asscciation for mexican cave studies box 7672 ut station austin ...

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16STAL SYMBOLSRimstone damsFlowstone on floor•Masses of flowstone on walls, or flowstone partitionsFlowstone ColumnStalactitesStalagmitesSoda strawsCEILING SYMBOLSSharp drop in ceiling; hachures point toward low ceilingDome, with heightFLOOR SYHBOLSBedrock floorClaySand, mud,or dirt•••• 0• •00 Cl ()"'''GravelTalus~ Hasses of breakdown-- -----__-Guano(J Pottery or other archeological rdmains~OLOGY SYMBOLSStrike and dip of strata (dip in degrees)Vertical jointLarge individualbreakdown blockDipping joint, dips toward side with blockFault, D side moved down relative to U sideNOTE: In all cave passa~es the composition of the floorshould be indicated.
17Discussion of Map Symbolsby Bill RussellThe purpose of a cave map is to give an accurate. easily understood.visual impression of the cave as a complex three-dimensional void extendingthrough the earth. And to accomplish this. many special symbols are used toindicate features found in the cave. Many of these symbols. such as the breakdownsymbol. are simply a diagramatic expression of the actual feature. whileothers like the number in a circle for ceiling height are purely artificialconceptions. And the more detailed a cave map. the more important the artificialsymbols become. Many modern cave maps could not be understood without alist of symbols. The standardization of symbols is important so cavers of allareas and languages can easily communicate. An important step in this directionis the adoption of a set of standard symbols by the NSS.Unfortunately. the only list so far presented to the NSS is the H~dgeslist, a very lengthy list that contains many unacceptable symbols. Cave mappingis generally not the type of activity that generates political discussion,but the time has come for all cave mappers to make some political noise or theNSS board of governors will take our silence for agreement. First. I would liketo propose that the NSS adopt the AMCS set of map symbols, calling it for conveniencethe "NSS Standard." The AMCS symbols are better adapted to contemporarycave mapping, and the adoption of the same set by both organizations willunify cave mapping over a wide area. The discussion that follows is intendedto point out the numerous advantages of the A}~S system, and to indicate someof the various choices available in choosing a set of map symbols.Any list of symbols is a compromise between the large number of possiblesymbols and the number of symbols the map user can be expected' to know. TheANCS list can be adequately presented on two pages and contains 41 symbols; therevised Hedges' list is 19 pages long and contains 163 symbols. The Hedges listincludes a large number of specialized symbols. including symbols for bothwarm and cold air currents. polluted and potable water. mold. fungus. and evencoprolites. To be useful the Hedges list will have to be severely revised. withthe commonly used symbols printed as a short two page list that could be easilyutilized. The rest of the symbols should then be collected and issued as a listof special symbols. to be annotated on maps where they are used. This supplementallist could include symbols for various types of archaeological material,special cave features such as mud cracks, ripple marks. high water marks. andnumerous man-made features such as core holes and electric wires. The supplementallist will provide a suitable symbol to show these features. and insurethat all cavers use the same symbol. The Hedges 19 page list is a valuablecompilation of map symbols but is too long to be adopted as a standard list.[2] @] ~ ~ 1:\·; I G ~ [ili], 2 3 I. 5 6 7 eSimbolos: 1. pared de La cueva: 2.dolino: 3.estoLoctitas etc: I..derrumbes: 5.ti erro:6.guono de murcielago:7. pendiente: 8. gours.Cuban r.ave ~apSymbols
Page 1: ASSCCIATION FOR MEXICAN CAVE STUDIE
Page 5 and 6: 3So the large-entranced sotano whic
Page 7 and 8: 5MINA OTATES, T&~.: DSC. 25, 1974,
Page 9: MERIDA, YUC.: OCT. 1974, David McKe
Page 13 and 14: AMCSMEMBERSHIP ACTIVITIES LETTEREdi
Page 15 and 16: 3Michael Schulte has been working o
Page 17 and 18: 5To the right of the partition in t
Page 19 and 20: 7Diamond Cave RevisitedAndy Grubbs,
Page 21 and 22: 9CHE~-VEN-SIL-MUTSYSTEM\+--1000 ft.
Page 23 and 24: Cave Map Symbols11On the following
Page 25 and 26: 13I NATIONAL SPELEOLOGICAL ISOCIETY
Page 27: ASSOCIATION FOR MEXIC&~ CAVE STUDIE
Page 31: 19in a 90 meter pit could collect d
Page 35 and 36: AMCSACTIVITIES LETTEREdited by Bill
Page 37 and 38: 3After leaving Valladolid we went t
Page 39 and 40: CASI UlL 5By Bill Stone as told to
Page 41 and 42: June 97Dear AMCSRE:Diamond CaveAfte
Page 43 and 44: Anyways we speleo-boppedEstrella an
Page 45 and 46: The adrenelin still pumping through
Page 47 and 48: 13Sotano Hondo de Pina1itoBy Steven
Page 49 and 50: CAVE MAP SYMBOLS(continued)15The AM
Page 51 and 52: mechanical shading -- the dots, con
Page 53 and 54: morphogenetic feature involving gra
Page 55 and 56: height variation, say. across the w
Page 57 and 58: 23that list to include a broader se
Page 59 and 60: 25be represented by rigidly p,eomet
Page 61 and 62: 27..• D. 0. ȯGravelFEATURENOTESS
Page 63: ASSOCIATION FOR MEXICAN CAVEUAP Snm
Page 67 and 68: AlfCSACTIVITIES LETTEREdited by Bil
Page 69 and 70: 35. I personally had the following
Page 71 and 72: volunteered to rescue the bag. They
Page 73 and 74: one large black hole near the top o
Page 75 and 76: The next day we left camp at dawn a
Page 77 and 78: 11First Exploration of NogalThursda
Page 79 and 80:
'"entire passage has·solutional ro
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13Date: January, 1975Destination: A
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15Trip Report, Christmas-New Years
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THEOTATES MINE AREA17SIERRA DE EL A
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large storms, this arroyo sends flo
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20but the handholds are unstable re
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22Diamante received its name from t
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jer_I') CIRCLE ROOW•LA CUEVA DE J
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elev 1310mmeters 0Hoya de las Conch
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AMCS ACTIVITIES LETTEREdited by Bil
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3View across the botto~ of Hoya de
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dubbed "The 170" quickly led to ano
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Roy dropped 3 pits an'i :l cave nea
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which would have been hazardous hol
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\I0YA DE LA LUZProfile B-B'Located
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12hotic DiseasesThe August 1976 iss
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14San Juan Area Nov 1976"eo?le: Tr~
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16Caving in Puebla, Vera Cruz, and
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RETURN TO HUAUTLA~Jith t~e 1976-77
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20SCHOOL BUS SCOOPSZOaUITLAN AREA~)
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enU~«
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2April 1, 1977, marks the 10th anni
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TRIP REPORTSDestination: Cueva del
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5uestination: Sierra las Alazanas a
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The Fissure t..as located by T.P.
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11The next morning Francisco "Kissi
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12could scamper up a wed~ed log and
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14This idea was thwarted given an u
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16NEW YEAR'S DAY IN SAN AGUSTINan t
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1'1later Jim and I began the long c
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20Our group of six intended on rapp
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22here and poked around for leads.
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24and myself about trash and abando
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line didn't cross; nylon against ny
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...'"1IIc.21II .._1II~(,),-• c..'
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30Medical Report On The April 1977
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'32One caver alInost lost her voice
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34considered normal. The diabetic d
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36Jim Smit~ Has followinp, Blake Ha
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3~the spot would make a smaU slip.
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AMCSACTIVITIeSNewsLe TTe Rno. 7
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'International NewsTHE SIERRA DE GU
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International Newsin the entrance a
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The Ten Deepest Caves in Mexicoby B
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to a drop. t returned and dropped a
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to the entrance. From San Andres we
Page 180 and 181:
stove in a semi-catatonic state. He
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above the roaring cascades. At time
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With two leads 'beckoning we began
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Chaining a passage in Cueva de Infi
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the cave. We pulled our rope down b
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increased the cave's depth to -197
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series of parallel ascending (+30 0
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La Sistema Purificacidn: a theory a
Page 197 and 198:
Between the Cold and the" GlorybyTe
Page 199 and 200:
Back tothe Bird PitsbyBill StoneSum
Page 201 and 202:
'Getting Down in Peiiaby Bill Stone
Page 204 and 205:
CUEVADELAPENAPROFI LEmetersoRanc ho
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