the IHS Ballast Water Guide - RWO Marine Water Technology

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IHS Fairplay Solutions Guide to Ballast Water Treatment Systems Sponsored by efficient and compact. With a smaller onboard footprint and lower energy consumption, the BWMS is expected to appeal to shipowners that need to discharge high volumes of ballast water in a short period of time using g a compact system. Gas Lift Diffusion Coldharbour Marine 2 6 Designed primarily for tankers, UK-based Coldharbour Marine’s system operates with ‘in-tank’ rather than in-line components. There are no mechanical filters to block or backflush, no additional seawater valves and no complex electrical systems. Untreated water is drawn into a diffusion pipe from the base of the ballast tank, while inert gas is pumped into a gas lift diffuser that strips oxygen, lowers pH and kills aerobic and anaerobic organisms and e-coli through hypercapnia and ultrasonics. The Coldharbour BWT system uses the gas output from the Coldharbour Sea Guardian marine inert gas generator (IGG), which is linked to specially designed gas lift diffusion (GLD) pipe assemblies mounted inside the ship’s ballast tanks. GLD technology has no moving parts. Sea Guardian is designed to generate ultraclean, very-low-oxygen inert gas. It is compact and largely maintenance-free. During the voyage, the output from the IGG is pumped by standard marine compressors to the GLD units in the ballast tanks where the full treatment takes place. The GLD units use natural fluid dynamics to both stir the ballast tanks and infuse the inert gas. The company says the system is able to cope with any depth of ballast within the tank, and any silt or sediments that may enter the ballast tank do not affect GLD operation. It is also equally effective in freshwater. Blue Ocean Shield COSCO 1 2 3 Blue Ocean Shield (BOS) is a modularised ballast water treatment system, designed and developed by China Ocean Shipping Company (COSCO) Shipbuilding together with Tsinghua University. The BOS system can run in different configurations depending on the level of treatment required and the particular properties of the ballast water, by employing filtration and UV and introducing a hydrocyclone if required. The system operates in-line during the uptake and discharge of ballast water. Before UV treatment takes place, a filter system reduces the sediment load of the ballast water, in addition to removing some microorganisms. The filtration system is installed on the discharge side of the ballast water pumps and is fully automatic in terms of its cleaning operation. The UV unit employs high-output, low-pressure ultraviolet (LPUV) lamps to destroy living micro-organisms present in the ballast water. Ballast water is treated at intake and again at discharge. The treatment on intake ensures that a minimal amount of viable organisms enter the ballast water tanks and reduces sediment build-up in the tank. The water is treated again at discharge only by the UV system to ensure that the potential regrowth of organisms in the ballast water tanks is decreased as much ch as po possib po possible. ib ible. . Ocean Guard Desmi 2 3 8 The Ocean Guard system from Desmi consists of three units. First, a filtration unit removes particles, zooplankton and large algae, and comes in 16 © IHS Global Limited 2012 012_037_CorrectedBW1204.indd 16 01/08/2012 15:31:20
Sponsored by IHS Fairplay Solutions Guide to Ballast Water Treatment Systems sizes ranging from 40m 3 /h to 5,400m 3 /h. For the basic BWTS 300-P30 system configuration, where space is a limiting factor, a pressurised filter is fitted with a mesh, of pore size 30µm, which removes particles in order to secure the efficiency of the succeeding disinfection step. In the second step, water flows through the UV unit and is thereby exposed to a high dose of UV-C irradiation from low-pressure UVlamps to inactivate organisms smaller than 30µm. The UV lamp units generate photolytic inactivating light and photochemical ozone generating light. Each unit is capable of treating 100m³ of ballast water per hour. The UV unit also generates ozone, which is used in the third step of the treatment process, in which the water passes a venturi injector. The vacuum created by the venturi injector sucks dry compressed air through the ozone generating components via a pipeline to the injector for mixing into the main ballast water stream. Finally, the treated water is directed to the ballast tanks. The system is controlled via a touch screen and mimic pictures which provide an overview of the system. Ocean Guard automatically logs all events, alarms, and so forth. The system has a capacity of treating 300m 3 /h, but it can be scaled up to process at least 3,000m 3 /h in total. ES Ecochlor 2 2 The ballast water treatment system from Ecochlor of Maynard, Massachusetts, uses chlorine dioxide (ClO2) technology. The BWMS from the US-based manufacturer uses filtration followed by the injection of a chlorine dioxide solution. The ClO2 solution is created by chemical reaction from mixing precise amounts of purate, which is a powder formed of sodium chlorate, with hydrogen peroxide and sulphuric acid supplied by chemical pumps. The ClO2 is drawn into a venturi by the vacuum created by the flow of freshwater or seawater. The filters must be located close to the ballast water pumps, but the module for the generation of this solution can be located at a convenient place on board. Ecochlor is reportedly concentrating on the bigger vessels and flow rates. The system is said to be able to treat from 1,000 to 10,000 tonnes of ballast water per hour. Type approval was granted to the Ecochlor system at the North Sea Ballast Water Conference at Europort 2011 on 8 November 2011 by the Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH) of Germany. Ecochlor has been accepted into the US Coast Guard’s STEP programme. Erma First ESK Engineering Solutions 2 1 7 Developed by Greece-based Erma First ESK Engineering Solutions, the Erma First BWTS is described as a robust integrated system with low energy consumption and a small footprint. It consists of individual modules each with a treatment capacity of 100m³/h. Treatment is in two stages. First, suspended materials and larger organisms are removed by means of prefiltration and an advanced cyclonic separator. Then, during ballasting, electrolysis is used to generate active chlorine. Here, residual oxidants disinfect any harmful organisms that may have been taken on board. The levels of chlorine are controlled so that even in waters where suspended sediment is high, the efficient cyclonic units ensure low chlorine demand for the disinfection of the © IHS Global Limited 2012 17 012_037_CorrectedBW1204.indd 17 01/08/2012 15:31:42
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