Abstracts - Deutsche Zoologische Gesellschaft

Key Lectures of the Symposia 15status of cryptic species. In many cases, these lineages are the results of several centres of glacialsurvival in the perialpine areas. (ii) Populations from adjoining high mountain systems often showsimilar genetic lineages, a phenomenon best explained by postglacial retreat to these mountainsfrom one single differentiation centre between them. (iii) Populations isolated in geographicallyperipheral mountain ranges own endemic genetic lineages, which survived and evolved in the vicinityof these mountain areas. (iv) The populations of a number of species show gradients of geneticdiversity from a genetically richer East to a poorer West. This might indicate better glacial survivalconditions for this group of species in the more eastern parts of Europe. (v) Finally, some temperatecontinentalspecies with affinities to mountains show similar genetic patterns like typical mountainspecies, thus underlining that the European high-mountain systems also strongly impacted theirintraspecific differentiation and evolution.S EB.2 (Sa) - ENSexual conflict and cooperation in bedbugsKlaus ReinhardtAnimal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, UKConflict has recently been recognised as almost universal and an important driver of rapid evolutionarychange. By contrast, sexual cooperation should be rare among polyandrous organisms and is currentlylargely observed in social insects.Bedbugs are a classic example of sexual conflict: the matingrate observed in the laboratory is around 20fold higher than that required for optimal female fitness.Male bedbugs copulate by piercing the female’s body wall and inseminating into their body cavity.First, I present examples of male sexual traits that are harmful to females such as aggressive matingbehaviour, copulatory wounding and sexually transmitted microbes. I also provide examples howfemale respond by behavioural, biomaterial, morphological and immunological means.Secondly, Idemonstrate the seeming mystery that males and females also cooperate sexually: females receivesubstances during mating that increase their egg laying rate whilst, simultaneously, delaying ratherthan enhancing the onset of reproductive senescence. Two candidate traits in the ejaculate are alsobeing identified: significant activity of lysozyme and the elongation factor EF alpha1.S EC.1 (Sa) - ENGenetic diversity in freshwater: The phantom midge and Paramecium showunexpected patternsThomas BerendonkUniversität LeipzigOne of the primary questions concerning the long-term preservation of nature and its diversity is themaintenance of genetic diversity. Here I present two examples how genetic diversity may be influencedby current anthropogenic parameters. The first example focuses on local extinctions and howthese influence regional genetic variation of a species. Despite numerous theoretical investigations,comparative empirical information on how local extinctions influence regional genetic diversitydoes not exist. We used a microsatellite analysis of six midge species of the genus Chaoborus andgenerated intriguing scale-dependent results. Species which experienced repeated local extinctionshad reduced genetic variation at the local level, yet the regional genetic variation was greater than inspecies with permanent populations. Our findings call into question the assumption that species with