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mechanical shading -- the dots, contours, speleothem symbols, and what not standout better among waterlines than within a uniform shading. If we are to useshading for water (and very few North American cartographers do so, I mightpoint out), then many of the other symbols on my list will have to be jiggered,also.The matter of length can be handled easily by having a "basic" list of adozen or 15 symbols (less than AMCS) and a "comprehensive" list (which could beeven longer than mine). Both would be "NSS Standard Map Symbols", each complementingthe other.Speleologically,Jim17Russell, Vehslage, MartinOn map symbols3 June 19758218 SherrillLandover, Md.20785What is "wrong ll with the existing set of NSS symbols is that there aren'tenough of them, primarily. There also are some inconsistencies, and they mightbe edged a bit closer to the VIS standard list, but mainly there aren't enough.This is argued, beginning on p. 20 of the ms which I'm loaning to Russell. Heis to forward this to you at the Convention as soon as he has read it (copyanything you like, first). It has 39 pages, which is more than either I or theNSS ought to afford to print up and send to the BOG plus mailing list. As I said,it's being published in Venezuela and should be available (in Spanish) before theend of the year.If the consensus is that the 1961 list has "enough" symbols, then my paperis an interesting but impractical exercise and should be turned down.Please note, Bill, that this is not "my" list, in 1961, it is Will "'bite's,et al list; also, it was never adopted as the NSS standard list -- it was onlyproposed to the BOG and then forgotten. The NSS has no formally approved list ofsymbols.A copy of the list of symbols will be mailed to Martin, care of etc, by Friday,if not sooner. He isn't getting a manuscript, because I have only one copy tocirculate and I don't want it getting lost in the mail for half the summer. Coveringletter will be included, though.What is "better" about the set I'm proposing is throughly defended in themanuscript which Bill is to send Vehslage, c/o NSS Convention after Bill reads it.It's much more comprehensive, it's rationalized, and it's nearer to VIS practicein most respects.Comments on Russell's cr~t~que of my preliminary list (substantially differentfrom the version distributed to the BOG and to Martin):The "committee" is not yet in existence; I've suggested to Vehslage that