Index 539Romanists 37-42scholastics 59-64theologians 47-51Chrysippus 21, 22Chuang Tzu 24, 25Church, William Farr 210, 515Cicero, Marcus Tullius 22, 25, 35,53,181,509Civil War 298see also under mercantilismClark, J.M. 472, 529, 532, 533Clement, Father, ofAlexandria 33-4Clement, Jacques 119, 173Clement VII 185Cohn, Norman 160,510,514coins and coinage 291, 317-23, 335,462Coke, Sir Edward 283-4, 304, 519Colbert, Jean-Baptiste 217-18, 220,239,246-9,259,261see also ColbertismColbert, M. 274Colbert, Nicolas 248Colbert, Odart 248Colbert, Seinelay 249Colbertism 216-20, 249, 259, 260, 262Cole, Charles Woolsey 230, 240, 251,274,516,518Colet, John 196collectivism opposition 259-62collectivist utopia 10-12Colonna family 185Comedie franraise 248Comenius, Johann Amos 298, 299communismAnabaptism 159,514messianic 159-64totalitarian 150-59Compagni, Dino 182Condillac, Etienne Bonnot de, Abbe deMureaux 409-]0, 4]2, 526, 527entrepreneurship theory 411Condorcet, Marie Jean Antoine Nicolasde, Marquis de Caritat 478, 479,483,484,487,488,489Confucius/Confucians 23contracts 77,81,88,91, 143,201Cooper, Anthony Ashley seeShaftesbury, EarlCopernicus, Nicholas 164-5, 206, 514Copleston, Frederick SJ. 512Corbiere, Samuel 250Cordemoy, Geraud de 258Cormoy, Marquis de 219correspondence theory 277, 296Cosimo I, de Medici, Duke of Florence166cost theory 52cost-of-production 52, 374-5, 452theories of value 455theory of natural price 453Costello, Frank Bartholomew SJ 133,511council of commerce 262Counter-Reformation 99,107,108, 128,137, 138Covarrubias y Leiva, Diego de 109, 1I0,112Craig, I.H. 522Creedy, Professor John 312, 339, 520Crockaert, Pierre 102Cromwell, Oliver 298,299,305,313,314,345see also CromwelliansCromwellians 313croquants' rebellion 255-7Crowe, Michael Bertram 509, 510, 511Crusoe economics 390, 392, 421crypto-Calvinism 115, 122, 128, 132crypto-deism 273crypto-Protestantism 137Culpeper, Sir Thomas 318da Savona, Lorenzo 195da Signa, Boncampagno 181da Tiferna, Gregorio 195da Viterbo, Jacopo 53Dakin, Douglas 526Dante Alighieri 179Dashkova, Princess Ekaterina 499Davanzati, Bernardo 166-7,404,514Davenant, Charles 309-12, 338, 339,520de Banez de Mondragon, Domingo 112,113, 115, 123de Clavasio, Angelus Carletus 90de Courtilz de Sanras, Gatien, Sieur duVerger 259-60de Escobar y Mendoza, Father Antonio131,132de Ferreti, Ferreto 180, 182
540 Economic thought before Adam Smithde Luca, Cardinal Giambattista 132de Lugo, Cardinal Juan 122-7, 131de Mariana, Juan 117-22, 133, 168, 172,314,512On the Alteration ofMoney 119-20,121On Kingship 117, 119de Medici, Catherine 196-7de Medici family 185, 189de Medici, Marie 240, 242, 244de Medina, Juan 105-9, 114, 123, 125de Mercado, Tomas 111,112,380de Ribadeneyra, Pedro 174de Seyssel, Claude 199-200de Soto, Domingo 103, 104,105,106,107, 109, Ill, 113, 511de Vitoria, Francisco 102-3, 105,109,112,114,115,511debt purchase contracts 92Decembrio, Pier Candido 186Decembrio, Uberto 186Decker, Sir Matthew 337, 342Declaration of Independence 118Decretalists 39Decretists 39deductions from axioms 323-7Dee, Dr John 305del Monte, Pietro 195della Riva, Bonvesin 182della Scala family 180, 182, 185demand 309-12schedule 311Democritus 10,13,17,19,20,507Denmark 138Descartes, Rene 129-30,297,302,325,418.419,425Descazeaux du Hallay, Joachim 262desirability or desiredness(complacibilitas) 60-61Desmaretz, Nicolas 274Desnitsky, Semyon Efimovich 498-9,533Dewar, Mary 519Diana, Antonino 132Dickson, P.G.M. 517,522Diggers 313Diogenes 20, 21di stributiontheory 406, 458-60see also production and distributionDitz, Gerhard W. 53]division of labour 441-4Dominicans 113, 115Doneau, Hugues 169, 196Donne, John ]66Douglas, Paul H. 450, 453-4, 455, 456,457,472,473,529Driedo, Johannes 115du Fail, Noel 210Du Moulin, Charles (CarolusMolinaeus) 143,201,207Du Pont de Nemours, Pierre Samuel366,367,370,379Dugue de Bagnols 261-2Dumont, Franvois 518Dusentschur 156, 158Eagly, Robert V. 473, 532East India, 214, 226, 319. 320, 321apologists 288-92Company 226, 260, 438, 480mercantilism from Civil War to1750309, 310, 317, 337, 338mercantilism from Tudors to CivilWar 284, 285,288,289,290,304trade 284-8, 309eastern Europe 226-7Eastland Company 225Eck, Johann 93, 140, 141economic liberalism 283-4economic thought 500-502Edgeworth, F. Y. 394Edict of Nantes 174Edward I, King of England 68Edward III, King 221Egmont, Earl 347, 362Einaudi, Professor Luigi 405, 526Ekelund, Robert B. Ir 516EI Greco 109Elizabeth, Empress of Russia 498Elizabeth I, Queen 196, 223, 224, 225,280,281,282,283,295empiricism 292-6Encyclopedie 292, 388,443Engels, Friedrich 149England 99, 111,369,425,489absolutism 194, 195, 199and mercantilism in France 247, 261,264
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ContentsIntroductionviiAcknowledgem
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viiiEconomic thought before Adam Sm
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xEconomic thought before Adam Smith
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xiiEconomic thought before Adam Smi
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xviEconomic thought before Adam Smi
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The first philosopher-economists: t
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6 Economic thought before Adam Smit
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The Christian Middle Ages 312.1 The
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The Christian Middle Ages 33have li
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The Christian Middle Ages 35A less
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The Christian Middle Ages 37highly
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The Christian Middle Ages 39Vatican
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The Christian Middle Ages 41wanton
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The Christian Middle Ages 43means a
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The Christian Middle Ages 45renting
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The Christian Middle Ages 47obliged
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The Christian Middle Ages 49More sp
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The Christian Middle Ages 51merchan
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The Christian Middle Ages 53the com
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The Christian Middle Ages 55for fal
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The Christian Middle Ages 57view in
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The Christian Middle Ages 592.8 Lat
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The Christian Middle Ages 61importa
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The Christian Middle Ages 63men, an
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3 From Middle Ages to Renaissance3.
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4 The late Spanish scholastics4.14.
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J22E~onomic thought before Adam Smi
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5 Protestants and Catholics5.1 Luth
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6 Absolutist thought in Italy and F
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Mercantilism: serving the absolute
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Mercantilism: serving the absolute
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Mercantilism: serving the absolute
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Mercantilism: serving the absolute
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Mercantilism: serving the absolute
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Mercantilism: serving the absolute
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Mercantilism: serving the absolute
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Mercantilism: serving the absolute
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Mercantilism: serving the absolute
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Mercantilism: serving the absolute
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French mercantilist thought in the
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French mercantilist thought in the
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French mercantilist thought in the
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French mercantilist thought in the
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French mercantilist thought in the
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French mercantilist thought in the
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French mercantilist thought in the
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French mercantilist thought in the
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The liberal reaction against mercan
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10 Mercantilism and freedom in Engl
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The founding father ofmodern econom
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13 Physiocracy in mid-eighteenth ce
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The brilliance ofTurgot 38514.1 The
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The brilliance ofTurgot 387the-spot
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The brilliance ofTurgot 389Iron' (1
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The brilliance ofTurgot 391Ifthe sa
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The brilliance ofTurgot 393Finally,
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The brilliance ofTurgot 395Increasi
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The brilliance ofTurgot 397excellen
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The brilliance ofTurgot 399It is tr
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The brilliance ofTurgot 401Indeed,
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The brilliance ofTurgot 403duced bu
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The brilliance ofTurgot 405and to s
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The brilliance ofTurgot 407Galiani
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The brilliance ofTurgot 4091780, Ga
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The brilliance ofTurgot 411such pro
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The brilliance ofTurgot 4137. Turgo
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The Scottish Enlightenment 417The t
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The Scottish Enlightenment 419prove
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The Scottish Enlightenment 421Liber
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The Scottish Enlightenment 423An un
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The Scottish Enlightenment 425philo
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The Scottish Enlightenment 427aggre
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The Scottish Enlightenment 429cally
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The Scottish Enlightenment 431deali
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The celebrated Adam Smith 43516.1 T
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The celebrated Adam Smith 437the cr
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The celebrated Adam Smith 439landow
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The celebrated Adam Smith 4411764 a
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The celebrated Adam Smith 443In 176
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The celebrated Adam Smith 445to val
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The celebrated Adam Smith 447procee
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The celebrated Adam Smith 449the un
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The celebrated Adam Smith 451mal pr
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The celebrated Adam Smith 457others
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The celebrated Adam Smith 459the po
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The celebrated Adam Smith 463tional
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The celebrated Adam Smith 465Smith
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The celebrated Adam Smith 467ing li
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The celebrated Adam Smith 469shows
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17 The spread of the Smithian movem
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