BFBEnergyPaper
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BFBEnergyPaper
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Table 2: Net costs of EU energy directives 42IA TitleTotalCost(lower)TotalCost(upper)TotalBenefits(Lower)TotalBenefits(Upper)NetCosts(Lower)NetCosts(Higher)EU Renewable EnergyDirective £98.9bn £119.1bn £6.2bn £12.4bn £92.7bn £106.6bnEU Climate and Energypackage, the revisedEU Emissions TradingSystem Directive andmeeting the UK nontradedtarget throughUK carbon budgets.Directives concerningthe Internal Market inGas & ElectricityProposal to recast theBasic Safety Standards(96/29)(and otherEuratom) Directives£20.6bn £20.6bn £9.2bn £9.2bn 43 £11.4bn £11.4bn£2.0m £4.5m £0 £0 £2m £4.5m£124.2m £127.8m £0 £0 £124.2m £127.8mIndustrial EmissionsDirective (IED) £3.4m £20.6m £0 £0 £3.4m £20.6mRegulations on thesupervision andcontrol of shipments ofradioactive waste andspent fuelEU requirements forHeating, Cooling andHot Water networks£690,000 £690,000 £0 £0 £690,000 £690,000£0 £0 £0 £0 £0 £0Energy End-Use andServices Directive £377.3m £378.2m £547.8m £551.5m -£170.5m -£173.3mOil Stocking Order£126m £126m £554m £554m -£428m -£428mEnergy ProductsDirective £1.2bn £1.7bn £4.9bn £6.0bn -£3.8bn -£4.4bnPlanning fornationally significantinfrastructure£200m £200m £4bn £5bn -£3.8bn -£4.8bnEnergy Performance ofBuildings Directive £7.1bn £8.6bn £9.9bn £30.3bn -£2.8 bn -£21.7bnTotals £128.7bn £150.7bn £35.4bn £64.1bn £93.2bn £86.6bn42 The following values were determined by adding the relevant Impact Assessments. It is important to note that the UK cango ‘beyond’ minimum EU standards and that the costs and benefits stem not just from the EU but from the decision of UKpolicymakers as well. However it is equally important to remember that the origin of many of these rules and directivesstemmed originally from the EU and that the measures cited were primary introduced to meet EU requirements. IAs alsoprovide a “lower” and “upper” estimate of the costs, both are provided in Table 2.43 Benefits in this IA were based on the assumption 2009 Copenhagen Agreement would result in a global climate changedeal. As the IA points out: “Benefits depend on other’s actions and the emissions concentration trajectory the world ison. High end of range reflects world where EU action is pivotal in achieving a global deal.” Considering the failure of theCopenhagen Summit only lower benefit estimates were counted, not the £242.1 billion higher estimate.21