman’s death and summarises his contributions 

especially to the Muslim community. 

1053. Udara sedeh pilu meliputi Pulau Pinang. (1969, Februari 2). Berita Harian, p. 1. 

�� 

Pengebumian Allahyarham Tun Syed Shahabuddin. 

�� Al-Hudá, p. 6. 

� �� 

�� 

Junayd has passed away in Aden at the age of 80. 

�� Al-Hudá, p. 7. 

� �� 

�� 

as the Government treasurer of Batu Pahat passed away in Aden. 

�� , p. 6. 

� �� 

�� 

�� 

businessman. On Saturday, his body was escorted by a large number of Arabs, Hindus 

and Chinese people. He was known to be a kind person. 

�� , p. 4. 

� �� 

�� 

�� , p. 4. 

� �� 

�� 

night. He was buried on Thursday morning in Johor. 

�� , p. 5. 

� �� 

[In Arabic] There are news from Hadhramaut regarding the passing of his Excellency, 

�� 

229

12 Genealogy 

�� Al-Hudá, p. 6. 

� �� 

�� 

�� 

�� , p. 5. 

� �� 

�� 

�� 

�� 

�� , p. 3. 

� �� 

�� 

�� 

�� , p. 1. 

� �� 

12.4 Weddings 

�� 

�� 

1064. 44 days celebration of Perak Sultan’s daughter’s wedding. (1972, August 24). The Straits Times, 

p. 6. 

� �� 


The pomp wedding celebrations of Syed Omar bin Syed Ali Alsagoff’s and Raja Nazhatul 

Shima, eldest daughter of the Sultan of Perak is described here. There is mention of how 

the couple met. 

1065. Adat bersiram dalam suasana indah di-Istana Negara untok kedua pengantin di-raja jelita. (1962, 

Mei 22). Berita Harian, p. 1. 

�� 

Istiadat terakhir yang dijalankan, iaitu istiadat bersiram, menandakan berakhirnya 

upacara perkahwinan Puteri Sharifah Salwah dan Tengku Sulaiman. 

1066. An Alsagoff weds an Alsagoff. (1959, September 26). The Straits Times, p. 4. 

� �� 


230 

This is an announcement of the soleminisation ceremony between Major Syed Mohamed 

Alsagoff and Sharifa Shekha Alsagoff. With photograph of couple.

1067. Alsagoff’s son marries. (1955, December 30). The Straits Times, p. 9. 

� �� 


The wedding between Syed Hassim, son of A. M. Alsagoff, with Sariffa Lulu, daughter of 

Syed Salim Al-Tas is announced. 

1068. Anak saudara Sharifah Rodziah bertunang. (1962, September 15). Berita Harian, p. 1. 

�� 

Pertunangan Sharifah Maheran binti Kassim dan Syed Rosli bin Abu Bakar. 

�� , p.1. 

� �� 

[In Arabic] Yesterday, two of the most respected families in Singapore celebrated their 

�� 

�� 

1070. Arab double wedding: Well-known local families. (1941, August 4). The Straits Times, p. 8. 

� �� 


This is a brief description of the double weddings of siblings in the Alsagoff family. 

Important guests are mentioned including some details of the week-long celebrations. 

1071. Arab millionaire’s daughter weds. (1937, October 18). The Straits Times, p. 21. 

� �� 


This is a brief announcement of the wedding between Syed Hyder bin Sahil Jamal El Lail 

and Sherifah Azizah. 

1072. Brothers to marry in same week. (1953, September 23). The Straits Times, p. 8. 

� �� 


The eldest sons of A. M. Alsagoff, Syed Mohamad Alsagoff and Syed Ali Alsagoff, will 

marry Shariffa Asiah and Shariffa Rogia respectively. 

1073. Dahari Ali. (1961, November 19). Selangor Sultan marries a S’pore beauty. The Straits Times, 

p. 1. 

� �� 


This gives details of the marriage between Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah and 

Sharifah Slamah binte Syed Ahmad Alkaff. It includes the Sultan’s previous marriages, 

the location of the ceremonies and his new bride’s family background. 

231

12 Genealogy 

1074. Double Mohammedan wedding. (1923, January 31). The Straits Times, p. 10. 

� �� 


A unique occasion of a double wedding with the couples married being Syed Mohamed 

Alkaff and Mimonah as well as Syed Mohamed Alhadad and Mandak. Details of the 

decorations at the Christmas Island villa at East Coast Road along with western 

�� 

1075. Enter the bride in 50-year-old Arab attire. (1969, March 19). The Straits Times, p. 9. 

� �� 


Sharifah Mahani, daughter of Syed Mohamed Alsagoff dons her great-grandmother’s 

authentic Arab gown for her wedding. A photograph of the wedding couple is included. 

1076. Istiadat purba dlm majlis perkahwinan Sharifah Salwa. (1962, Mei 11). Berita Harian, p. 5. 

� �� 

Sembilan istiadat dari zaman kebesaran Melayu masa lampau akan dilakukan semasa 

majlis perkahwinan Sharifah Salwa. 

1077. Ketika ijab dan kabul di-lafazkan, sa-bagai tanda kaseh di-rasmikan. (1962, Mei 21). Berita 

Harian, p. 1. 

�� 

Puteri Sharifah Salwa dan Tengku Sulaiman telah selamat diijabkabulkan. 

1078. Lisa, 19, kahwin. (1959, April 17). Berita Harian, p.1 

� �� 

Fatimah binti Abdullah atau lebih dikenali sebagai Lisa Assegaf, yang berasal daripada 

sebuah keluarga Arab, telah mengahwini anak Sultan Terengganu, Tengku Mahmud bin 

Sultan Ismail. 

1079. Mr. S. M. A. Alsagoff married. (1935, October 13). The Straits Times, p. 24. 

� �� 


Highlights of the marriage of S. M. A. Alsagoff, nephew of A. M. Alsagoff, with the 

daughter of S. A. T. Alsagoff. 

1080. Perayaan kahwin di-raja di-mulai. (1962, Mei 17). Berita Harian, p. 1. 

�� 

232 

Perayaan perkahwinan Sharifah Salwa yang akan berlangsung selama sepuluh hari 

sepuluh malam sudah bermula di Istana Negara.

1081. [Photograph of the wedded couple Syed Mohsin b. Mohamed (Al Attas) and Shari Amina binti 

Hassan (Al Habshi)]. (1937, October 24). The Straits Times, p. 21. 

� �� 


This is a photograph of the wedded couple Syed Mohsin b. Mohamed (Al Attas) and Shari 

Amina binti Hassan (Al Habshi) from Batu Pahat. 

1082. Signs the register. (1950, October 1). The Straits Times, p. 1. 

� �� 


This is a photograph of Syed Ahmad bin bin Mohamed Alsagoff signing the marriage 

register on the occasion of his daughter marriage to Syed Ahmad bin Abdul 

Rahman Alsagoff. 

1083. S’pore double wedding. (1951, April 24). The Straits Times, p. 4. 

� �� 


These are wedding photographs showing the two unions of Syed Sheikh bin Mohamed 

Alkaff with Aminah binte Harun Aljuneid (Aljunied) and Syed Ahmad bin Mohamed Alkaff 

with Rugaiah binte Mohamed Alkaff. 

1084. Son of former Minister weds. (1962, January 20). The Straits Times, p. 8. 

� �� 


This is a wedding photograph of Syed Ali Retha, son of Syed Ja’afar Albar. 

1085. Sweetly, with love. (1972, September 17). The Straits Times, p. 3. 

� �� 


This gives details of the wedding gifts for Raja Nazhatul Shima, eldest daughter of the 

Sultan of Perak, who wed Syed Omar Alsagoff bin Syed Ali Alsagoff. 

1086. Tahniah Sharifah Salmah kapada Sultan. (1967, November 10). Berita Harian, p. 5. 

�� 

Isteri ketiga Sultan Perak, Puan Sharifah Salmah menyambut dengan baik perkahwinan 

suaminya dengan Che’ Satira, seorang gadis dari Selatan Siam. 

1087. Waited a week to see her husband. (1950, October 1). The Straits Times, p. 11. 

� �� 


Sherifa Mahani, daughter of A. M. Alsagoff, had a traditional wedding ceremony with Syed 

Ahmad bin Abdulrahman Alsagoff. 

233

12 Genealogy 

1088. Walimah puteri di-Raja Perlis pada 18 Mei. (1970, Mei 6). Berita Harian, p. 3. 

�� 

Shariffah Azum akan menikahi Tengku Abdul Halim pada 18 Mei manakala Syed 

Sirajuddin dillantik sebagai Pengerusi Jawatankuasa Perayaan pada hari 

perkahwinan adindanya. 

�� , p. 3. 

� �� 

234 

�� 

�� 

on the 4th of February.

13 Law 

13.1 General 

1090. Abdullah Alwi Haji Hassan. (1980). Kelantan: Islamic legal history before 1909. Malaysia in 

History, 23, 10-30. 


Looks at the establisment of the Islamic law in Kelantan through the establishment of its 

institution and judicial system in the late 18 th and 19 th century. 

1091. A building case. (1903, April 17). The Straits Times, p. 5. 

� �� 


Syed Mohamed Alsagoff is issued a summons for deviating from building plans. Details of 

the case is given. 

1092. Ahmad Ibrahim. (1963, November). The legal position of the Muslims in Singapore I. World 

Muslim League magazine, 1(1), 37-50. 

Call No.: RCLOS 297.05 WMLM 

Ahmad Ibrahim discusses the privileges or otherwise accrued to the different ethnic 

groups of the Muslim community, especially the Malays. He gives us an overview of the 

immigration of the Arab Hadhramis into the area. 

1093. Ahmad Ibrahim. (1963, December). The status of Muslim women in family law in Malaysia and 

Brunei. Malayan Law Review, 5(2), 313-337. 

Call No.: RCLOS 340.05 UNI 

This paper discusses the Muslim family law as administered in all the parts of Malaysia, 

that is to say the States of Malaya, the State of Singapore, the Borneo States of Sarawak 

and Sabah (formerly North Borneo) as well as Brunei. The different aspects of family law 

will be discussed separately. 

1094. Ahmad Ibrahim. (1965). The legal status of Muslims in Singapore. Singapore: Malayan 

Law Journal. 

Call no.: RCLOS 342.087 AHM 

This book, which outlines the legal position of the Muslims in Singapore, reviews and 

sums up the statutes and case law relating to family law, the law of property, construction 

of wills and trusts instruments. It also contains a chapter on the history of Muslim 

endowments in Singapore, a number of which are founded and managed by 

the Arab community. 

235

13 Law 

1095. Alkaff contract litigation: Final addresses before Chief Justice. (1929, May 7). The Straits Times, 

p. 10. 

� �� 


Summary of the case between contractor S. Muteumaru (Muthukumaru) and property 

owner Alkaff and Co. concerning an alleged breach of contract on the part of Alkaff and 

Co. Both the case for the defendants and the plaintiffs are summarised. 

1096. Architect’s claim: J. B. Westerhout and Alkaff and Co. (1931, November 13). The Straits Times, 

p. 18. 

� �� 


Details of the case between famed architect J. B. Westerhout and Alkaff and Co. 

concerning unpaid fees for the building of a mosque at Alkaff Gardens and a sea wall and 

sea pavilio at Pasir Panjang. 

1097. Architect’s claim: Judgement on Westerhout-Alkaff case. (1931, November 20). The Straits 

Times, p. 17. 

� �� 


Judgement on the case between architect J. B. Westerhout and Alkaff and Co. is given. 

1098. Beach Road housing contract. (1929, December 7). The Straits Times, p. 17. 

� �� 


Details of the case between contractor S. Muthukumaru and property owner Alkaff and 

Co. concerning an alleged breach of contract on the part of Alkaff and Co. amounting to 

more than $250,000 in connection to a building at Beach Road. 

1099. Kaptein, N. J. G. (1997). Sayyid ‘Uthmân on the legal validity of documentary evidence. 

�� 

, 85-102. 


236 

Sayyid ‘Uthmân was one of the most productive Islamic scholars in the Netherlands East 

Indies of his time. Born of Batavian Arab decent, he is best known as adviser of Muslim 

affairs to the Dutch colonial administration. Kaptein devotes this article to this person as 

he has not been mentioned in monographs. More importanly, he analyses how Sayyid 

‘Uthmân located himself within the Dutch colonial administration. To demonstrate this, 

he will analyse Sayyid ‘Uthmân’s views on the legal validity of documentary evidence in 

this article before and after his involvement in the colonial administration in 1889. This 

is heightened by the the basis within the Islamic law which posits that documentary 

evidence is inadmissible. Kaptein concludes with general remarks on Sayyid ‘Uthmân’s 

works.

1100. Landlords and new ordinance - important test case - use of a Fraser Street house (1931, 

December 1). The Straits Times., p. 16. 

� �� 


�� 

properties being used as a brothel. 

1101. Mosque in Alkaff Gardens: Appeal Court dispute. (1932, June 21). The Straits Times, p. 12. 

� �� 


The continuing case between architect J. B. Westerhout and Alkaff and Co. with details 

on the dispute concerning the proposed mosque at Alkaff Gardens. 

1102. A partnership dispute. (1916, July 6). The Straits Times, p. 6. 

� �� 


Syed Hassan Alsagoff brings action against the partners of Alsagoff and Co, Syed Omar 

Alsagoff and the late Syed Abdul Kader for irregularities in business matters, which 

centred on a dispute over the ownership of the business. 

1103. Solicitor and client. (1918, May 7). The Straits Times, p. 7. 

� �� 


Details of Justice Ebden’s considerations on whether Syed Hassan Alsagoff’s application 

to increase his Receiver’s renumeration should be granted or withdrawn. 

1104. Syed Ali sambut baik kelulusan rang undang2 Islam Singapura dalam tahun ini. (1965, Mac 26). 


�� 

Ketua Jabatan Ugama UMNO, Syed Ali Redha menyambut baik pelaksanaan rang 

undang-undang Islam yang sebenarnya telah lama digubal. 


�� 

Dato’ Syed Ibrahim Omar Alsagoff, pengerusi Majlis Islam Penasihat Kerajaan telah 

mengadakan satu perjumpaan khas dengan Jawatankuasa “Wakil” Umat Islam untuk 

membincangkan rang undang-undang Pentadbiran Islam 1960 yang sedang menjadi 

perhatian masyarakat. 

1106. Tuntutan di-tolak kerana ulama “terlalu banyak”. (1961, Mei 10). Berita Harian, p. 1. 

�� 

Majlis Islam Penasihat Kerajaan keberatan untuk menerima cadangan untuk memanggil 

ulama-ulama setempat supaya memikirkan semula rang undang-undang pentadbiran 

Islam 1960. 

237

13 Law 

13.2 Marriage 

1107. Ahmad Ibrahim. (1963, December). The legal position of the Muslims in Singapore II. World 



�� 

cases regarding the ceremonies of religion, and marriages, and the rules of inheritance, 

the laws, customs of the Malays will be respected where they shall be not be contrary 

to reason, justice and humanity” supplemented by the Charter of Justice (1825, 1855). 

This made the application of the English law to Malays, inclusive of Muslims, necessary 

as well as problematic. He examines this in the context of Muslim marriages and the 

application of the English law. 

1108. Ahmad Ibrahim. (1964, July). The status of Muslim women in family law in Malaysia and 

Brunei*: Section 3 - dissolution of marriage, annulment and separation including their effects on 

the status of husband and wife. Malaya Law Review, 6(1), 40-82. 


In Muslim Law, a husband is permitted to divorce his wife by pronouncing a talak or 

repudiation against her. Although divorce is permitted, it is not encouraged and, in 

religious theory, at least, is frowned upon. Ahmad Ibrahim discusses this in context of the 

Muslim family law in Malaysia and Brunei with case references in Singapore. 

1109. Alsagoff, Syed Ibrahim Omar. (1950, August 10). Maria Hertogh’s marriage: A Muslim view. 


� �� 


Alsagoff writes his viewpoints on the validity of Hertogh’s marriage in Muslim terms 

despite her age and circumstances. 

1110. Alsagoff, Syed Ibrahim Omar. (1950, October 14). Mr. Alsagoff on the Laycock Bill. The Straits 

Times, p. 9. 

� �� 


Alsagoff’s letter make references to the editorial dated September 16 entitled “Uncle John 

Laycock” where an age limit on marriage is proposed. Alsagoff delineates the various 

views of an age limit to marriage from a Muslim perspective. 

1111. An Alsagoff tangle. (1921, November 7). The Straits Times, p. 10. 

� �� 


238 

This is a summary of judgement on the legitimacy of Syed Mohamed Alsagoff’s children 

by his former wife Asiah.

1112. Ameer Wahid Razalli. (1960, Julai 8). Peratoran baharu tentang nikah, cerai. Berita Harian, 

p. 4. 

� �� 

Jabatan Ugama Islam Selangor memperbaharui sistem nikah dan cerai yang dikatakan 

dapat memberi hak istimewa kepada kaum wanita. 

1113. Barrett-Lennard, Fiennes. (1922, February 1). Dissenting justice’s views. The Straits Times, 

p. 9. 

� �� 


The full-text of judge Barrett-Lennard’s judgment on the marital status of Asiah binte Haji 

Arsard with Syed Mohammed Alsagoff in the claims of their progeny, Syed Mohammed 

Yassin (alias Wan puteh) and Sheriffa Rogayah. Barrett-Lennard analyses the contract 

law implied in Muslim marriages and the validity of an uncommunicated talak. 

1114. Bartholomew, G. W. (Geoffrey Wilson). (1970, August). The application of Sharia in Singapore. 

�� 

, 31-41. 


The article considers the relationship between the jurisdiction of the Singapore 

Shariah Court (constituted under the Administration of Muslim Law Act, 1966) and the 

civil jurisdiction of the High Court of Singapore (constituted by the Supreme Court of 

Judicature Act, 1969) in divorce and matrimonial cases. 

1115. Bichara gadis Arab. (1959, April 3). Berita Harian, p. 5. 

� �� 

Gadis Arab 18 tahun, Sharifah Salmah, tidak dapat menikahi teman lelakinya kerana 

ayahnya menyifatkan perkahwinan itu sebagai tidak sekufu. 

1116. [Case of Syed Mohamed bin Ally Al Junied]. (1861, November 9). The Straits Times, p. 35. 

� �� 


The case of Syed Mohamed bin Ally Al Junied and his attempts to legally claim his wife 

whose relatives had illegally detained her. 

1117. Chua, B. L. (1959). Muslim law of marriage: Syed Abdullah al-Shatiri v Shariffa Salmah. 

University of Malayan Law Review, 1(2), 362-364. 

Call No.: RCLOS 349.595705 UMLR 

This was an appeal to the Appeal Board from the newly constituted Shariah Court of 

Singapore. Both the Appeal Board and the Shariah Court are constituted under the 

Muslims Ordinance, 1957. The points of the issue was whether a father could, under the 

�� 

whether a non-registration of a Muslim marriage under the provisions of the Muslims 

Ordiance would render the marriage void. 

239

13 Law 

1118. Djamour, Judith. (1966). The Muslim matrimonial court in Singapore. London: University of 

London, Athlone Press. 

Call No.: RSING 301.42095957 DJA 

Djamour’s return to Singapore result in this study of the impact of a new legislation 

(in 1957) and Shariah Court (1958) on Muslim marriages and divorces. She includes 

cases from non-Malay, Muslim groups in Singapore. 

1119. Mehrun Siraj. (1963). The status of Muslim women in family law in Singapore. World Muslim 

League magazine, 1(2), 40-52. 


Looks at laws applicable to Muslims in Singapore especially for Malays and Arabs. The 

contextualisation of these marriage laws in Singapore examines the constraints of the 

Shariah law in practice. 

1120. Mehrun Siraj. (1963, July). The Shariah Court of Singapore and its control of the divorce rate. 

Malaya Law Review, 5(1), 148-159. 


This article studies the impact of the Shariah Court in its attempt to curb the high rates of 

divorce amongst Muslims in Singapore. 

1121. Mehrun Siraj. (1963, November). The Shariah Court, Singapore. World Muslim League 

magazine, 1(1), 31-36. 


Dato Syed Ibrahim bin Omar Alsagoff writes the foreword. She discusses the work of 

the Shariah Court in Singapore and its challenges especially pertaining to its attempt to 

control polygamy. 

1122. Mehrun Siraj. (1963, December). Enticement of minor and the validity of her marriage under 

Muslim Law Re Husseinah Banoo. Malaya Law Review, 5(2), 392-397. 


The case of Husseinah Banoo has raised interesting questions on law, which had to be 

decided not only in the High Court but also in the Shariah Court. There is a difference 

�� 

who enters into a contract of marriage with a man who is not her equal is liable to have 

her marriage annulled on the application of her father or guardian for marriage. This 

would appear to be a heavy price to pay for the privilege of being able to contract the 

marriage without the consent of her guardian. 

1123. Mehrun Siraj. (1964, January). Muslim marriages in Singapore. World Muslim League 

magazine, 1(3), 41-50. 


240 

The social and legal practices of Muslim marriages in Singapore at this time.

1124. Mehrun Siraj. (1964, December). The control of polygamy. Malaya Law Review, 6(2), 387-405. 


Mehrun discusses the legal jurisidictions in other Muslim countries surrounding polygamy 

and its limits. She illustrates the context of Singapore with few prepositions such as 

relooking into the task of the Chief Kathi and proposing guidelines for both the Shariah 

Court and the Appeal Board to aid the Chief Kathi. 

1125. Mehrun Siraj. (1966). Ancillary orders on Muslim divorce - Practice of the Sharia Court in 

Singapore. Malaya Law Review, 8(1), 86-94. 


Provisions would appear to give ample powers to the Shariah Court to make ancillary 

orders on divorce but in practice these powers have a very limited effect on either 

alleviating the loss suffered by the divorced wife and children, or, as economic deterrents 

on divorce. In Singapore, a valiant effort has been made to prevent the abuse of divorce, 

which leads to the breakup of the family, the degradation of women and the neglect 

of children. 

1126. Mohammedan marriages. (1922, February 1). The Straits Times, p. 9. 

� �� 


The full-text of the Chief Justice’s ruling concerning the validity of the marriage between 

Asiah binte Hadji Arshad and Syed Mohammed Alsagoff in the Muslim context with 

particular reference to the talak. 

1127. Syed Abdullah Al-Shatiri v Shariffa Salmah. (1959). Malayan Law Journal, 1, 137. 

Call No.: RCLOS 340.05 MLJ 

13.3 Property & estate 

This was an appeal from the order of the Shariah Court declaring a marriage solemnised 

by the appellant between his daughter, the respondent and one Syed Idros to be void. 

The application to the Shariah Court was made by the father, the appellant, who gave 

evidence of the marriage which he solemnised as wali mujbir for his daughter and asked 

the Shariah Court to make an order that his daughter should accept the marriage as valid 

and go to live with her husband. 

1128. $1,000,000 property at stake. (1930, September 9). The Straits Times, p. 18. 

� �� 


The case concerning a late 19 th century waqf made between Tan Yeok Nee and Syed 

Harun bin Ahmad Al-Attas, but disputed by Koh Cheng Seah. Details of the case include 

the validity of a waqf and the likelihood of a Chinese ever conferring property to a Malay 

in perpetuity. 

241

13 Law 

1129. “Advocate”. (1957, January 30). Freedom of choice and the Muslim law. The Straits Times, 

p. 8. 

� �� 


Letterwriter “Advocate” counters S. I. O. Alsagoff’s earlier explanation on the inheritance 

law and gives reasons on how the proposed Bill can inhibit the religious rights of Muslims 

on estate ownership. 

1130. Ahmad Ibrahim. (1964, January). The legal position of the Muslims in Singapore III. World 



Under the terms of the Charters, Muslim law relating to property and its distribution upon 

death was not applicable to Muslims. Discusses the problems that the community face 

because of the lack of recognition of the Shariah law under the Charters. 

1131. Alkaff estate. (1922, July 20). The Straits Times, p. 11. 

� �� 


There is a full-text transcript of the judgement on the late Syed Shaik Alkaff’s will. Issues 

�� 

the sale of the late Alkaff’s remaining estate. 

1132. Alkaff settlement case. (1939, April 1). The Straits Times, p. 13. 

� �� 


Details of a dispute over how payments were to be made for improvements of 

a settlement owned by the Alkaffs and originally indentured by Syed Shaikh bin 

Abdulrahman Alkaff. 

1133. Alsagoff and Co. (1916, October 6). The Straits Times, p. 9. 

� �� 


This is a judgement on the dispute over the estate of Syed Mohamed bin Ahmed Alsagoff. 

�� The 

Straits 

Times, p. 10. 

� �� 


242 

Che Shariffa Huziemah, daughter of Syed Abdulrahman Taha Alsagoff, is instructed at the 

start of proceedings against the Alsagoff estate trustees for the loss of over $100,000.

1135. The Alsagoff estate. (1916, October 3). The Straits Times, p. 6. 

� �� 


The legal dispute over the estate of Syed Mohamed bin Ahmed Alsagoff between Syed 

Hassan bin Mohamed Alsagoff and Syed Omar bin Mohamed Alsagoff, Syed Mohamed 

bin Agil bin yahya and Syed Ali bin Mohamed Alsagoff. 

1136. The Alsagoff estate. (1917, June 6). The Straits Times, p. 11. 

� �� 


Presents Syed Hassan bin Mohamed Alsagoff’s appeal to manage the estate of his 

grandfather, Syed Mohamed bin Ahmed Alsagoff and the issues surrounding this case, 

including the names of others seeking to be trustees of the estate. 

1137. The Alsagoff estate. (1917, June 19). The Straits Times, p. 7. 

� �� 


Syed Omar bin Mahomed Alsagoff and Syed Ali bin Mahomed Alsagoff have been 

stripped of their position as trustees for the estate of the late Syed Mohamed bin Ahmed 

Alsagoff and Syed Hassan bin Mohamed Alsagoff has appealed to be made a trustee in 

place of the late Syed Mahomed bin Ahmed Alsagoff. 

1138. Alsagoff estate action: Disputed codicil. (1928, December 4). The Straits Times, p. 10. 

� �� 


Details of the claims for Syed Mohamed bin Ahmad Alsagoff’s estate which is focused on 

a purported codicil of his will found in 1927. 

1139. Alsagoff estate: Appeal Court judgment disputed. (1929, August 20). The Straits Times, p. 11. 

� �� 


A claim by Syed Mohamed Yasim (Wan Puteh) and Sheriffa Royaza binte Syed Mohamed 

Alsagoff to the estate of the late Syed Mohamed Alsagoff, dismissed eight years ago 

in 1922, has been brought before the Chief Justice. A background and summary to the 

appeal is published. 

1140. The Alsagoff estate case settled out of court. (1977, March 26). The Straits Times, p. 9. 

� �� 


The conclusion to the case in which trustees of the Alsagoff Estate are claiming for added 

returns to the sale of the land to the government. Details of the case and the various legal 

decisions made are elaborated further in the article. 

243

13 Law 

1141. Alsagoff estate claim: Hearing re-opened. (1929, August 20). The Straits Times, p. 12. 

� �� 


Syed Mohamed Yasim (Wan Puteh) brings new evidence to his claims of legitimacy to the 

Alsagoff Estate, namely a letter revoking his mother’s divorce from his father. Extracts of 

the transcript to the court case is given. 

1142. Alsagoff Estate: Minister meets the trustees. (1965, April 15). The Straits Times, p. 13. 

� �� 


The Central Government states their desire to purchase the land in Geylang and the 

family’s original plan for the land are given. 

1143. Alsagoff Estate monies. (1934, June 14). The Straits Times, p. 12. 

� �� 


�� 

realised through the sale of the estate. 

1144. Alsagoff Estet na’ di-jual? Pendudok2 gelisah. (1964, Jun 12). Berita Harian, p. 2. 

� �� 

Penduduk-penduduk meluahkan rasa risau mereka sekiranya estet Alsagoff dijual kepada 

seorang saudagar Cina. 

1145. Alsagoff land worth $14.9m at time of takeover: Witness. (1977, March 23). The Straits Times, 

p. 11. 

� �� 


John Carter’s valuation of the Alsagoff estate in Paya Lebar is given in the appeal by 

members of the Alsagoff family for compensation on the sale of land to the government 

in 1971. 

1146. Alsagoff legitimacy case. (1922, October 30). The Straits Times, p. 9. 

� �� 


Syed Mohammed Yassin (alias Wan puteh) and Inche Rogayah claims for legitimacy to 

the estate of Syed Mohammed Alsagoff are discussed. 

1147. Alsagoff litigation: Disapproval of Registrar’s selection of trustees. (1917, November 19). 


� �� 


244 

Judgement over a dispute over the estate of Syed Ahmed bin Abdulrahman Alsagoff.

1148. Alsagoff litigation: Municipal expert supports forgery defence. (1928, December 13). The Straits 

Times, p. 9. 

� �� 


The document Syed Mohamed bin Ahmad Alsagoff provides as evidence in his claims for 

the Alsagoff estate is proved to be a forgery. 

1149. Alsagoff, Syed Ibrahim Omar. (1950, August 12). Mr. Alsagoff backs up the sub-tenants. 


� �� 


Responding to the editorial dated 4 August entitled “Exploiting the landlord”, Alsagoff 

�� 

suggests that a survey of households be conducted. 

1150. Alsagoff trustee wrangle. (1964, June 18). The Straits Times, p. 11. 

� �� 


Khadiga Abdulah Alsagoff and Dato Syed Ahmad bin Mohamed Alsagoff, trustees to 

Alsagoff land at Geylang Serai, indicate a desire to sell off the land. The article presents 

past attempts in selling the land to government agencies and the problems faced. 

1151. Alsagoff trustees seek extra $26 million. (1977, March 19). The Straits Times, p. 9. 

� �� 


Syed Ahmad bin Alwi Aljunied and Syed Mohamed bin Ali Alsagoff appeal for $26.6 

million more from government agencies for the Alsagoff Estate sold in 1971. 

1152. An anxious Easter for people told to quit. (1952, April 14). The Straits Times, p. 7. 

� �� 


S. I. O. Alsagoff sells off several houses at Chancery Lane and leaves tenants anxious as 

only short notice has been given them. 

1153. Appeal case concerning big Singapore estate. (1939, March 31). The Straits Times, p. 16. 

� �� 


These are details of an appeal concerning payment for construction on a settlement 

�� 

of “construction”. 

245

13 Law 

1154. Appeal court: Question of the Alkaff estate. (1922, November 8). The Straits Times, p. 9. 

� �� 


Provides details of an appeal against the judgment over the disbursement of Syed Shaik 

bin Abdulrahman Alkaff’s estate. 

1155. Appeal court ruling in settlement case. (1939, April 30). The Straits Times, p. 6. 

� �� 


The appeal against the judgment by Justice Pedlow on a settlement indentured by the 

late Syed Shaikh bin Abdulrahman Alkaff is dismissed. 

1156. [Appointment to administer the estate of the late Alie bin Mohamed Assapic]. (1907, 

September 9). The Straits Times, p. 6. 

� �� 


With the death of Syed Abdul Kader bin Abdul Rahman Alsagoff, Syed Omar bin 

Mohamed Alsagoff was appointed to administer the estate of the late Alie bin 

Mohamed Assapic. 

1157. Arab document in tin box: Alsagoff estate case. (1929, August 21). The Straits Times, p.12. 

� �� 


Syed Mohamed Yasim (Wan Puteh)’s claims to the Alsagoff Estate are dismissed 

because of the mother’s divorce. 

1158. Big estate appeal: A reversal of Justice Sproule’s judgment. (1923, March 2). The Straits Times, 

p. 9. 

� �� 


The judgment over the disbursement of Syed Shaik bin Abdulrahman Alkaff’s estate is 

reviewed by Justices M. Whitley, Barrett-Lennard and Brown, and is overruled with details 

of each of the Justices’ considerations given. 

1159. Big property sale. (1928, August 2). The Straits Times, p. 10. 

� �� 


246 

A listing of properties sold mainly in the town area such as Cecil Street primarily to Arabs, 

both Alkaffs and Alsagoffs. Details of properties include address, type of property whether 

land or house, size of property, price sold and name purchaser.

1160. Court of Appeal: The Alkaff will case still continues. (1922, November 10). The Straits Times, 

p. 10. 

� �� 


Continues further details of the appeal against how the late Syed Shaik bin Abdulrahman 

Alkaff’s estate was being disbursed. 

1161. Court of Appeal: The Alkaff will dispute still proceeding. (1922, November 9). The Straits Times, 

p. 10. 

� �� 


Continues details of the appeal against how the late Syed Shaik bin Abdulrahman Alkaff’s 

estate was being disbursed. It focuses especially on the issue of a large portion of money 

going to charities in Arabia. 

1162. Court was reserved for him. (1953, October 28). The Straits Times, p. 5. 

� �� 


This gives details of S. A. T. Alsagoff’s case. He is convicted of not carrying out works on 

houses he owned within the month. 

1163. [Dispute over the sale of a property at High Street]. (1922, September 7). The Straits Times, p. 8. 

� �� 


This is a brief outline of a dispute over the sale of a property at High Street that had 

belonged to Syed Omar bin Ali Al Junied. 

1164. Estate claim. (1923, April 25). The Straits Times, p. 10. 

� �� 


This is the case between the children of Fatima binte Al Junied and Syed Abdulrahman 

bin Ali Al Junied concerning the estate of the late Syed Omar bin Ali Al Junied. 

1165. Evidence in Alsagoff estate case. (1928, December 5). The Straits Times, p. 12. 

� �� 


The case concerns the claims by the purportedly illegitimate son of Syed Mohamed bin 

Ahmad Alsagoff. The article focuses mainly on details of a document which provides 

evidence for the claims. The article also gives a background to Alsagoff and his family. 

1166. Exploiting the landlord. (1950, August 4). The Straits Times, p. 6. 

� �� 


This contains extracts of S. I. O. Alsagoff’s speech, which showed how landlords are 

historically receiving lower rents than before. 

247

13 Law 

1167. Governor named in suit. (1957, September 20). The Straits Times, p. 7. 

� �� 


Ali Alsagoff is sued for possession of a house in Orchard Road which is holding up works 

on a multi-storeyed building. 

1168. Govt to buy all Alsagoff estate land in Geylang. (1971, September 20). The Straits Times, p. 30. 

� �� 


This is an announcement by Haji Ya’acob, MP for Kampong Ubi, of the government’s 

intention to purchase Alsagoff land in Geylang Serai, Kampong Ubi and Kembangan. 

1169. Harta Alsagoff: Pertelingkahan selesai. (1984, Ogos 21). Berita Harian, p. 1. 

� �� 

Pertelingkahan antara waris dengan pengamanah estet Alsagoff yang berlarutan selama 

tujuh tahun telah diselesaikan di Mahkamah Tinggi. Salah seorang waris estet itu, Cik 

Sharrifa Huziemah Alsagoff telah mendapatkan semula wang sebanyak $188,214 dan 

kini hanya menuntut bayaran faedah, belanja dan kerosakan daripada pihak yang 

didakwa. 

1170. He wants houses closed. (1953, November 22). The Straits Times, p. 11. 

� �� 


These are details and conclusion of the case against S. A. T. Alsagoff charged with failing 

to comply with orders concerning repairs to his houses at Kampong Bukit Tunggal. 

1171. An important land sale. (1907, May 7). The Straits Times, p. 8. 

� �� 


The sale of key properties in town under the hammer of H. L. Coghlan and Co. sees a 

number of properties going to Arab families. Names and prices are listed. 

1172. A land case. (1913, October 8). The Straits Times, p. 9. 

� �� 


This is a judgment on the civil case between trustees of the Alsagoff estate and those of 

the late Yeo Chin Cheang concerning a dispute over land possession. 

1173. Landlord may have to vacate Siglap house. (1941, May 7). The Straits Times, p. 12. 

� �� 


248 

M. Alsagoff was given 48 hours notice to vacate his Siglap home. In turn, Alsagoff applied 

to evict his tenant, P. Tapperwyn, so he could occupy his home.

1174. The late Syed Alsagoff: Administration of the estate of the deceased. (1908, September 29). 


� �� 


The legal details of Syed Abdulcader bin Abdulraman Alsagoff’s estate is examined in 

view of the claims of Sheriffa Zeina binte Alwee Al Junied as widow to the late Syed. 

1175. Municipality liable for damages. (1932, June 13). The Straits Times, p. 12. 

� �� 


Shaik Sahib bin Omar bin Abdullah bin Omar Makarim sues the Singapore Municipal 

Commissioners for damages to his land at Telok Kurau Road off Changi Road but is 

compensated with slightly more than $2,000. 


� �� 


�� 

buildings along Change Alley and ten houses along Alkaff Avenue. 

1177. More time needed: Magistrate. (1953, September 23). The Straits Times, p. 5. 

� �� 


The case of S. A. T. Alsagoff, who is alleged of not carrying out works on houses within 

the month. 

1178. Notes of the day: The Alsagoff case. (1929, January 7). The Straits Times, p. 8. 

� �� 


A summary of the claims on Syed Mohamed bin Ahmad Alsagoff’s estate based on the 

validity of a purported codicil of his will. 

1179. Pendudok2 Alsagoff Estate hendak bentok j-kuasa bertindak. (1965, Mac 26). Berita Harian, p. 

3. 

� �� 

Penduduk yang terlibat dalam projek Alsagoff Estate di Geylang akan menubuhkan 

sebuah jawatankuasa sebagai badan perantaraan supaya lebih senang mengadakan 

mesyuarat dengan pihak pengurusan (trustee). 

1180. Property auction: The sale of Abdullah Alkaff’s estate. (1923, April 11). The Straits Times, p. 12. 

� �� 


A listing of properties previously owned by the late Syed Abdulrahman bin Abdullah Alkaff. 

Details include plot size, address, selling price, whether land or house and 

purchaser’s name. 

249

13 Law 

1181. Property sale: Estate of Shaik Aboobakar Lajam deceased. (1923, March 26). The Straits Times, 

p. 2. 

� �� 


A listing of properties previously owned by the late Shaik Aboobakar Lajam and sold at 

auction. Details include plot size, address, selling price and purchaser’s name. 

1182. Property sale: Syed Abdulrahman Alkaff’s estate. (1923, November 16). The Straits Times, p. 2. 

� �� 


A listing of properties previously owned by the late Syed Shaik (Sheik) bin Abdulrahman 

Alkaff. Details include plot size, address, selling price and purchaser’s name. 

1183. Pulau Bulang. (1934, January 17). The Straits Times, p. 12. 

� �� 


Makes a correction in an earlier article, noting that the Pulau Bulang estate was 

purchased by Syed Ibrahim bin Omar Alsagoff in 1931. 

1184. Singapore estate of wealthy Muslim: Alkaff settlement case goes to Appeal Court. (1939, 

March 30). The Straits Times, p. 14. 

� �� 


The trustees of a settlement indentured by Syed Shaikh bin Abdulrahman Alkaff appeal 

against a recent judgment concerning payment for construction on the settlement. 

1185. Talib, Khaled. (1998). Land acquisition bungled Arab lifestyle. �� 



Talib takes on the voice of his great-grand father Sallim Talib in countering Bafana’s 

earlier article in Vol. 2, No.1, showing that their Arab predecessors had a strong 

entrepreneurial spirit. He traces how Sallim Talib gained wealth and also how the family 

lost it through land aquisition imposed by the Singapore government. 

1186. Trustee denies he tried to save his own skin. (1980, August 27). The Straits Times, p. 12. 

� �� 


250 

Syed Shaikh bin Abdulrahman Alsagoff denies his summons application. This was taken 

as an act to absolve himself in a case where fellow trustees, Syed Omar and Cik Sharifah 

Kadijah are accused of misappropriating funds from their late father’s estate.

1187. Trustee’s plea for relief: Distribution of the Alsagoff Trust Funds. (1934, December 7). The Straits 

Times, p. 17. 

� �� 


A court case within the Alsagoff family concerning the sale and disbursement of the 

properties of the late Syed Omar Alsagoff. The details present both the plaintiffs’ and 

defendants’ perspectives in detail. 

1188. Warith2 Alsagoff estet mempunyai renchana pembangunan sendiri. (1964, Jun 17). 


�� 

Tuan Syed Omar Alsagoff, salah seorang penasihat bagi pewaris-pewaris estet Alsagoff 

menerangkan rancangan mereka untuk menubuhkan sebuah syarikat di kawasan itu. 

1189. Wealthy Muslim’s estate in Singapore. (1939, February 24). The Straits Times, p. 14. 

� �� 


13.4 Wills & inheritance 

Judgment by Justice Pedlow on a maintenance cost issues of a settlement indentured by 

the late Syed Shaikh bin Abdulrahman Alkaff. The case presents legal conditions of the 

Justice’s decision and details of the extended Alkaff family. 

1190. Ahmad Ibrahim. (1964, February). The legal position of the Muslims in Singapore IV. World 



This is a proposal to provide for the application of Muslim law in the interpretation and 

administration of Muslim wills and trusts at a time when the context of English law is 

still applicable. 

1191. Alsagoff case adjourned. (1928, December 15). The Straits Times, p. 12. 

� �� 


This gives details of the cross-examination of C. C. B. Gilmour, the Municipal 

bacteriologist over a supposed codicil of Syed Mohamed bin Ahmad Alsagoff’s will. 

1192. Alsagoff judgment. (1929, January 5). The Straits Times, p. 11. 

� �� 


The concluding judgments over the claims for Syed Mohamed bin Ahmad Alsagoff’s 

estate based on the validity of a purported codicil of his will. 

251

13 Law 

1193. Alsagoff, Syed Ibrahim Omar. (1957, January 29). Inheritance law and Muslim business. 


� �� 


�� 

misunderstanding of this law. He expounds on the law, its history and application. 

1194. Alsagoff, Syed Ibrahim Omar. (1957, February 7). Inheritance bill has support of Muslims. 


� �� 


Alsagoff responds to “Advocate’s” position against the Bill concerning the law of 

inheritance and argues that the Muslim law in this matter is just and would not be 

jeapordised under civil law. He also gives details on how the Muslim law applies to a 

Muslim who dies interstate, and its acceptance by those of other religions. 

1195. Alsagoff, Syed Ibrahim Omar. (1957, February 14). General will of Muslims. The Straits Times, 

p. 6. 

� �� 


Responding to “Advocate’s” letter of February 9, Alsagoff continues the discussion 

on Muslim inheritance law and recent government actions, comparing this with the 

government’s anti-bigamy legislation. 

1196. The Alsagoff tangle. (1918, May 3). The Straits Times, p. 10. 

� �� 


A summary of judgement on the action brought by parties concerning the will of Syed 

Ahmed bin Abdul Rahman Alsagoff. 

1197. Arab will contested. (1949, August 17). The Straits Times, p. 7. 

� �� 


Summary highlights of the contest over Shaik Omar bin Abdullah Bamadhaj’s will. 

1198. A big estate: Charitable trust and diversion to Singapore. (1922, July 17). The Straits Times, 

p. 10. 

� �� 


252 

An overview of the case of the late Syed Shaik Alkaff’s will and the validity of disbursing 

certain trusts to charities in Arabia.

1199. Death dues. (1927, November 17). The Straits Times, p. 11. 

� �� 


The dues payable according to the will of Syed Ahmed bin Abdulrahman Alsagoff requires 

access to the estate so the matter is brought to court. 

1200. Disputed Arab letter: Argument in Alsagoff litigation. (1929, October 25). The Straits Times, p. 12. 

� �� 


Wan Puteh (Syed Mohamed Yasim) seeks to turn a decision in 1921 in which he 

dismisses his claims to the estate of his father, Syed Mohamed Alsagoff based on the 

evidence of a letter revoking the divorce of his mother’s. 

1201. Forgery defence in Alsagoff case. (1928, December 14). The Straits Times, p. 10. 

� �� 


A codicil of Syed Mohamed bin Ahmad Alsagoff’s will is proved a forgery when examined 

under microscopic lenses. 

1202. Gallop, Annabel Teh. (2006). Malay documents in the Melaka records in the British Library. 

�� 

(2), 54-77. 


The author discusses the value of Malay records on Dutch Melaka held at the British 

Library. The 150 documents in Malay in Jawi script dating from 1769 to 1829, consists 

�� 

letters, estate papers including wills, and other inheritance papers, offer insights into the 

everyday life of the Malay Archipelago in the 18th and 19th century. The existence of wills 

by persons of Hadhrami Arab descent may be of interest to researchers working on the 

Arab community in Southeast Asia. 

1203. “A Muslim”. (1957, February 9). If Muslims are unanimous then why compel?, The Straits 

Times, p. 12. 

� �� 


“Advocate” continues his argument against the civil law concerning inheritance rights, 

countering S. I. O. Alsagoff’s points in previous letters. 

1204. “Secrets” in tin boxes: How alleged Alsagoff codicil was found. (1928, December 29). The Straits 

Times, p. 9. 

� �� 


Details of how the codicil of Syed Mohamed bin Ahmad Alsagoff’s will was found are 

given on the fourth day of the case over the estate of Alsagoff. 

253

13 Law 

1205. Two wills: Judgement given in complicated case. (1926, September 29). The Straits Times, p. 9. 

� �� 


Shaik Abdullah bin Ahmad bin Ally bin Altway Baslamah left two wills, one in English and 

another in Arabic. The article summarises the judge’s decision in determining which will 

takes precedence. 

1206. Will to be photographed. (1908, February 10). The Straits Times, p. 7. 

� �� 


254 

The will of Hussein bin Alwee bin Hassan Alsagoff will be photographed for court reasons.

14 Arabic Legal Documents from 

The Koh Seow Chuan Collection 

By Bouchaib Silm, Independent Researcher, National Library Singapore 

I Introduction 

The Koh Seow Chuan Collection at the National Library Singapore forms a valuable source of sociohistorical 

research on Singapore. Mr Koh, a renowned architect in Singapore, spent 40 years of his 

�� 

posterity. Among the items donated by him are legal documents on well-known trading companies and 

real-estate properties, early pioneers and their family fortunes, as well as social history of the different 

ethnic communities in Singapore. 

�� 

2,500 items in the collection. They were written in Hadhramaut in Yemen between the period of 1884 

and 1924. Interestingly, all the documents were issued in the cities of Tarim, Shibam, Mukalla and 

Seiyun in Hadhramaut. This suggests strongly that the Arabs in Singapore were Yemeni Hadhramis. 

The power of attorneys did not carry similar stamps validating the documents. This suggests that each 

�� 

show different stamps carried in the documents according to the cities. The documents, in Arabic 

language, offer information on Arab properties in Singapore in the nineteenth and twentieth century. 

Stamp (on the left) of on a power of attorney issued in the city of Tarim. 

Stamp (on the right) of on a power of attorney issued in the city of Seiyun. 

In order to be valid, the documents, which are written in Arabic, are translated into Malay and English in 

Singapore before being deposited with the Registry of Supreme Court. The documents carried stamps 

issued in Singapore. 

255


The families cited in the attorney were mainly those who settled in Singapore and are presently still 

leading the Arab Hadhrami community in Singapore, namely the Aljunied, Alsaggof, Alkaff and Alatas. 

Other family names include Alshatiri, Bagharib, Baoubaid, Alhabshi, Bin Talib, Alhaddad, Alaydarous, 

Bin Semait and Althawi. 

A Types of power of attorney 

The documents drafted could be divided into two categories: 

i) Inheritance 

�� 

the deceased, according to the documents, had properties including houses, shops or businesses 

in Singapore and in some cases, Java and Surabaya in Indonesia, and Johor in Malaysia. These 

�� 

Yemen and needed someone to settle their affairs in Singapore such as selling of properties, settling of 

legal issues in courts, payment and collecting any debt related to the business of their late (deceased) 

�� 

ii) Management of business 

In this case the person or persons living in Yemen authorised the recipient to manage the properties, 

businesses and any issues on their behalf and in the absence of the owner/s freely. 

In both cases, the rights attributed to the named recipients are: 

To sell and to buy properties in Singapore (in some cases, also in Java and Johor), 

To collect the rental for the properties, which are mostly shops, 

To carry out any required renovation for the properties, 

To represent the owner in court in the event of a dispute, 

To sue any person harming the interests of the owner, 

To settle any debts or loans on behalf of the owner, 

To pay taxes on behalf of the owner, 

To sell and convert all or any part of properties into money and transfer all or any part of properties, 

To obtain forms and documents from the authorities for execution of duties. 

B The process 

i) In Yemen 

The power of attorney is in accordance with Islamic teachings and practices. Islamic principles 

recommend the drafting of a document upon concluding a business deal. Drafting such a document 

requires the support of legislation to validate such an agreement. The agreement must be signed and 

sealed in the presence of a judge representing the court. The document would carry the stamp of the 

judge and his name. In many cases, the witnesses’ names appeared in the document. The names were 

either the names of a man and two women, or two men. But in some cases the number of witnesses 

could be more. This difference could be due to variations in the traditional practice of drafting the power 

256

of attorney document. Once the document had been translated into Malay and English, it would carry 

�� 

Registry of Supreme Court in Singapore. 

Copy of a power of attorney issued in the city of Tarim in 1920. 

�� 

person(s) drafting the document, besides the judge, no identity number from an identity card or passport 

�� 

At that time, the introduction of the identity card (IC) and passport were not introduced as individuals’ 

�� 

The family names of the persons involved in the documents were the most important form of 

�� 

transactions between persons; and even between people and the administration in all or any part of 

properties during the period of 1884 and 1924. 

The manner these power of attorneys were drafted changed over time. Generally documents written 

before 1920 were written by hand, while those drafted after this period were typewritten. The following 

�� 

were handwritten, the rest of the document was typewritten. 

257


The document shows the names written by hand while the rest of the text is typed in the city of Tarim (1919). 

ii) In Singapore 

In order for the recipient to carry out his/her duties stated in the power of attorney, the document has 

to be submitted to the Registry of the Supreme Court in Singapore. As the documents were written in 

Arabic in Yemen, they had to be translated into Malay and English before submitting to the court. In 

some cases, especially if a translator had a good command of Malay and English, he would make both 

the Malay and English translations and then make a declaration before submitting the documents. The 

documents submitted to the Registry of Supreme Court would include: 

Original power of attorney in Arabic 

Power of attorney translated into Malay 

Power of attorney translated into English 

Oath made by the translator 

258

Conclusion 

A solemn declaration made by a translator to be submitted with translated documents to the Court. 

This collection of legal documents offers a valuable research opportunity. Examination of the documents 

will provide a clearer picture of Arab activities in Singapore in the last century. Researchers can also 

gain insights into legal issues that arose out of Arabs’ transactions and management of property. The 

collection also bears insights to the social practices of the Arab community residing in Singapore and 

�� 

documentation of Singapore history. 

259


II List of documents 

�� 

�� 

. (1919). Unpublished manuscript, Mecca. 

Text in Arabic. 

�� 

. (1899). Unpublished manuscript, Bombay. Text in 

English. 

�� 

. (1856). Unpublished manuscript, Tarim. Text in 

Arabic. 

�� 

. (1895). Unpublished manuscript, 

[S.I.]. Text in English. 

�� 

. (1899). Unpublished manuscript, Bombay. Text in English. 

�� 

. (1866). 

Unpublished manuscript, Singapore. Text in English. 

Deed poll or power of attorney on behalf of Syed Abdulrahman bin Ali bin Omar bin Ali Al-Junied. 

(1919). Unpublished manuscript, Singapore. Text in English. 

�� 

. (1870). Unpublished manuscript, Singapore. Malay text in Jawi script. 

�� 


[S.I.]. Text in English. 

�� 

. (n.d.). Unpublished manuscript, 

[S.I.]. Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 0400000170 

Petition on behalf of Syed Aboobakar bin Mohamed Alhmashore. (n.d.). Unpublished manuscript, [S.I.]. 

Text in English. 

�� 

. (1821). 

Unpublished manuscript, Shibam. Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi 

script. DOI: 0400000100 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Omar bin Sallim Al-Sree. (1873). Unpublished manuscript, 

Singapore. Text in English. 

�� 

. (1884). Unpublished 

manuscript, Singapore. Text in English. 

�� 

�� 


manuscript, Tarim. Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 

0400000111 

260

Power of attorney on behalf of Sherifa Aisha binte Abdullah bin Omar Al-Junied. (1890). Unpublished 

document, Singapore. Text in English. 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Abdulrahman bin Ahmad Al-Junied. (1890). Unpublished 


Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Hood bin Ahamat Al-Sagoff. (1890). Unpublished manuscript, 


Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Mohamed bin Abdulrahman Al-Junied. (1890). Unpublished 

document, Singapore. Text in English. 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Abdul Rahman bin Ally bin Omar Al-Junied. (1891). Unpublished 


�� 



Power of attorney on behalf of Sheriffa Omar Syed binte Syed Hassan bin Abdullah Al-Munawar Al- 

Sagoff. (1892). Unpublished manuscript, Singapore. Text in English. 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Mohamed bin Shaikh Al-Sagoff. (1892). Unpublished manuscript, 


Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Awal bin Omar Al-Shatry. (1896). Unpublished manuscript, [S.I.]. 

Text in English. 

Power of attorney on behalf of Fatoom binte Mohamed bin Saiyid bin Ameer bin Saiyid Amari bin Talib. 

(1898). Unpublished manuscript, Kampong Hotah. Text in Malay with English translations. Malay text in 

Jawi script. 

Power of attorney on behalf of salimin bin Basalamah Amri bin Muhammad bin Talib. (1898). 

Unpublished manuscript, [S.I.]. Text in Arabic with Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Abdulrahman bin Mustafa Alidrus. (1899). Unpublished manuscript, 

Saiwoon (Seiyun). Text in Arabic with Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. 

�� 



Power of attorney on behalf of Sheriffa Zainab binte Ally bin Aboo Bakar Al-Kaff. (1900). Unpublished 


Power of attorney on behalf of Sultan Mohamed Jamal Kiram. (1900). Unpublished manuscript, 


261


Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Mohamed bin Ahmed Alsagoff. (1900). Unpublished manuscript, 


�� 



Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Mohamed bin Ahmed Al-Sagoff. (1902). Unpublished manuscript, 


�� 

�� 

. (1903). Unpublished manuscript, Tarim. 

Text in Arabic with English translations. DOI: 0400000158 

Power of attormey on behalf of Syed Sagoff bin Mohamed bin Abdul Rahman Al-Sagoff. (1904). 


�� 



Power of attorney on behalf of Abdulla bin Almarhom Mohamed bin Ali bin ahmad bin Abod Altui 

Baslamah and Fatimah binte Almarhom Mohamed bin Ali bin Ahmad bin Abod Altui Baslamah. (1905). 

Unpublished manuscript, Tarim. Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi 

script. DOI: 0400000177 

Power of attorney on behalf of Ahamed bin Salleh bin Omar Alhabshi. (1905). Unpublished manuscript, 

Sion (Seiyun). Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 

0400000113 

Power of attorney on behalf of Aminah binte Mohamed bin Ali Altwi Ba Slama. (1905). Unpublished 


0400000175 

Power of attorney on behalf of Halimah. (1905). Unpublished manuscript, Tarim. Text in Arabic with 

English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 0400000178 

Power of attorney on behalf of Moonah. ( 1905). Unpublished manuscript, Kholok Rashid. Text in Arabic 

with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 0400000155 

Power of attorney on behalf of Shariffa Shaikar binte Alwee bin Abdulla bin Alwee Alhadad. (1905). 


script. DOI: 0400000171 

Power of attorney on behalf of Shariffa Zahra binte Ahamed Al-Junied bin Ahamed Al-Junied. (1905). 

Unpublished manuscript, Tarim. Text in Malay with English translations. Malay text in Jawi script. 

Power of attorney on behalf of Slamah binte Abdulla Albali. (1905). Unpublished manuscript, Tarim. Text 

in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 0400000174 

262

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Alhussain bin Omar bin Sallim Buftim. (1905). Unpublished 


0400000235 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Omar bin Ahmad bin Omar bin Ahmad Alhabshi. (1905). 

Unpublished manuscript, Sion (Seiyun). Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in 

Jawi script. DOI: 0400000156 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Shaik bin Awath bin Omar Alshatree. (1905). Unpublished 


0400000176 

Power of attorney on behalf of Zamzam binte Mohamed bin Ali bin Ahmad bin Abod Altui Al-Tuway 

�� 

. (1905). Unpublished manuscript, Sion (Seiyun). Text in Arabic with English and Malay 

translations. Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 0400000153 

Power of attorney on behalf of Shaikh Ali bin Ahamad Al-Tway. (1906). Unpublished manuscript, 


Power of attorney on behalf of Sheriffa Alooyeah binte Ali bin Abdulrahman bin Abi Bakar Almashor. 

(1906). Unpublished manuscript, Tarim. Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in 


Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Ahamad bin Hassan bin Ahamad Aideed. (1906). Unpublished 


0400000173 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Husain bin Abdullah bin Abdul Rahman Alkaf and Syed Husain bin 

Shaik bin Abdul Rahman Alkaf. (1906). Unpublished manuscript, Tarim. Text in Arabic with English and 

Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 0400000263 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Zain bin Awath bin Omar Alshatri. (1907). Unpublished manuscript, 

Tarim. Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 0400000246 

Power of attorney on behalf of Noor binte shaik Omar bin Salim bin Hamzah. (1908). Unpublished 


0400000260 

Power of attorney on behalf of Sherifah Fatimah binte Omar bin Ahmad bin Omar Al-Shattri. (1908). 


script. DOI: 040000073 

Power of attorney on behalf of Sheriffa Masbah, Sheriffa Fatimah and Sheriffa Noor, daughthers of 

Syed Taha bin Alwee Alsagoff. (1908). Unpublished manuscript, Tarim. Text in Arabic with English and 


263


Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Omar bin Ahmad bin Omar Al-Shattri in his capacity as the attorney 

of his daughter, Sherifah Fatimah binte Omar bin Ahmad bin Omar Al-Shattri. (1908). Unpublished 


040000069 

Power of attorney on behalf of Fatimah binte Said bin Abood bin Sallim Bahiyan. (1909). Unpublished 

manuscript, Sayoon (Seiyun). Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi 

script. DOI: 0400000180 

Power of attorney on behalf of Saad bin Awath bin Obeid bin Mazroo, Sallim bin Awath bin Obeid 

�� 

Syedah binte Awath bin Obeid bin Mazroo. (1909). Unpublished manuscript, Tarbah. Text in Arabic with 


Power of attorney on behalf of Salaah bin Nasin Ahmad Said Alhadrami. (1909). Unpublished 


script. DOI: 0400000179 

Power of attorney on behalf of Sherifah Rignan binte Awad bin Omar Al-Shatri. (1909). Unpublished 


040000072 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Omar Al-Sagoff. (1909). Unpublished manuscript, Singapore. Text 

in English. 

Power of attorney on behalf of Fatimah binte Mohamed bin Ali Altwi Ba Salamah. (1910). Unpublished 

manuscript, Shibam. Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 

040000083 

Power of attorney on behalf of Halimah binte Hamdah BaKroon and Fatimah binte Sallim bin Obaid bin 

Mazroo. (1910).Unpublished manuscript, Tarbah. Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. 

Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 0400000161 

Power of attorney on behalf of Sayed Alwee bin Abdul Rahman bin Ahmed Al Junaid, husband 

and trustee of the late Sheriffa Fatma binte Abdul Kader bin Abdul Rahman Al Aydarous. (1910). 


script. DOI: 040000070 

Power of attorney on behalf of Shaik Said bin Ahmed bin Ali Hikmah. (1910). Unpublished manuscript, 


Power of attorney on behalf of Shaik Sallim bin Ambarak Ba Yamen. (1910). Unpublished manuscript, 

Saiou (Seiyun). Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 

0400000108 

�� 


Siou (Seiyun). Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 

0400000154 

264

�� 


manuscript, Singapore. Text in English. RDKSCAME20000038 

Power of attorney on behalf of Sherifah Zahara binte Ahmed bin Ahmed Al Junid. (1911). Unpublished 


0400000165 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Abdulla bin Hussain bin Abdulla bin Abdulrahman AlKaff. (1911). 


script. DOI: 0400000162 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Hassan bin Abdulla bin Abdulrahman Alkaff. (1911). Unpublished 

manuscript, Tarim. Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script.DOI: 

0400000226 

Power of attorney on behalf of Al-Sharifah Fatmah binte Mohamed bin Alwi Alkaff. (1913). Unpublished 


0400000211 

Power of attorney on behalf of Al-Syed Tahir bin Omar bin Salim BuFathim. (1913). Unpublished 

manuscript , Tarim. Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 

0400000164 

Power of attorney on behalf of Salma binte Mohamed Al Akbar bin Ali bin Ahmad Al-T wi Ba Salamal. 

(1913). Unpublished manuscript, Shibam. Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text 

in Jawi script.DOI: 0400000166 

�� 



0400000167 

�� 

. Unpublished 


script. DOI: 0400000168 

Power of attorney on behalf of Al Syed Indrus bin Abdul Kader bin salim Al Indrus. (1914). Unpublished 


0400000212 

Power of attorney on behalf of Selaim binte Awath bin Ambarak Bamahfooth. (1914). Unpublished 


script. DOI: 0400000110 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Abdul Rahman bin Shaik Alkaff. (1914). Unpublished manuscript, 


265


Power of attorney on behalf of Alsyed Omar bin Shaikh bin Abdulrahman Alkaff. (1915). Unpublished 


0400000106 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Alwi bin Abdullah bin Alwi bin Mashhor Alhabshi and Syed Omar 

bin Mohthar Alhabshi, the executors of Sherifah Rogayah binte Syed Jaafar bin Hassan Alsagoff. 

(1915). Unpublished manuscript, Sayum (Seiyun). Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. 


Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Zain bin Awath Alshatri. (1915). Unpublished manuscript, Tarim. 

Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 0400000163 

Power of attorney on behalf of Abdullah bin Mohamed Alasghar bin Ali bin Ahmed Altui Ba Salamah. 

(1916). Unpublished manuscript, Sayoon (Seiyun). Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. 


�� 

. 



Power of attorney on behalf of Shaik Saheed bin Ahmed bin Ali Hikmah. (1916). Unpublished 


0400000182 

Power of attorney on behalf of Sharifa Salamah binte Zain bin Sadik Alidroos. (1916). Unpublished 


0400000185 

�� 

Salma. (1916). Unpublished manuscript, Tarim. Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. 


�� 

. (1916). 

Unpublished manuscript, Sayum (Seiyun). Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text 

in Jawi script. DOI: 040000079 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Husain bin Zainulabidin AlIdroos. (1916). Unpublished manuscript, 

Tarim Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 040000067 

�� 



0400000169 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Mohsin and Syed Sallim. (1916). Unpublished manuscript, Tarim. 


Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Zain bin Awad Alshatree. (1916). Unpublished manuscript, Tarim. 


266

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Abdullah bin Omar Albar Almashor. (1917). Unpublished 


0400000238 

Power of attorney on behalf of Sherifah Noor binte Husin bin Mohamed Fad-Aak and her brother Omar 

bin Husin bin Mohamed Fad-Aak Ba-Alwi. (1917). Unpublished manuscript, Kesam. Text in Arabic with 


Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Ali bin Abdul Rahman bin Ahmed Alhabshee, executor of the late 

Syed Mohamed bin Salleh bin Omar bin Ahmed Alhabshee. (1917). Unpublished manuscript, Sayoon 

(Seiyun). Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 040000092 

Power of attorney on behalf of Rubarak bin Obeid bin Salim Basalamah, Awad bin Obeid bin Salim 

�� 

. (1918). 


script. DOI: 0400000236 

Power of attorney on behalf of Shaik Ahmed bin Shaik bin Abdulrahman Bahamid. (1918). Unpublished 


040000094 

Power of attorney on behalf of Sharifa Alawiah binte Omar bin Salleh bin Shaik Abubakar bin Sallim. 



Power of attorney on behalf of Sheriffa Ayesha binte Omar Alsagoff and Syed Ibrahim bin Omar 

Alsagoff. (1918). Unpublished manuscript, Jeddah. Text in English. 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Abdulkader bin Hussain bin Shaik Alkaf. (1918). Unpublished 


040000060 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Abdullah bin Shaik bin Mohamed Alsaggaf. (1918). Unpublished 


script. DOI: 0400000141 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Omar bin Abdullah bin Zain Alzahir. (1918). Unpublished 


040000080 

Power of attorney on behalf of Al-Sharifah Aysha binte Husain bin Shaik Alkaff. (1919). Unpublished 


0400000103 

Power of attorney on behalf of Al-Sharifah Zohrah binti Ahmad bin Shaik Alkaff. (1919). Unpublished 


0400000107 

267


Power of attorney on behalf of Al-Syed Alwi bin Abdullah Alkaff, Al-Syed Hassan bin Abdullah Alkaff, Al- 

Syed Bubakar bin Shaik Alkaff, Al-Syed Hassan bin Shaik Alkaff, Al-Syed Abdul Kader bin Shaik Alkaff, 

Al-Syed Omar bin Ahmad bin Shaik Alkaff, Al-Syed Abdul Kader bin Husain bin Shaik Alkaff and Al-Syed 

Abrulrahman bin Husain bin Abdullah Alkaff. (1919). Unpublished manuscript, Tarim. Text in Arabic with 


Power of attorney on behalf of Shaik Jaafar bin Mohamed Falhoom. (1919). Unpublished manuscript, 

Saywoon (Seiyun). Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 

040000068 

Power of attorney on behalf of Shaik Mohamed bin Jabar bin Mohamed Jabar, Shaik Omar bin Awath 

bin Ahmed bin Mohamed Jabar, Abubakar bin Awath bin Ahmed bin Mohamed Jabar and Shaikha binte 

Awath bin Ahmed bin Mohamed Jabar, children of Awath bin Ahmed bin Mohamed Jabar, Fatimah 

�� 

. (1919). 


script. DOI: 040000082 

�� 

. (1919). 

Unpublished manuscript, Shebam (Shibam). Text in Arabic with English translations. DOI: 040000058 

Power of attorney on behalf of Shaikha Zainah binte Obaid bin Saiyyad Gawaya. (1919). Unpublished 

manuscript, Saywoon (Seiyun). Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi 

script. DOI: 040000093 

Power of attorney on behalf of Sharifa Noor binte Alawi bin Abdul Rahman Alkhirid. (1919). Unpublished 


040000091 

�� 

�� 

. (1919). Unpublished manuscript, Tarim. Text in Arabic with 


Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Mohamed bin Saggaf bin Abubakar bin Shaik Abubakar bin Sallim. 



Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Mohamed bin Saggaf bin Abubakar bin Shaik Abubakar bin Sallim. 



Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Mohsin bin Sallim Alsree, Syed Mohsin bin Zain Alhady and Sharifa 

�� 

. (1919). Unpublished manuscript, Tarim. Text in 

Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 040000057 

�� 

(1920). Unpublished 

manuscript, Shibam. Text in English. 

268

�� 

. 



Power of attorney on behalf of Shaikha binte Jaafar bin Omar bin Abdul Aziz, widow of Shaikh Abdullah 

bin Said bin Mari. (1920). Unpublished manuscript, Balil. Text in Arabic with English and Malay 


Power of attorney on behalf of Shaikha binte Jaafar bin Omar bin Abdul Aziz, one of the two wives 

of the late Abdullah bin Said bin Mari, Iliah Oboodah binte Abdullah bin Said bin Mari and Fatimah 

Oboodah binte Abdullah bin Said bin Mari and Ali bin Mohammed bin Abdullah bin Mari. (1920). 

Unpublished manuscript, Balil. Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi 

script. DOI: 040000089 

Power of attorney on behalf of Sharifah Alwiah and Sharifah Zohra. (1920). Unpublished manuscript, 


Power of attorney on behalf of Shariffah Aishah binte Syed Ahmad bin Hamid bin Alwi Hamid and 

Shariffah Fatimah otherwise called Zohrah binte Syed Ahmad bin Hamid bin Alwi Hamid. (1920). 


script. DOI: 0400000261 

Power of attorney on behalf of Sheriffa Noor binte Abdullah bin Omar Abu Fataim. (1920). Unpublished 

manuscript, Tarim. Text in Arabic with English translations. DOI: 0400000205 

Power of attorney on behalf of Sheriffah Fatimah binte Al-Hussain bin Mohammed Aidid. (1920). 

Unpublished manuscript, Tarim. Text in Arabic with English translations. DOI: 0400000187 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Abdul Rahman bin Abdullah Alkaf, Syed Hassan bin Abdullah Alkaf, 

Syed Abdul Rahman bin Shaik Alkaf, Syed Abubakar bin Shaik Alkaf, Syed Alawi bin Abubakar Alkaf 

and Syed Abubakar bin Husain Alkaf, executors of Fatimah binte Shaik bin Abdul Rahman Alkaf. (1920). 


script. DOI: 040000084 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Abdullah bin Mohamed bin Husain Alalas. (1920). Unpublished 

manuscript, Mukalla. Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 

0400000255 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Abdullah bin Omar Almashhoor. (1920). Unpublished manuscript, 


Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Abdullah bin Omar Almashhor. (1920). Unpublished manuscript, 


�� 

. (1920). 

Unpublished manuscript, Hudaidah. Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in 


269


Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Idroos bin Mohamed bin Haroon bin Shahab. (1920). Unpublished 


040000087 

�� 

. (1920). 


Power of attorney on behalf of Mobarek bin Salim Hekmah. (1921). Unpublished manuscript, Shibam. 


Power of attorney on behalf of Shaikh Bakkar bin Abdullah bin Mohammed Jabr. (1921). Unpublished 


0400000257 

Power of attorney on behalf of Shaikh Mohammed bin Ahmed bin Omar Mosallam. (1921). Unpublished 

manuscript, Shibam. Text in Arabic with English translations. DOI: 0400000189 

Power of attorney on behalf of Shaikh Mohammed bin Ali Altway. (1921). Unpublished manuscript, 

Shibam. Text in Arabic with English translations. DOI: 0400000190 

Power of attorney on behalf of Sharifah Maznah binte Taher bin Ali Alhabshi. (1921). Unpublished 


0400000188 

Power of attorney on behalf of Sharifah Rathiyah binte Zen bin Ali bin shahab. (1921). Unpublished 


0400000191 

Power of attorney on behalf of Sheikha binte Jaafar bin Omar bin Abdul Aziz, Alia and Fatimah binte 

Abdullah bin Mari. (1921). Unpublished manuscript, Tarim. Text in Arabic with English and Malay 


�� 

. 


Jawi script.DOI: 0400000256 

�� 

. (1921). 

Unpublished manuscript, Jeddah. Text in English. 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Abdullah bin Idroos bin Alwi Al Idroos. (1921). Unpublished 


040000099 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Abdullah bin Mohamed Al-Attas. (1921). Unpublished manuscript, 

Mukalla. Text in English. 

270

�� 



0400000102 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Ali bin Abdullah bin Aidaroos Al Aidaroos. (1921). Unpublished 


0400000234 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Alwi bin Mohamed bin Alwi Alkaf and Sharifah Zohrah binte Alwi 

bin Mohamed Alkaf. (1921). Unpublished manuscript, Tarim. Text in Arabic with English and Malay 

translations. Malay text in Jawi script.DOI: 0400000207 

�� 

. (1921). 


�� 

�� 

. 



Power of attorney on behalf of Al-Sharifah Zohrah binte Al-Syed Ahmad bin Hamid bin Alwi Hamid. 



Power of attorney on behalf of Mohammed bin Ahmed bin Omar Mesallam. (1922). Unpublished 


040000097 

Power of attorney on behalf of Noor binte Ahmad bin Omar Ba Bihair and Aisha binte Ahmad bin Omar 

Ba Bihair. (1922). Unpublished manuscript, [Mukalla]. Text in Arabic with English translations. DOI: 

0400000131 

Power of attorney on behalf of Sadiah binte Mohmed bin Abood bin Abdat and her daughter, Fathoom 

binte Mohsin bin Jaafar bin Abdat. (1922). Unpublished manuscript, Thrace. Text in Arabic with English 

and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 040000098 

Power of attorney on behalf of Shaik Ali bin Uthman bin Awath Ibad Bazib. (1922). Unpublished 


0400000115 

�� 

. (1922). 

Unpublished manuscript, Shibam. Text in Arabic with English translations. DOI: 0400000192 

Power of attorney on behalf of Shaikha Fatimah binte Shaikh Salim bin Mobarak Bakhdar, Shaikha 

Shaikha binte Mobarak Bakhdar and Shaikha Rogayah binte Mobarak Bakhdar. (1922). Unpublished 

manuscript, Qaidoon. Text in Arabic with English translations. DOI: 0400000119 

271


Power of attorney on behalf of Shaikha Masad binte Ali bin Mohamed bin Shaib and Shaikha Fathimah 

binte Ali bin Mohamed bin Shaib. (1922). Unpublished manuscript, Shibam. Text in Arabic with English 

and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 0400000245 

Power of attorney on behalf of Sharifah Saadiah binte Shaikhan bin Mohamed Alhabshi. (1922). 


script. DOI: 0400000208 

Power of attorney on behalf of Sharifah Seedah binte Seyed Abdullah bin Hussain bin Tahis. (1922). 


script. DOI: 0400000193 

Power of attorney on behalf of Sheriffa Mazanah [Maznah] binte Syed Salleh bin Hashim bin Ahamed 

Alhabshee and Sheriffa Shaffa binte Syed Salleh bin Hashim bin Ahamed Alhabshee. (1922). 


script. DOI: 0400000140 

�� 



0400000233 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Hassan bin Alhadi bin Abdullah Alhabashi. (1922). Unpublished 


040000095 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Zain bin Ahmad Aidid. (1922). Unpublished manuscript, Tarim. Text 

in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 0400000194 

�� 

�� 

�� 

. (1923). Unpublished manuscript, Shibam. Text in Arabic with English and 


�� 

�� 



0400000117 

Power of attorney on behalf of Alsyed Abdullah bin Abdulrahman Alkaff. (1923). Unpublished 


0400000215 

Power of attorney on behalf of Alsyed Alwi bin Abubaker bin Alwi Alkaff. (1923). Unpublished 


0400000209 

272

Power of attorney on behalf of Alsyed Mohamed bin Husain bin Abdullah Alkaff. (1923). Unpublished 


0400000214 

Power of attorney on behalf of Al-Syed Omar bin Awath Al-Shatri, Al-Syed Zein bin Awath Al-Shatri and 

Al-Shaik Abdulrahman bin Mohamed Al-Khatib, executors of Al-Syedah Aishah binti Al-Syed Ahmad bin 

�� 

. 



Power of attorney on behalf of Alsyed Omar bin Shaik Alkaff. (1923). Unpublished manuscript, Tarim. 


Power of attorney on behalf of Alsyed Omar bin Shaikh bin Abdulrahman Alkaff. (1923). Unpublished 


0400000128 

Power of attorney on behalf of Alsharifah Salma binte Mohamed bin Alwi Alkaff. (1923). Unpublished 


0400000129 

Power of attorney on behalf of Alsyed Sagaff bin Abdulrahman Alkaff. (1923). Unpublished manuscript, 


�� 

. (1923). Unpublished manuscript, Sayoon 

(Seiyun). Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 0400000142 

�� 

. (1923). 


script. DOI: 0400000146 

Power of attorney on behalf of Shaik Abeed bin Salim bin Zain Ba Hamid. (1923). Unpublished 


0400000125 

Power of attorney on behalf of Shaik Ali bin Awath salim Hamdoon. (1923). Unpublished manuscript, 

Ainath. Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 0400000198 

�� 

�� 


Shibam. Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 0400000123 

�� 

�� 

. (1923). Unpublished manuscript, Tarim. Text in Arabic with English and Malay 


�� 

. (1923). Unpublished manuscript, Tarim. 


273


�� 



040000202 

Power of attorney on behalf of Shaikha Meriam binte Bakri Ba Yaakob. (1923). Unpublished manuscript, 


Power of attorney on behalf of Sharifah Masad binte Omar bin Hamid bin Mohamed Hamid. (1923). 


script. DOI: 0400000240 

Power of attorney on behalf of Sharifah Shaffaa binte Junied bin Omar bin Ali Al Junied. (1923). 


script. DOI: 0400000137 

�� 


manuscript, Mekalla (Mukalla). Text in Arabic with English translations. DOI: 0400000134 

�� 



0400000231 

�� 

. 

(1923). Unpublished manuscript, Tarim. Text in Arabic with English translations. DOI: 0400000203 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Abdul Rahman bin Abdullah bin Shahab, executor of the late Syed 

Mohammed bin Abdullah bin Shahab who died in Singapore between September - October 1922 and in 

accordance to his will dated 21 April 1918. (1923). Unpublished manuscript, Tarim. Text in Arabic with 

English translations. DOI: 0400000144 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Alwi bin Abdullah bin Aidroos bin Shahab. (1923). Unpublished 


0400000196 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Omar bin Salim bin Alwee Alsree. (1923). Unpublished manuscript, 

Mecca. Text in Arabic with English translations. DOI: 0400000138 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Salim bin Thahar bin Omar Fathin. (1923). Unpublished 


0400000227 

Power of attorney on behalf of Abdul Kadir bin Mohamed bin Ali Altway Al-Tuway. (1924). Unpublished 


0400000148 

Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Mohamed bin Abdullah bin Aidroos bin Shaik Abibakar bin Salim. 



274

Power of attorney on behalf of Sayeed bin Mohamed bin Salim bin Thalib. (1924). Unpublished 


0400000145 

Power of attorney on behalf of Shaik Abu Bakar bin Mohamed Altway. (1924). Unpublished manuscript, 


�� 



0400000124 

Power of attorney on behalf of Shaik Khamis bin Awath bin Khamis Al Hadeed. (1924). Unpublished 


0400000139 

Power of attorney on behalf of Shaik Mohamed bin Awath bin Mohamed Baazib. (1924). Unpublished 


0400000149 

Power of attorney on behalf of Shaik Obaed bin Salim bin Zain bin Bahamid. (1924). Unpublished 


0400000249 

Power of attorney on behalf of Shaik Omar bin Sayeed Ashoor bin Zain Bahamid. (1924). Unpublished 

manuscript, Sion (Seiyun). Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. 

DOI: 0400000250 

�� 

. (1924). 


�� 

. (1924). 


Power of attorney on behalf of Shaikh Salim and Shaikh Abdul Nabil sons of Shaikh Abdullah bin Ali 

bin Ahmad bin Shaikh Ali bin Harharah. (1924). Unpublished manuscript, Shibam. Text in Arabic with 

English translations. DOI: 0400000118 

Power of attorney on behalf of Shaikh Yeslam bin Abdullah bin Salim Jarhoom being Attorney of his 

mother Shaikkhah Zainah binte Shaikh Salim bin Abdul Rahman bin Mohammad Baswaidan by POA 

dated 23 June 1924. (1924). Unpublished manuscript, Shibam. Text in Arabic with English translations. 

DOI: 0400000135 

Power of attorney on behalf of Shaikha Labu alias Slamah. (1924). Unpublished manuscript, Shibam. 


Power of attorney on behalf of Shaikha Labu Slamah. (1924). Unpublished manuscript, Shibam. Text in 

Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 0400000247 

275


Power of attorney on behalf of Shaikha Rogaiyah binte Ahmad bin Mohamed bin Tawk. (1924). 


script. DOI: 0400000195 

Power of attorney on behalf of Shaikha Zainah binte Salim bin Awath Hamdoon. (1924). Unpublished 


0400000239 

Power of attorney on behalf of Sharifah Alwiyah binte Mohamed bin Salleh Al Haddar. (1924). 


script. DOI: 0400000241 

Power of attorney on behalf of Sharifah shaikha binte Hussain bin Abu Bakar Alkaff. (1924). 


script. DOI: 0400000199 

Power of attorney on behalf of Sharifah Shaikha binte Mohamed bin Abdullah Aideed. (1924). 


script. DOI: 0400000251 

�� 



0400000232 

Power of attorney on behalf of Sheikhah Slamah mother of Abdullah and Ahmad Bani Bu Bkar bin 

�� (1924). Unpublished manuscript, Shibam. Text in Malay with English 

translations. Malay text in Jawi script. 

�� 

. (1920). 


Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Abdullah bin Ahmad bin Shaik Alsagoff. (1924). Unpublished 


0400000230 

�� 



Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Ahmad bin Mohamed bin Smith. (1924). Unpublished manuscript, 


Power of attorney on behalf of Syed Ali bin Zain bin Awath Alshatree. (1924). Unpublished manuscript, 


Power of attorney on behalf of Al-Syed Zin bin Awad Al-Shatri. (1925). Unpublished manuscript, Tarim. 


276

Power of attorney on behalf of Fatmah binte Nasir bin Obood Al-Saywad and her two daughters, 

Rugayah binte Abdullah bin Said Bamazruk and Zainah binte Abudllah bin Said Bamazruk. (1925). 


script. DOI: 0400000132 

Power of attorney on behalf of Shaikhah Ghidah binte Saif bin Mohammad and Shaikhah Zain binte 

Jaafar bin Obood. (1925). Unpublished manuscript, Shibam. Text in Arabic with English translations. 

DOI: 0400000133 

Power of attorney on behalf of Sharifah Ayesha binte Omar bin Abdul Rahman bin Ali bi Shahab. (1925). 


Power of attorney on behalf of Zainah binte Al-Shaikh Hassan Houwidi. (1925). Unpublished 

manuscript, Gassam. Text in Arabic with English and Malay translations. Malay text in Jawi script. DOI: 

0400000122 

Power of attorney on behalf of Husain bin Abdullah bin Zen Alzaher. (1933). Unpublished manuscript, 


Receipts of deceased Syed Abdullah Albin Yahyah otherwise called Nong Besar. (1886). Unpublished 

manuscript, [S.I.]. Text in English. 

277

Author Index 

A. Ghani Hamid (Abdul Ghani Hamid), 945 

A. Muin Ikram, 509 

A. R. Zahari (Ab. Rashid Zahari), 868 

A. Rahman Basirun, 770 

A. Samad Ismail (Abdul Samad Ismail), 257 

Abaza, Mona, 61, 280, 338, 720, 869-870 

Abd. Rani Mustaffa, Haji, 721, 834 

Abdul (pseudo), 258, 580-581 

Abdul-Ghani Hasan, 746 

Abdul Halim Abdul Karim, 565, 835 

Abdul Kadir Ahmad, 508 

Abdul Rahman Haji Abdullah, 160 

Abdul Rahman Haji Ismail, 871 

Abdul Rahman Tang Abdullah, 402 

Abdullah Alwi Haji Hassan, 1090 

Abdullah bin Mohamed, 510 

Abdullah Zakaria Ghazali, 965-966 

Abu Bakar Hamzah, 479 

�� 872 

Abushouk, Ahmed Ibrahim, 480-481, 873 

Aduka (pseudo), 874 

Advocate (pseudo), 1129 

Affandi, Bisri, 281 

Ahmad Ibrahim, 1092-1094, 1107-1108, 1130, 

1190 

Ahmad Mohd. Don, 582 

Ahmad Semait, Syed, 583 

Ahmad, Hisyam, 410 

Ahmad, Omar Farouk Shaeik, 403 

Aidid, Syed Mohammad Alwi, 584 

Al Faruqi, Lois Ibsen, 511 

�� 550 

278 

Alatas, Farid, Syed, 109, 141, 161, 364, 371, 876 

Alatas, Hussein, Syed, 142-143, 162, 436-441 

Alatas, Ismail F., 365 

Al-Attas, Hassan bin Muhammad, Syed, 163 

Al-Attas, Muhammad Naguib, Syed, 164-166, 

366, 463, 877 

Al-Aydrus, Muhammad Hasan, 167-168 

Albahar, Sharifah Gamar Alam, 372 

Alexander, F. L., 880 

Alfred, Eric R., 861 

Algadri, Hamid, 304-306, 878 

Alhabshee, S. Mohamad, 585 

�� 

��20 

Alhadad, Abdul Kader, 741 

Al-Hady, Syed Mohamed Alwi, 879 

�� 62 

�� 979 

Alias Awang, 836 

Aliza Elias, 882-883 

Aljelany, A. W., 110 

Aljunied, Syed Haroon Mohamed, 442 

Aljunied, Syed Muhd. Khairudin, 259-260, 307, 

650 

Alkaff, Alwee Sheikh, 63 

Alkaff, Sharifah Faizah Salim, 372 

Alkaff, Ummahani Ali, 373 

Al-Masyhur, Idrus Alwi, 587 

Al-Najdi, Ahmad Ibn Majid, 106 

�� 21 

Alowdee, Yehidaah Beevi Shaik, 566 

�� 308 

�� 23-24

Alsagoff, Abdulcader, 589 

Alsagoff, Ahmad Ali, Syed, 203, 567 

Alsagoff, Al-Syed Ibrahim, 204 

Alsagoff, H. A., 482 

Alsagoff, Hussein Agil, 374 

Alsagoff, Syed Abbas b. Mohd, 792 

Alsagoff, Syed Ibrahim Omar, 205-206, 483, 811, 

1109-1110, 1149, 1193-1195 

Alsagoff, Syed Mohsen, 981-982 

Al-Saqqaf, Abdullah Hassan, 551 

Al-Saqqaf, Ja’far b. Muhammad, 862 

�� 886 

Altway, Nazrin Ahmad, 372 

Al-Wehdah Al-Arabiah (Singapore), 590 

Alwi Alatas, 282 

Alwi bin Alhady, 888 

Alwi bin Sheikh Alhady, 443 

Alwiyah Abdul Aziz, 371 

Amal, Siti Hidayati, 568 

Ameer Wahid Razalli, 1112 

Aminuddin Baki, 865 

�� 889 

Anak Singapura (pseudo), 983 

Anderson, John, 283 

The Arab Association Singapore, 592 

Arabic Social and Literary Club, 111 

Arai, Kazuhiro, 25, 310, 367, 411, 486, 984-985 

Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia, 812, 817 

Assagaf, M. Hasyim, 112 

�� 26-29, 552, 892 

Azra, Azyumardi, 284, 339-342, 823, 893-895 

�� 986 

��896 

Badriyah Haji Salleh, 311 

Bagarib, Osman, 569 

Bagharib, Ahmad Omar, 605 

Bajrai, Ghazi Yamani, 585 

�� 30-31, 464 

Bang, Anne K., 343, 988 

Bao, Nga Tran, 76 

Barnard, Timothy P., 818 

Barrett-Lennard, Fiennes, 1113 

Bartholomew, G. W. (Geoffrey Wilson), 1114 

Basharahil, Khalid Saleh, 606 

Beg, Muhammad Abdul Jabbar, 553-554 

Benda, Harry Jindrich, 312 

Bennett, James, 169-172, 809-810 

Berg, Lodewijk Willem Christiaan van den, 326 

�� 32 

�� 989 

Bluhm-Warn, Jutta, 487-488 

Boxberger, Linda, 3, 113 

Boxhall, Peter, 107 

Braddell, T., 838 

Brakel, L. F., 465 

Broeze, Frank, 839 

Brown, Rajeswary Ampalavanar, 858-860 

Bruinessen, Martin van, 144, 489, 819 

Buckley, Charles Burton, 990 

Budi Handrianto, 344 

Bujra, Abdalla, 4 

Burhanuddin, Jajat, 345 

Camelin, Sylvaine, 33 

Capwell, Charles, 512 

Cartwright, H. A., 1006 

Chandran, R., 555 

Chegu (pseudo), 212 

Cheng, Jeanne, 261 

Ch’ng, David C. L., 793 

Chopyak, James D., 513 

279

Author Index 

Chua, B. L., 1117 

Clarence-Smith, W. G., 114, 191-192, 412, 427, 

840-843, 863 

Colless, Brian, 193-196 

Coppel, Charles A., 115 

Cortesão, Armando, 173 

D. G. O. J., 991 

Dahari Ali, 1073 

�� 34 

Dayang Istiaisyah Hussin, 650 

Di Meglio, Rita Rose, 67 

Dijk, Kees van, 285-286, 820, 833 

Djamour, Judith, 1118 

Doniach, N. S., 556 

Dresch, Paul, 35 

Drewes, Gerardus Willebrordus Joannes, 174, 

327, 466 

Ducker, John T., 897 

Effendy, Tenas, 514 

Elias, Elias A. (Elias Antoon), 557 

Elinah Abdullah, 845 

Ellen, Roy, 413 

Ewald, Janet, 427 

Fadhullah Jamil, 346 

Fadlin Ja’afar, 515 

Faridah Wan, 262 

Fatimi, S. Q., 97 

Federspiel, Howard M., 175 

Feener, R. Michael, 176, 347, 570 

Ferrand, Charles, 777 

Forbes, Andrew D. W., 177 

Francis, Jeffrey, 967 

Freitag, Ulrike, 5, 37, 69-70, 117-118, 145, 571, 

903, 992 

Gallop, Annabel Teh, 802-803, 1202 

Gavin, R. J., 6 

280 

Gibb, H. A. R. (Hamilton Alexander Rosskeen), 

178 

Gilsenan, Michael, 119 

Gordon, Alijah, 287, 881, 904 

Green, Anthony, 821 

Guillot, Claude, 184, 197, 735 

�� 905 

Hadijah Rahmat, 447 

Hadrami (pseudo), 217 

�� 467 

�� 348 

Hamad, Ibnu, 414 

Hamid Albar, Syed, 120 

Hamidah Khamis, 516 

�� 517 

Harasha Kalid Bafana, 263-264, 371 

Hartwig, Friedhelm, 8, 72, 428 

Heikel Khalid Bafana, 371, 376 

Heiss, Johann, 73 

Hestler, Anna, 38 

Heuken, Adolf, 415 

Hilarian, Larry Francis, 518- 520 

Hill, A. H., 179, 908 

�� 794 

Hirsch, David (David G.), 493 

Ho, Engseng, 74, 121-122, 377, 572 

Hurgronje, C. Snouck (Christiaan Snouck), 288, 

328-334 

Husaini, Adian, 344 

Hussain Baba Mohammad, P. J. K., 968 

Hussein Yasman, 751 

Hwang, T. F., 778 

Ibn Al-Mujawir, Yusuf ibn Ya’qub, 39 

�� 40, 994 

�� 41

�� 910 

Ibrahim bin Abu Bakar, 349 

Ibrahim Ismail, Engku, 368 

Ingrams, Doreen, 12 

Ingrams, Leila, 42 

Ingrams, William Harold, 9-12, 43-46 

Ismail bin Ibrahim, Haji, 940 

Ismail Hamid, 180, 350 

Ismail Pantek, 795 

Jabbar Hanief, 219 

Jackson Sawatan, 911 

Jacobsen, Frode F. (Frode Fadnes), 146, 416-417 

Ja’far Rassuh, 521 

Jaffar Mirghani Ahmed Fadlalla, 75 

Jamil, O. K. Nizami, 522 

Jamilah Othman, 351 

Johns, Anthony H. (Anthony Hearle), 147, 181- 

183, 369 

Jonge, Huub de, 123-124, 314, 335, 418, 523, 

573-574 

Jufri, Abdillah Al-, Syed, 125 

Jumabhoy, R. (Rajabali), 379 

�� 

‘Umar, 148 

Kagabo, José Hamim, 429 

Kalahan, Munawar, 524 

Kalus, Ludvik, 184, 735 

Kamisah Ismail, 822 

Kaptein, N. J. G., 124, 315-316, 336, 496, 736, 

796, 913, 1099 

Karmila Karim, 914 

Kasim, J. A., 265 

Kathirithamby-Wells, J., 969 

Keely, Charles B., 76 

Kerlogue, Fiona, 797 

Khalidi, Omar, 430-431 

Khng, Eu Meng, 266 

Khoo, Kay Kim, 915 

Khoo, Salma Nasution, 289, 780, 970 

Khuluq, Lathiful, 916 

Knehtl, Irena, 814 

Knysh, Alexander D., 149, 737 

Kostiner, Joseph, 13, 77 

Lackner, Helen, 15 

Laffan, Michael Francis, 78, 176, 317, 497 

Lane, Edward William, 558 

Le Guennec-Coppens, Francoise, 432 

Lee, Elaine, 525 

Lee, Hsien Loong, 380 

Lee, Kip Lin, 781 

Lee Warner, W. H., 126 

Lekon, Christian, 14, 79 

Lewcock, Ronald B., 47-48 

Lim, Lu-sia, 381 

Loh, Chee Harn, 382 

Lombard, Denys, 291 

Low, Cheryl-Ann Mei Gek, 49 

M., 267 

M. Guntor Sadali, 452 

M. H. Alias, 433 

M. I. Abu Salim, 930 

M. Y. H., 268 

McPherson, Kenneth, 98 

Madrasah Aljunied Al-Islamiah (Singapore), 670- 

671 

Madrasah Al-Maarif Al-Islamiah (Singapore), 676- 

677 

Magenda, Burhan, 224 

Mahayudin Haji Yahaya, 352, 404 

Mahdi, Kamil A., 15 

Majid, Dien, 823 

281

Author Index 

Makarim, Omar, 269 

�� 150 

Mandal, Sumit Kumar, 225, 383, 575 

Manger, Leif O., 434 

Maniar, Bina, 783 

Mardiana Abu Bakar, 270 

Maréchaux, Maria, 50 

Maréchaux, Pascal, 50 

Marican, Marina, 498 

Martin, Pierre, 405 

Masjid Al-Firdaus, 946 

Mattar, Yasser, 847-849 

Maxwell, Robyn J., 798-799 

Mecca Born (pseudo), 815 

Meccawy (pseudo), 226-228 

Mehrun Siraj, 1119-1125 

Meij, Dick van der, 336 

Meulen, D. van der (Daniël), 51, 81 

Miksic, John N., 804-805 

Mobini-Kesheh, Natalie, 353-354, 499 

Mohamed Ghouse Nasuruddin, 526 

Mohamed Nahar Ros, 738 

Mohammad Redzuan Othman, 127, 198, 230, 

292-293, 355-356 

Mohammad Yusuf, 922 

Mohammed A. Talib, 272 

Mohd. Anis Md. Nor, 527- 532 

Mohd. Anwar Omar Din, 800-801, 806 

Mohd. Ishak Abdul Aziz, 533 

Mohd. Mohiyuddin Mohd. Sulaiman, 435 

Mohd. Nor Wan Daud, Wan, 923 

Mohd Saini Ali, 754 

Mohd. Sarim Hj. Mustajab, 924-925 

Mohd. Shaghir Abdullah, Hj. W., 370 

Mohd Sohaimi Esa, 406 

282 

Mokhtar Haji Alias, 926 

Morais, Victor J. (Victor John), 927 

Morley, J. A. E., 128, 185 

Morrah, Patrick, 52 

Muhammad Ariff Ahmad, 468 

Muhammad Nuruddin Muhammad Yunus, Megat, 

825 

�� 53 

�� 826 

A Muslim (pseudo), 1203 

A Muslim from the North (pseudo), 690 

A Muslim from the West (pseudo), 691 

Muslimin Trust Fund Association, 619 

Mustafa A. R. Mahmud, 559 

Nabir Hj. Abdullah, 294 

Nagata, Judith A., 273 

Naimah S. Talib, 318 

Nature Lover (pseudo), 785 

Nazir Ahmad, 199 

Nik Ahmad Haji Nik Hassan, 501 

Noer, Deliar, 419 

Nooraini Hamzah, 786 

�� 827 

Nurfadzilah Yahaya, 384 

Nuryati Duriat, 695-696 

Nurzan Mohd. Wahie, 385 

O’ Fahey, R. S. (Rex S.), 930 

Omar Farouk Bajunid, 129-134, 151, 386, 407 

Oon, Violet, 743 

Oral History Centre, 387-391, 697, 931-932, 998- 

1000 

Othman bin Mohd. Yatim, 807-808 

Pak Belalang (pseudo), 186 

Patji, Abdul Rachman, 420 

Pearson, H. F. (Harold Frank), 934-935

�� 852 

Perpustakaan Awam Negeri Perlis, 971 

Priestland, Jane, 320 

Progressive Arab (pseudo), 632 

Qazi, M. A., 560 

Rajendran, N., 866 

Ramakrishnan, P., 235 

Reid, Anthony, 295-298, 936 

Richards, Dick, 809-810 

Ricklefs, M. C. (Merle Calvin), 357 

Riddell, Peter G., 84, 187 

Ridhwan Anuar, 459 

Rinkes, Douwe Adolf, 188 

Rivai, Mawardi, 535 

Rivers, P. J. (Philip J.), 739 

Rizal, Firdaus H. Jose, 536-537 

Roff, William R., 189, 274, 392-393, 503-505 

Ronkel, Philippus Samuel van, 564 

Rose Ismail, 460 

Rozhan Kuntom, 705 

Rukiah Othman, 634 

S. Berrein, 538 

Saadaldeen Talib, 85 

Saadiah, Said, 1002 

Sa’adon Ismail, 855, 937 

�� 539 

Said Parman, 540 

Saleeby, Najeeb M. (Najeeb Mitry), 972 

Salma Semono, 706 

Salmoné, H. Anthony (Habib Anthony), 561 

Saparin Rasikin, 756-759 

Schmidt, Jan, 300 

Serjeant, R. B. (Robert Bertram), 54, 86-87, 100, 

135-136, 152-155, 541 

�� 88 

Shahab, Alwi, 1041 

Shahab, Yasmine Zaki, 358 

Shaharom T. M. Sulaiman, 359 

Shahril Mohd Shah, 275 

�� 55 

Sharifah Zaleha Syed Hassan, 408-409 

Sharkawi Haji Amit, 542 

�� 56 

Sheikh bin Ahmad Al-Hadi, Al-Syed, 461, 470-471 

Sherry, Norman, 864 

Shiraishi, Takashi, 301 

Silm, Bouchaib, 394 

Simat bin Angas, 940 

Sinar, Luckman, Tengku, 543 

Singapore Arab (pseudo), 239--242 

Singapore Tatler, 1004-1005 

Slama, Martin, 360, 421 

Smith, G. Rex (Gerald Rex), 16, 39 

Smith, R. H., 89 

Smith, Simon C., 321 

Son of Arabia (pseudo), 244 

Sonneborn, Liz, 57 

Southern Cross (pseudo), 395 

Spaan, Ernst, 90, 137 

Stapel, F. W. (Frederik Willem), 337 

Stark, Freya, 58 

Stauth, Georg, 867 

Street, Stanley, 138 

Suhaili bin Haji Hassan, 940 

Suhairi S., 712 

Sulaiman Jeem, 713-714, 943-945 

Sumadi Sarkawi, 760-763 

Sundusia Rosdi, 472 

Surattee, Mohamad Ghouse Khan, 946 

Syed Hassan Ali, 276 

283

Author Index 

�� 277 

Symon, Andrew, 92 

Tagliacozzo, Eric, 93, 830 

Talib, Ameen Ali, 396-399 

Talib, Helmi, 399 

Talib, Khaled, 399-400, 745, 1185 

Talib, Khaled Abed, 278 

Talib, Muna M., 473 

Talib, Nargis Mohamad, 577 

Talib Samat, 474-476 

Tan, Hsueh Yun, 578 

Tan, Linda, 361 

Tan-Oehler, Shirley, 789 

Tengku Rahimah Daud, 544 

Thomson, John Turnbull, 957 

Tibbetts, G. R. (Gerald Randall), 101-102, 106, 

156 

Tisdall, Charles. E. G., 401 

Tom Ibnur, 545 

Traill, H. F. O’ B, 958 

Treloar, F. E., 103 

Trocki, Carl A., 323 

Tuchscherer, Michel, 104 

Tuminah Sapawi, 790 

Umar Faridz El-Hamdy, 422 

Umar, Said Mahmud, 546 

United Nations. Economic and Social Commission 

for Western Asia, 18, 59 

Ustad Sagaf bin Muhammad bin Idrus bin Salim 

Al Jufri, 962 

Van der Kroef, Justus Maria, 423-425 

Vom Bruck, Gabriele, 19 

Vredenbregt, Jacob, 831-832 

Vuldy, Chantal, 426 

Wan Ahmad Hassan, 963 

The Wanderer (pseudo), 254 

284 

Wehr, Hans, 562 

Weyland, Petra, 362 

Wheatley, Paul, 157-158 

Winstedt, Richard Olof, Sir, 976-978 

Witlox, Marcel, 833 

Worshipper (pseudo), 255, 717 

Worshippers (pseudo), 256 

Wright, Arnold, 1006 

Würth, Anna, 15 

Y. A. Talib (Yusof A. Talib), 139, 159, 363 

Yaakub Rashid, 462, 733 

Yahaya Ismail, 477 

Yahya, Ali, 964 

Yajima, Hikoichi, 105 

Yegar, Moshe, 325 

Yeo, Ghim Lay, 94 

Yong, Jeremy Au, 95-96, 641 

Yunus, Hamzah, Raja, 547 

Yusoff Rahman, 766-768 

Zaini-Lajoubert, Monique, 478 

Zakaria Abdul Rahman, 200 

Zawiyah Salleh, 219, 718-719, 734 

�� 548 

Zurhatimi Ismail, 549

Title Index 

$3 juta untuk bangunan semula Alkaff Mansion (1989), 769 

12 biasiswa di-tawar kapada pelajar2 Aljunied (1971), 643 

44 days celebration of Perak Sultan’s daughter’s wedding (1972), 1064 

50 peratus daftaran ditolak (1987), 644 

�� 344 

�� 550 

$10,000 gift presentation (1973), 579 

$1,000,000 property at stake (1930), 1128 

Abdul Rahman Baswedan and the emancipation of the Hadramis in Indonesia (2004), 573 

Abdulla Bin Abdul Kader Moonshee (1984), 957 

Abdullah lays on a 28-dish feast (1979), 743 

Abdullah Munsyi: Who was he? (2005), 868 

Abdullah’s life (1955), 908 

�� 352 

�� 283 

The Acheen Street Community: A melting pot of the Malay World (1990), 780 

The Achehnese (1906), 288 

�� 1065 

Aden to the Hadhramaut: A journey in South Arabia (1947), 51 

Aden under British rule, 1839-1967 (1975), 6 

�� 303 

�� 56 

An age in motion: Popular radicalism in Java, 1912-1926 (1990), 301 

�� 53 

Ahmad gembira dengan hadiah2 b’ton PBMS (1972), 747 

�� 857 

�� 1 

Akitek perubahan suatu zaman cemerlang: Syed Sheikh Alhadi (1977), 943 

Aktivis Melayu/Islam di Singapura (1997), 945 

�� 27 

Al Arif billah Al Alim Al Allamah Hb. Muhammad b. Ahmad Al Muhdhor (2006), 875 

Al-Atas bukan lagi Senator (1971), 201 

285

Title Index 

Alatas gagal (1971), 202 

�� 26 

Al-Azzahir, Syed Ali Abdul Kadir (1996), 1000 

�� 1007 

Al-Battani terangi ilmu matematik (1987), 441 

The Al Belkoff murder mystery (1908), 395 

�� 539 

�� 889 

�� 439 

�� 29 

Al-Husain bin Ali r.a. sebagai sumber ciri-ciri manusia baru (2009), 876 

�� 645 

�� 896 

Al-Imam: Its role in Malay society, 1906-1908 (1991), 479 

�� 148 

Ali Redha di-pileh sa-mula pengerusi L.B.K.M (1968), 586 

�� 30 

Aljunid hendak dirikan bangunan buku (1969), 646 

Aljunied buka terima murid (1970), 647 

Aljunied family starts its own education fund (1982), 980 

Aljunied: J-kuasa derma bersidang (1971), 648 

Aljunied sambut ulang tahun ke-60 (1987), 649 

Alkaff Arcade - Congratulations at the inaugural luncheon (1909), 742 

Alkaff Arcade - The latest addition to Singapore business buildings (1909), 771 

Alkaff contract litigation: Final addresses before Chief Justice (1929), 1095 

Alkaff estate (1922), 1131 

Alkaff House tambah lagi daya penarik (1987), 772 

Alkaff Mansion: A return to elegance (1991), 783 

Alkaff Mansion ditempah hingga 1993 (1990), 773 

Alkaff Mansion mungkin dibuka kepada ramai Ogos (1990), 786 

Alkaff settlement case (1939), 1132 

�� 240 

�� 884 

�� 651 

�� 150 

286

�� 488 

�� 480; (2009), 481 

�� 885 

�� 31 

�� 22 

�� 588 

Alsagoff and Co. (1916), 1133 

The Alsagoff Arab School (1923), 652, 690-691, 717 

Alsagoff case adjourned (1928), 1191 

�� 1134 

Alsagoff changes mind on petition (1977), 207 

Alsagoff dies at home (1955), 1008 

The Alsagoff estate (1916), 1135; (1917), 1136-1137 

Alsagoff estate action: Disputed codicil (1928), 1138 

Alsagoff estate: Appeal Court judgment disputed (1929), 1139 

The Alsagoff estate case settled out of court (1977), 1140 

Alsagoff estate claim: Hearing re-opened (1929), 1141 

Alsagoff Estate: Minister meets the trustees (1965), 1142 

Alsagoff Estate monies (1934), 1143 

Alsagoff Estet na’ di-jual? Pendudok2 gelisah (1964), 1144 

�� 982 

Alsagoff for celebrations (1957), 208 

Alsagoff is new chief of welfare (1961), 209 

Alsagoff judgment (1929), 1192 

Alsagoff kept brilliantly (1952), 748 

Alsagoff land worth $14.9m at time of takeover: Witness (1977), 1145 

Alsagoff legitimacy case (1922), 1146 

Alsagoff litigation (1919), 816 

Alsagoff litigation: Disapproval of Registrar’s selection of trustees (1917), 1147 

Alsagoff litigation: Municipal expert supports forgery defence (1928), 1148 

Alsagoff perlu lagi $1.8 juta (1989), 653 

The Alsagoff School (1913), 654 

Alsagoff, Syed Ali Redha (1996), 391 

An Alsagoff tangle (1921), 1111 

The Alsagoff tangle (1918), 1196 

287

Title Index 

Alsagoff to be consul (1950), 210 

Alsagoff trustee wrangle (1964), 1150 

Alsagoff trustees seek extra $26 million (1977), 1151 

An Alsagoff weds an Alsagoff (1959), 1066 

Alsagoff’s son marries (1955), 1067 

Al-Saqqaf School of Singapore: Pioneering venture in the island (1982), 655 

�� 464 

Always an Arab (1992), 277 

Alwedah’s 50th anniversary celebrations (1997), 591 

Alwee Alkaff (1970), 887 

Al-Wehdah Al-Arabiah antara jatuh dan bangun (1976), 583 

Al-Wehdah Al-Arabiah menyambut ulang tahun ke-40 (1986), 590 

Al Wehdah urges Singapore govt to relax visa entry for Yemenis (1997), 64 

Aman, Fazli diduga kekal kejuaraan (1980), 768 

Amazement of an Arab (1952), 632 

�� 979 

Anak saudara Sharifah Rodziah bertunang (1962), 1068 

Anak Syed Hamid bukan Syed Said (1962), 890 

Ancaman utama dlm pencemaran bahasa (1982), 444 

The ancient trade of the Indian Archipelago (1857), 838 

Ancillary orders on Muslim divorce - Practice of the Sharia Court in Singapore (1966), 1125 

An anecdotal history of old times in Singapore (1984), 990 

An annotated glossary of Arabic musical terms (1981), 511 

“Another Andalusia”: Images of colonial Southeast Asia in Arabic newspapers (2007), 497 

Antara ilmu dunia dengan akhirat (1987), 438 

An anxious Easter for people told to quit (1952), 1152 

Appeal case concerning big Singapore estate (1939), 1153 

Appeal court: Question of the Alkaff estate (1922), 1154 

Appeal court ruling in settlement case (1939), 1155 

An appeal to the Muslim world (1936), 483 

The application of Sharia in Singapore (1970), 1114 

[Appointment to administer the estate of the late Alie bin Mohamed Assapic] (1907), 1156 

�� 1069 

Arab and Chinese minority groups in Java (1979), 115 

The Arab Association Singapore [Al Wehdah Al Arabiah Bi Singhafura] (2009), 592 

288

Arab bankers gather for seminar (1982), 837 

�� 103 

Arab citizens (1946), 203 

Arab Club (1937), 593 

Arab Club meeting (1903), 589 

Arab Club - Proceedings follow an alleged dismissal (1907), 594 

The Arab community (1973), 419 

Arab community against the tax (1940), 205 

Arab community asks for a seat (1939), 227 

Arab community: Representation on Municipal Commission (1937), 244 

Arab community wants Municipal Commissioner (1937), 226 

Arab contribution to crushing forces of Fascism (1946), 211 

The Arab dhow trade in the Indian Ocean: Preliminary report (1976), 105 

The Arab dilemma (1992), 270 

Arab document in tin box: Alsagoff estate case (1929), 1157 

Arab donations to Patriotic Fund (1939), 595 

Arab double wedding: Well-known local families (1941), 1070 

�� 849 

Arab gift to Dr. Soekarno (1949), 596 

Arab Hadhramis in Malaysia: Their origins and assimilation in Malay society (2009), 402 

The Arab identity: Dilemma or non-issue? (1996), 263 

Arab-Jewish dispute (1936), 379 

Arab king’s gift to Malaya (1948), 597 

Arab landowners in Batavia/Jakarta (1996), 415 

Arab leader honoured (1947), 891 

Arab leader in colony (1949), 598 

Arab leaving on world tour (1938), 484 

Arab loyalty and cooperation (1930), 309 

Arab merchants in Singapore: Attempt of a collective biography (2002), 992 

Arab migrants and Islamization in the Malay world during the colonial period (2001), 187 

�� 127 

Arab millionaire’s daughter weds (1937), 1071 

�� 106 

The Arab networks in Southeast Asia: The case of Penang (2005), 407 

�� 486 

289

Title Index 

The Arab periodicals of the Netherlands East Indies, 1914-1942 (1996), 499 

The Arab pioneers of Singapore – The Alsagoff family (1959), 981 

The Arab population of Singapore, 1819-1959 (1963), 382 

The Arab presence in Southeast Asia: Some introductory remarks (2002), 124 

An Arab printer in Surabaya in 1853 (1993), 496 

Arab trade with Indonesia and the Malay Peninsula from the 8th to the 16th century (1970), 67 

Arab traders and land settlers in the Geser-Gorom Archipelago (1996), 413 

Arab Union (1949), 599 

�� 600 

“Arab Union” proposed (1940), 601 

Arab Union to be formed here (1940), 602 

Arab will contested (1949), 1197 

Arab women in Singapore: Ethnic consciousness and boundary maintenance (1999), 577 

An Arab writer praised (1939), 269 

Arabia and the isles (1997), 11 

Arabian and other essays (1998), 24 

Arabian seafarers in the Indian Ocean (1989), 107 

Arabian Sultan to copy Malaya (1959), 65 

Arabic broadcasts from Singapore (1940), 485 

Arabic cuisine (1997), 745 

An Arabic-English dictionary on a new system (1890), 561 

Arabic loan-words in Malay: A comparative study (1979), 553 

�� 873 

Arabic Social Club (1933), 603 

�� 204 

Arabic works relating to South-East Asia (1956), 156 

Arabo-Persian sources for the history of the Malay Peninsula in ancient times (1962), 158 

�� 913 

The Arabs and the eastern trade (1949), 128 

The Arabs and the nation-state in Southeast Asia – Part 1 (1997), 130 





Arabs “distinct from Malays” (1992), 278 

290

The Arab’s economic roles of the Arab community in Maluku, 1816 to 1940 (1998), 412 

Arabs here urged to work with fellow Muslims (1991), 375 

The Arabs in Indonesia (1953), 423 

�� 411 

Arabs in Malaya (1961), 157 

The Arabs in Penang (1978), 403 

The Arabs in Singapore (1959), 385; (1996), 386 

Arabs in Singapore: A vision for the future (1992), 399 

The Arabs in Southeast Asia: A preliminary overview (1996), 129 

�� 381 

Arabs raise $11,304 for hurricane fund (1941), 66 

�� 984 

Architect’s claim: J. B. Westerhout and Alkaff and Co. (1931), 1096 

Architect’s claim: Judgement on Westerhout-Alkaff case (1931), 1097 

�� 34 

The art of Cirebon and the image of the ascetic in early Javanese Islam (2006), 804 

An artist visits old Penang (1949), 777 

Asimilasi golongan etnis Arab: Suatu studi lapangan di Kelurahan Ampel Surabaya (1982), 420 

�� 369 

Aspiring for Islamic reform: Southeast Asian requests for fatwas in al-Manar (2005), 345 

Asyraf Hadhramaut dan peranan mereka dalam menyebarkan Islam di Asia Tenggara (1996), 167 

Atjeh, the Netherlands and Britain 1858-1898 (1969), 296 

�� 25 

Ayah Dato’ Syed Esa meninggal (1963), 1009 

�� 2 

Badan2 Islam S’pura dibela (1960), 604 

Bahasa Arab dan anda? (1986), 563 

Bahasa Arab untuk bakal pelajar Aljunied (1981), 656 

�� 443 

Ballerina (1949), 987 

Bank Islam derma $1.1 juta untuk Madrasah Alsagoff (1990), 657 

Baseless and ridiculous (1992), 272 

Beach Road housing contract (1929), 1098 

Before parochialization: Diasporic Arabs cast in creole waters (2002), 572 

Bekas pelajar Aljunied, ka-Hadramaut melanjutkan pelajaran (1970), 658 

291

Title Index 

Bentok sa-mula masharakat Islam: Al-Attas (1971), 445 

Berhaji di masa kolonial (2008), 823 

Berita ura2 penubohan Persatuan Syed2 Singapura disangkal dgn keras (1961), 607 

�� 504 

Bichara gadis Arab (1959), 1115 

Big estate appeal: A reversal of Justice Sproule’s judgment (1923), 1158 

A big estate: Charitable trust and diversion to Singapore (1922), 1198 

Big property sale (1928), 1159 

Biro perjalanan haji di Indonesia masa kolonial: Agen Herklots dan Firma Alsegoff & Co (2001), 817 

�� 530 

Bolasepak tentera piala Alsagoff (1967), 749 

Boosting links, “software” to rekindle Arab ties (2007), 96 

British policy towards Islam in the Straits Settlements (1867-1941) (1982), 318 

Brothers to marry in same week (1953), 1072 

B’ton Melayu Malaya ka-Bangkok (1961), 750 

Budaya Arab terpancar dengan penuh meriah (1986), 582 

A building case (1903), 1091 

Bukti ketinggian intelek Melayu (1988), 460 

Bulan sabit: Bab lapan (2006), 169 

Bussorah Street “kembali bernyawa” (1990), 774 

C. Snouck Hurgronje: Politik Belanda terhadap Islam dan keturunan Arab (1984), 304 

Cabaran di hari muka (1986), 567 

Cape to Siberia: The Indian Ocean and China Sea trade in equids (2004), 842 

�� 858 

[Case of Syed Mohamed bin Ally Al Junied] (1861), 1116 

A Caucasian Chinese (1992), 266 

Ceramah Al-Atas (1968), 446 

Chair for Islamic studies urged (1949), 659 

�� 225 

Changi to Tuas in 18-hour marathon walk (1960), 608 

Changing patterns of Hadhrami migration and social integration in East Africa (1997), 432 

Chinese New Year scenes (1936), 775 

Christian Snouck Hurgronje and the foundation of Dutch Islamic policy in Indonesia (1958), 312 

Cita-cita jadi boss (1987), 836 

Citysights: Under the moonlight: Alkaff Mansion (1990), 789 

292

Colonial fears, 1890-1918: Pan-Islamism and the Germano-Indian plot (2002), 285 

Colony cavalcade (1936), 776 

The coming of Islam to North Sumatra (1963), 179 

�� 217 

A concise dictionary of Islamic terms (2000), 560 

Conclusion: The diaspora since the age of independence (1997), 117 

�� 293 

�� 736 

Conrad and the S. S. Vidar (1963), 864 

�� 72 

Contemporary manifestations of Yemeni-derived song and dance in Indonesia (1995), 512 

�� 335 

The control of polygamy (1964), 1124 

Co-operation in religion (1949), 213 

�� 165 

Court of Appeal: The Alkaff will case still continues (1922), 1160 

Court of Appeal: The Alkaff will dispute still proceeding (1922), 1161 

Court was reserved for him (1953), 1162 

�� 566 

Crescent moon: Afterword (2006), 170 

The cult of the saints and religious reformism in Hadhramaut (1997), 737 

Daftar katalog pameran arsip Indonesia-Yemen (2003), 812 

Dari Harvard hingga Makkah (2005), 894 

Dasar langkah tari zapin Riau dan sekelumit pengembangannya (2000), 544 

Datin Sharifah Alawiah meninggal (1961), 1010 

Dato Alkaff meninggal kerana sakit jantong (1971), 1011 

Dato Syed Ahmad meninggal sa-chara mengejut (1965), 1012 

Dato Syed Alkaff dies of heart attack at 69 (1971), 1013 

Death dues (1927), 1199 

Death [Obituary] (1925), 1014; (1956), 1015 

Death of Datin Sharifah (1961), 1016 

Death of Syed Ali Alsagoff (1923), 1017 

[Death of Syed Sheik Abdulrahman bin Abdulrahman Alkaff] (1910), 1018 

Death [of Turkish Consul General] (1903), 1019 

Death of well-known Arab resident (1941), 1020 

293

Title Index 

Deaths [Obituary] (1922), 1021 

The decline of Arab capitalism in Southeast Asia (2009), 860 

�� 490 

Delapan tokoh ilmuwan Belanda bagi pengkajian Islam Indonesia (1995), 336 

Derita puteri-puteri nabi: Studi historis kafa’ah syarifah (2000), 112 

Derma mata: Perbahasan antara MUIS dgn Dr. Syed Hussein Alatas dlm bentuk buku (1974), 452 

Derma sekolah Al-Mashoor (1957), 660 

�� 367 

A dictionary of modern written Arabic (1966), 562 

�� 116 

Discord and solidarity among the Arabs in the Netherlands East Indies, 1900-1942 (1993), 123 

�� 280 

[Dispute over the sale of a property at High Street] (1922), 1163 

Disputed Arab letter: Argument in Alsagoff litigation (1929), 1200 

Disputes end in friendship: Arabs and British, Anglo-Egyptian Treaty (1936), 214 

Dissenting justice’s views (1922), 1113 

A divided minority: The Arabs of Batavia (2000), 418 

�� 467 

Do more, Mattar tells young Arabs (1995), 609 

“Doktor” yang sibuk terbang ke sana sini (1986), 937 

Don’t just send a telex, go there (1982), 844 

Double Mohammedan wedding (1923), 1074 

Dua guru mula susun buku teks agama (1983), 661 

Dutch colonial policy pertaining to Hadhrami immigrants (1997), 314 

Dutch policy against Islam and Indonesians of Arab descent in Indonesia (1994), 305 

�� 571 

The earliest centre of Islamic studies in the Malay world (1986), 350 

Early Muslim traders in South-East Asia (1957), 102 

The early ruler of Perak, Pahang and Aceh (1932), 977 

Eastern bank’s business link (1955), 68 

�� 79 

�� 427 

Editor attacked for opinions: Articles which annoyed section of readers (1933), 491 

�� 356 

Ekonomi orang Arab di Johor (1862-1942) (1999), 406 

294

Elias’ modern dictionary, English-Arabic (1929), 557 

Empire through diasporic eyes: A view from the other boat (2004), 121 

Ensiklopedia sejarah dan kebudayaan Melayu (1999-), 898 

Enter the bride in 50-year-old Arab attire (1969), 1075 

The enterprising Alsagoffs of Singapore: Men of property (1992), 1004 

�� 1122 

Entrepreneurial strategies of Hadhrami Arabs in Southeast Asia, c. 1750s-1950s (2009), 843 

Envoy heads religious council in Republic (1966), 899 

Estate claim (1923), 1164 

Estranged from the ideal past: Historical evolution of madrassahs in Singapore (2005), 650 

Ethnic entrepreneurship: Towards an ecological perspective (2000), 848 

Ethnic musical instruments of Malaysia (2006), 525 

Ethnic networking: Whiter the Arabs? (1997), 835 

Evidence in Alsagoff estate case (1928), 1165 

�� 900 

�� 8 

Expedition into South Arabia (1947), 52 

Exploiting the landlord (1950), 1166 

�� 916 

�� 529 

Falsafah seni persembahan Melayu di sebalik tarian zapin (2001), 531 

Falsafah Syed Alwi mengenai kejayaan (1986), 901 

Falsafah tari Jepin di Kalimantan Barat (2000), 524, 546 

�� 547 

�� 1022 

�� 662 

�� 36 

Filsafat dan praktik pendidikan Islam Syed M. Naquib Al-Attas (2003), 923 

�� 663 

�� 78 

Foreword (2009), 120 

Forgery defence in Alsagoff case (1928), 1201 

Forging a modern Arab identity in Java in the early twentieth century (2002), 383 

Former recording artiste turns to religion (1978), 902 

Freedom of choice and the Muslim law (1957), 1129 

295

Title Index 

From Aden Protectorate (1939), 71 

�� 145 

From the Mohammedan Advisory Board to the Muslim Advisory Board (2007), 275 

From the Red Sea (1939), 313 

Gabnor P. Pinang meninggal dunia (1969), 1023 

�� 518; (2008), 520 

GCE aliran agama dan secular di Alsagoff (1986), 664 

Genealogy, diaspora and social environment (2005), 73 

A general survey of Muslim religious schools in Malaya (1957), 705 

General will of Muslims (1957), 1195 

Genuine Islam: New journal for local Muslims (1936), 492 

Gerakan Syed merebak (1960), 610 

Geschiedenis van Nederlandsch Indië: Deel 1 (1938), 337 

Ghafar cabar Syed Hussein datang tanding di-Melaka (1969), 215 

Ghazal (1978), 533 

Ghazal in Arabic literature and Malay music (1971), 510 

The ghazal in Malay music (1976), 516 

Going on show: The green bag that once held keys to Mecca’s holy shrine (1970), 813 

Governor named in suit (1957), 1167 

Govt to buy all Alsagoff estate land in Geylang (1971), 1168 

Grand old lady meets the Dame at birthday bash (1997), 993 

The grand saint of Singapore: The life of Habib Nuh bin Muhammad Al-Habshi (2008), 946 

The graves of Tarim: Genealogy and mobility across the Indian Ocean (2006), 122 

Guidance into modernities: Indonesia’s Al-Irsyad in colonial times and in the present (2005), 360 

Guru besar Aljunied meninggal (1962), 1024 

Habib Abdur-Rahman az-Zahir (1833-1896) (1972), 936 

Habib Segaff harap dapat berdialog dengan MUIS (1988), 219 

Habib Segaff: Malaysia akan siasat (1988), 216 

The Haddj: Some of its features and functions in Indonesia (1962), 831 

Hadhramaut (1997), 37 

Hadhramaut: A journey to the Sei’ar country and through the Wadi Maseila (1936), 43 

�� 69 

�� 114 

Hadhramaut and the Hadhrami diaspora: Problems in theoretical history (1997), 141 

�� 61 

296

Hadhramaut: Encountering the familiar in a far away place (2010), 49 

The Hadhramaut in time of war (1945), 12 

The Hadhramaut: Present and future (1938), 44 

The Hadhramaut Saiyids of Perak and Siak (1918), 976 

Hadhramaut: Some of its mysteries unveiled (1932), 81 

�� 840 

Hadhrami diaspora (1996), 109 

Hadhrami identity and the future of Arabs in Singapore (1996), 371 

Hadhrami migration in the 19th and 20th centuries (1999), 118 

�� 3 

The Hadhrami role in the politics and society of colonial India, 1750s-1950s (1997), 430 

�� 339 

�� 74 

Hadhramis in international politics c. 1750-1967 (1997), 5 

�� 230 

Hadhramis within Malay activism: The role of al-Saqqaf(s) in post-war Singapore (2009), 260 

�� 872 

Hadramaut Arabs: Singapore writer answered: Muslim wakaffs (1939), 241 

Hadramaut Arabs: The community in Singapore: Some suggestions (1939), 255 

�� 428 

�� 46 

�� 7 

Hadrami-Arabic press in Southeast Asia: A historical survey (2005), 493 

�� 417 

�� 340 

�� 354 

Hadrami entrepreneurs in the Malay world, c. 1750 to c. 1940 (1997), 191 

The Hadrami network (1988), 87; (2000), 136 

Hadrami network and the British: A case of the 1910-1920’s (2000), 310 

�� 893 

A Hadrami scholar in the Malay-Indonesian diaspora: Sayyid Uthman (2006), 895 

Hadramis across three shores: Malacca Straits, Arabian Sea and Red Sea (2005), 75 

Hadramis in Hyderabad: From winners to losers (2007), 434 

Hadramis in Singapore (1995), 397; (1997), 398 

Hadrami’s networking: Salvage of the homeland (2005), 85 

297

Title Index 

Hadramis who have migrated to Malaya (1935), 110 

�� 665 

The haj and Singapore: A historical and biographical study of its effects (1988), 822 

The Hajj, Islam, and power among Bugis in early colonial Riau (2009), 818 

�� 886 

Harta Alsagoff: Pertelingkahan selesai (1984), 1169 

Hasil saranan Siddique (1987), 448 

Haul Sheikh Omar Alkhatib (1998), 906 

He learned English in six years (1936), 907 

He wants houses closed (1953), 1170 

�� 470 

Hikayat taman cinta berahi atau mahir Affandi dengan Iqbal Hanum (1928), 471 

Hilanglah sikap dangkal perasaan (1986), 449 

Historians and historiography of Hadramawt (1962), 54, 154 

History and the indigenization of the Arabs in Kedah, Malaysia (2004), 408; (2005), 409 

The history of Hadhrami migration to Southeast Asia: The case of the Al-‘Attas family (2005), 985 

Honour for 2 at Johore (1952), 218 

�� 380 

�� 841 

Hussein akan kembali bertugas sebagai jurulatih kebangsaan lepas Hari Raya (1976), 767 

Hussein Aljunied rasmi jadi jurulatih bolasepak Melayu S’pura (1974), 757 

Hybridity and the “Hadhrami diaspora” in the Indian Ocean Muslim networks (2004), 570 

Hyder capai kejayaan berkat kerja keras (1981), 909 

Ibadah haji: Beberapa ciri dan fungsinya di Indonesia (1997), 832 

Ibn Sina perkaya dua bidang ilmu (1987), 440 

Ibnu Khaldun: Failasuf Islam, sarjana yg banyak jasa-nya (1964), 910 

Ibunda Syed Omar meninggal dunia (1968), 1025 

�� 494 

�� 495 

If Muslims are unanimous then why compel? (1957), 1203 

�� 1026 

�� 1027; (1933), 1028, 1029; (1937), 1030, 1931; (1939), 1032; (1940), 

1033 

The impact of remittances on the economy of Hadhramaut, 1914-1967 (1997), 14 

�� 77 

298

An important land sale (1907), 1171 

Impressions of Yemen (1997), 50 

In memoriam: Sayyid Abubakr bin Shaikh Al-Kaff KBE (2003), 897 

In search of identity: The Hadhrami Arabs in pre- and post-war Indonesia (2005), 574 

�� 523 

�� 70 

�� 958 

Indonesia in modern world (1954-1956), 424 

The Indonesian Arabs (1955), 425 

�� 297 

Indonesian Hadhramis and the Hadhramaut: An old diaspora and its new connections (2005), 421 

“Ingrams peace”, Hadramawt, 1937-40: Some contemporary documents (2002), 16 

Inheritance bill has support of Muslims (1957), 1194 

Inheritance law and Muslim business (1957), 1193 

�� 1034 

�� 505 

Insanitary Singapore (1910), 779 

Inscriptions Islamiques en arabe de l’archipel des Maldives (2005), 184 

�� 676 

The institution of debt-slavery in Perak (1983), 865 

International Muslim networks and Islam in Singapore (1990), 362 

Introduction (2004), 151; (2007), 146 

Islam and Islamic institutions in British Malaya: Policies and implementation (1979), 325 

Islam and the “Arab network” in early modern history (2005), 347 

�� 166 

Islam dan keturunan Arab: Dalam pemberontakan melawan Belanda (1996), 306 

�� 378 

Islam in Southeast Asia: Problem of perspective (1976), 147 

�� 181 

Islam in the Malay World: An exploratory survey with some reference to Quranic exegesis (1984), 182 

Islam, memory, and morality in Yemen: Ruling families in transition (2005), 19 

Islam sebahagian dari identiti orang Melayu (1987), 450 

Islamic art & civilisation in Southeast Asia (2006), 171 

Islamic ceramics of Southeast Asia (2006), 809 

�� 859 

299

Title Index 

Islamic manuscript art of Southeast Asia (2006), 802 

Islamic modernism in colonial Java: The Al-Irshãd movement (1997), 353 

Islamic modernism in Malaya: The life and thought of Sayid Syekh Al-Hadi 1867-1934 (1994), 349 

Istiadat purba dlm majlis perkahwinan Sharifah Salwa (1962), 1076 

Jamiat Kheir: Mengangkat martabat bangsa (2006), 587 

�� 611 

Jangan kerja sa-tengah hari dalam bulan puasa, kata Alatas (1970), 451 

�� 359 

Jill of all jobs - Becomes a PRO (1973), 912 

J-kuasa khas membina semula Aljunied (1969), 666 

J-kuasa selaras usaha pastikan Aljunied dpt kerja disaran (1977), 696 

Johore Mufti (1933), 220 

Journeys of faith: Haj pilgrimage in the Malay Archipelago before the 20th century (2006), 827 

Kaaba tapestry: Syed Ibrahim’s gift to Museum (1935), 815 

Kaabah tapestry: Syed Ibrahim Alsagoff replies (1935), 811 

�� 801 

�� 552 

Kamus 3 bahasa 1: English, Malay, Arabic (19--), 559 

Kaset syarahan Habib Segaff masih lagi dijual (1988), 221 

�� 462 

Kegiatan keluarga Alsagoff dalam ekonomi negeri Johor 1878-1906 (1979), 1002 

Kelantan: Islamic legal history before 1909 (1980), 1090 

Kemajuan sains diselewengkan (1986), 437 

�� 800 

Kerajaan Aceh: Jaman Sultan Iskandar Muda, 1607-1636 (1991), 291 

Keramat in Singapore in the mid-twentieth century (2003), 739 

Kesatuan Syed rugi kerana kesulitan permit (1961), 612 

Kesenian Cirebon dan citra pertapa pada Islam Jawa awal (2006), 805 

Kesenian Melayu: Tinjauan pelbagai dimensi dalam pengucapan kreatif (2006), 808 

Ketakutan penjajah, 1890-1918: Pan Islamisme dan persekongkolan Jerman-India (2003), 286 

Ketika ijab dan kabul di-lafazkan, sa-bagai tanda kaseh di-rasmikan (1962), 1077 

Ketua Jami’ah sa-lama 28 tahun harus di-pechat kerana disiplin (1962), 613 

�� 308 

King Faisal’s $129,000 gift to build Muslim hall in S’pore (1965), 290 

King Faisal’s gift to mosque (1968), 722 

300

�� 926 

�� 489 

�� 986 

�� 794 

Konsep kedai terbuka bawa ganjaran bagi Sheh (1987), 846 

Kumpulan karangan Snouck Hurgronje (1995), 333, 334 

Kursus guru2 madrasah: MUIS disaran anjurkan lagi (1982), 667 

Land acquisition bungled Arab lifestyle (1998), 1185 

A land case (1913), 1172 

�� 365 

Landlord may have to vacate Siglap house (1941), 1173 

Landlords and new ordinance - Important test case - Use of a Fraser Street house (1931), 1100 

Larangan ka-atas S. Hussein sa-laku pengerusi (1971), 222 

The late Syed Alsagoff: Administration of the estate of the deceased (1908), 1174 

The late Syed Md. Alsagoff: Impressive sight at Mohammedan funeral (1906), 1035 

Late Syed Omar Alsagoff (1927), 1036 

Leaders of business in Malaya (1953), 917 

Leaders of Malaya and who’s who 1956-1959/60 (195-), 927 

Leading Arabs: Syed I. Alsagoff’s services to the community (1939), 212 

Le communaute arabe de Pekalongan (1985), 426 

The legacy of Tengku Syed Hussain (1990), 970 

�� 862 

The legal position of the Muslims in Singapore I (1963), 1092 

The legal position of the Muslims in Singapore II (1963), 1107 

The legal position of the Muslims in Singapore III (1964), 1130 

The legal position of the Muslims in Singapore IV (1964), 1190 

The legal status of Muslims in Singapore (1965), 1094 

L’énigmatique inscription musulmane du maqâm de Kediri (Xe s. H./ XVIe s. E.C.) (2003), 735 

�� 326 

Le Perse et le Monde malais: Échanges commerciaux et intellectuels (2004), 197 

�� 159 

Les réseaux marchands arabes et Swahili en Afrique orientale (1988), 429 

The life of my father (1999), 888 

�� 405 

The linguistics of loanwords in Hadrami Arabic (2006), 551 

301

Title Index 

Lisa, 19, kahwin (1959), 1078 

Literature - Ode to a Wadi, a great Wadi (1999), 473 

Local Arab leader’s tribute to Britain (1936), 918 

Local Arab spokesmen (1939), 256 

Local Arabs and income tax (1940), 223 

Local Arabs want seat on Municipal Commission (1940), 228 

A long history of shared interests (2007), 377 

�� 991 

Loss to Singapore Arab community (1931), 1037 

Lovely homes of Jewish and Arab leaders - The Meyers and the Alkaffs (1934), 782 

M. Asad Shahab: A portrait of an Indonesian Hadrami who bridged the two worlds (2009), 870 

Ma’aroff memimpin kaum Arab (1969), 614 

Madd Al-Qamus: An Arabic-English lexicon (1985), 558 

Madrasah Al-Attas Alarabiah Johor (1996-), 668 

�� 669 

Madrasah Aljunied akan minta pengesahan (1971), 672 

Madrasah Aljunied perlu 10 lagi guru (1990), 673 

Madrasah Aljunied seru ibu bapa murid (1980), 674 

�� 675 

Madrasah Alsagoff akan bina bangunan tambahan (1987), 678 

Madrasah Alsagoff anjur kursus komputer (1989), 679 

Madrasah Alsagoff anjur pasar malam (1990), 680 

Madrasah Alsagoff maju ka-muka (1961), 681 

Madrasah Alsagoff perlu lagi $1/2 juta bagi mula ubahelok (1989), 682 

Madrasah Alsagoff rancang perluasan (1986), 683 

Madrasah Alsagoff sentiasa menghadapi perubahan, genap berumor 60 tahun (1971), 684 

Mahrajan ke-60: Madrasah Aljunied Al-Islamiyah, 1927-1987 (1987), 671 

Mainly about Malayans: From Arabia (1939), 80 

Mainly about Malayans: Hadhramaut honour (1938), 919 

Mainly about Malayans: Leading scouter (1937), 920 

Mainly about Malayans: The Arabs in Singapore (1932), 254 

Maju-mundur Madrasah Aljunied terletak di tangan penguasa (1977), 714 

Malacca ruler’s dreams came true: How Islam came to Malaysia (1949), 185 

Malay Arts: A perspective on the dimensions of creative expression (2006), 807 

Malay documents in the Melaka records in the British Library (2006), 1202 

302

Malay Island sports (1926), 752 

Malay nationalism and racialism: Recent trends and cleavages in Singapore (1939), 267 

The Malay press (1963), 501 

Malayan club activities: Success of weight lifting (1935), 753 

�� 845 

The Malayo Muslim world of Singapore at the close of the nineteenth century (1964), 392 

Malays, Syeds and landownership (1956), 262 

A Malaysian notebook (1952), 138 

Malaysian weapons in Arabic literature: A glimpse of early trade in the Indian Ocean (1964), 97 

Ma’mal sains yang lengkap untok Aljunied (1970), 685 

Mappila Muslims and the cultural content of trading Arab diaspora on the Malabar coast (2007), 433 

Maria Hertogh’s marriage: A Muslim view (1950), 1109 

�� 869 

�� 416 

Masjid Alkaff kekal nama di Bedok Reservoir (1989), 784 

Masjid Alkaff masih jadi kunjungan orang ramai (1985), 723 

Masjid Alkaff rayu lagi (1987), 724 

Masjid Mattar mungkin akan di-besarkan (1972), 721 

Masjid Mattar Road perlu di-luas (1971), 725 

Masjid Sultan giat atur projek kumpul dana (1990), 734 

Masyarakat Kabul di daerah Besut, Terengganu (1985), 200 

Masyarakat keturunan Arab di kota Pekalongan (1977), 410 

Materials for South Arabian history (1950), 152, 153 

�� 825 

Mecca pilgrimage may be resumed (1946), 824 

�� 329 

Melayu tiada contoh untuk jadi ukuran (1980), 453 

Melayu yang keturunan Arab meminta hak yg sama (1966), 271 

Mempertaruhkan jiwa dan harta jemaah haji dari Hindia Belanda pada abad ke-19 (1997), 833 

Mencari ilmu dan pahala di Tanah Suci orang Nusantara naik Haji (1997), 819 

�� 224, 568 

Mengapa dan siapa-kah membawa Islam ka-mari? (1965), 186 

Mengarungi Indonesia: Memoar perintis kemerdekaan Mr Hamid Algadri (1999), 878 

Mengenai pengaruh tatakalimat Arab terhadap tatakalimat Melayu (1977), 564 

Mengenal pengasas Madrasah Al-Maarif Al-Islamiah (1987), 677 

303

Title Index 

Mengenang Alm. Ustadz Hadi bin Said bin Ahmad Jawas (2006), 921 

Menteri yang menentang Mahathir elok letak jawatan: Profesor Alatas (1987), 229 

�� 839 

Message from Mr. Ahmad Omar Bagharib Hon. Secretary (1976), 605 

Message from Vice-President II (1976), 606 

�� 357 

�� 355 

Middle Eastern entrepreneurs in Southeast Asia, c. 1750-c.1940 (2005), 192 

The migration of lute-type instruments to the Malay Muslim world. (2007), 519 

�� 989 

�� 82 

The modern Arab in Singapore: Community leaders (1939), 242 

Mohammedan marriages (1922), 1126 

Monuments: The Alsagoff family (2003), 995 

More colony trade with Middle East sought (1956), 850 

More time needed: Magistrate (1953), 1177 

Moslem Association - Farewell party by Bombay community (1921), 615 

Moslem hospital for Singapore (1937), 616 

Mosque in Alkaff Gardens: Appeal Court dispute (1932), 1101 

A mosque of Arab origin in Singapore: History, functions and networks (1997), 720 

�� 111 

�� 468 

Move to promote welfare of local Muslims (1937), 231 

Mr. Alsagoff backs up the sub-tenants (1950), 1149 

Mr. Alsagoff on the Laycock Bill (1950), 1110 

Mr. S. A. Alkaff: Departure from Singapore for Arabia. (1931), 83 

Mr. S. M. A. Alsagoff married (1935), 1079 

�� 928 

�� 814 

MTFA 80th anniversary: 80 years of welfare service, 1904-1984 (1984), 619 

Mufti gariskan t-jawab pentadbir2 masjid (1985), 726 

�� 41 

Multi-million dollar trust planned by Muslims (1952), 617 

Municipality liable for damages (1932), 1175 

Munshi Abdullah’s Arab teachers (1990), 363 

304

Murder as an aid to social history: The Arabs in Singapore in the early twentieth century (2002), 393 

Murid Madrasah Alsagoff dapat makmal bahasa (1984), 686 

�� 513 

Musjid Sultan fund (1924), 727; (1926), 728 

The Muslim College awaits professors (1954), 687 

Muslim College opens at Klang (1955), 688 

Muslim drive for college funds (1951), 689 

Muslim Gurus’ Association - Financial aid for Islamic schools (1941), 692 

Muslim in the archipelago: Early relations with Arabia and beyond (2006), 284 

Muslim law of marriage: Syed Abdullah Al-Shatiri v Shariffa Salmah (1959), 1117 

Muslim lecturer: Plans for tour of Malaya (1935), 454 

Muslim marriages in Singapore (1964), 1123 

The Muslim matrimonial court in Singapore (1966), 1118 

Muslim Trust Fund’s good work (1946), 618 

Muslimin Trust (1949), 620 

�� 621 

�� 622 

Muslims and university (1949), 693 

Muslims told: Give - it’s a duty (1954), 694 

Mustahakkah semua alat2 badan mesti lengkap jika masuk ke kubur? (1973), 436 

Muzik pengiring tari Dana: Tautannya dengan perkembangan Muzik tradisional Jambi (2000), 549 

Muzik zapin: Pendekatan sebuah komposisi (2000), 538 

Myths about Arabs (1996), 565 

Nalar Arab dalam masyarakat Indonesia: Dulu, kini dan esok (2005), 414 

�� 332 

�� 541 

Natural leaders of native Muslims: Arab ethnicity and politics in Java under Dutch rule (1997), 575 

New battalion commander (1960), 929 

New Johore Mufti welcomed (1933), 232 

New light on the coming of Islam to Indonesia (1968), 174 

�� 1176 

New radio reply to Nazis: Arabic broadcasts from Singapore will begin to-morrow (1940), 500 

New Sultan Terengganu descendant of Sir Omar Aljunied (1998), 996 

Nine saints of Java (1996), 188 

Nineteenth century pan-Islam in Indonesia and Malaysia (1967), 295 

305

Title Index 

No intention to depict Arabs as Malays (1992), 261 

Non-Malay Muslims: “Melayu Jati” in Singapore (1939), 268 

�� 466 

Notes of the day: The Alkaffs (1939), 983 

Notes of the day: The Alsagoff case (1929), 1178 

Notes on Haji labour in early Singapore (1982), 866 

Notes on the Hadhramaut (1931), 126 

Notes on the Kathiri State of Hadhramaut (1953), 89 

Notes on various theories regarding the Islamization of the Malay Archipelago (1985), 161 

Notice of appointment (1924), 851 

�� 28 

Old mosques dating back to early Singapore (1982), 733 

�� 48 

Omar Kampong Malacca Mosque (2003), 729 

On the edge of empire: Hadhramawt, emigration, and the Indian Ocean, 1880s-1930s (2002), 113 

On the need for a study of Malaysia Islamization (1963), 162 

One hundred twenty Arab family clans in Singapore (1998), 997 

Oral history interview with Aljunied, Sharifah Noor bte Abdul Rahman (1983?), 388 

Oral history interview with Aljunied, Syed Hussain bin Abdul Gadir (1983?), 389 

Oral history interview with Alsagoff, Syed Mohsen (Prof) (1983?), 998 

Oral history interview with Alwee Alkaff (1982), 931 

Oral history interview with Awad bin Diab (1983), 390 

Oral history interview with Ghazi bin Yamani Bajrai (1983?), 999 

Oral history interview with Jumabhoy, Rajabali (1981), 387 

Oral history interview with Syed Abdillah Aljufri (1983?), 697 

Oral history interview with Tan Sri Syed Esa Almenoar (1983), 932 

O-ramai dirayu bantu usaha utk kekalkan Madrasah Aljunied (1977), 695 

“Orang Melayu tidak malas” (1990), 459 

�� 330 

The origin of the Malay sha’ir (1968), 463 

The origins and contributions of early Arabs in Malaya (2009), 198 

�� 342 

The origins of Malay nationalism (1994), 274 

Our journey: 30 years of haj services in Singapore (2006), 821 

Out of the Hadhramaut (2003), 119 

306

The Oxford English-Arabic dictionary of current usage (1972), 556 

A page from the past (1996), 372 

Pakaian2 fesyen Timur Tengah mula diminati ramai mempelai (1982), 795 

�� 292 

�� 282 

Pan Islamisme abad kesembilan belas di Indonesia dan Malaysia (2003), 298 

Pan-Islamisme di antara Porte, Den Haag dan Buiten Zorg (2003), 300 

A partnership dispute (1916), 1102 

Patterns of Islamization in Malaysia, 1890s–1900s: Exemplars, institutions, and vectors (1998), 189 

Peace in the Hadhramaut (1938), 45 

Pelajar Aljunied nikmati peralatan baru (1988), 718 

Pelajar dan politik: Usah diperalat, Alatas beri ingat (1988), 455 

Pelajar2 harus punya konsep, kata pensyarah (1965), 456 

Pelakon S.M. Alkaff meninggal dunia (1987), 1038 

Pelan bangunan diubah (1987), 698 

Pembenaan sa-mula Madrasah Al-Junied: Sidang hari ini (1969), 699 

Pemikiran umat Islam di Nusantara: Sejarah dan perkembangannya hingga abad ke-19 (1990), 160 

Pendudok2 Alsagoff estate hendak bentok j-kuasa bertindak (1965), 1179 

Penerbit dan ketua pengarang Utusan di-dakwa (1972), 233 

Pengalaman jemaah Haji Indonesia (1997), 820 

Pengenalan kepada alat-alat muzik traditional Sabah (1992), 534 

Pengetua Madrasah Aljunied yg tetap dikenang (1977), 713 

Penjelasan tentang Dato Syed Ibrahim bin Omar Alsagoff (1963), 623 

Penuntut2 wanita di Aljunied bertambah (1974), 706 

Penyanyi Rudyin Al-Haj tubohkan sharikat (1971), 853 

Penyebaran Islam di Asia Tenggara: Asyraf Hadramaut dan peranannya (1996), 168 

�� 370 

People of early Singapore (1955), 934 

�� 99 

Perak lega apabila “hero” Syed Ahmad turun berlateh (1971), 751 

Peratoran baharu tentang nikah, cerai (1960), 1112 

Perayaan jubli emas sekolah ugama Aljunied (1927-1977): Cenderamata (1977), 670 

Perayaan kahwin di-raja di-mulai (1962), 1080 

Peribadi Melayu dan sisa2 penjajahan (1980), 447 

Persaingan di antara keluarga Sultan dengan keluarga Temenggung di Johor 1835-1885 (1984), 966 

307

Title Index 

Persamaan dan kaitannya zapin di Medan dan di Singapura (2001), 537 

Persatuan Arab kesal Mu’tamar Islam tidak jalankan kewajipan (1964), 624 

Persatuan Arab memileh anggota2 j-kuasa baru (1971), 625 

Persatuan Arab ubahelok rumah baru (1990), 626 

Persatuan Syed2 mungkin bubar: Ahli2 rasa bosan (1962), 627 

Persian and Turkish loan-words in Malay (1982), 554 

�� 465 

Persian merchants and missionaries in Medieval Malaya (1969), 193 

�� 744 

Pertandingan Syed Hashim, Jamal dijangka paling menarik (1974), 756 

Perutusan yang dipertua Alwehdah tahun 1974-1976 Syed Mohammad Alwi Aidid (1976), 584 

[Photograph of members of the Annujum Arabic Gambos Party of Singapore] (1940), 630 

[Photograph of the Arab Peranakan Club] (1935), 628 

�� 629 

[Photograph of the Muslim Jubilee sports committee members] (1935), 755 

�� 631 

�� 1081 

�� 319 

The pilgrim ships of Singapore (1988), 861 

Pilgrim ticket case (1910), 828 

The pioneering Aljunieds: Philanthropic calls (1992), 1005 

�� 4 

Political development in the Hadhramaut (1945), 9 

Port cities as nodal points of change: The Indian Ocean 1890s-1920s (2002), 98 

A portrait of Hadhramis in Singapore and the places they inhabit (2008), 373 

�� 1039 

Pre-Islamic Arabia and South East Asia (1956), 101 

�� 164 

�� 487 

Priceless heirlooms (1992), 1001 

�� 323 

Prof. Alatas dilantik Naib-Canselor UM (1988), 234 

Profesor seru diamal nilai2 kehidupan yg lebih kukuh (1982), 457 

Programme suggested Arabs belonged to Malay community (1992), 276 

Projek tambahan diterima pemerintah (1987), 700 

308

Projek terbesar Madrasah Alsagoff (1987), 701 

Property auction: The sale of Abdullah Alkaff’s estate (1923), 1180 

Property sale: Estate of Shaik Aboobakar Lajam deceased (1923), 1181 

Property sale: Syed Abdulrahman Alkaff’s estate (1923), 1182 

Pulau Bulang (1934), 1183 

Punyai sikap yg betul: Mattar (1982), 458 

Pusara Al-Junied - An old cemetery in bustling city (2006), 911 

Qishr (1997), 741 

�� 502 

Rahsia Syed Nasir menjadi kadhi (1969), 933 

Ramai pelawak di K.T’ganu tapi tak sama Syed Hussain (1970), 963 

Ranchang membina semula Madrasah Aljunied di-teruskan (1971), 702 

The rare gift and the key to opening the door of union (2007), 877 

Rasmi: Syed Isa jadi Setiausaha UMNO Singapura (1961), 236 

The real cry of Syed Shaykh Al-Hady (1999), 881 

Reconstruction of Malaysian history (1962), 142 

Records of Islam 1908-1972: British documentary sources (2004), 320 

�� 33 

Relief plan for Arabs (1948), 633 

Religious links between Hadhramaut and the Malay-Indonesian world, c. 1850-1950 (1997), 84 

Religious teaching: Proposed for Malay vernacular schools (1924), 703 

Religious training: Success of Singapore Muslims’ co-operation (1924), 704 

Remittances from labor migration: Evaluations, performance and implications (1989), 76 

Renungan (1986), 125 

�� 307 

Reverend shadows of holy images: Arabs of Burma (2005), 435 

�� 18 

�� 287 

�� 21 

�� 62 

�� 964 

Ringkasan Sejarah Hidup Habib Abdurrahman Al-Zahir (1985), 880 

The rise and fall of Hadhrami Arab shipping in the Indian Ocean, c1750-1940 (2002), 863 

Rocambole dalam bahasa Melayu: Satu kajian awal (2001), 478 

The role of Hadramis in Post-Second World War Singapore – A reinterpretation (2007), 259 

309

Title Index 

The role of the Hadramis in socio-political life of Indonesia (2005), 422 

�� 854 

Rugi $32,000 tak dapat halang Syed Hassan mencapai kejayaan (1973), 834 

Rulers and residents: British relations with the Aden Protectorate, 1937-1959 (1995), 321 

The rulers will get Egyptian emissary’s messages (1956), 299 

�� 237 

Sacred places: Keramats in Singapore (1985), 738 

The sada in history: A critical essay on Hadrami historiography (1999), 149 

�� 938 

�� 32 

The Saiyids of Hadramawt (1981), 86 

Sa-kalong bunga untok Sharifah Filem (1971), 852 

Salasilah Temenggung Johor: Satu penilaian (1983), 965 

Sambutan 80 tahun Madrasah Al-Attas Al-Arabiah Johor 1332-1412 Hijriah (1992), 707 

�� 498 

Sayid Abdul Rahman bin Sayid Muhammad (Tok Ku Paloh) (1984), 922 

�� 1040 

�� 316 

Sayyid Shaykh Ahmad Al-Hadi’s contributions to Islamic reformism in Malaya (2009), 348 

�� 351 

Sayyid ‘Uthmân on the legal validity of documentary evidence (1997), 315, 1099 

Sayyids of Hadhramaut in early modern India (2004), 431 

�� 331 

“Secrets” in tin boxes: How alleged Alsagoff codicil was found (1928), 1204 

Sejarah akan dirakamkan (1990), 770 

Sejarah Jamiat Kheir 1901, 1905, 1919 hingga sekarang (2008), 708 

Sejarah negeri dan raja-raja Perlis (1969), 968 

Sejarah orang Syed di Pahang (1984), 404 

Sejarah perkembangan tari dana di Propinsi Jambi (2000), 521 

Sejarah ringkas Masjid Sultan Singapura (1968), 730 

Sejarah surat-surat khabar Melayu (1967), 503 

Sejarah tari zapin dan perkembangannya di kerajaan Siak Sri Indrapura (2000), 522 

Sekolah Arab ubah system (1958), 709 

Sekolah “lebeh” berguna dari masjid (1959), 710 

Selamat Jalan Bapak Ali Alatas (2006), 1041 

310

Selangor Sultan marries a S’pore beauty (1961), 1073 

Selaras kurikulum didikan agama tugas Syed Abdillah (1989), 719 

Seni dan peradaban Islam di Asia Tenggara (2006), 172 

Seni naskhah Islam di Asia Tenggara (2006), 803 

Seni tari zapin tinjauan sejarah dan perkembangan pasang surutnya di Kalimantan Barat (2000), 535 

Sepaktakraw antara Regu Perisai Syed Agil Barakbah (1970), 746 

Sepintas lalu sejarah dan kegiatan Al Wehdah Al Arabiah (1976), 585 

Seri Paduka di-tabalkan (1961), 973 

Setiausaha baru MUIS (1987), 939 

Seventeen times to Mecca: Syed Alsagoff honoured by Singapore Muslims (1936), 829 

�� 1003 

�� 1042 

The Shariah Court of Singapore and its control of the divorce rate (1963), 1120 

The Shariah Court, Singapore (1963), 1121 

Sharifah Aini tidak dapat melupakan orang S’pura (1977), 874 

�� 925 

Siasatan ke atas Alatas selesai (1990), 238 

�� 903 

Signs the register (1950), 1082 

The Silver Jubilee - Meeting of local Arabs (1935), 580 

The Silver Jubilee: Muslim unity not attainable? (1935), 258 

�� 394 

The Singapore Arabs in transition (1986), 374 

The Singapore Arabs: Municipal petition recalled (1939), 239 

The Singapore Arabs of today (1997), 376 

Singapore Arabs’ search for identity leads them to their ancestral home (1995), 400 

Singapore Arabs: Some are Malays (1993), 265 

Singapore as a centre for Moslem work (1918), 401 

Singapore courts the Sheikhs (2007), 92 

Singapore estate of wealthy Muslim: Alkaff settlement case goes to Appeal Court (1939), 1184 

The Singapore Hadrami Arab identity (1996), 264 

Singapore Heritage (1985), 787 

The Singapore house 1819-1942 (1988), 781 

The Singapore men honoured (1953), 941 

Singapore revives old ties in Yemen (2007), 95 

311

Title Index 

Singkap: Islamisasi di Malaysia: Sumbangan Prof. Dr. Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas (2003), 882 

Sistem kekerabatan sebagai katalistor peran ulama keturunan Arab di Jakarta (2005), 358 

Six bitter years in the life of Tuan Syed Putra (1960), 967 

Skeleton report of the All Malaya Muslim Missionary Society Singapore (1936), 635 

The skeptic’s eye: Snouck Hurgronje and the politics of pilgrimage from the Indies (2009), 830 

�� 867 

Snouck Hurgronje and the study of Islam (1957), 327 

Soal UMNO dengan kawasan Alsagoff (1961), 243 

�� 442 

�� 88 

�� 847 

Society and trade in South Arabia (1996), 135 

Solicitor and client (1918), 1103 

Some Arabs here “losing their sense of identity” (1992), 578 

Some proposals of young Arabs “already adopted” (1992), 636 

Son of former Minister weds (1962), 1084 

Southeast Asia and the Middle East: Al-Manar and Islamic modernity (1998), 338 

Southeast Asia and the Middle East: Charting directions (2009), 93 

Southeast Asian debates and Middle Eastern inspiration (2009), 796 

Southern Arabia and the Islamicisation of the central Indian Ocean Archipelagoes (1981), 177 

The southern gates of Arabia: A journey in the Hadhramaut (1990), 58 

Spirit of Islam “can beat Reds” (1949), 711 

S’pore-born Arab is made K.B.E. (1953), 942 

S’pore double wedding (1951), 1083 

S’pore set to be major hub in region for Arabs (2008), 94 

S’pore to get Arab cultural heritage centre (2007), 641 

The status of Muslim women in family law in Malaysia and Brunei (1963), 1093 

�� 1108 

The status of Muslim women in family law in Singapore (1963), 1119 

STPB dijangka pelawa tender baiki Alkaff House bulan ini (1988), 788 

Strange stories about Keramat Sungei Udang (1960), 740 

�� 969 

�� 108 

Struktur rentak dan melodi zapin Sumatera Utara (2000), 515 

Studies in Arabian history and civilization (1981), 155 

312

Studies in Moro history, law and religion (1976), 972 

�� 144 

Studies on the South Arabian diaspora: Some critical remarks (1980), 139 

Subjects as consuls (1951), 235 

Sudden death of Dato Alsagoff (1965), 1043 

Sudut pandangan: Melayu versus Arab (1992), 257 

�� 176 

�� 988 

�� 183 

Sultan Abdullah Al-Kathiri of Hadramaut, Southern Arabia, who is visiting Singapore (1949), 91 

�� 17 

Sultan Mosque: Kampong Glam (1926), 731 

Sultans, shamans, and saints: Islam and Muslims in Southeast Asia (2007), 175 

The Suma Oriental of Tome Pires and the book of Francisco Rodrigues (1944), 173 

�� 472 

Sumbangan Madrasah Aljunied dipapar dlm u-tahun Jubli Emas (1976), 712 

A Sundanese in Indonesia: A note on Ahmad Muhammad Surkitti. (1992-1993), 930 

A survey of theories on the introduction of Islam in the Malay Archipelago” (1982), 180 

Sweetly, with love (1972), 1085 

Syaikh Ahmad Syurkati (1874-1943): Pembaharu & pemurni Islam di Indonesia (1999), 281 

Syarifah (1998), 469 

Syarikat hartanah akan baiki Alkaff Mansion (1989), 790 

Syed Abdillah dipinjam ke unit didikan agama (1989), 715 

Syed Abdullah Alsagoff dies of heart attack (1963), 1044 

Syed Abdullah Al-Shatiri v Shariffa Salmah (1959), 1127 

Syed Ahmad akan lawan Samsuddin (1986), 764 

Syed Ahmad antara 4 dipilih untuk B’ton Asia (1976), 766 

Syed Ahmad ketuai Melayu Singapura (1986), 754 

Syed Ahmad siap rebut gelaran badminton k’saan (1976), 763 

Syed Ahmad tunjuk handalnya lagi malam ini setelah “menghilang” diri (1975), 761 

Syed Ali anggota penasihat Arkib (1987), 245 

Syed Ali di-pileh Ketua B. Raya (1962), 947 

Syed Ali (Othello Melayu) Al-Attas meninggal dunia (1968), 1045 

Syed Ali Redha akan menarek diri dari penchalunan jawatan (1971), 246 

Syed Ali Redha jalani pembedahan lencongan (1987), 948 

313

Title Index 

Syed Ali sambut baik kelulusan rang undang2 Islam Singapura dalam tahun ini (1965), 1104 

Syed Ali: Saya berundor bukan kerana sengketa (1971), 247 

Syed Ali seronok bermain dengan ikan (1985), 949 

Syed Alwee, Muslim leader, dies in Singapore (1939), 1046 

Syed Alwi Al-Hady: Biographical outline and family tree (1999), 904 

Syed Esa jadi S-usaha Agong PKM (1967), 248 

�� 249 

Syed Esa Timbalan Speaker (1959), 250 

Syed Hashim menggondol tiga jenis gelaran (1975), 762 

Syed Hassan meninggal (1968), 1047 

Syed Hussein bukan lagi ahli Gerakan, kata Hakim (1971), 251 

Syed Hussein yakin harapannya cerah dalam Kejohanan B’ton Kebangsaan (1978), 758 

�� 1105 

Syed Jan meninggal (1965), 1048 

Syed Kadir dan Jeeris dijangka pertahan gelarannya dgn mudah (1974), 760 

Syed Kadir mungkin adakan pertunjokan di-Jakarta (1972), 765 

�� 950 

[Syed Mahomed (Mohamad) Alsagoff is awarded the First Class Majidi] (1889), 951 

Syed menyangkal Syed (1960), 576 

Syed Mutalib dalam pertimbangan Jita (1980), 759 

Syed Naguib keluar dari Gerakan (1969), 252 

Syed Naguib sambut chabaran berdebat dari s-usaha DAP (1968), 253 

Syed Noh sekarang mengubah chara hidup-nya (1971), 855 

Syed Omar Alsagoff - Funeral in Singapore on Monday afternoon (1927), 1049 

Syed Omar Alsagoff: Sudden death while visiting Java (1927), 1050 

Syed Omar Alsagoff’s tea party to celebrate Anglo-Egyptian Treaty (1936), 322 

Syed Omar bin Ali Al-junied – Merchant (1955), 935 

Syed Omar selamatkan nyawa saya, kata Tengku (1967), 952 

Syed Sha’ban bin Syed Ibrahim al-Kadri (1967), 915 

Syed Shaykh: A selection of his writings (1999), 461 

Syed Shaykh: His life and times (1999), 361 

Syed Shaykh: Through the prism of a child’s eyes and the Al-Hady clan (1999), 879 

Syed Sheikh Abdullah Maghribi: Pendidik dan kaum muda (1977), 924 

�� 475; (2003), 476 

Syed Sheikh Al-Hadi: Pembuka zaman baru dalam bidang novel (1974), 477 

314

Syed Sheikh Al-Hadi: Pemikirannya terhadap Islam dan perubahan (2003), 346 

Syed Sheikh Al-Hadi: Penggerak kebangkitan Melayu Abad ke-20 (2003), 871 

�� 971 

Syed Syeikh Al-Hadi: Sasterawan progresif Melayu (1992), 474 

Syed2 di-minta berpadu di-tengah2 masharakat (1961), 634 

Syeikh Suhaimi: Wali agung yang masih hidup (2009), 953 

�� 944 

�� 954 

T. F. Hwang takes you down memory lane (1977), 778 

Tahniah Sharifah Salmah kapada Sultan (1967), 1086 

�� 90, 137 

Takziah Dr Yeoh atas kepergian Syed Nasir Ismail (1982), 1051 

�� 23 

Tanam sikap baru (1987), 856 

�� 892 

�� 341 

Tarekat tasauf dalam masyarakat Islam di Malaysia (1994), 368 

Tari pergaulan bernafaskan Islam di Jambi (2000), 545 

Tari zapin dan perkembangannya di Deli Serdang (2000), 536 

Tari zapin Nusantara sejarah perkembangannya di Palembang (2000), 517 

Tarian jepin di Kalimantan Barat (2000), 509 

Tarian zapin di Sarawak (2000), 542 

�� 55 

�� 

�� 40, 994 

�� 364 

�� 20 

�� 384 

�� 343 

Tekun dan rajin bawa ganjaran kpd Syed Hyder (1982), 955 

Tembikar Islam di Asia Tenggara (2006), 810 

The Temengongs of Muar (1932), 978 

�� 956 

Textiles of Jambi (Sumatra) and the Indian Ocean trade (2005), 797 

Theoretical aspects of Southeast Asian history (1964), 143 

�� 826 

315

Title Index 

Tidak sangka rakam lagu (1986), 914 

Tokoh: Habib Hassan Al-Attas: Tokoh korporat dan pendidik Pahang (2003), 883 

Tokoh-tokoh agama di Brunei Darussalam: Pengenalan ringkas (1992), 940 

�� 199 

�� 104 

�� 194 

�� 195 

�� 196 

Tradisi dan innovasi tekstil Islam di Asia Tenggara (2006), 799 

Tradition and innovation in the Islamic textiles of Southeast Asia (2006), 798 

Traditional Malaysian music (2007), 526 

A traveller in thirteenth-century Arabia: Ibn Al-Mujawir’s Tarikh al-mustabsir (2008), 39 

The Travels of Ibn Battuta A.D. 1325-1354 (1999), 178 

Trengganu’s Sultan’s mother is an Alsagoff (1999), 974 

Tribes, government, and history in Yemen (1989), 35 

Tribute to late Syed Abdulrahman (1948), 1052 

Trustee denies he tried to save his own skin (1980), 1186 

Trustee’s plea for relief: Distribution of the Alsagoff Trust Funds (1934), 1187 

Tuan Syed Nasir: Tokoh bahasa kebangsaan Malaysia (1964), 959 

Tun Sharifah Rodziah aktif sa-mula dlm masharakat (1971), 961 

Tun Sharifah Rodziah dgn pingat-nya (1970), 960 

Tuntutan di-tolak kerana ulama “terlalu banyak” (1961), 1106 

Turki dan alam Melayu: Tinjauan terhadap sejarah hubungan keduanya (1987), 294 

Turkish Prince: Abdul Hamid’s grandson in Singapore (1933), 302 

�� 1006 

�� 506 

�� 482 

Two possible Middle Eastern pattern derivatives on Malay pillow plates (1988), 793 

Two wills: Judgement given in complicated case (1926), 1205 

Udara sedeh pilu meliputi Pulau Pinang (1969), 1053 

�� 163 

Union denies charge (1952), 637 

Unsur-unsur kesenian Islam dalam ukiran kayu Kelantan (1989), 806 

Upachara gemilang di-dewan Tunku Abd. Rahman (1961), 975 

�� 905 

316

Usah hirau apa orang lain kata (1989), 638 

Usaha cari dana Alkaff jaya berkat kegigihan (1982), 732 

Usaha “hidupkan” seksi belia badan Arab (1986), 639 

An usurper of the Achehnese throne (1990), 289 

Vanising parkland at Alkaff “Gardens” (1964), 785 

Varsiti Kebangsaan berjaya tetapkan tarikh sa-benar Batu Bersurat (1971), 190 

�� 328 

�� 47 

�� 1056 

�� 1057-1058 

�� 1059 

�� 1054-1055 

�� 1060 

�� 1061 

�� 1062 

�� 1063 

Waited a week to see her husband (1950), 1087 

Wajah “baru” Alkaff Mansion didedah (1989), 791 

“Wakaf” lands (1935), 640 

“Wakaff” Trusts (1935), 581 

Walimah puteri di-Raja Perlis pada 18 Mei (1970), 1088 

�� 1089 

Walk-a-thon Alsagoff (1987), 716 

Wanita Arab juga ingin buang tudong muka (1962), 60 

Warith2 Alsagoff estet mempunyai renchana pembangunan sendiri (1964), 1188 

Warkah Al-Ikhlas 1818-1821 (1999), 311 

Warm Arab tribute to British Advisers (1941), 324 

�� 317 

Wawancara: Al-Khairaat dan pendidikan di Indonesia Timur (2008), 962 

Way to attract more Muslim talent (1993), 396 

We too are Malays, claim Syeds and Sheikhs (1956), 279 

Wealthy Muslim’s estate in Singapore (1939), 1189 

What is a Malay? Situational selection of ethnic identity in a plural society (1974), 273 

What Muslim voters should ask their candidates (1955), 206 

When a vintage Persian dictionary is Greek to a businessman (1973), 555 

317

Title Index 

Who are the Arabs? (with apologies to my bosom friend) (1996), 569 

Why they take exception to Jawi on clothes (1978), 792 

Will to be photographed (1908), 1206 

Wireless announcer alleges defamation: Court sequel to article in Arabic newspaper (1941), 507 

Women and men in Yemen: A statistical portrait (2002), 59 

Yemen (1999), 38; (2008), 57 

Yemen engraved: Illustrations by foreign travellers 1680 to 1903 (2006), 42 

The Yemen imams, rulers, and revolutions (1964), 10 

�� 15 

Yemen: The tortuous quest for unity, 1990-1994 (1996), 13 

Yemeni merchants and trade in Yemen, 13th-16th centuries (1988), 100 

Yemeni President visits Singapore (1999), 63 

�� 140 

Young Muslims: Physical and Literary Union (1932), 642 

Zapin asli Siak Sri Indrapura (2000), 548 

Zapin di Istana kerajaan pelalawan (2000), 514 

Zapin: Folk dance of the Malay world (1993), 528 

Zapin-gambus di Wilayah Kabupaten Deli-Serdang, Sumatera Utara (2000), 543 

�� 527; (2001), 532 

�� 540 

Zapin sa-bagai satu tarian pergaulan (1961), 508 

318

Acknowledgements 

Bonny Tan and Gracie Lee for their share in compiling the content. 

Ang Siew Fong, Chong Boey Im, Ramlah Hashim for their enormous effort in checking the holding of 

these entries as well as ensuring that these conform to the APA style, the Library of Congress Names 

�� 

Timothy Pwee, Gracie Lee and Hajirah Banu for checking the title-index. 

Cheryl-Ann Low for the cover photography. 

Special thanks to Sharifah Zahra Aljunied for sharing her photographs, her compilation list of materials 

in the Al-Ahqaf Library in Tarim, Hadhramaut and other materials with the team. 

And those who have are not named here but have helped in one way or another to make this 

bibliography a success. 

319

Notes 

320

ISBN 978-981-08-2956-8 

9 7 8 9 8 1 0 8 2 9 5 6 8

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