Abstracts - Deutsche Zoologische Gesellschaft
Abstracts - Deutsche Zoologische Gesellschaft Abstracts - Deutsche Zoologische Gesellschaft
140 Ecology PostersP EC.3 - ENLife history study of a bisexual tardigrade population of Macrobiotus tonolliiMarie-Louise Lemloh, Franz Brümmer, Ralph O. SchillBiological Institute, Zoology, Universität StuttgartTardigrada are a minor phylum of Metazoa currently represented by more than 950 species of microscopicsmall animals and they are found in freshwater habitats, terrestrial environments and marinesediments. The most well-known tardigrades are limno-terrestrial, living in moist environments likethin films of water found in mosses. Although tardigrades were studied for the fist time during theyears 1774 to 1776 there is still less known about their way of life and until now only few studies arededicated exclusively to tardigrade life history traits. Recently the ability of tardigrades to undergocryptobiosis has created an increasing interest due to potential medical applications and as a consequencethere are enhanced rearing conditions for tardigrades which provides complete life cyclestudies. In this study a population of the terrestrial carnivorous eutardigrade Macrobiotus tonolliiwas reared under lab conditions and life history traits were analyzed based on the following biologicaland reproductive characteristics: active life span, body lengths, age at first oviposition, egg-layingintervals, clutch size, hatching time and hatching percentages. The received life cycle data supplementour knowledge of tardigrades in general and enable further research into factors which mayinfluence life history of this species. This study is part of the project www.FUNCRYPTA.de, fundedby the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, BMBF (0313838A).P EC.4 - ENEffects of UV-B radiation on the survival of tardigradesChristine Wittmann, Franz Brümmer, Ralph O. SchillAbteilung Zoologie, Universität StuttgartTardigrades are known to be highly tolerant to extreme environmental conditions such as desiccation,temperature fluctuations and ionizing radiation. However no attempts have been made to studythe influence of ultraviolet-B radiation on tardigrades so far. Talking about climate change, ozonelayerdepletion and the subsequent increase of UV-B radiation on earth’s surface, it is necessary toevaluate the ecological effects of increased UV exposure. The deleterious effects of solar UV-B includesdeterioration of biological relevant molecules such as proteins, lipids and chromophores. Themost severe affected molecule of solar UV radiation however is the DNA. UV-B radiation inducestwo of the most abundant mutagenic and cytotoxic DNA lesions, cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers(CPDs) and pyrimidine pyrimidone photoproducts (6-4PPs) and their Dewar valence isomers. In thisstudy specimens of Milnesium tardigradum were exposed to a UV-B lamp emitting with a maxiumat 311 nm. Tardigrades were exposed to cumulative UV-B doses of 0 – 8000 J/m 2 . The short termand long term effects of UV-B radiation, such as viability, survival, reproductive ability and feedingbehaviour were investigated. This study reveals that M. tardigradum shows a high tolerance towardsUV-B radiation. This study is part of the project www.FUNCRYPTA.de, funded by the GermanFederal Ministry of Education and Research, BMBF (0313838).
Ecology Posters 141P EC.5 - ENFreeze tolerance in tardigrades – subzero temperature survival and supercoolingpointsSteffen Hengherr 1 , M. Roger Worland 2 , Franz Brümmer 1 , Ralph O. Schill 11Biological Institute, Zoology, Universität Stuttgart; 2 British Antarctic Survey, Natural EnvironmentResearch Council, Cambridge, UKMany limno-terrestrial tardigrades live in harsh and variable habitats where they experience extremeenvironmental conditions like draught, heat and subzero temperatures. By entering an extreme dehydratedstate known as anhydrobiosis tardigrades are able to survive heat stress and long draughtperiods. However, they also can be exposed to great daily temperature fluctuations in winter withoutdehydration. Survival of the resulting freeze/thaw cycles in an active state, requires either the abilityto tolerate freezing of the body water or mechanisms to decrease the freezing point (supercooling).Therefore we studied the survival rate of 9 tardigrade species by cooling them at five different ratesdown to –30°C and thawing up to room temperature at 10°C/h. The resulting moderate surival afterfast and slow cooling rates and a low survival after cooling at rates in between, may indicate theinfluence of a physical effect during fast cooling and the possibility to synthesize some cryoprotectantsduring slow cooling. The supercooling points (SCP) measured in individual specimens by usingDifferential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) range in the different species between -11°C and -23°Cand showed no difference compared with SCPs of cold hardened specimens. These results indicatethat tardigrades are freeze tolerant and do not decrease their SCP with cryoprotectants synthesizeddue to cold hardening. This study is part of the project www.FUNCRYPTA.de, funded by the GermanFederal Ministry of Education and Research, BMBF (0313838)P EC.6 - ENDNA damage in storage cells of anhydrobiotic tardigradesSimon Neumann, Andy Reuner, Franz Brümmer, Ralph O. SchillAbteilung Zoologie, Universität StuttgartTardigrades are small metazoans, ranging in size from 0.2 mm to 1.5 mm. They live in micro-habitatswhich frequently undergo changes in the environmental conditions, e.g. periodic desiccation.In response to such unfavourable circumstances tardigrades can enter a state of latent life, knownas anhydrobiosis, which is characterized by a metabolic arrest and the transition of the animal intoa so-called tun state. In order to be able to recover without any apparent damage, tardigrades haveeffective adaptations to preserve the integrity of cells and tissues. Yet, animals can persist in thisanhydrobiotic state only for a limited period of time. With increasing duration of anhydrobiosis thesurvival rate decreases, although time spent in anhydrobiosis does not add to the usual life expectancyof tardigrades, and recovery is possible even after years in anhydrobiosis. Evidence suggests,that oxidative processes are the cause of damage during anhydrobiosis. These processes are mediatedby reactive oxygen species, whose primary target is the DNA. We adapted the Comet Assay forthe use with storage cells isolated from the tardigrade species Milnesium tardigradum and showedthat tardigrades sustain only minor DNA-damage during transition into the anhydrobiosis. However,the longer the specimens remained in anhydrobiosis, the more DNA lesions accumulated. This studyis part of the project www.FUNCRYPTA.de, funded by the German Federal Ministry of Educationand Research, BMBF (0313838).
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140 Ecology PostersP EC.3 - ENLife history study of a bisexual tardigrade population of Macrobiotus tonolliiMarie-Louise Lemloh, Franz Brümmer, Ralph O. SchillBiological Institute, Zoology, Universität StuttgartTardigrada are a minor phylum of Metazoa currently represented by more than 950 species of microscopicsmall animals and they are found in freshwater habitats, terrestrial environments and marinesediments. The most well-known tardigrades are limno-terrestrial, living in moist environments likethin films of water found in mosses. Although tardigrades were studied for the fist time during theyears 1774 to 1776 there is still less known about their way of life and until now only few studies arededicated exclusively to tardigrade life history traits. Recently the ability of tardigrades to undergocryptobiosis has created an increasing interest due to potential medical applications and as a consequencethere are enhanced rearing conditions for tardigrades which provides complete life cyclestudies. In this study a population of the terrestrial carnivorous eutardigrade Macrobiotus tonolliiwas reared under lab conditions and life history traits were analyzed based on the following biologicaland reproductive characteristics: active life span, body lengths, age at first oviposition, egg-layingintervals, clutch size, hatching time and hatching percentages. The received life cycle data supplementour knowledge of tardigrades in general and enable further research into factors which mayinfluence life history of this species. This study is part of the project www.FUNCRYPTA.de, fundedby the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, BMBF (0313838A).P EC.4 - ENEffects of UV-B radiation on the survival of tardigradesChristine Wittmann, Franz Brümmer, Ralph O. SchillAbteilung Zoologie, Universität StuttgartTardigrades are known to be highly tolerant to extreme environmental conditions such as desiccation,temperature fluctuations and ionizing radiation. However no attempts have been made to studythe influence of ultraviolet-B radiation on tardigrades so far. Talking about climate change, ozonelayerdepletion and the subsequent increase of UV-B radiation on earth’s surface, it is necessary toevaluate the ecological effects of increased UV exposure. The deleterious effects of solar UV-B includesdeterioration of biological relevant molecules such as proteins, lipids and chromophores. Themost severe affected molecule of solar UV radiation however is the DNA. UV-B radiation inducestwo of the most abundant mutagenic and cytotoxic DNA lesions, cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers(CPDs) and pyrimidine pyrimidone photoproducts (6-4PPs) and their Dewar valence isomers. In thisstudy specimens of Milnesium tardigradum were exposed to a UV-B lamp emitting with a maxiumat 311 nm. Tardigrades were exposed to cumulative UV-B doses of 0 – 8000 J/m 2 . The short termand long term effects of UV-B radiation, such as viability, survival, reproductive ability and feedingbehaviour were investigated. This study reveals that M. tardigradum shows a high tolerance towardsUV-B radiation. This study is part of the project www.FUNCRYPTA.de, funded by the GermanFederal Ministry of Education and Research, BMBF (0313838).