Recovery Plan for the Northern Spotted Owl - DRAFT
Recovery Plan for the Northern Spotted Owl - DRAFT Recovery Plan for the Northern Spotted Owl - DRAFT
482
Table of Contents1. Summary of Literature Review and Experience . ........................ 485A. Stand Structure and Owl Habitat .................................................. 486B. Producing Stand Structure for Northern Spotted Owls .................... 486II. Review of Natural Vegetation and Stand Development -History of Forest Management ...................................................... 492A. Coastal Forests and Western Cascades of Oregon and Washington .4921. Natural Forest Development .................................................... 4922. Forest Management and Stand Development ........................... 493B. Northern California and Southwestern Oregon ............................... 4941. Natural Forest Development .................................................... 4942. Forest Management and Stand Development ........................... 495C. East Cascades of Oregon and Washington ..................................... 495III. Stand Development and Management . ............................... 496A. Stand Manipulation and Thinning ................................................. 496B. Understory Vegetation and Advanced Regeneration ........................ 500C. Fertilization ...................................................... 501D. Historical Stand Management Practices ........................................ 501E. Stand Simulators and Growth Models ........................................... 502IV. Examples of Silviculture Prescriptions . ............................... 502A. Douglas-fir and Western Hemlock Stands ...................................... 503B. Douglas-fir from Oregon Coast Range ............................................ 503C. Redood and Mixed Conifer from Northwestern California ............... 508D. Douglas-fir and Tanoak from Southwestern Oregon ....................... 510E. Uneven-age Management in MixedConifer Forests in Northern California ........................................... 510F. Multilayer/Mixed Species East Side Cascades ................................ 513Summary ...................................................... 518Literature Cited ...................................................... 519483
- Page 448 and 449: A. FireThe combination and interact
- Page 450 and 451: Table F.4. Important forest insects
- Page 452 and 453: continued-Common Name Causal Agent
- Page 454 and 455: D. DiseasesForest diseases in the P
- Page 456 and 457: continued-Common Name Causal Agent
- Page 458 and 459: continued-Common Name Causal Agent
- Page 460 and 461: III. Forest Protection in theWest C
- Page 462 and 463: 120 100200 500I~~~~.K446Figure F.4.
- Page 464 and 465: InsectsDiseasesInsects in this subr
- Page 466 and 467: __hardwoods are immune. Shade toler
- Page 468 and 469: pests (Schowalter 1988). Black stai
- Page 470 and 471: tion and initial attack. If manipul
- Page 472 and 473: log and snag density was likely low
- Page 474 and 475: B. Management Effects on StandsMana
- Page 476 and 477: units (underburning or lop/scatter)
- Page 478 and 479: In the higher elevation White Fir a
- Page 480 and 481: growth often increases (Reinhardt a
- Page 482 and 483: 50rcc4*0-cC)2M CmZ13010-yearI ,...*
- Page 484 and 485: In the East Cascades subregion fore
- Page 486 and 487: The introduced disease, white pine
- Page 488 and 489: VI. Conclusionsmortality will resul
- Page 490 and 491: Baker, F.A. 1988. The influence of
- Page 492 and 493: Habeck, J.R. 1990. Old-growth ponde
- Page 494 and 495: Perry, D.A., and J.G. Borchers. 199
- Page 496 and 497: Weatherspoon, C.P., and C.N. Skinne
- Page 500 and 501: 484
- Page 502 and 503: area, structure, ages, location; ne
- Page 504 and 505: Stand AFigure G.2. A--unthmnned Dou
- Page 506 and 507: figure 0.3. Effects of thinning Dou
- Page 508 and 509: II. Review of Natural Vegetation an
- Page 510 and 511: western hemlock, and sometimes othe
- Page 512 and 513: year intervals (Appendix F). With t
- Page 514 and 515: Live crown ratiobecent)6050IStand A
- Page 516 and 517: Basal area growth continued to incr
- Page 518 and 519: technology probably will allow some
- Page 520 and 521: Stand A. No activities (west side 3
- Page 522 and 523: Stand A. No activities (west side o
- Page 524 and 525: acre, 4 to 12 inches in diameter),
- Page 526 and 527: allow redwood sprout clumps maximum
- Page 528 and 529: KAge 15 years - 511 trees per acre,
- Page 530 and 531: 6Stems per acre100 _ Stand A. Natur
- Page 532 and 533: Basal Area(square feetper acre)50 1
- Page 534 and 535: * Opening the canopy in small patch
- Page 536 and 537: Drew, T.J. and J.W. Flewelling. 197
- Page 538 and 539: Miller, R.E.; D.L. Reukema, and R.L
- Page 540 and 541: Tappeiner, J.C., P.M. McDonald, and
- Page 542 and 543: 526
- Page 544 and 545: 528
- Page 546 and 547: 6. Timber supply curve and economic
Table of Contents1. Summary of Literature Review and Experience . ........................ 485A. Stand Structure and <strong>Owl</strong> Habitat .................................................. 486B. Producing Stand Structure <strong>for</strong> Nor<strong>the</strong>rn <strong>Spotted</strong> <strong>Owl</strong>s .................... 486II. Review of Natural Vegetation and Stand Development -History of Forest Management ...................................................... 492A. Coastal Forests and Western Cascades of Oregon and Washington .4921. Natural Forest Development .................................................... 4922. Forest Management and Stand Development ........................... 493B. Nor<strong>the</strong>rn Cali<strong>for</strong>nia and Southwestern Oregon ............................... 4941. Natural Forest Development .................................................... 4942. Forest Management and Stand Development ........................... 495C. East Cascades of Oregon and Washington ..................................... 495III. Stand Development and Management . ............................... 496A. Stand Manipulation and Thinning ................................................. 496B. Understory Vegetation and Advanced Regeneration ........................ 500C. Fertilization ...................................................... 501D. Historical Stand Management Practices ........................................ 501E. Stand Simulators and Growth Models ........................................... 502IV. Examples of Silviculture Prescriptions . ............................... 502A. Douglas-fir and Western Hemlock Stands ...................................... 503B. Douglas-fir from Oregon Coast Range ............................................ 503C. Redood and Mixed Conifer from Northwestern Cali<strong>for</strong>nia ............... 508D. Douglas-fir and Tanoak from Southwestern Oregon ....................... 510E. Uneven-age Management in MixedConifer Forests in Nor<strong>the</strong>rn Cali<strong>for</strong>nia ........................................... 510F. Multilayer/Mixed Species East Side Cascades ................................ 513Summary ...................................................... 518Literature Cited ...................................................... 519483
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