Abstracts - Deutsche Zoologische Gesellschaft
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Abstracts - Deutsche Zoologische Gesellschaft

Abstracts - Deutsche Zoologische Gesellschaft Abstracts - Deutsche Zoologische Gesellschaft

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10.07.2015 Views

174 Neurobiology PostersP NB.7 - ENDiminished plasticity of visual function and sensory maps after cortical stroke in miceFranziska Greifzu 1 , Silvio Schmidt 2 , Karl-Friedrich Schmidt 1 , Otto W. Witte 2 , Siegrid Löwel 11Institute of General Zoology and Animal Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena; 2 Departmentof Neurology, Medical School, University of JenaStroke is a major cause of death and disability in the industrialized countries. It is an encouragingobservation that clinically most patients who do suffer from stroke recover to some degree from thedeficits which they incur. The most straightforward assumption is usually that this is due to plasticity.Many in vitro studies indicated that there is an increased plasticity in the perilesional zone of corticalinfarcts. In the present study we investigated in vivo the impact of a photothrombotically inducedcortical stroke on the plasticity of the neighbouring visual cortex after short periods of monoculardeprivation (MD). Visual function was analyzed behaviourally with a virtual optomotor system. Inaddition, visual cortical maps were recorded using intrinsic signal optical imaging. After 7 days ofMD, control animals showed a significant enhancement of visual acuity in the non-deprived eyeand a significant ocular dominance shift towards the open eye in the optical imaging experiments.In contrast, in animals with a cortical stroke, both the enhancement of visual acuity and the oculardominance shift were significantly lower. Thus in contrast to previous in vitro studies, our data ratherindicate that plasticity is diminished in the surround of a cortical infarct.P NB.8 - ENTranscriptionfactor CREB in pteromalide waspsSteffen Hagenbucher, Martin Blum, Daria Schurmann, Axel Schweickert, Johannes L.M. SteidleInstitut für Zoologie, Universität HohenheimThe process of learning can be separated in several distinct phases: the short-term memory, the intermediatememory (MTM) and the long-term memory (LTM). The LTM is the only memory phase thatdepends on transcriptional activity These processes are regulated by the transcriptionfactor CREB(cAMP response element-binding protein). CREB plays an important role in the function and survivalof the nervous system. There are several known isoforms of this protein and in Drosophilaand Aplysia it could be shown that one of these isoforms acts as a repressor of the LTM formation.The two pteromalid wasps Lariophagus distinguendus and Nasonia vitripennis show significantdifferences in the memory formation process. L. distinguendus needs only one learning experienceto form LTM, in N. vitripennis only a MTM is formed after one experience. To study the idea thatdifferences in CREB-isoforms are responsible for these findings we screened mRNA of the two speciesfor CREB isoforms, using different PCR techniques like RT-PCR and RACE-PCR. We foundthree CREB isoforms in N. vitripenns (NvCREB 1, NvCREB 2, NvCREB 3), but only two in L. distinguendus(LdCREB 1, LdCREB 2). Whereas NvCREB 1 and LdCREB 1 as well as LdCREB 2 andNvCREB 2 are homologues; NvCREB 3 seems to be exclusive for N. vitripennis. It is possible thatthis additional NvCREB isoform is involved in the slower LTM formation in N. vitripennis. Furtherstudies on the function of the CREB isoforms are necessary to prove this hypothesis.

Neurobiology Posters 175P NB.9 - ENObject recognition and object tracking with artificial lateral line systemsAdrian Klein, André Steiner, Horst BleckmannInstitut für Zoologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität BonnFishes use the mechanosensory lateral line to detect weak water motions. The lateral line system offishes consists of up to several hundred superficial neuromasts and of neuromasts embedded in cephalicand trunk lateral line canals. We examined the water motions inside a curved artificial lateralline canal (ALLC) exposed to running water. A cylinder placed in running water generates a vortexstreet. We found that the water oscillated in the ALLC and that the spatial patterns of these oscillationsdepended on the position of the cylinder. In addition we found that the oscillation frequency ofthe water motions inside the ALLC corresponded to the vortex shedding frequency of the cylinder.Since the vortex shedding frequency is a function of cylinder diameter and bulk flow velocity, thespatial and temporal pattern of the water motions inside an ALLC not only can be used to detect andlocalize an object (cylinder) but also to calculate its size, provided bulk flow velocity is known.P NB.10 - DEFunktionsmorphologie antennaler und palpaler Sensillen pyrophiler Fliegen und ihremögliche Rolle bei der Detektion von WaldbrändenDavid Klocke, Anke Schmitz, Helmut SchmitzInstitut für Zoologie, Vergleichende Neurobiologie, Universität BonnDie pyrophilen (feuerliebenden) Fliegen Hormopeza spec. (Empididae), Microsania australis (Platypezidae)und Hypocerides nearcticus (Phoridae) wurden in Westaustralien unmittelbar nach Waldbrändenauf frischen Brandflächen gefangen. Es ist daher sehr wahrscheinlich, daß diese Fliegenartenvon feuerspezifischen Stimuli wie Brandgeruch, Hitze und / oder Infrarotstrahlung angelocktwerden. Da über spezialisierte Sensillen, die zur Wahrnehmung solcher Stimuli dienen könnten,nichts bekannt ist, wurden bei den genannten Arten insbesondere palpale und antennale Sensillenmit licht- und elektronenmikroskopischen Methoden vergleichend untersucht. Aufgrund ihrer Anordnungund Morphologie lassen sich bereits mutmaßliche Thermorezeptoren sowie in prominentenGrubenstrukturen angeordnete olfaktorische Sensillen identifizieren, die bei der Feuerdetektion eineRolle spielen könnten. Gefördert durch das BMBF.P NB.11 - ENIn vitro-analysis of the central nervous pathway of the infrared system in pit vipersTobias Kohl 1 , Hans Straka 2 , Guido Westhoff 11Institute of Zoology, University of Bonn; 2 Laboratoire de Neurobiologie des Réseaux Sensorimoteurs,Université Paris, FrancePit vipers are special in that they sense infrared (IR) radiation with their loreal pit organs. Informationfrom the pits is conveyed centrally via three branches of the trigeminal nerve, forming the lateraldescending trigeminal tract (lttd), which projects to the ipsilateral homonymous nucleus (LTTD).IR-information is further relayed via the Nucleus reticualis caloris to the contralateral optic tectum,where infrared and visual information is integrated. We present first data from electrophysiologicalrecordings from the LTTD and the optic tectum in an in vitro-whole brain-preparation of a pit viper(Crotalus atrox). Field potentials were recorded in the LTTD following orthodromic electrical stimu-

Neurobiology Posters 175P NB.9 - ENObject recognition and object tracking with artificial lateral line systemsAdrian Klein, André Steiner, Horst BleckmannInstitut für Zoologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität BonnFishes use the mechanosensory lateral line to detect weak water motions. The lateral line system offishes consists of up to several hundred superficial neuromasts and of neuromasts embedded in cephalicand trunk lateral line canals. We examined the water motions inside a curved artificial lateralline canal (ALLC) exposed to running water. A cylinder placed in running water generates a vortexstreet. We found that the water oscillated in the ALLC and that the spatial patterns of these oscillationsdepended on the position of the cylinder. In addition we found that the oscillation frequency ofthe water motions inside the ALLC corresponded to the vortex shedding frequency of the cylinder.Since the vortex shedding frequency is a function of cylinder diameter and bulk flow velocity, thespatial and temporal pattern of the water motions inside an ALLC not only can be used to detect andlocalize an object (cylinder) but also to calculate its size, provided bulk flow velocity is known.P NB.10 - DEFunktionsmorphologie antennaler und palpaler Sensillen pyrophiler Fliegen und ihremögliche Rolle bei der Detektion von WaldbrändenDavid Klocke, Anke Schmitz, Helmut SchmitzInstitut für Zoologie, Vergleichende Neurobiologie, Universität BonnDie pyrophilen (feuerliebenden) Fliegen Hormopeza spec. (Empididae), Microsania australis (Platypezidae)und Hypocerides nearcticus (Phoridae) wurden in Westaustralien unmittelbar nach Waldbrändenauf frischen Brandflächen gefangen. Es ist daher sehr wahrscheinlich, daß diese Fliegenartenvon feuerspezifischen Stimuli wie Brandgeruch, Hitze und / oder Infrarotstrahlung angelocktwerden. Da über spezialisierte Sensillen, die zur Wahrnehmung solcher Stimuli dienen könnten,nichts bekannt ist, wurden bei den genannten Arten insbesondere palpale und antennale Sensillenmit licht- und elektronenmikroskopischen Methoden vergleichend untersucht. Aufgrund ihrer Anordnungund Morphologie lassen sich bereits mutmaßliche Thermorezeptoren sowie in prominentenGrubenstrukturen angeordnete olfaktorische Sensillen identifizieren, die bei der Feuerdetektion eineRolle spielen könnten. Gefördert durch das BMBF.P NB.11 - ENIn vitro-analysis of the central nervous pathway of the infrared system in pit vipersTobias Kohl 1 , Hans Straka 2 , Guido Westhoff 11Institute of Zoology, University of Bonn; 2 Laboratoire de Neurobiologie des Réseaux Sensorimoteurs,Université Paris, FrancePit vipers are special in that they sense infrared (IR) radiation with their loreal pit organs. Informationfrom the pits is conveyed centrally via three branches of the trigeminal nerve, forming the lateraldescending trigeminal tract (lttd), which projects to the ipsilateral homonymous nucleus (LTTD).IR-information is further relayed via the Nucleus reticualis caloris to the contralateral optic tectum,where infrared and visual information is integrated. We present first data from electrophysiologicalrecordings from the LTTD and the optic tectum in an in vitro-whole brain-preparation of a pit viper(Crotalus atrox). Field potentials were recorded in the LTTD following orthodromic electrical stimu-

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