Enhancing Local Development Planning - LGRC DILG 10

Enhancing Local DevelopmentPlanning as Instrument ofSustainable Development and GoodUrban GovernanceAtty. Francisco L. Dagnalan, En.P, M.D.M.Commissioner, HLURBNational President, PIEPVice-Chair, Int’l. Movement ofDevelopment Managers (IMDM)

Planning as Tool for SD• Environmental Planning- a.k.a. Town andCountry Planning (UK), Urban and RegionalPlanning (US) , Human Settlements Planning• refers to activities connected with themanagement and development of land, as wellas the preservation, conservation andmanagement of the human environment• Presidential Decree No. 1308, series of 1978• Objective is to liberate communities fromurban blight and congestion and promoteecological balance ( PD 933, series of 1976)

Steps in Plan Formulation1. Identification of Key Issues and Assumptions2. Data Collection and Inventorya) Socio-Economic Profileb) Physical Profile ( includes mapping of existing uses)3. Situational Analysis1. This includes consultations with experts and public2. Includes SWOT analysis4. Goal and Objective Setting1. General and Sectoral Goals, Objectives and Targets5. Generation of Options and Alternative Spatial Strategies6. Cross Sectoral Integration7. Evaluation and Selection of Preferred Strategy1. This will involve a consultation workshop

Steps in Plan Formulation8. Detailing and Refinement of Preferred Strategy9. Formulation of Plan Implementation Tools – Institutional andAdministrative Machinery, Zoning Ordinances, LocalInvestment Development Program, Tax and RevenueGeneration Measures10. Technical Plan Review by Inter-agency body11. Plan Legitimation and Adoptiona) Public Exhibition of Planb) Public Hearingc) Adoption by Sanggunian (Legislative Council)12. Review and Approval by Reviewing Bodies (HLURB, Province)13. Plan Implementation , Monitoring and Feedback

Evolution of Philippine Planning• PIEP established as association of UP graduates andpractitioners of environmental planning (1969)• Town Planning institutionalized by government thru DAP-TFHS & Human Settlements Commission ( 1973 – 1986)• Planning coordination function of HSC deprioritized due toanti-Ministry of Human Settlements mindset of therevolutionary administration (1986-87 )• Rise of sustainable development movements (1987-92)• HLURB planning guidelines revised in light of the LocalGovernment Code (1992) and National UrbanDevelopment and Housing Framework , per RA 7279(Urban Development and Housing Act ) ( 1992- 93)

Evolution of Philippine Planning• HLURB guidelines again revised in light of RA 7586(Protected Areas Law , 1995) and RA 8435 ( Agriculture &Fisheries Law, 1998)• DENR launched the Integrated Environmental Managementand Sustainable Development (IEMSD) Program (1997)• Guidelines on Sustainable Land Use Planning• Coastal Zone Management Guidelines• HLURB adopted Guidelines for Application of the StrategicPlanning Process to the Formulation of CLUPs and toImportant Urban Area Planning Issues and Concerns –(February 2002)

State of Local Development Planning• Out of 79 provinces, 56 have duly approvedProvincial Physical Framework Plans (mostlyassisted by AUSAID – Tech Ass to Prov. Plng);in three provinces, all cities and towns have plans• Out of 1,610 cities and municipalities, 1,318 haveprepared a Town Plan & Zoning Ordinance; but only597 have been updated ( not older than five years)• The DILG Secretary has issued final deadline forLGUs to complete plans with threat of sanctions• Some highly urbanized and urbanizing cities haveprepared innovative and sustainable CLUPs andZoning Ordinances

Problems with Existing LocalDevelopment Plans• Urban focused land use plans – Many CLUPs do nothave detailed local land use policies for , production ,protection and coastal zones• Tendency of LGUs to overestimate projectedrequirements in reclassifying agricultural lands• Many land use plans not linked with economiclevers or drivers such as taxation and investmentincentives,and livelihood / poverty alleviationstrategies ;• LGUs with good action plans, including CDS citieshave not prepared or have outdated conceptual orcomprehensive development plans• Some LGUs have recycled plans to meetrequirements of two or more donor programs

LGUs with Sustainable andInnovative Development Plans• Naga City – exemplary participatory processes, submittedCLUP to citizens’ referendum , invested in new CBD to influencepattern of growth , designated urban transition zones, prohibitedagricultural conversion• Marikina City – clear vision and model of commercialdevelopment and discipline (Singapore), good program forresettlement of river squatters and revitalization of river, policyagainst residential expansion and admission of new relocatees,investment incentives• Makati City – good participatory processes, flexiblezoning and density controls, used urban forms to shapecityscape and prescribe projected maximum desireddevelopment threshold , provided for connected lineargreen park system, good proposed pedestrian friendlycirculation system

LGUs with Sustainable andInnovative Development Plans• Gen. Santos City – clear vision of becoming fish andexport processing center , has detailed zoning of ruralbarangays, uses innovative matrix of permitted, prohibitedand consent on merit uses,• Butuan City – designated policy based PLANNED UNITDEVELOPMENT DISTRICTS with unique roles / functionsand land use policies – uptown, midtown and downtown;good coastal and water resources management plan; goodenvironmental management program• Iloilo City – first and only city to secure DAR and DENRindorsement of their CLUP; private sector led planning taskforce; good participatory processes; clear grasp ofmetropolitan role of city; used GIS technologies

LGUs with Sustainable andInnovative Development Plans• Ormoc City – Good economic development andenvironmental management strategies; focus oninfrastructure development• Pasay City – Policy Based Zoning, good participatoryprocesses , designated planned unit development areaswith special roles – old reclamation area, villamor air baseand new reclamation areas; created zoning implementationcommittees, good urban renewal plan• Vigan City – master plan approach, good consultative andparticipatory processes, designated heritage village,incorporates some urban design guidelines, usesincentives to influcence development

Enhancing the Planning System• General Findings• There is still a need for continuing orientationand advocacy to local politicians on the value,benefits importance and urgency of town planninga.k.a. comprehensive land use planning• There is also need to upgrade the planning skills ofnational government planning assistance agencies• Mere threat of imposition of sanctions against noncomplyinglocal governments will not cause or ensuremore faithful compliance with existing laws; localgovernments should be able to see positive benefits ofdevelopment planning;• Most good plans were prepared by or with support oflicensed environmental planners

Enhancing the Planning System• Lessons and Conclusions in the light of theAsian Regional Conference on UrbanRevitalization and Governance• Need for Strategic Environmental Assessment andTotal Ecosystems Approach in Urban Planning ,Management and Revitalization (Piracha)• Traditional Exclusionary Zoning inadequate for UrbanGrowth Management ; Need for Flexible Zoning andDoable Action Plans and Implementable Projects ratherthan mere policy statements ( Iwata)• Need for National Urban Policy and DevelopmentStrategy to set directions for projects (Takahashi)

Enhancing the Planning System• Lessons and Conclusions in the light of theAsian Regional Conference on UrbanRevitalization and Governance• Value of Community Involvement ,Participatory Processes, Networks andPartnerships in Urban Planning, Managementand Revitalization ( Herzog)• Heritage Resources can be effectively reusedto pursue social and economic development(cases of Vigan, Cebu, Manila)

Enhancing the Planning System• Lessons in the light of the CDS Program• CDS and HLURB strategic planning approach arecomplementary;• CDS approach can be used to refine and upgradethe Local Investment Development Program,particularly in the prioritization of projects andresource generation strategies• there is a need to enhance locational targetting andspatial strategies for CDS supported programs andprojects ( where and when such projects will beallowed in a given locality)• Existence or availability of prospective funds forprojects is good incentive for accelerating planpreparation

Enhancing the Planning System• Recommendations• The possibility of integrating the strategicenvironmental assessment approach in localplanning should be immediately and seriouslyconsidered;• Capacity and capability programs of localgovernment units to undertake sustainable landuse planning, urban planning and managementand urban revitalizations should be intensified andfast-tracked;• Local planning offices should be professionalizedand staffed by competent environmental planners

Enhancing the Planning System• Recommendations• Appropriate recognition and awards system forlocal government units who submit plans ahead ofschedule should be should be established andencouraged; and• There should be submitted to Congress a newer,simpler and more updated substitute version ofthe proposed National Land Use Act that willeffectively rationalize and streamline agencyresponsibilities and facilitate resolution /adjudication of land use disputes