SBCT Final EIS - Govsupport.us

Chapter 3 ⎯ Affected EnvironmentHistoric Built EnvironmentThree National Register-eligible Historic Districts are also located on FTC: the Old Hospital Complex,the Wastewater Treatment Plant and Incinerator Complex, and the Turkey Creek RecreationArea. In all, 68 buildings are contributing properties of these Historic Districts.Properties of Traditional, Religious, or Cultural SignificanceEleven federally recognized tribes have expressed a cultural affiliation with land at FTC. In 2005, 10of the tribes signed a comprehensive agreement (CA), and the following year, the Jicarilla Apachesigned a separate CA (USACE 2006a). The CA establishes the consulting parties for Native Americanissues, including issues covered under American Indian Religious Freedom Act (AIRFA) andNAGPRA, and establishes protocols for consultation. FTC has a mutually respected and proactive relationshipwith all identified Native American Tribal Affiliations. All TCPs, sacred sites, and RockArt sites are protected from impact and made readily available for access by Native Americans consistentwith both safety and military training requirements.TCPs and sacred sites were also identified during the consultation process. On FTC, one sacred sitewas identified within the Turkey Creek Rock Art District. Although only one site was identified ashaving direct religious significance for culturally affiliated tribes, the sacred site associated with thisDistrict may be expanded in the future pending consultation with other tribes.3.3.4.4 Pinon Canyon Maneuver SitePrehistoric ContextNo Clovis materials have been reported to date at PCMS. No Folsom sites have been reported insoutheastern Colorado, but three Folsom point fragments have been recovered. On the PCMS, HellGap points are quite common and have been found on eight sites and twice as isolates. Recently, anAgate Basin site with four diagnostic projectile points, highly patinated debitage, and chipped-stonetools has been identified.No Early Archaic archeological sites have been found at PCMS, and only a few projectile point isolateshave been identified. Although isolated Middle Archaic projectile points are quite common, onlyone PCMS site can be attributed to the McKean Complex. Middle Archaic age rock art, in the form ofPecked Curvilinear and Pecked Rectilinear elements, is quite common on the PCMS. PCMS containsmany Late Archaic period surface sites; and those excavated indicate that communal plant collectingand processing were dominant activities. In the area around PCMS, Late Archaic remains are plentiful,especially in the canyons.The canyon settings of the PCMS exhibit defensive sites that may date to the Diversification Periodon every isolated high ridge point surrounded by a steep slope. Protohistoric ceramics have beenfound at two sites on the PCMS, but generally, few sites can be attributed to the Protohistoric.Historic ContextPCMS developed along somewhat different lines than FTC. In the late 1860s, the Pinon Canyon regionwent from being nearly uninhabited to a viable ranching community. Hispanic pioneers camenorth from New Mexico with their sheep and goats to found plazas along the Purgatory River and itsdrainages. As transportation to the area improved in the 1870s with the service from the stage line andrailroad, Anglo settlers increased and cattle were introduced. In the 1880s, large Anglo-owned cattleFebruary 2008 3–154 2/25th SBCT Final EIS