28 | Lesson 2Figure 2-5Effects of improper nestingof tags6. To see <strong>the</strong> effect of improper nesting, move <strong>the</strong> end tag to appear after <strong>the</strong> last tag. Save L2-pet-test.html again and view it in a browser. Now all of <strong>the</strong> contentfrom “fresh water” to <strong>the</strong> end of <strong>the</strong> document is in boldface and italics, asshown in Figure 2-5.LICENSED PRODUCT NOT FOR RESALEFigure 2-6A copyright symbol appears in<strong>the</strong> lower-left corner7. Close <strong>the</strong> L2-pet-test.html file in <strong>the</strong> editor and open L2-pet-orig.html.8. Add a copyright line to <strong>the</strong> bottom of <strong>the</strong> page <strong>by</strong> pressing Enter a few times after<strong>the</strong> closing tag and typing © 2012. Substitute <strong>the</strong> current yearfor “2012”, if necessary. Press Enter to add a blank line. Make sure <strong>the</strong> copyright lineis above <strong>the</strong> and end tags.9. Create a new file again <strong>by</strong> saving L2-pet-test.html as L2-pet-copyright.html andview it in <strong>the</strong> browser. Does <strong>the</strong> circle C symbol appear as shown in Figure 2-6? Ifnot, change © to ©, save <strong>the</strong> file, and <strong>the</strong>n view it again.Copyright line with symbolTAKE NOTE*When viewing Web pages that you’re editing, it’s best to use a variety of Web browsers toensure your markup renders as expected for <strong>the</strong> widest audience. Some editing tools letyou select a browser for previewing Web pages from a list. If your tool doesn’t includethat option, you’ll need to install three or four different browsers and open your Webpages in each one.10. Go to <strong>the</strong> W3C Markup Validation Service Web page at http://validator.w3.org.Upload L2-pet-copyright.html and click Check to have <strong>the</strong> service check it. Fix anyerrors reported <strong>by</strong> <strong>the</strong> checker that relate to missing tags or typos, if any.
<strong>Building</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>User</strong> <strong>Interface</strong> <strong>by</strong> <strong>Using</strong> <strong>HTML5</strong>: <strong>Text</strong>, <strong>Graphics</strong>, and Media | 2911. You probably received an error message about character encoding. To fix this, openL2-pet-copyright.html in your editing tool, insert in<strong>the</strong> head element, on its own line, just before <strong>the</strong> title.78704 Pet ServicesLICENSED PRODUCT NOT FOR RESALE12. Save <strong>the</strong> file, upload it to <strong>the</strong> validation checker again, and check it. The checkershould indicate that your file is valid.13. Leave <strong>the</strong> editing tool and Web browser open if you’re continuing immediately to <strong>the</strong>next section.✚ MORE INFORMATIONIf you find yourself struggling with <strong>the</strong> topics in this section, consider taking some tutorials such as those at <strong>the</strong>W3Schools.com Web site.■ Choosing and Configuring <strong>HTML5</strong> Tags to Display <strong>Text</strong> ContentTHE BOTTOM LINE<strong>HTML5</strong> uses most of <strong>the</strong> same elements and attributes specified in HTML 4, and hasintroduced some new tags, modified <strong>the</strong> preferred usage of o<strong>the</strong>rs, and no longer supportscertain elements. New text-related elements include command, mark, time, meter, andprogress. A few of <strong>the</strong> deprecated elements are basefont, center, font, and strike.X REF<strong>HTML5</strong> layout, sectioning,and form creationmarkup is covered inLesson 3.All of <strong>the</strong> elements covered in <strong>the</strong> first section in this lesson work well in <strong>HTML5</strong>, eventhough <strong>the</strong>y have been used for years in previous versions of HTML. For <strong>the</strong> most part,<strong>HTML5</strong> replaces very little HTML syntax. That means developers can still use most of <strong>the</strong>same elements <strong>the</strong>y always have. Some elements have <strong>the</strong> same tag but slightly tweaked functionality,which you’ll learn about shortly.<strong>HTML5</strong> also includes many new elements that increase <strong>the</strong> functionality of Web pages orstreamline <strong>the</strong> markup. These include multimedia elements such as audio and video, andelements that make <strong>the</strong> structure of a Web page seem more intuitive. Structure-relatedtags include elements for page sections, headers, footers, navigation, and even sidebars.If you create Web forms, new form features make creation and validation much easier.This section, however, focuses on <strong>HTML5</strong> markup for text.<strong>Text</strong> Elements from HTML 4 with New Meaning or FunctionalitySome HTML 4 text-related elements now have slightly different meaning or functionalityin <strong>HTML5</strong>. The elements include , , , , and . The element should now be used to offset text without conveying importance, such asfor keywords or product names. The element now indicates content in an alternatevoice or mood, like spoken text. The element indicates strong importance,whereas <strong>the</strong> element indicates emphatic stress. The element should beused for small print, like a copyright line.