Individual Solid Nonmetal analysis Many chemicals come in the ...
Individual Solid Nonmetal analysis Many chemicals come in the ...
Individual Solid Nonmetal analysis Many chemicals come in the ...
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<strong>Individual</strong> <strong>Solid</strong> <strong>Nonmetal</strong> <strong>analysis</strong><strong>Many</strong> <strong>chemicals</strong> <strong>come</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> form of powders or crystals. At first quick glance, itmay look like <strong>the</strong>y all look ra<strong>the</strong>r similar. But a closer look will show you that <strong>the</strong>re aresome major differences right off. We are go<strong>in</strong>g to look at 13 different solid nonmetalsubstances. We will learn how to identify <strong>the</strong>m <strong>in</strong>dividually and <strong>the</strong>n we will look at howto identify some of <strong>the</strong>m when <strong>the</strong>y are mixed toge<strong>the</strong>r. As with <strong>the</strong> liquids and <strong>the</strong>metals, <strong>the</strong> identification will be on <strong>the</strong> basis of how <strong>the</strong> materials look, smell, <strong>the</strong>ir pHwhen mixed with water and if/how <strong>the</strong>y dissolve or react with water, acid and iod<strong>in</strong>e.The first th<strong>in</strong>g you need to observe is whe<strong>the</strong>r <strong>the</strong> solid is a powder, crystal, orgranule. This will be done by look<strong>in</strong>g at <strong>the</strong> substance with a magnify<strong>in</strong>g glass. As with<strong>the</strong> liquids and metals, <strong>the</strong> ID material will be given to you <strong>in</strong> both a table and decisionchart. You will be expected to record your own observations on <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>dividual solidnonmetals. We will be us<strong>in</strong>g a wooden spl<strong>in</strong>t to take small amounts of <strong>the</strong> substances andputt<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> wells of a "spot plate". While <strong>the</strong>y are <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> spot plate, you can test <strong>the</strong>mfor how <strong>the</strong>y react with water, acid, iod<strong>in</strong>e, etc. But of course you will not want to addmore than one reagent to <strong>the</strong> solid at a time. Therefore you will need to keep clean<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong>spot plate between each set of trials. You have a jar at your desk that you should use yourwash bottle to wash <strong>the</strong> residue <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> spot plate after each set of tests <strong>in</strong>to.Substance Shape & Size pH Solubility <strong>in</strong> Reaction to Reaction to I 2 O<strong>the</strong>rwater HClObservationsAlka-Seltzer Powder ~6 Fizzes Fizzes Sta<strong>in</strong>s pale CrumblesyellowBak<strong>in</strong>g Soda Powder ~8 Soluble Fizzes Sta<strong>in</strong>s paleCalciumCarbonatePowder ~6 Insoluble seeendFizzesyellowSta<strong>in</strong>s paleyellowMay appear todissolve, butsettlesCornstarch Powder ~8 Soluble-smooth No Reaction Turns blueFlour Powder ~6 Soluble-lumpy No Reaction Turns blueGelat<strong>in</strong> Crystal ~6 Soluble-jellylikeNo reaction Sta<strong>in</strong>s paleyellowGypsum Powder ~6 Solublew/bubblesNo reaction Sta<strong>in</strong>s paleyellowSalt Uniform cubes ~7 Soluble No Reaction Sta<strong>in</strong>s paleyellowSand Irregular shape ~6 Insoluble No Reaction Sta<strong>in</strong>s paleyellowSodium Irregular ~8 Soluble No Reaction Sta<strong>in</strong>s paleAcetate ShapeyellowSugar Irregular Size ~7 Soluble No Reaction Sta<strong>in</strong>s paleyellowVitam<strong>in</strong> C Irregular Size ~2 Soluble No Reaction Turns I 2 clear Crumbles-YellowishYeast Granular ~7 Soluble butdelayNo Reaction Sta<strong>in</strong>s paleyellowPale YellowishcastWill not crumbleCrystals almostclearTarnish cloudywater
Or ano<strong>the</strong>r way to look at <strong>the</strong> problem is with a decision chart. For nonmetal solids <strong>the</strong>chart would look like this:YesFizz <strong>in</strong> YesAlka-SeltzerPowder?H 2 O?NoNoYesSoluble Yes Bak<strong>in</strong>gCrystall<strong>in</strong>e?ReactSoda<strong>in</strong> H 2 Ow/HClNoNoCalcium CarbonateYesNoYeastSoluble<strong>in</strong> H 2 O?Turn Bluew/I 2 ?YesYesNoJelly-like?PH~8YesYesNoCornstarchFlourGypsumGelat<strong>in</strong>SandNoNoPH~8YesSodium AcetateNoTurns I 2 Clear? Yes Vitam<strong>in</strong> CNoRegularSaltNoSugar