the IHS Ballast Water Guide - RWO Marine Water Technology

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IHS Fairplay Solutions Guide to Ballast Water Treatment Systems Sponsored by Systems PureBallast Alfa Laval 2 3 One of the first systems to gain approval, it makes use of UV to produce hydroxyl radicals that destroy cell membranes. PureBallast is based on Advanced Oxidation Technology (AOT) developed initially by Wallenius. The UV lamps that are at the system’s heart are housed in modules each containing 24 lamps. The system is scalable by the addition of extra modules as required. Modularity can help where space is at a premium, as the units need not all be housed in one space. During ballasting and deballasting, the units create radicals with the help of a catalyst and a light source. These radicals then destroy the cell membrane of micro-organisms. The radicals, which never leave the unit, have a lifetime of only a few milliseconds and pose no risk to the environment or crew. During ballasting a 50µm filter removes larger organisms, leaving only the smallest to be treated. The system also operates when deballasting as a safety measure to kill any organisms that may have survived the initial treatment. In deballasting the filter unit is bypassed. The glass of the lamps is flushed using a fruit-acid based compoun, which removes any sediment that could affect the performance of the unit. The lamps are replaceable, but the system will operate effectively even with several lamps missing. PureBallast precisely logs starts, stops and other data in accordance with IMO guidelines. In this way, the system makes it easy to act in accordance with the ship’s ballast water management plan. AquaTriComb Aalborg/Aquaworx 2 2 3 Working in partnership with Aalborg Industries, of Denmark, Aquaworx from Munich, Germany, has developed the AquaTriComb (ATC) system, which works on a purely physical basis without employing or generating chemical substances. It is one of many systems available that make use of ultraviolet radiation. Being a modular system (pre-treatment and secondary treatment) it lends itself to both new and retrofit installations. The system is scaleable and comes in sizes ranging from 250m 3 /h to 4,000m 3 /h. Running two systems in parallel operation can increase the flow rate to 8,000m 3 /h. Micro-organisms and sediment are removed from the ballast water during a pre-treatment phase using filters to guarantee optimal disinfection during the secondary treatment phase, which is performed using the effects of UV-C radiation and ultrasound. Ultrasound is used for automatic cleaning of the filter modules and to break down particles and micro-organisms, thereby maximising the efficiency of the UV treatment. The use of ultrasound is said to achieve high and lasting efficiency in the filtration and disinfection processes. The ultrasound also promises extremely effective and permanent cleaning of the UV radiators through the removal of biofilms and depositions. The design of the system, which has easy-to-follow menu controls, ensures that investment and operation costs, maintenance and total energy consumption (approximately 13kW at 250m³/h) are kept low. 12 © IHS Global Limited 2012 012_037_CorrectedBW1204.indd 12 01/08/2012 15:29:25
Sponsored by IHS Fairplay Solutions Guide to Ballast Water Treatment Systems Aquastar Aqua Engineering 2 7 This BWM system has been developed by Aqua Engineering of Busan, South Korea and has been granted basic approval for the active substance used in treatment. The process involves the use of a so-called ‘smart’ pipe and treatment with the active substance sodium hypochlorite formed by in situ electrolysis of the seawater in a ballast water main pipe. The compact smart pipe can be installed as the main section of the ballast pipe, which requires the minimum of space. The AquaStar system consists of an in-line electrolyser unit, the modules of which can be installed horizontally or vertically. The electrolyser is controlled from an integrated automatic control system unit, which has a master and local control unit and incorporates the ballast pump. Total residual oxidants are neutralised by controlled injection of sodium thiosulphate from a neutralisation unit during deballasting. A rectifier unit and gas separator with vent is used during the treatment process. The AquaStar system requires the safe storage of the neutralising agent sodium thiosulphate on board ship in a tank. The risk associated with the generation of hydrogen gas during electrolysis is being taken into consideration during testing. The system is marketed in a range of models, from the smaller systems suited to chemical tankers, bulkers and box ships, with ballast pumps rated from 350 to 1,100m 3 /h at a total required power of up to 88kW/h, to slightly bigger systems for Panamaxes and Capesizes, to the biggest models with pumps that handle 5,000m 3 /h at a power requirement of 300–400kW/h. Anolyte Atlas-Danmark 2 7 The ballast water treatment system from Atlas-Danmark is named after the disinfecting agent, which is a biocide mixture. It also uses filtration, and a reducing agent, known as Catolyte. Its maker describes the Anolyte disinfection agent applied in the system as “electrochemical activated water”, which contains a mixture of reactive molecules and meta-stable ions and free radicals. The company says the disinfection agent destroys itself during the disinfection process, thereby ensuring that the environment and the crew are not endangered. The Anolyte is taken from available tanks or those built into the vessel for the storage during the period for production of the disinfection agent. It is injected into the BWTS by a dosing pump that can be located anywhere between the Anolyte storage tank and the ballast water intake connection. The electrolytic cells used in the ballast water treatment system act as the Catolyte reducing agent. During the process, the Catolyte is fed directly to one or more of the ballast tanks. After the Anolyte disinfection, the Catolyte is said to slightly increase the pH value and corrosion resistance in the ballast water tanks. The ozone and the other compounds in the Anolyte are injected during natural flow of the ballast pumps and filters. When added to the filtered ballast water during the intake, all micro-organisms are reportedly killed within a few seconds. By using a self-cleaning, pre-filtration filter of less than 50µm, the Anolyte portion is reported to be substantially reduced, depending on the filter size. © IHS Global Limited 2012 13 012_037_CorrectedBW1204.indd 13 01/08/2012 15:30:03
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