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Datganiad Cadwraeth Clawdd Offa Offa's Dyke Conservation ...

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25 <strong>Datganiad</strong> <strong>Cadwraeth</strong> <strong>Clawdd</strong> <strong>Offa</strong><strong>Offa</strong>'s <strong>Dyke</strong> <strong>Conservation</strong> Statement 25Arwyddocâd <strong>Clawdd</strong> <strong>Offa</strong>4 The significance of <strong>Offa</strong>'s <strong>Dyke</strong>Arwyddocâd archaeolegol a hanesyddol4.1 <strong>Clawdd</strong> <strong>Offa</strong> yw henebyn archaeolegol hwyaf Prydain.4.2 Mae’n henebyn rhyfeddol sy’n goroesi fel ymgorfforiadunigryw o brosesau mynegiant gwleidyddol a chenedligrwydddatblygiadol a ffurfiodd y byd gorllewinol ar ôl y Rhufeiniaidyng nghyfnod diweddarach y milflwyddiant cyntaf OC. Mae’nsylfaen i gymdeithas Ewrop hyd heddiw.4.3 Mae’n henebyn gydag arwyddocâd allweddol wrthddiffinio tarddiad cenhedloedd Cymru a Lloegr adatblygiad cysylltiedig hunaniaeth ddiwylliannol Gymreiga Seisnig.4.4 Mae’r clawdd yn gyflawniad technegol a threfniadolhynod, o’r math a’r maint daearyddol heb ei ail yn Ewrop, yn eigyfnod ei hunan nac yn y 1000 mlynedd dilynol hyd at yChwyldro Diwydiannol.4.5 Dyma’r strwythur adeiledig mwyaf dramatig sy’n goroesio’r cyfnod Eingl-Sacsonaidd, ac mae’n symbol o gyfnodpwysig yn hanes Prydain sydd wedi gadael ond ychydig oolion gweledol.4.6 Mae’n henebyn sydd, yng nghyd-destun deall hanesEingl-Sacsonaidd, yn rhoi cipolwg archaeolegol allweddol argyfraniad <strong>Offa</strong> a theyrnas y Mers i ddatblygiad cyfnoddiweddarach y milflwyddiant cyntaf ym Mhrydain.4.7 Mae’r clawdd yn henebyn sy’n rhan o gyfrescenedlaethol-bwysig a gwahaniaethol o safleoedd sy’ngysylltiedig â hanes maith o wrthdaro a rhyfela yn y GororauCymreig.4.8 Mae’n nodwedd gyfeiriadol archaeolegol unigryw ynnhirwedd leol y Gororau, gyda manylion y ffurf sydd wedigoroesi a’i berthynas â phatrwm cyffiniol anheddu, yn dangosproses ryfeddol 1200 blwyddyn o ddatblygiad a newid mewnrheolaeth tir a pherchnogaeth yng ngororau Cymru a Lloegr.4.9 Mae’n adnodd archaeolegol prin, o bosibl yn gwarchodcyfres werthfawr o haenau amgylcheddol cyfoes sydd wedi eucladdu ar hyd coridor 129 km y dirwedd.Archaeological and historical significance4.1 <strong>Offa</strong>’s <strong>Dyke</strong> is Britain’s longest archaeological monument.4.2 It is an extraordinary monument surviving as a uniqueembodiment of the processes of political expression andemergent nationhood which shaped the post Roman westernworld of the later 1st millennium AD and which still underlieEuropean society today.4.3 It is a monument with a key significance in defining theorigins of the Welsh and English nations and the associatedemergence of consciously held Welsh and English culturalidentities.4.4 The dyke is a remarkable technical and organisationalachievement of a kind and geographical scale without equal inEurope either in its own time or in the following 1000 years upto the Industrial Revolution.4.5 It is the most dramatic built structure surviving fromAnglo-Saxon times, as such symbolising an important periodin British history which has left relatively few substantialvisible remains.4.6 It is a monument which, in the context of understandingAnglo-Saxon history, gives a key archaeological insight intothe contribution of <strong>Offa</strong> and the kingdom of Mercia to thedevelopment of later 1st millennium Britain.4.7 The dyke is a monument which is part of a distinctiveand nationally important complex of sites associated with thelong history of conflict and warfare in the Welsh borders.4.8 It is a unique archaeological reference feature in the localMarches landscape, revealing in the detail of the survivingform of the dyke today and its relationship to the surroundingpattern of settlement an extraordinary process of 1200 years ofevolution and change in land management and ownership inthe borders of England and Wales.4.9 It is a rare archaeological resource potentially preservinga valuable sequence of contemporary buried environmentaldeposits along a 129 km landscape corridor.Arwyddocâd o ran tirwedd4.10 Mae’r clawdd yn nodwedd unigryw o’r dirwedd sy’ngwneud cyfraniad gweledol a ffisegol sylfaenol i gymeriad anaws benodol yr ardal o gwmpas.4.11 Mae’n llinell wahanu ddaearyddol bwysig sy’n parhau iLandscape significance4.10 The dyke is a highly distinctive landscape feature whichmakes a unique visual and physical contribution to theparticular character and feel of its local surroundings.4.11 It is an important geographical dividing line which

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